Summer Revision 100

Questions [239 marks]

Give your answers to this question correct to two decimal places.
Gen invests $2400 in a savings account that pays interest at a rate of 4% per
year, compounded annually. She leaves the money in her account for 10 years,
and she does not invest or withdraw any money during this time.

1a. Calculate the value of her savings after 10 years. [2 marks]

1b. The rate of inflation during this 10 year period is 1.5% per year. [3 marks]
Calculate the real value of her savings after 10 years.

Yejin plans to retire at age 60. She wants to create an annuity fund, which will pay
her a monthly allowance of $4000 during her retirement. She wants to save
enough money so that the payments last for 30 years. A financial advisor has told
her that she can expect to earn 5% interest on her funds, compounded annually.

2a. Calculate the amount Yejin needs to have saved into her annuity fund, in [3 marks]
order to meet her retirement goal.

2b. Yejin has just turned 28 years old. She currently has no retirement [3 marks]
savings. She wants to save part of her salary each month into her
annuity fund.
Calculate the amount Yejin needs to save each month, to meet her retirement
goal.

It is believed that two variables, m and p are related. Experimental values of m

and p are obtained. A graph of ln m against p shows a straight line passing
through (2.1, 7.3) and (5.6, 2.4).

3a. Find the equation of the straight line, giving your answer in the form [3 marks]
ln m = ap + b, where a, b ∈ R.
 Hence, find

3b. a formula for m in terms of p. [1 mark]

3c. the value of m when p = 0. [1 mark]

4. It is believed that two variables, v and w are related by the equation [7 marks]
v = kw , where k, n ∈ R. Experimental values of v and w are obtained.
n
A graph of ln v against ln w shows a straight line passing through (−1.7, 4.3) and
(7.1, 17.5).
Find the value of k and of n.

Adesh wants to model the cooling of a metal rod. He heats the rod and records its
temperature as it cools.

He believes the temperature can be modeled by T (t) = aebt + 25, where

a, b ∈ R.

5a. Show that ln (T − 25) = bt + ln a. [2 marks]

5b. Find the equation of the regression line of ln (T − 25) on t. [3 marks]

Hence

5c. find the value of a and of b. [3 marks]

5d. predict the temperature of the metal rod after 3 minutes. [2 marks]

6a. Find the value of a if the determinant of matrix M is −1. [2 marks]

6b. Write down M −1 for this value of a. [1 mark]

 0 2
Consider the matrix A = ( ).
a −1

7a. Find the matrix A2. [2 marks]

7b. If det A2 = 16, determine the possible values of a . [3 marks]

Let A, B and C be non-singular 2×2 matrices, I the 2×2 identity matrix and k a
scalar. The following statements are incorrect. For each statement, write down
the correct version of the right hand side.

8a. (A + B)2 = A2 + 2AB + B2 [2 marks]

8b. (A – kI)3 = A3 – 3kA2 + 3k2A – k3 [2 marks]

8c. CA = B C = B [2 marks]
A

9. ex e−x [6 marks]
Consider the matrix A = ( ), where x ∈ R.
2 + ex 1
Find the value of x for which A is singular.

Let M = ( ) where a and b are non-zero real numbers.

a b
−b a

10a. Show that M is non-singular. [2 marks]

10b. Calculate M2. [2 marks]

10c. Show that det(M2) is positive. [2 marks]

11. The square matrix X is such that X3 = 0. Show that the inverse of the [6 marks]
matrix (I – X) is I + X + X2.
 5 −2
Consider the matrix A =( ).
7 1

12a. Write down the inverse, A–1. [2 marks]

B, C and X are also 2 × 2 matrices.

12b. Given that XA + B = C, express X in terms of A–1, B and C. [2 marks]

12c. 6 7 −5 0 [2 marks]
Given that B =( ), and C = ( ), find X.
5 −2 −8 7

Beth goes for a run. She uses a fitness app to record her distance, s km, and time,
t minutes. A graph of her distance against time is shown.

Beth runs at a constant speed of 2.3 ms–1 for the first 8 minutes.

13a. Calculate her distance after 8 minutes. Give your answer in km, correct [2 marks]
to 3 decimal places.

Between 8 and 20 minutes, her distance can be modeled by a cubic function,

s = at3 + bt2 + ct + d. She reads the following data from her app.

13b. Find the value of a , b, c and d. [5 marks]

 Hence find

13c. the distance she runs in 20 minutes. [2 marks]

13d. her maximum speed, in ms –1. [4 marks]

3 0
The matrix A is defined by A=( ).
0 2

14a. Describe fully the geometrical transformation represented by A. [5 marks]

Pentagon, P, which has an area of 7 cm2, is transformed by A.

14b. Find the area of the image of P. [2 marks]

3√3 3
The matrix B is defined by B = 12 ( ).
−2 2√3
B represents the combined effect of the transformation represented by a matrix X,
followed by the transformation represented by A.

14c. Find the matrix X. [3 marks]

14d. Describe fully the geometrical transformation represented by X. [2 marks]

ABC
 The following diagram shows a triangle ABC.

AC = 15 cm, BC = 10 cm , and AB̂C = θ.

√3
Let sin CÂB = 3
.

15a. Given that AB̂C is acute, find sin θ. [3 marks]

15b.
Find cos (2 × CÂB). [3 marks]

].
a b
The matrix A is given by A =[
c d

16a. By considering the determinant of a relevant matrix, show that the [4 marks]
eigenvalues, λ, of A satisfy the equation
λ2 − αλ + β = 0,
where α and β are functions of a, b, c, d to be determined.

16b. Verify that [5 marks]

A2 − αA + βI = 0.

16c. Assuming that A is non-singular, use the result in part (b)(i) to show [2 marks]
that
1
A−1 = β
(αI − A).

( , )
 Points in the plane are subjected to a transformation T in which the point (x, y) is
transformed to the point (x', y') where

3 0 x
[ ]=[ ][ ].
x'
y' 0 2 y

17a. Describe, in words, the effect of the transformation T . [1 mark]

17b. Show that the points A(1, 4), B(4, 8), C(8, 5), D(5, 1) form a [3 marks]
square.

17c. Determine the area of this square. [1 mark]

17d. Find the coordinates of A', B', C', D', the points to which A, B, C, D [2 marks]
are transformed under T .

17e. Show that A' B' C' D' is a parallelogram. [3 marks]

17f. Determine the area of this parallelogram. [2 marks]

An infinite geometric series has first term u1 = a and second term u2 = 14 a2 − 3a,
where a > 0.

18a. Find the common ratio in terms of a. [2 marks]

18b. Find the values of a for which the sum to infinity of the series exists. [3 marks]

18c. Find the value of a when S∞ = 76. [3 marks]

Let f(x)= 4 − x3 and g(x)= ln x, for x > 0.

19a. Find (f ∘ g)(x). [2 marks]

19b. Solve the equation (f ∘ g)(x)= x. [2 marks]

19c. Hence or otherwise, given that g(2a)= f −1 (2a), find the value of a. [3 marks]

⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ −3 ⎞
20. [4 marks]
Let a = ⎜ k ⎟ and b = ⎜ k + 2 ⎟, k ∈ R.
⎝ −1 ⎠ ⎝ k ⎠
Given that a and b are perpendicular, find the possible values of k.

Let Sn be the sum of the first n terms of the arithmetic series 2 + 4 + 6 + ….

21a. Find S4. [1 mark]

21b. Find S100. [3 marks]

1 2
Let M = ( ).
0 1

21c. Find M2. [2 marks]

21d. 1 6 [3 marks]
Show that M3 = ( ).
0 1

1 2n
It may now be assumed that Mn = ( ), for n ≥ 4. The sum Tn is defined
0 1
by
Tn = M1 + M2 + M3 + ... + Mn.

21e. Write down M4. [1 mark]

21f. Find T4. [3 marks]

21g. Using your results from part (a) (ii), find T100. [3 marks]

3 2
 The function f is given by f(x) = mx3 + nx2 + px + q, where m, n, p, q are
integers.
The graph of f passes through the point (0, 0).

22a. Write down the value of q. [1 mark]

The graph of f also passes through the point (3, 18).

22b. Show that 27m + 9n + 3p = 18. [2 marks]

The graph of f also passes through the points (1, 0) and (–1, –10).

22c. Write down the other two linear equations in m , n and p. [2 marks]

22d. Write down these three equations as a matrix equation. [3 marks]

22e. Solve this matrix equation. [3 marks]

22f. The function f can also be written f(x) = x (x − 1) (rx − s) where r [3 marks]
and s are integers. Find r and s.

Three points in three-dimensional space have coordinates A(0, 0, 2), B(0, 2, 0) and
C(3, 1, 0).

23a. −−→ [1 mark]

Find the vector AB .

23b. −−→ [1 mark]

Find the vector AC .

23c. Hence or otherwise, find the area of the triangle ABC. [4 marks]

πi
R+
 w = ae 4 i , where a ∈ R+ .
π
Let

for a = 2,

24a. find the values of w2 , w3 , and w4 . [2 marks]

24b. draw w, w2 , w3 , and w4 on the following Argand diagram. [3 marks]

w
24c. Let z= 2−i
. [2 marks]

Find the value of a for which successive powers of z lie on a circle.

In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.

Bryan decides to purchase a new car with a price of €14 000, but cannot afford
the full amount. The car dealership offers two options to finance a loan.
Finance option A:
A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of 14 % compounded quarterly.
No deposit required and repayments are made each quarter.

25a. Find the repayment made each quarter. [3 marks]

25b. Find the total amount paid for the car. [2 marks]

25c. Find the interest paid on the loan. [2 marks]

 Finance option B:
A 6 year loan at a nominal annual interest rate of r % compounded monthly.
Terms of the loan require a 10 % deposit and monthly repayments of €250.

25d. Find the amount to be borrowed for this option. [2 marks]

25e. Find the annual interest rate, r. [3 marks]

25f. State which option Bryan should choose. Justify your answer. [2 marks]

25g. Bryan chooses option B. The car dealership invests the money Bryan [4 marks]
pays as soon as they receive it.
If they invest it in an account paying 0.4 % interest per month and inflation is 0.1 
% per month, calculate the real amount of money the car dealership has received
by the end of the 6 year period.

An aircraft’s position is given by the coordinates (x, y, z), where x and y are the
aircraft’s displacement east and north of an airport, and z is the height of the
aircraft above the ground. All displacements are given in kilometres.

⎛ −150 ⎞
The velocity of the aircraft is given as ⎜ −50 ⎟ km h .
−1
⎝ −20 ⎠
At 13:00 it is detected at a position 30 km east and 10 km north of the airport, and
at a height of 5 km. Let t be the length of time in hours from 13:00.

26a. Write down a vector equation for the displacement, r of the aircraft in [2 marks]
terms of t.

If the aircraft continued to fly with the velocity given

26b. verify that it would pass directly over the airport. [2 marks]

26c. state the height of the aircraft at this point. [1 mark]

26d. find the time at which it would fly directly over the airport. [1 mark]
 When the aircraft is 4 km above the ground it continues to fly on the same bearing
but adjusts the angle of its descent so that it will land at the point (0, 0, 0).

26e. Find the time at which the aircraft is 4 km above the ground. [2 marks]

26f. Find the direct distance of the aircraft from the airport at this point. [3 marks]

26g. Given that the velocity of the aircraft, after the adjustment of the angle [3 marks]
⎛ −150 ⎞
of descent, is ⎜ −50 ⎟ km h , find the value of a .
−1
⎝ a ⎠

Consider the function g (x) = 4 cos x + 1, a ⩽ x ⩽ π

2 where a< π
2.

27a. For a = − π2 , sketch the graph of y = g (x). Indicate clearly the [3 marks]
maximum and minimum values of the function.

27b. Write down the least value of a such that g has an inverse. [1 mark]

27c. For the value of a found in part (b), write down the domain of g −1 . [1 mark]

27d. For the value of a found in part (b), find an expression for g −1 (x). [2 marks]

⎛1⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞
The vectors a and b are defined by a = ⎜ 1 ⎟, b = ⎜ −t ⎟, where t ∈ R.
⎝t⎠ ⎝ 4t ⎠

28a. Find and simplify an expression for a • b in terms of t. [2 marks]

28b. Hence or otherwise, find the values of t for which the angle between a   [4 marks]
and b is obtuse .

2
 The sum of the first n terms of a sequence {un } is given by Sn = 3n2 − 2n,
where n ∈ Z+ .

29a. Write down the value of u1 . [1 mark]

29b. Find the value of u6 . [2 marks]

29c. Prove that {un } is an arithmetic sequence, stating clearly its common [4 marks]
difference.

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