-ing 1g and Fiaie Some verbs are sometimes followed by -ing. He enjoys making other people laugh. These include: admit deny dislike feel ike give up mind suggest avoid discuss enjoy finish mention practise take up After a preposition, we usually use ‘ing. J Im afraid of fying. + Some phrases end in the preposition to. These are also followed by -ing, not an infinitive. ¥ | ook forward to hearing from you. x + We can also use the -ing form as the subject of a sentence. ¥ Cooking is great fun! Some verbs are sometimes followed by the fulinfnive, | decided to apologise to Emma. These include: advise choose help learn plan refuse tell afford decide hope manage pretend seem want agree expect invite offer promise teach would like Some verbs are usually followed by an object + bare infinitive (without to). These include: let make ) + Make in the passive is followed by the full infinitive. “—*— / Michael was made to apologise by his mother. + Some verbs are followed by the ful infinitive alone and some can be followed by an object + ful infinitive. ¥ He wants me to tell him a joke. ee eRe ae ~ i ‘Some verbs can be followed by either -ing or the full infinitive. | started liking / to like James after he helped me with my problem. With some verbs, the meaning is the same or nearly the same. These include: begin continue hate like love prefer start With some verbs, the meaning changes. These verbs include: + ing inf remember have a memory in your mind do something you are/were planning to Do you remember seeing that comedy? _ Did you remember to say sorry to James? forget not be able to remember a past event not do something you are/were planning to do I'd forgotten hearing that joke. Oh, no! | forgot to invite Shelly! stop stop an action interrupt an action to do something else Stop crying - it's not that bad. | was on my way to see Maria and | stopped to get her some flowers. ty do something to try and solve a problem make an effort to do something Have you tried talking to her? Im trying to say I'm sorry, but you won't listen! 154wo COU HAwWNHe Ss Sowmyud}|GaRwNHe 1 wo - a a ing and infinitive orrect wor My dad finally gave up smoking / to smoke at the age of forty-nine. | really enjoyed listening / to listen to those MP3s you sent me. Thanks. Can you afford buying / to buy so many presents? You should practise juggling / to juggle every day or you'll never learn. How did you learn speaking / to speak Japanese so well? I thought we discussed going / to go to India and now you want to go to China! We finally managed finding / to find my passport and then left for the airport. | look forward to seeing / see you when | come next week! It was very kind of Jack to offer to baby-sit / baby-sitting this weekend. No! | refuse waiting / to wait a moment longer! he verb in bold in each sentence is correc ‘orm of the verb (-ing, full or bar | hope to start driving as soon as I'm seventeen, Stop pretending being asleep. | saw you open your eyes! My mum suggested to go bowling, but | didn't think that was a good idea. Quentin will do anything to avoid to walk to school. He's so lazy! Id really like visiting New York one day. Do you like watching TV or do you prefer play computer games? The weather seems being better. What about a picnic this weekend? | expect to be home at nine o'clock, so have dinner without me. Our head teacher makes us all to wear jackets ~ even in summer! Don't let the dog sitting on the sofa! se the correct answer. He tried to deny the money, but no one believed him. Atake Bto take C taking V hope 0. .-» @ pilot when | grow up. Abecome B to become C becoming Mr Foster has decided ssn » SO We're going to have a party. Aretire B to retire C retiring Do you remember to Germany when you were two years old? Ago Bto go C going You can make the dog ........0l0..|£j1a t0 you by shouting ‘come’. Acome B to come C coming There's no answer at the office. Let's try unnnn ROgEFS Mobile. Acall Bto call C calling 155&) Grammar 1 They finally succeeded in escaping from the room. managed They finally from the room. 2 | bought a new notebook on the way to school. stopped On the way to school, | . “ a new notebook. 3 We're staying in Milan for a night before flying home. planning Weisz in Milan for a night before flying home. ask » be © bring tidy © turn» win 1 Oh, no! | forgot my homework! 2 |remember - on holiday. 3 I tried | couldn't find it! 4 Did you remember....... the tap off? 5 Ill never forget .. lottery. 6 Try... it off my room, but . the her to take 4 | don't want to cook tonight —let’s have a takeaway, feel I dont... tonight - lets have a takeaway. 5. I'm going to get annoyed if you don't stop making that noise! continue If you that noise, I'm going to get annoyed! 6 Could you ask Francis to come into my office, please? mind Do you Francis to come into my office, please? The next time you're feeling ill, try (1) watching / to watch a comedy instead of just doing nothing. At least, that's what some doctors suggest (2) doing / to do. If you want (3) getting / to get better, there's nothing like laughter. First of all, an activity you enjoy (4) doing / to do takes your mind off your illness. Time seems (5) passing / to pass more quickly and you stop (6) worrying / to worry about how you feel.ps 33h Both, pr “> Use xample AZT) neither, so, nor both + noun + and + noun both + adjective + and + adjective Use Example To emphasise that Both Adam and Vicky said Colin each of two things is was very kind. true Simon is both rude and unkind. To say the same thing My sister and | were both shocked by about two things what you said. Jack and Jill both know lots of jokes. We sometimes use of with both. We always use this when it comes before a pronoun. | used to be good friends with Lisa and Mike, but I've had an argument with both | of them. either + noun + or + noun either + adjective + or + adjective either + verb + or + verb ———_ Use Totalk about a Example | think (1! buy a Valentine's card with | choice between two either a puppy or a kitten on it. + things {'m not sure how Tom will react - he'll be | either happy or shocked! You can either tell hin how you feel or hope he notices. We sometimes use of with either. We always use this when it comes before a pronoun. ¥ | really like Robert and Martin -I"l go out with either of them! neither + noun + nor + noun neither + adjective + nor + adjective neither + verb + nor + verb 5 | To emphasise that I've got neither the time nor the | each of two negative energy to take up a new hobby | things is true at the moment. j What you said to Lucy was neither true nor fair | We sometimes use of with neither. We | always use this when it comes before a pronoun. ¥ Neither of us found Jason's joke funny. so + do/have/be/modal + subject do/have/be/modal + subject Use Example To add more information to a positive statement To add more | information to a negative statement Lisa is really unkind, and so is Angela. nor has his friend. his secret, and nor would |. You're good at listening to people, and so am |. My brother hasn't been invited to the party, and Tom wouldn't forgive Jenny if she told everyone | You can also use these structures on their own in a conversation. ¥ ‘like Hannah's sense of humour.” ‘So dol.’ ‘don't find Mark funny.” ‘Nor do I.’ 157ne Oo UHoORYw Noo oO ® wD cy AoRwNne Grammar > is correct, put a If it is wro | was surprised that both and Mary and Oliver were late for the meeting. My mum said she was both of proud and nervous when | appeared in the school play. Why don’t both of you wait here while | go and see if Stuart is in? Both of books have got pages missing. Can | throw and both these magazines away, Derek? When | won the race, | was and exhausted and happy. Edward and Nigel both of them wanted to go on holiday, but they couldn't afford it. Did both you and Syivia grow up in the south of France? You can have ice cream for dessert. You can also have fruit. You can Im considering studying maths at wives ‘and im consider suding ons. Im considering sad | might play chess tonight. | might read a book. | might... Perhaps John has forgotten about our meeting. Perhaps he's got lost. John has Some nights my dad cooks. Some ns he washes up. Every night, my dad... We can order a pizza. We can order a Chinese heave We can | might have lost the piece of paper with Dave's number on it. | might have thrown it aay. We .. ss os You could write to your cousin. You could give her a call. You could .. . ss ss Neither Alex or / nor Gareth knew that I'd seen them take the money. | thought it was strange when both lan and / or Anne left at the same time. We could order either a chicken salad and / or a green salad. Evi was neither embarrassed and / nor angry when Victoria told her to shut up. Passengers can both watch recent movies and / or listen to great albums on many of our flights. | have neither the money or / nor the time to go on holiday right now.Both, either, nether, so, nor Ur Jim wasn't surprised by what | said. He wasn't shocked by what | said, Jim Carol doesn't have a car. She also doesn't have a motorbike. Carol a doesn't play tennis. He ‘doesn't watch it on TV. n w s whe manager wasn't very helpful. The receptionist wast very helpful. Neither Pauline couldn't read until she was seven. She also couldn't write until she was seven. Pauline | haven't been to Poland before. Boris hasn't been to Poland before. Neither ..... a a June: .., and so we went to see that new Tim Banks comedy last week. Polly: Oh, so (2) we. What did you think? We weren't very impressed. June: (2) _ were we. It wasn't very funny. Polly: | didn't an to go, but Kevin likes that cinema. So (3)... been there hundreds of times, June: The one in town? Oh, so (4)... we. The ice cream there is great, and (8) con is the popcorn! | could eat it all night. Polly: Yes! So (6) IH don't like their drinks, though. June: Oh, NO. (7) -sucsnsonnmn 0 L Anyway, we're thinking of going to see what’s on this evening. are Jack and |. Let's meet up, | dont finish work until seven. |, actually, Weve Polly: June: ...d0 |. Fl see what's on and give you a ring. I'm looking forward to it already. Polly: $0 (10) ...ss.00 b Okay, speak to you later. ing the words give oth use your im 1 both / enjoy / run 3 neither / like 2 have / either 4 she / go home / so /1 159