DIRECT CURRENT GENERATOR - AND. MOTOK PRINCIPLES 2-1] THIRTY-SIX DRY CELLS ARE CONNECTED IN TOUR “PARALLEL GROUPS OF.NINE CELLS IN SERIES PER GROUP IF THE VOLTACE AND CURRENT - KATING OF EACH CELL IS /45 VOLTS AND 4 AMP., RESPECTIVELY, Q) CALCULATE THE VOLTAGE, CURRENT , AND POWER RATING OF TRE ENTIRE ICOMEINATION ) ecacuLaTe THE PROBLEM roe NINE PARALLEL 6?0UPS OF Four CELLS IN SERIES “PER GROUP. oWvEN wy 36 ORY CELLS aor V(CELL = 1-45 VOLTS poll Y/CELL= 4 AMP: Reauirep: 0) VeIr, Pe OF THE COMBINATION IN FIG A i - O)VesIr + PN PG 8 SOLUTION: Q) Vr = (9)( 1-45) Vs = 13-05 vowts Ty = (4)(4) 16 AMPERES Pre Velr = (13.05)(16) | ‘Pes 208-8 WATTS b) Ve = @)(145) = 58 vouts Tr = @)(4) = 36 AMPERES Pre Vel = (6-8)(36) Pr= 208-8 WATTS Quiles Fieure 2-2] CALCULATE. THE AVERAGE VOLTAGE GENERATED IN A MOVING CONDUCTOR Wir curs 25 x 10° Maxweis WN ‘Ao sec ; IN Yeo SEC. i ’ GIVEN d= 25 x10% MAXWELLS av ts Yoo a t= ho sec 4 Yeo SEC Pivmie 10 ReQuiren. = 25x08 y 0% AVERAGE VOLTAGE GENERATED f Yeo SOLUTION Eave.= 2 VOLTS AT t= ho SEC. Van 2 1x Gams). x — V9 Banal! Eaem 2 x ont + 25x x0% (ao 1 VOUT "DIRECT CURRENT’ GENET?ATOR AND MOTOR PRINCIPLES 2-3] A SIX-POLE D.C. GENERATOR HAS AN ARMATURE WINDING WITH 504 CONDUCTORS CONNECTED IN SIX PARALLEL PATHS. CALCULATE THE GENERATED VOLTAGE IN THIS MACHINE IF EACH POLE PRODUCES 165 x 10% MAXWELLS AND THE ARMATURE SPEED 1S 1800 IPM. GIVEN: SOLUTION: P=6 POLES =~ - Eg= x P.XZ x RPM x 107® Z= 504 CONDUCTORS a x 60 Q=6 PARALLEL PATHS = (165 x 10°}(6)(504)(1800)(10~ = 1-05 x 10° Maxwells (6) (60) REQUIRED: . Eg = 250. VOLTS GENERATED VOLTAGE Eg 2-4] THE ARMATURE WINDING OF THE GENERATOR OF PROBLEM 2-5 1S MopirieD $0 THAT IT HAS. TWO PARALLEL PATHS INSTEAD OF SIX. AT WHAT] SPEED SHOULD THE MACHINE BE DRIVEN IF IT 1S TO DEVELOP THE SAME VOLTAGE AS BEPORE THE CHANGE, ASSUMING ALL OTHER CONDITIONS TO remain uncHancen ? Given: ie SOLUTION: 3 Eg- 250 vous Eg= Ox P xz x RPM x W-® G@ <2 PARALLEL PATHS ax Go ALL OTHER CONDITIONS TO RPM= Eg xa x 60 IEMAIN UNCHANGED Oo xPxzxo? FEQUIRED: = 250 x 2 x 60 x10? SPEED IN RPM’. « 1.65 x 10° x 6 x 504 RPM= 600 2-5] CALCULATE THE VOLTAGE GENERATED BY A Foul POLE D.C MACHINE GIVEN THE FOLLOWING PARTICULARS : NUMBER OF SLOTS IN ARMATURE =55 > NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PEK SLOT =4 ;.PLUX PER POLE = 2.62 x10° MAXWELL ISPEED= |,200 PM; NUMBER OF FAALLEL PATHS IN ARMATURE =2 GIVEN: SOLUTION: P=4 POLES r= 4 coypyerons. x SB SLOTS S285 S10 2 "cow Zr= 220 CONDUCTORS ‘Aor = COS or fg § xP xz x RPM x10 @ = 2.62 x 10° MAXWELLS ax 6 SPIED « 1200 RPM * = (262 x 10°) (4)(220) (1200)(10"*) Q = 2 PARALLEL PATHS (2) @) terouinep gx 250 voulg Nngor tSD DIRECT CURRENT GENERATOR AND MOTOR PRINCIPLES 2-6] IF THE AIMATUE WINDING OF PROB. 2-5 HAP FOU PARALLEL PATHS, WHAT WOULD HAVE GEEN TNE GENERATED voLTAct 7 6IveN: SOLUTION: Q=4 PARALLEL PATHS Eq= 262 X 8 x4 x £20x 1200 x1078 REQUIRED: 4x60 stg=? Eg= Ue vous 2.7] A FOUT-POLE MACHINE GENERATES 250 VOLIS WHEN OreareD AT 1900 RPM. IF THE FLUX PER POLE IS 185 X 10° MAXIELLS, THE NUMBER (OF ARMATURE SLOTS IS +5, AND THE ARMATURE WINDING HAS TWO PARALLEL PATHS , CALCULATE (@) THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ARMATURE CONDUCTORS + (b) THe NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS IN EACH SLOT. GIVEN: SOLUTION: 8 Pe 4 POLES Q) tg- Px PxZ x Rmx? oA. Ege 250 vats ax 60 $= 1500 REM Zre Eg x@ x 60 x0? = 185 x 10% MaxweLs @ xP x RPM Slot= 45° : Zp = £50 x 2 x GO x 10% Q= 2 PARALLEL PATHS 185 X 10% x 4 x 1500 Ler Zr 18 THe TOTAL NUMBER Zy = 270 CONDUCTORS OF ARMATURE. CONDUCTORS Oz I Voor = Gs Sot z = Zor = & CONDUCTORS /eip 2-8] HOW MANY TOTAL CONDUCTORS -AND CONDUCTORS PER SLOT WOULD BE NECESSARY IN THE ARMATURE OF PIB. 2-7 IP THE, WINDING HAD FOUR PARALLEL PATHS ? GIVEN: Ore 4 PORALLEL PATHS: oZil= mI OTHERS IS REMAINED UNCHANGED Stor 46 SLOT eas a Zo or = (2 cOnoUCTONS Q) Zr \ &) Z/sor SOLUTION: Q)Z1= Eg x@ x @0x108 OxP x RPM = £50 x4 x 60.x 10% 1.85 x10° x 4 * 1500 Zr = 540 CONDUCTORSDIRECT. CURRENT GENERATOR AND MOTOR PRINCIPLES 2-$) THE SPEED OF THE GeNeRéTOR OF PROB. 2-7 1 DECKCASCD 10 1,550 RPM. (0) WHAT WILL BE THE GENERATED VOLTAGE IF THE FLUX PER POLE IS MANTAINED AT THE SAME VALUE, i.e., 1-85 x 10% MaxwELLS ? (b) TO WHAT VALUE OF FLUX FER POLE SHOULD THE EXCITATION BE ADJUSTED IE THE GENERATED VOLTAGE IS TO REMAIN THE SAME , i.e., @50 voLIs? GIVEN: ‘SOLUTION 7 THE SAME VALUE ON 4 2-7, Q) Eg= @ XP xz x RPM x 10% ONLY THE SPEED OF THE axe GENERATOR IS DECREASED = 195 x10® x 850° 4 x270 x 0"® TO 1350 RPM. *s t x60 keep Eq= 225 vouTs z Q) GENERATED VOLTAGE 7 b), IF Eg = 250 VOLTS, FIND THE VALUE OF) 1) Flux PER pole 7 § =Eq xa x60 PxZ xem x 1078 = 250 X2 x GO “4 X 210 KIzED KIO? d= 2056 x 10° mAXWELLS 2-10] WHAT 15 THE FREQUENCY OF THE ALTERNATING VOLTAGE GENERATED IN THE ARMATURE CONDUCTORS OF (G)A SIX-POLE 900-RPM MACHINE ? le) AN EIGHT POLE 750-RPM MACHINE? (¢) A 10-POLE 500-RPM MACHINE? GIVEN SOLUTION: 0) P=6 Poles . Q) f2 Px RPM = @ x90 $= 900 Rem ; (20 120 *) Pee rors fu 45 crs Sa 750 (PM b fe 8x Tho = 50 CR ©) Palo POLES , 20 y , $= 500 RPM Fm lox 500 = H-7.C88 REQ’. 120 FREQUENCY OF ALTERNATING VOLTAGE? 2-11) HOW ANY POLES ARE THERE IN A GENERATOR IN WHICH THE ARMATURE FREQUENCY IS 30 CRS WHEN OPERATING AT 4 SPEED OF 600 Rpm? GIVEN: SOLUTION : Pa 30 OFS S SINCE, f= Px RPM Si 600 RPM 120 equinen: NUMBER GF POLES P= # x120 em P= 6 Foes = 30x10DIRECT- CURRENT GENERATOR AND MOTOR PRINCIPLES 2-12] AT* WHAT SPEED 1S AN ARMATURE ROTATING IN A’ I2-FOLE MACHINE IF THE FREQUENCY IN THE ARMATURE CONDUCTORS Is 50 CPS? GIVEN. SOLUTION Pei2 poues IPM = f x120 f= 5O CRS REQUIRED SPEED (1PM) =? e215] CALCULATE THE FORCE EXCERTED BY EACH CONDUCTOR, @ IN. LONG, ON THE ARMATURE OF A 0-C MOTOR WHEN IT CARIES A CURRENT OF 90 Avi. AND LIES IN A FIELD THE INTENSITY OF WHICH |S 52,000 LINES PER SQUARE INCH: GIVEN: WHERE Le 6 ncres i B= FLUX DENSITY T= 90 amp. L= LENGTH (INCHES) Bz 52,000 LUNES, T= CURRENT eam SOLUTION: ) Require i F = 52,000 x6 x90 FORCE EXCERTED BY EACH Se {1,300 000 CONRCTOR Fa 2.48 LBS. SINCE: Fe BAL XI 11,300,000 2-1¢]wHaT TORQUE WILL THE CONDUCTOR OF PROD. 2-I5 DEVELOP IF \T LIES ON AN ARMATURE THE DIAMETER OF WHICH IS 9 IN? Given’ SOLUTION: * DIA. = 9 INCHES Te Peg Reouicep . Torque =? SNCE THF XR WHERE F= FORCE in (LB) Te rapsDIRECT-CURRENT GENERATOR AND MOTOR PIINCIPLES 2-15] THE ARMATURE OF A D.C MOTOR HAS 31 SLOTS WITH 18 CONDUC TORS IN EACH SLOT. ONLY @8 PEK CENT OF THE CONDUCTORS LIE DIRECTLY UNDER THE POLE ACES,WHERE THE FLUX DENSITY IS UNIFORM AT 46,000 LINES FEI SQUARE INCH. IF THE ARMATUICE-CORE JOIMETER 1S 725 IN. , ITS LENGTH 425 IN. , AND THE CURRENT IN DACH ICONDUCTOI? «1S 25 AMP, CALCULATE : (0) THE FORCE EXCERTED BY THE JARMATURE -TENDING TO PRODUCE ROTATION ; (b) THE TORQUE IN FOUND-FEET: GIVEN: SOLUTION: SLOTS = Si * @ F=BxLxI- =I6 TC aor = 16 CONDUCTORS 11,500,000 BUT ONLY 68 % OF THE CONDUCTORS UIE ON THE POLE races B= 46,000 UNES/ DIA= 7.25 IN + THEREFORE: L = 4.25 N sd [sqque x3l suoT](oee)( 25)(e5) x SLT ane Seen 11,300,000 Freuier raitr9 Los O) FORCE EXCERTED BY THE” wr rae 7 ARMATURE a(49 2 168) Ls-e 2 We, Te 441 LB-FT 8) Torque: IN, (L6-Fr) 2-16]USING THE DATA OF PROB. 2-5 , CALCULATE THE TORQUE THAT WILL BE DEVELOPED IF THE FLUX DENSITY IS REDUCED BY 5 PERCENT WHILE THE CURRENT IS INCREASED TO 40 AMP. GIVEN: . "= 46,000 X0.85 x4.25 X40[0.68 x31 x16) DATA IN PROB. 2-15 gd BS AAESS [0 ae Bm menwep by 5% aac I= 40 Amp. T= eel. 74 Lo. ReQuitep: THEN: TORQUE. =? Taf xf = 201.74 US XT-E5 IN X FT SOLUTION: Fe ee lee B= 46,000 x 0.95 Lines, Py a 8 u Tn? T# 67 B-FT. THEN: = BKLUxT 11,300,000