CHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT

CLASS -12
BIOMOLECULES (4 MARKS)
Q.1. Define the following with an example of each : Q.9. Give two examples of water soluble vitamins.
(1) Polysaccharides (2018) [B & C] (2017,2013)
(2) Denatured protein Q.10.Name the monosaccharide which are obtained
(2018,2015C,2014,2012,2010,2008) after the hydrolysis of :-
(3) Essential amino acids (2018,2014) (i) Lactose (2016) (ii) Sucrose (2010)
(4) Peptide linkage in protein Q.11. What types of bonding is responsible for the
(2015C,2014,2012,2011,2008)
stability of   helix ? [H-bond] (2016)
(5) Primary structure of protein
Q.12.Write difference between
(2015C,2014,2012,2008)
(a) Nucleoside and nucleotide (2016)
(6) Glycosidic linkage (2020) (2014,2011C,2008)
(7) Invert sugar (2020) (2014) (b) DNA and RNA (2015)
(8) Oligosaccharides (2020) (2014) (c) Hormones and vitamins (with respect to their
sources and function) (2013C)
(9) Nucleotides (2014)
(d) Fibrous and globular proteins (2010)
(10) Anomers (2014)
(11) Globular protein (2013C) (e) Reducing and non-reducing sugars.
(12) Fibrous protein (2013C) (f) Essential and non essential amino acid.
(13) Pyranose structure of glucose (2011) (g) Fat soluble and water soluble vitamins.
(14) Zwitter ion (2011C) (h) Acidic and basic amino acids.
(15) Vitamins Q.13.Which one of the following is an oligosaccharide :
starch, maltose, fructose, glucose. (2015)
Q.2 Write the product when D-glucose reacts with :-
Q.14.Write the main disease caused by the deficiency of
(1) Conc. HNO3 (2018,2008) Vitamin B1 . [Beri-Beri] (2015)
(2) Bromine water (2012C,2010C,2008,2019) Q.15.Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes
(3) HI(prolonged heating) (2012C,2010C,2008) ‘pernicious anaemia’. [Vit B12 ] (2013,2011C)
(4) NH2  OH Q.16.Write the name of linkage joining two amino acids.
[peptide linkage] (2013)
(5) HCN (2019), (6) (CH 3CO)2 O (2019) Q.17.What is essentially the difference between
Q.3. Write a reaction which shows that all the carbon  -glucose and  -glucose ? What is meant by
atoms in glucose are linked in a straight chain. pyranose structure of glucose . (2012)

HOCH (CH OH) CHO  HI   CH3 (CH2 )4 CH3  [differ in configuration of OH group at C1. The six-
 2 2 4 
 n  hexane  membered cyclic structure of glucose is in analogy
Q.4. What are monosaccharides ? (2010) with pyran]
Q.18.Name the only vitamin which can be synthesized in
Q.5. Mention one important function of nucleic acid in our body. Name one disease that is caused due to
our body. (2013C) its deficiency. (2012C)
Amino acids show amphoteric behaviour. Why ? (2018) Q.19.State two functions of carbohydrates.
Q.6. Write one difference between   helix and (2012C)(2008)
  pleated structures of proteins. (2018) Q.20.Write the main structural difference between DNA
and RNA of the four bases, name those which are
Q.7. Which polysaccharide component of carbohydrate common to both DNA and RNA. (2011)
is commonly present in bread ? [Starch] (2017) Q.21.Enumerate the reaction of D-glucose which cannot
Q.8. Write two types of secondary structures of protein. be explained by the open chain structure.
[   helix and   pleated sheets] (2017) (2011C)(2010C)(2019)
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CHEMISTRY
 CHEMISTRY BIOMOLECULES
Ans. Does not give Schiff’s test/does not form hydrogen Q.40.What change occur in the nature of egg proteins on
sulphite addition product/ pentaacetate of glucose boiling ? [On boiling, globules unfold & helix get
does not react with NH 2  OH /Gluc. exists as two
uncoiled, ( 20 & 30 structures destroyed only
anomeric forms.
Q.22. What is meant by “reducing sugars” ? (2010) 10 structure intact) protein loses its biological activity]
Q.23. Amino acids may be acidic, alkaline or neutral. How Q.41.Compare amylase with amylopectin in terms of
does this happen? What are essential and non essen- consituting structure. (2019)
tial amino acids ? Name one of each type. (2010) Ans. Amylose = long unbranched chain of   glucose
Q.24. What are vitamins ? Deficiency of which vitamin units / C 1  C 4 glycosidic linkage.
causes (i) Pernicious anaemia (ii) Convulsions. Amylopectin = Branched chain of   glucose units
(2010C) / C 1  C 4 glycosidic linkage & branching by
Q.25. Name four bases present in DNA. Which one of
these is not present in RNA ? (2009) C 1  C 6 glycosidic linkage.
Q.26. Name two fat soluble vitamins, their sources and 42. Why do amino acids show amphoteric behaviour?
the diseases caused due to their deficiency in diet. (2019)
(2009) Ans. has both -COOH & - NH 2 qrps./exists as Zwitter
Q.27. How are the vitamins classified ? Mention the cheif ion.
sources of vitamins A and C. (2008) 43. What is the difference between native protein and
Q.28. Which of the two-components of starch is water denatured protein? (2019)
soluble. [Amylose]. Ans. 3-D structure protein is native and not having 3-D/
Q.29. Name two components of starch.
[Amylose and Amylopectin] lost 20 & 30 structures is denatured protein.
Q.30. Why are carbohydrates generally optically active ? 44. Which is a disaccharide : Glucose, Lactose, Amy-
[presence of chiral carbon] lose, Fructose. (2019)
Q.31. What is the structural feature characterising reducing Ans. Lactose.
sugars ? [free aldehydic or ketonic group] 45. Write the name of the vitamin responsible for the
Q.32. Mention the type of linkages responsible for coagulation of blood. (2019)
formation of the following :- (2008C) Ans. Vitamin K/Phylloquinone.
(i) Primary structure of proteins [peptide linkage] 46. Define the following terms: (2020)
(ii) Cross-linking of polypeptide chains (i) Oligosaccharides (ii) Invert sugar
[H-bond, disulphide linkage, vanderwaals forces] (iii) Glycosidic linkage (iv) Native protein.
(iii)  -helix formation [H bonds] Ans. (i) It yields 2-10 monosaccharide units on
hydrolysis.
(iv)  -pleated sheet structure
(ii) Hydrolysis of sucrose brings about a change in
[Inter molecular H bonds] the sign of rotation, from dextro (+) to laevo (-)
Q.33. Why are vitamin B and C essential to us ? [They are and the product is named as invert sugar.
water soluble so readily excreted in urine so should (iii) A linkage between two monosaccharide units
be regularly supplied in diet ]. through oxygen atoms.
Q.34. The two strands of DNA are not identical but are (iv) Protein having a unique three- dimensional
complementary. Explain. structure and biological activity.
Q.35. Name the vitamin responsible for blood coagulation 47. How can you explain the absence of an aldehyde
[Vitamin K] group in the pentaacetate of D-glucose? (2020)
Q.36. Why vitamin C can not be stored in our body ? Ans. The pentaacetate of glucose does not react with
Q.37. What type of linkage holds together the monomers hydroxylamine/ HCN/Schiff’s reagent indicating the
of DNA ? [phosphodiester linkage] absence of free -CHO group.
Q.38. Why polysaccharides are called non-sugars ? 48. Name the bases present in RNA. Which one of
[Non sweet is taste]. these is not present in DNA? (2020)
What is the taste of glycine ? [sweet] Ans. Adenine, Guanine, Uracil and Cytosine. Uracil is
Q.39. Name the amino acid first obtained from cheese. not present in DNA.
[Tyrosine] 2
CHEMISTRY
 CLASS - XII
PASSAGE BASED QUESTIONS (i) What are monosaccharides? Give atleast
three examples.
1. Read the given passage and answer the
questions (i) to (v) that follow. (ii) What are oligosaccharides? Give some
examples.
Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their
(iii) What are polysaccharides? Give some
behaviour on hydrolysis. They have been
broadly divided into following three groups. examples.

(iv) What are reducing sugars? Give some

(a) Monosaccharides : A carbohydrate that
examples. Is fructose a reducing sugar?
cannot be hydrolysed further to give simpler
unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is (v) What are non-reducing sugars? Give some
called a monosaccharide. About 20 examples.
monosaccharides are known to occur in
nature. Some common examples are glucose,
fructose, ribose, etc. ONE WORD ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
(b) Oligosaccharides : Carbohydrates that yield
two to ten monosaccharide units on 1. Name the disaccharide which on hydrolysis
hydrolysis, are called oligosaccharide units gives two molecules of glucose. (2020)
on hydrolysis, are called oligosaccharides. 2. Name the disaccharide which on hydrolysis give
They are further classified as disaccharides, glucose and galactose. (2020)
trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, etc.,
depending upon the number of 3. Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes
monosaccharides, they provide on convulsions. (2020)
hydrolysis. Amongst these the most common 4. Can you test the presence of –CHO group in
are disaccharides. The two monosaccharide glucose by 2,4-DNP test?
units obtained on hydrolysis of a
5. Can glucose form cynohydrin?
disaccharide may be same or different. For
example, sucrose on hydrolysis gives one 6. Name the monosaccharide obtained on the
molecule each of glucose and fructose hydrolysis of starch.
whereas maltose gives two molecules of 7. What is the name given to a mixture of glucose
glucose only. and fructose obtained on the hydrolysis of
sucrose?
(c) Polysaccharides : Carbohydrates which
yield a large number of monosaccharide 8. Which carbohydrate is known as animal starch?
units on hydrolysis are called 9. Name the polysaccharide which has -
polysaccharides. Some common examples glycosidic linkages.
are starch, cellulose, glycogen, gums, etc.
Polysaccharides are not sweet in taste, hence 10. Which component of starch is water soluble?
they are also called non-sugars. 11. Which component of starch is not water soluble?

The carbohydrates may also be classified as 12.
either reducing or non-reducing sugars. All
those carbohydrates which reduce Fehling’s 13.
solution and Tollen’s reagent are referred to
as reducing sugars. All monosaccharides 14.
whether aldose or ketone are reducing
sugars.
15.
In disaccharides, if the reducing groups of
monosaccharides i.e., aldehydic or ketonic 16.
groups are bonded, these are non-reducing
sugars e.g. sucrose, On the other hand,
sugars in which these functional groups are 17.
free, are called reducing sugars, for example,
maltose and lactose. 18.
Name the amino acid which is not optically
active.
Name the enzyme which converts maltose into
glucose.
Name the unit formed by the attachment of a
base to 1’ position of sugar in a nucleoside.
What happens to the optical rotation for sucrose,
when it is subjected to hydrolysis?
Name the species formed when amino acid is
dissolved in water.
Deficiency of which vitamin causes night
blindness?
Deficiency of which vitamin causes scurvy?

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 CLASS - XII
19. Deficiency of which vitamin causes rickets? (b) 2 molecules of glucose + 1 molecule of
20. Deficiency of which vitamin causes pernicious fructose
anaemia? (c) 1 molecule of glucose + 1 molecule of
21. Deficiency of which vitamin causes Beri-beri? fructose

22. In DNA, adenine forms H-bonding with which (d) 2 molecules of fructose
base? 7. Proteins are found to have two different types of
23. In DNA, guanine forms H-bonding with which secondary structures viz.  -helix and
base?  - pleated sheet structure.  -helix structure of
24. Name the sugar units present in DNA. protein is stabilised by:

25. Name the sugar unit present in RNA. (a) Peptide bonds (b) van der Waal’s forces

26. Is vitamin D water soluble? (c) Hydrogen bonds (d) Dipole-dipole interactions
27. Is vitamin C water soluble?
8. Which of the following acids is a vitamin?
28. Give one example of fibrous protein.
(a) Aspartic acid (b) Ascorbic acid
29. Give one example of globular protein.
(c) Adipic acid (d) Saccharic acid
9. Nucleic acids are the polymers of
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
(a) Nucleosides (b) Nucleotides
1. Which one of the following is a non-reducing
(c) Bases (d) Sugars
sugar? (2020)
10. Which of the following statement is not true
(a) Sucrose (b) Maltose
about glucose?
(c) Glucose (d) Lactose
(a) It is an aldohexose
2. Which parts of amino acids molecules are linked
through hydrogen bonds in the secondary (b) On heating with HI, it forms n-hexane
structure of proteins? (2020) (c) It is present in furanose form
(a) NH2 group (b) COOH group (d) It does not give 2, 4-DNP test.
(c) C  and NH groups (d) None of the above. 11. Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids
||
O linked with each other in a specific sequence.
This sequence of amino acids is said to be
3. Peptide linkage is present in (2020)
(a) Carbohydrates (b) Vitamins (a) primary structure of proteins

(c) Proteins (d) Rubber (b) secondary structure of proteins

4. Glycogen is a branched chain polymer of  -D- (c) tertiary structure of proteins

glucose units in which chain is formed by (d) quaternary structure of proteins
C 1  C 4 glycosidic linkage whereas branching
12. DNA and RNA contain four bases each. Which
occurs by the formation of C 1  C 6 glycosidic
of the following bases in not present in RNA?
linkage. Structure of glycogen is similar to.
(a) Adenine (b) Uracil
(a) Amylose (b) Amylopectin
(c) Thymine (d) Cytosine
(c) Cellulose (d) Glucose.
5. Which of the following polymer is stored in the 13. Which of the following bases is not present in
liver of animals? DNA?

(a) Amylose (b) Cellulose (a) Adenine (b) Thymine

(c) Amylopectin (d) Glycogen. (c) Cytosine (d) Uracil

6. Sucrose (cane sugar) is a disaccharide. One 14. The sugar which is not a disaccharide in the
molecule of sucrose on hydrolysis gives. following is:
(a) 2 molecules of glucose (a) Lactose (b) Galactose
(c) Surcose (d) Maltose

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 CLASS - XII
15. Vitamin B12 contains: (iv) Assertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is
(a) Fe (II) (b) Co (III) correct statement

(c) Zn (II) (d) Ca (II) 1. Assertion : The two strands in DNA are
complementary.
16. Muta rotation does not occur in:
Reason : Cytosine always pairs with guanine
(a) Sucrose (b) D-glucose
and thymine pairs with adenine.
(c) L-glucose (d) None of these.
2. Assertion : Oxidation of glucose by Br2 water
17. In DNA, the complementary bases are: gives gluconic acid.
(a) Adenine and guanine, thymine and cytosine Reason : Br2 water oxidises both –CHO and –OH
(b) Uracil and adenine, cytosine and guanine groups.
(c) Adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine 3. Assertion : The two strands in double strand
(d) Adenine and thymine, guanine and uracil. helix structure of DNA are complementary to
each other.
18.  - D(+) glucose and  –D(+) glucose are:
Reason : Disulphide bonds are formed between
(a) enantiomers (b) conformers specific pairs of bases.
(c) epimers (d) anomers
4. Assertion : Oligosaccharides are classified as
19. Which of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin? disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides.
(a) Vitamin B complex (b) Vitamin D Reason : It depends upon the number of
(c) Vitamin E (d) Vitamin A monosaccharides produced on hydrolysis.
20. Which of the statements about “Denaturation” 5. Assertion : Glucose on acetylation gives
given below are correct? pentaacetate.
(1) Denaturation of proteins causes loss of Reason : It contains five –OH group.
secondary and tertiary structures of the
6. Assertion : Sucrose is laevorotatory.
protein.
(2) Denaturation leads to the conversion of Reason : Sucrose on hydrolysis gives
double strand of DNA into single strand. dextrorotatory glucose (  52.5o ) and
laevorotation of fructose (  92.4 o ).
(3) Denaturation affects primary structure
which gets distrorted 7. Assertion : Sucrose is called an invert sugar.
(a) (2) and (3) (b) (1) and (3) Reason : On hydrolysis, sucrose bring the
(c) (1) and (2) (d) (1), (2) and (3) change in the sign of rotation from dextro (+) to
laevo (-).
8. Assertion : Amino acids react with acid and base
ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS both.
Reason : In zwitter ionic form, amino acids show
DIRECTIONS – In the following questions a
the amphoteric behaviour.
statement of Assertion (A) followed by a
statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the 9. Assertion : There is the coagulation of egg white
correct answer out of the following choices. on boiling.
(i) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are Reason : Denaturation of protein occurs when
correct statements, and Reason (R) is the its native form is subjected to physical change or
correct explanation of the Assertion (A). chemical change.
(ii) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are 10. Assertion : Vitamins B and C must be supplied
correct statements, but Reason (R) is not regularly in the diet.
the correct explanation of the Assertion
Reason : Vitamins B and C are soluble in water
(A).
which are readily excreted through urine and
(iii) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is cannot be stored (except vitamin B12) in our
incorrect statement. body.
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 CLASS - XII
ANSWERS ONE WORD ANSWERS
1. Maltose 2. Lactos
PASSAGE BASED QUESTIONS
3. B6 4. No
5. Yes 6. Glucose
1. (i) A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed
further to simpler units of polyhydroxy 7. Invert sugar 8. Glycogen
aldehyde or ketone is called a monosaccharide. 9. Cellulose 10. Amylose
Examples: Glucose, fructose, ribose. 11. Amylopectin 12. Glycine
13. Maltase 14. Nucleotide
(ii) Carbohydrates that yield two to ten
15. Laevorotatory (or gets inverted)
monosaccharide units on hydrolysis are called
oligosaccharides. 16. Zwitterion (or dipolar ion)
17. Vitamin A 18. Vitamin C
Examples: Sucrose, lactose, maltose.
19. Vitamin D 20. Vitamin B12
(iii) Carbohydrates which yield a large number of 21. Vitamin B1 22. Thymine
monosaccharide units on hydrolysis are called
23. Cytosine 24. 2-Deoxyribose
polysaccharides.
25. Ribose 26. No
Examples: Starch, Cellulose, glycogen, gums. 27. Yes 28. Keratin
(iv) Reducing Sugars : Carbohydrates which 29. Insulin
reduce Fehling’s solution and Tollen’s reagent
are called reducing sugars.
MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER
Examples: Glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d)
Yes, fructose is a reducing sugar. This is
6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)
despite the fact that is has a ketonic group and
not aldehydic group required for reducing 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (b)
Fehling’s solution or Tollen’s reagent. 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c)

(v) Non – reducing sugars : Carbohydrates which

do not reduce Fehling’s solution and Tollen’s ASSERTION-REASON TYPE ANSWER
reagent are called non-reducing sugars.
Examples: Sucrose 1. (i) 2. (iii) 3. (iii) 4. (i) 5. (i)
6. (iv) 7. (i) 8. (i) 9. (i) 10. (i)

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