‘What do you understand by Sports Medicine? Discuss briefly about the scope of Sports Medi- cine, 6 Answer: Sports Medicine Sports medicine isa branch of healthcare, It deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of injuries, related to participation in sports and or exercises. ‘Scope of sports medicines: In the field of physi- cal education and sports, the fields of various sub-lisciplines of sports medicine are utilised. Without the knowledge of acope of sports medi- ines, itis difficult to carry a sportsperson perfor- ‘mance at apex level. There are following scopes of sports medicine @ Gi) Human anatomy and physiology. (Gil) Female and sports. G)study of optimal load for different age ‘groups. (9) Scientific promotion of games and sports. (vi Sports injury rehabilitation. 6 Sports and first ai, itness for games and sports. ‘lms of pons medicines (@ To provide information to athletes about Injuries. fi) To provide knowlege about the causes of injures. (GiyTo provide means oF weatment fr sports injuries an for rehabilitation of jure {09 To provide knowicge about he preventive reisares of sports injure (9) Tosveare the sportsperson an atltes about ‘he diferent kinds of ij in espect of sitferent games. (To concentrate on the cause of injury of growth in children. Give suitable examples for every stage. 6 ‘Answer: Excerise guidelines at different stages of growth: Development is a never ending pro cess whereas growth refers to an increase causeé by physiological change in which the child be comes bigger in size and heavier in weight. A: every individual is unique in himself, individua differences and specificity of activity should be considered, Infant activity (0 to 2 yrs.) : In this stage the growth pattern involves control over big Write in detail about the physiological changer taking place due to ageing, 6 Answer : The physiological changes, due to age ing, which take place are mentioned herein : (@ Changes in Nervous System : The reac tion time and movement time slow down wit increase of age. The brain waits, the size of it network and its blood flow decreases with age. Gi) Change in Gastrointestinal System : With a: increase in age, there is a reduction in the pro duction of Hydrochloric acid, digestive enzyme high goals in sports. Answer : Motivation means to be inspired to do ‘something. Indeed, motivation isthe inner condi= tion of the individual that directs his behaviour towards a goal. The force of motivation incites individuals to perform some activities. It also determines the individual's direction of action and his intensity of action, There are two types of motivation, ‘muscles. Clean, safe and hygienic environ ment isthe need in this stage. In this tende age, the activities have to be done uncder thi ‘observation of parents and guardians. Mair ‘exercises for this tender age are practice 0 balancing, walking and hearing from differ ‘ent directions. \Gi) Early childhood activity (3 to 8 yes) : Dur ing this stage of growth, the pattern involve control over small muscles and bone devel ‘opment. The environment needed at thi stage should be clean and safe, moreove ‘and saliva. These changes may result in delayed ‘emptying of the stomach, impaired swallowing. ‘The breakdown and absorption of food may also ‘be impaired. The liver becomes less efficient in smetabolising drugs and repairing damages liver calls (Gi) Changes in Urinal system : With an increas- ing age the mass ofthe kidney decreases, which leads to reduction in blood filtration by the Kidneys. The capacity of the bladders decreases ‘and there is an increase in residual urine. This Intrinsic Motivation : Intrinsic motivation is, internal. It occurs when people are compelled todo something out of pleasure, importance ot desire. Motivation is always intrinsic when the force comes from within oneself, For example, when a person indulges in any sport to have mastery, to display superiority of to gain social approval, itis an intrinsic motivation, Eccentric motivation : Eccentric motivation {is external. It occurs when external factors compel the person to do something. Motiva tion is always eccentric, when external forces, positive or negative, produce a behavioural change. Reward, punishment, praise, blame cor cash prize are example of eccentric moti- vation. It has been found that such devices motivate some persons more strongly than ‘thers, Infact eccentric motivation includes factors that motivate the individual in achiev- ing the goal proper checks by parents and teachers are re quired, Suggested sports- Running, throwing ete. Parents should keep a check that he © she does not fall on ground to avoid injuries (i) Later childhood activities (8 to 12 yrs) : Dur ing this stage, flexibility and co-ordinate. activity of growth occurs. During this stag fof erowth good auality apparatus and safet [No] tatinsie | Motivation @ [Natural Motivation and intemal ~Bstinsie Always outside factors Rewards prizes 0" al recognition. fom external @ [Depends upon emer onal needs, blog eal needs, personal needs and. social esd (Gi [Satisiaction, behav [Job, teachers, par our happiness | ens (Gs) [inner Desire, force] Appredation ‘increases the chance of urinal infections, (Gv) Changes in Senses : With an advance in age, the senses such as vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch may become less active. Vision and hearing are affected the most by ageing. The taste buds are reduced with age. So, they loose interest in food, (W) Change in Respiratory System : Pulmonary function is impaired with advancing age. The airways and lung tissues become less elastic and less efficient. There is decrease in the oxygen uptake and oxygen exchange. “Answer: () Endomorphie : An Endomorphic somatotypeisalso known asa viscerotoni. The characteristic traits ofthis somatotype usually includes being relaxed, tolerant, comfortable, and sociable. Psychologically, they are also fuloving, good humored,even-empered, and they love food and afecton. The Endomarph s physically “ound. They have wide hips and narrow shoulders that give a pearshape. Jomes from inside