13 Centaur Continuous Duty Generator Set Performance PERFORMANCE The curves included in this section show typical performance for the Centaur gas turbine generator set. While these curves cover the majority of gas turbine applications, special conditions may arise that require consultation with the manufacturer to determine performance under specific conditions. Three parameters affect the performance of a gas turbine generator set: * Inlet air temperature to the engine and generator ‘© Ambient pressure of the inlet air (altitude) * Turbine inlet and exhaust pressure losses The effect of each parameter is shown in Figures 13-1 through 13-3 respectively. (Note: In the curve shown in figures 13-3 and 13-4, it is assumed that the inlet air temperature to the engine is relatively the same as the inlet cooling air temperature to the generator. If, for an individual application, these are not relatively the same, the manufacturer should be consulted.) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVE Typical performance of the Centaur gas turbine generator set is shown in Figures 13-3 and 13-4. Power output of the set in kilowatts is shown as a function of ambient air inlet temperature at a constant ambient air inlet pressure of 14.7 psia (101 kPa). The performance assumes zero inlet and exhaust pressure losses. Power losses of the reduction gear and standard accessories have been considered in computing the performance curves. The calculations also include the generator efficiency. CORRECTION FOR ALTITUDE The curve in Figure 13-1 is the correction factor, ambient pressure divided by sea level pressure 14.7 psia (101 kPa) as a function of altitude. B41 EFFECT OF INLET AND EXHAUST PRESSURE LOSS CURVE The effect of duct pressure losses on engine performance compared with the engine performance with zero duct losses is shown in Figure 13-2. Enter on the bottom of the chart with the output power parameter from Figure 13-3. Move vertically upward until you intersect the exhaust pressure loss curve. Move horizontally to the left margin and read the kw loss per inch of pressure loss. Multiply by the number of inches loss, Follow the same procedure for inlet pressure loss and subtract the total kw losses from the output power parameter to deter- mine the available kW. The sum of inlet and exhaust pressure losses must not exceed twenty inches of water (5 kPa). If operation is required with ducting Pressure losses exceeding this sum, consult the manufacturer. The normal gas turbine installation has from zero to two inches of water inlet pressure losses and from two to six inches of water pressure loss in the exhaust system AVAILABLE EXHAUST HEAT Mass flow and temperature of the Centaur gas turbine exhaust is shown in Figures 13-3 and 13-4 Exhaust heat available can be determined by applying the following formula: Baer F Q = Wee Cp (TH-T2) where Q = Heat available Wex Exhaust mass flow in thousands of pounds per hour (Figure 13-3 or 13-4) 6 = Ambient pressure, psia (kPa) 14.7 (101.4) (T4-T2) = Temperature drop in heat recovery ‘equipment Cp = Average specific heat over the (14-12) range. Assume 0.25ALITUDE CORRECTION FACTOR (3) ° 1 2 a ‘ 5 . ® o 9 oy + =| | | | 06. a L ° Ey To rc 700 700 00 Figure 13-1. Altitude Correction CCUTPUT POWER PARAMETER 15 Figure 13-2. Inlet and Exhaust Pressure Loss 3-2(OUTPUT FOWER PARAMETER, rue apes co vb LLONS TEE xe TUROINE GENERATOR SET ZERO INLET. AND EXHAUST uct PRESSURE Losses g 3 XGIAUST GAS TEMPERATURE FC) rH 0 (29) 04) 05) TYPICAL AIRINLET TEMPERATURE *F (), NOTE: AVAILABLE POWER OUTPUT AT LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURES Is DEPENDENT ON THE GENERATOR Eee Figure 13-3, Typical Output Power Available, Gas Fuel B3(OUTPUT POWER PARAMETER, K/5 Duct PRESSURE LOSSES fp (Miu TONS BTU) rugeriow. w/e MUN EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE. (1) 20(3) C18) “a 8) ens) TYPICAL AIR INLET TEMPERATURE, *F (°C) a NOTE: AVAILABLE POWER OUTPUT AT LOW AMGIENT TEMPERATURES IS DEPENDENT ON THE GENERATOR. SUPPLIED FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL APPLICATION, Figure 13-4. Typical Output Power Available, Liquid Fuel BeExample: Using gas fuel, determine the continuous duty power available and, at full, three-quarter, and one-half load, determine the fuel consumption and the exhaust heat available for: Ambient Temperature 59°F (15°C) Elevation 1500 ft (457m) Inlet Duct Losses 2 in. HO (498 Pa) Exhaust Duct Losses 4 in. H90 (996 Pa) Stack Temperature (Exhaust) 300°F (149°C) Maximum Power Available From Figure 13-3 at 59°F (15°C) read: 2710 KW/3 From Figure 13-1 at 1500 ft (457m) read: 8 = 0.95 From Figure 13-2 at 2710 kW/o read: inlet loss of 13.2 KW/in. HO (0.053 kW/Pa) and exhaust loss of 6.6 KW/in. (0.026 kW/Pa) H20 Maximum Power Available = 2710 x 0.95 - 13.2 x2- 6.6 x4 = 2575 - 53 = 2522 kW TlGomencien We = (an From Figure 13-3 at 59°F (15°C) read (using kW/s no losses): Full Load (read at 2710 kW) Wy/s Three-quarter Load (read at 2033 KW) Ws/5 Half Load (read at 1355 kW) Woe 38.7 million Bru/hr (11.3 megawatts) 32.5 million Btu/hr (9.5 megawatts) 26.0 million Btu/hr (7.6 megawatts) Fuel Consumption Full Load (2522 kW) Three-quarter Load (1892 kW) Half Load (1261 kW) = 38.7 million Btu/hr/5 = 36.8 million Btu/hr (10.8 megawatts) 32'5 million Btu/hr/6. = 30.9 million Btu/hr (9.0 megawatts) 26.0 million Btu/hr/5 = 24.7 million Btu/hr (7.2 megawatts) Exhaust Heat Available Q Ww Mex cgi) From Figure 13-3 at 59°F (15°C) read (using kW/s no losses): Full Load (read at 2710 kW) Wex/8 = 141 thousands pph at 840°F (449°C) ‘Three-quarter Load (read at 2033 KW) Wex/5 = 141 thousands pph at 730°F (387°C) Half Load (read at 1355 kW) Wex/5 = 141 thousands pph at 620°F (327°C) Exhaust Heat is: Full Load (2522 kW) Q = 141 x 0.25 (840 - 300) 0.95 = 18.1 million Btu/hr (5.3 megawatts) ‘Three-quarter Load (1892 KW) Q = 141 x 0.25 (730 - 300) 0.95 = 14.4 Btu/hr (4.2 megawatts) Half Load (1261 kW) Q = 141 x 0.25 (620 - 300) 0.95 = 10.7 million Btu/hr (3.1 megawatts) 35