ime | ots RM Stott i= my 1 anTG (ih eeu eee se Cee ea ae ee ees ean So ae « Pe ls‘estore oF 180 Dectatat nt tay geld pe edb Sent st Az ale aa ge a rt ees fous = Sse Mada oi atta oc sees Gr hh ne ot it De ie Cag Uninet oat sat Ju, cee gel mre tu tee int tan ee isi fer Adil tsa ost sem ed pare Ba sa89 0 a pepe geen fy (MBO MINE MEO : om ova ts Det Ss ate eh at 00 For roNG MEX ria oh Ee eae ‘leer Jodo movement tay: fa Fee tented aren Soore 159 pp er 200 pats et ee a Eee Se gs Bee ee iit 3 adem mon wa ary : tee Sakon he set of i eds epesally writen bere fo ie oe ‘rete, Sana Sree Pace ais!" nas Bs 0 :125 ili : et A ee ECE, ee tie a mal Eh 48 FF Hy Lee EER ih <8 tine et eee : iniitts Lr fait wie Hee iy la Hits He malls ae isk Ht ie ie tink PRICE = DESCRIPTION (PLEASE PRINT? Tha. 11M (a5W2-19R: '-ZWOF Tota For Mecano € sripnng & Honaing P. cattorna lac Fortrery § 701 TO § 9.00 ADO sse $901 TO $1100 ADD 65 1101 to $1500 ADD 75e MAIL THIS HANDY ORDER FORM TODAY! CHT_RO. Fz MARTIAL ARTS svreuts co. (PLEASE PRINT EVERYTNNG) TF YOUR OROER I= To $300 ADD 25¢ 38e Be OVER $15.01 ADD ase 3301 TO $500 S601 TO $7.00 we Total Amount Enchosed PP Sia of Dai otau sO ts) IS KARATE aor Ea vn Ba ewes cor eae See Sees Se ee ees ee ee eg both for the beginner and for the Black ros RU ae ee eee eae ed ee eee ee ee ear eee ee and advanced techniques in detail. A ee eee designed especially for this purpose. eee ee ed A ee Da eed eee eee rere ee a a ner ‘This is Karate’ is classic in its ‘A schedule of martial arts events ‘open to the public throughout the coming year. For free listing send tournament information to BLACK BELT Calendar, 5650 West Washi ton Bivd., Los Angeles, Calif. May 8-SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. Western US. Karate Championships, Desert Gymnasium. ‘(International "Kempo Karate Assn), May 8ST. PAUL, MINN. Women's YWCA Nage-nd-Kata_ and Juno. Kata Judo Contest, clinic conducted by Mrs. Phyllis ‘Harper, Chicago Yodansakal. (Minn. Judo Ass'n.) May 15-16—Inter-Yudanshakal Junior & Senior Judo Contest. No site chosen, (NY, and Shufu Yudan- shake), IE—-KENT, WASH. Junior Judo Contest (boys 8 to 14 years old) and Expert Judo. Contest (all ranks including Black Belt). 1-M Institute. (Pacifc-Northwest AAU), May 16-MILWAUKEE, WISC. First Great Lakes Karate Tournament. Jewish Community Center, 1400 N- Pros: pect Ave. White, Brown and Black Belt competitors by invitation only. Contact Ken Kastanowicz, 342-7338. (Mlibwaukee Acad. of Karate & Judo). May 16-SAN JOSE, CALIF. Pacific Judo ‘Academy Invitational Tournament, 425 So. Bascom. (Hokka Yudan shakai) May 16—-LONG BEACH, CALIF. Lakewood YMCA Judo Tournament, 5425 Cen tralia St. HA 5.7431. (Nanka Yu: danshakai). May 22:23—New York State YMCA Judo Championships. No site chosen (Ny. ‘Yudanshakal). May 22-23-BALTIMORE, MD. Shufu Jude Yudanshakal Spring” Promo. tional Tournament. Contact James Takemori, 306 Lamond Pl, Alex andria, Va. May 28-30—KANSAS CITY, MO. Nation Karate Clinic, Kansas City Acad. of Judo & Karate (WE 1-280). 3; posium of all styles to synthesize an American Karate. (U.S. Karate May Assn) May 29ST. PAUL, MINN. Junior Judo Contest, Midway YMCA. (Minn Jado Ass'n) June 1965~CHICAGO, ILL, Chicago-area ‘eliminations for U.S. Maceabish Judo Team Trials. tio date or site ‘given. ‘Contact. William - Kaufman, ‘AR 12823, (Chicago Yudanshatal) June 1965—CHICAGO, ILL. US. Junior Judo Championships. Contact Or. E. K. Kolwai, Dept of Pathology, Hahnemann Medical School, Phila delphia, Pa. (Natl AAU Judo Com: mittee). June 5—DETROM, MICH. Midwestern Invitational judo Championships, Contact Hira Fujimoto (Tk 48175). (Konan. Yudanshakai. June 5:6—NEW YORK CITY. N.Y. Yudan: shakai Judo Grading Contest, West Side YMCA. 5 West 63ed St June 12—ST. PAUL, MINN. Open Invite: tional Judo Tournament, Downtown YRCA. (Minn, Judo Ass'n), June 13—WATERLOO, IOWA. Age Group 4& Senior Men's Open Judo Contest. Contact Jonn Coons, 200 Riverside Drive, Waterlos. (Iowa AAU), June, 19—DETROIT, MICH. 13th Annual Midwestern Judo, Championships. ‘of Detreit Memorial Gyrina | Contact Jack Torosian, 263. SALT. (Konan Yudanshakai July 10-11CHICAGD, ILL Junior Na ‘tional Juda Championships. No site given, Contact Hik Nagao, 1214 Win fhemac (BR %1658). (Natt AAU Judo Committee —Chicago Yudanshakai) July 11—FORT DODGE, IOWA. Men's ‘Senior Open Juda Contest. Contact Derwin Ellsbury, 326 Ave, Dy Ft Dodge. (Iowa. AAU) July 11—LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Junior ‘Age Limit Judo Championships. Los ‘Angeles Gity College, 855 No. ‘mont Ave, Contact’ Dan Powers, 7731001. (Nanka Yudanshakai) Juve suits Cer ATS A, KARATE SUITSJuly 25—LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Regional Grade Limit Judo Tournament. Los Angeles. City College, 855 No. Ver: mont Ave. Contact’ Dan Powers, 773-1001. (Nanka Yudanshakai). ‘August 1965—LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Nisei Week Judo Tournament, Koy asan Temple Hall, 342 . 1st St Contact Dan Powers, 773-1001. (Nanka Yudanshakai). August 1965—LOS ANGELES, CALIF. 2nd Western States Grade Limit ‘Judo Tournament. Los Angeles College, 855 No. Vermont Ave. Con: tact Dan Powers, 773-1001, (Nar: ka Yudanshakaly. ‘Aug. 1-LONG BEACH, CALIF. 2nd In- ternational_Karate Championships. Long Beach Municipal Auditorium. Three weight classes, limited num bar of contestants from each school Contact Ed Parker, (213) 799-2305. 23;31—TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. 7th Mac: ‘¢abiah Games ("Jewish Olympics"), ‘Jude (Olymple weight classes) and ‘ather events open to Jewish athletes. ‘Contact Charles Lambur, Judo Chair man, Sports for Israel Committee, a7 w. liana St, New York 36, N. ‘Sept. 19— DAVENPORT, IOWA. Age Group. ‘& Senior Men's Open Judo Con- test. Contact Ken Brust, Davenport YMCA Phys. Dept. (Iowa AAU), ct. 1965-SAO PAULO, BRAZIL. Fourth World Judo Championships. {Inter- nationst Judo Fed.) Sept. 4.5—WASHINGTON, D.C. Shufu Yu ‘danshakai Eastern Invitational Judo ‘Tournament. Contact James Take ‘moti, 306 Lamond PL, Alexandria, Va, Oct. 10—LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Nan ka Yudanshakai Fall Judo. Promo ‘tional Contest. Los Angeles City College, 855 No, Vermont Ave. Con- tact Dan Powers, 773-1001. Oct, 23:24—PHILADELPHIA, PA. Shutu ‘Yudanshakai Fall Judo’ Promotional Contest. Contact James. Takemosi, 306 Lamond Pl., Alexandria, Va. Nov. 14—NEW YORK CITY, NY. Tenta ‘ive date, 6th Annual’ North-South Judo Contest, NY. Athletic Club, 180 Central Park So. Contact ‘Charles Lambur, OR 92868, (Shu- fu Yudanshakal). Nov. 21-LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Judo ‘Team Toumament.” Los Angeles ‘City College, 855 No. Vermont Ave, Contact Dan Powers, 773:1001. (Nanka Yudanshak BLACK BELT LIBRARY [Back issues of BLACK BELT Magazine are now accessibl to those who wish to complete a library. At present only the Hilustrated issues are in stock { Yor copies t $1.00 each | CHEGK ISSUES REQUESTED — 1 Voll, #30 #40 #60 Saar Sig" vol2, #10 #20 #30 #40 #50 #60 | Woia#10 #20 #30 40 #50 #60 Fate —__—apcore t BLACK BELT MAGAZINE, 5650 W. WASHINGTON BLVD.,MOVIES OF KENDO The Martial Arts Supplies Co. of Los Angeles, Calif., has just brought from Japan one of the finest motion pictures of the martial arts ever produced — “DEMONSTRATIONS OF SAMURAI ARTS." The world's top masters performed their traditional arts before the camera — KARATE — Special Fighting Forms performed by Master Nakayama, 8th-De- gree, Chief Instructor of the Japan Karate Assn. and free-sparring between JKA cham- pions Kanazawa and Enoeda; JUDO — Masters of the Kodokan, 8th and Sth-Degrees, | demonstrate seldom-seen KATAS and ancient styles of true ju-jutsu; AIKIDO — demon- strations by Masters Kisshomaru Uyeshiba; KENDO — Sword techniques shown by Kato and Hasegawa, 8th-Degrees; also, the ceremony of archery of KYUDO, JODO stick fight- ing, IALDO, the art of the naked blade, performed by 10th-Degree Master Shuzo Muto, and NAGINATA, women's combat with halberd-knives. Karate and aikido masters dem- onstrate practical self-defense. This is a truly professional production, spread against ‘a background of traditional Japanese court dancing and music. The producer, Osamu ‘Ozawa, a karate 5th-Degree of Japan Karate Association and former student of Gichin Funakoshi, was program director of MBS-TV in Osaka for nine years and is president of his own International Producing Co. He has been producing quality films in Japan for many years. 30 Minute, 16MM Sound... For rent, please send inquiry ‘to. Martial Arts Suppl les Company ae $200. £00 CompleteLetters to the Editor SCHOOL OFFERS GUIDELINES, FOR AVOIDING THE ‘KARATE CON MEN’ Re: the letter regarding the “ka- rate con men” in the May 1965 BLack BeLt. Because we are one of the most established schools in the country we are usually aware of most of the hap- penings in the Martial Arts. Our awareness of the operation of the Brooklyn and New York karate “con men” put us in close touch with state and local consumer protection agens cies for the promulgation of a set of standards by which prospective stu- dents may judge schools in the mar- tial arts field. Perhaps your readers may be in- terested in some of the salient poinis: 1. Find out how tong the school has been in existence; 2. Find out how many students it presently is instructing and how many have completed the course of instruc- tion; 3. Check necessary facilities, such as showers, lockers, cleanliness, prac- tice space, et.; 4. Get full information 08 tor's background; 5. Cheek if school is accredited by 2 Manial Arts organization; 6. Be sure you can take atleast one free tral lesson; 7. Are you allowed to be a spectator at all classes to observe teaching meth ‘eds and other factors which may infls- fence your decision to join? 8 Can you talk freely to present students to find out if they are sai- isfied? 9, Ave high pressure sales tech- niques employed? Generally, the consumer protection agencies have found that if a school fulfills at least the above specifications and a student has a sincere desire to learn he will be satisfied with the re- sults of his course and will have ac- complished what his objective had bees, We hope the foregoing outline will be of help to Brac Bt readers. For your additional information the enclosed copy of a letter is sim- ilar to one of many sent to all the students eft high and dry by the Grifters who exploited the Martial Arts in New York City. [The letter enclosed, addressed to a party in Brooklyn, was on the stationery of the State of New York Department of Law, Consumer Frauds Bureau, and was signed by Howard Tisch, Conf dential Legal Aide 10 Attorney Gen- eral Louis Lefkowitz, It referred 10 the party's comptaint against “Shorin Ryu Karate" and informed her that the balance of her contract with thas group would be honored by the Inter- national Schoo! of Self-Defense in Brooklyn}. At no additional cost four school offered its facilities and instruction to these students. Many accepted and completed their course. ‘A large number are still with us. Victor Harold, Pres. International Schools of Self-Defense Brooklyn, N.Y. A KUOSHU COLLEAGUE (OF TIM TACKETT want to congratulate you and your afl on the very well written article the May issue about my good friend ‘Tim Tackett [Kuoshu: Chinese Fist and Foot Fighting,” Btack Bret, May 1965}, Tim and I were Brother Black Belts under Mr. Chen while ia, ‘Taiwan. I have been working on a description of the activities at Mr. Chen's gym, but I'm glad to say that your article gave him as much credit as I could have, Peter D. Thacher New Orleans, La. Black Belt learned from Tim Tack- ett before this issue went 10 press that Mr. Chen had died on Taiwan of cancer at the age of 50. LEGITIMATE CLUBS SHOULD STICK TOGETHER Flashed through the May issue and 'm glad you put that article ia about the Deterioration of Ranking Sys: tems [Off the Mat"). 1 bet you get some beautr of letters from your readers; however if one of those 3- or G-month students ever played in strange dojo (club) they'd find out in a minute. Students with three years at our Samurai Dojo are only 3rd- Kyu Brown Belts. I have had a few who claimed to be Black Belters and (continued on page 62) Black Belt EDITOR: Robert Wells ‘MANAGING EDITOR: Paul Liguori ART DIRECTOR: Robert L. Williams PHOTO EDITOR: Oliver Pang HISTORIAN: William CC, Hu Fred Bleicher ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Dr. Philip J. Rasch, Bill Evans REGIONAL EDITORS: EAsTERN CANADA KeiTsumura Germany, Herbert Velte Korea Kim Byung Soo New Yorw ‘Mel Appelbaum Yucostavia Zarko Modric CARTOON EDITOR: Dave F.Enslow CIRCULATION MANAGER. B. DeNuzzo ADVERTISING DIRECTOR: Hi. Uyehara PUBLISHERS: M.Uychara James Uyehara Black Belt is published momibly by Black. Belt, Inc, 5650 West Washington Blvd, Los ‘Angeles, California 90016, Subscrip- tion rates in United States and Canada are: one year $5.00; two years $9.00; three years $12.00 (all other countries add. $1.00 per year for postage). The Publishers and editors will not be respon- sible for unsolicited material. Manuscripts tnd photographs must be accompanied by a stamped self-addressed. return en- Yelope. Printed in the United States by World Color Press, Inc, St. Louit, Mis-EDITORIAL Serenity “What's all this hokum,"" asked @ friend of ours, "about ‘mental and spiritual training’ in the martial arts. Just because you can kick a man's head off or throw him through the ‘ground that doesn't make you a hilosopher — so why say it does?” We used to have our doubts about this too, and we know that a lot of people in the arts now must have their doubts, but there is more to it than smashing bricks, throwing peo ple and learning how to fight. We told our friend about the psychologi cal rewards that the arts hold, and we told him a story. There is. of course, the advanced Zen state of No-Mindness (mushin) that can be attained through long Practice in the martial arts (“The Zen Unconscious — Highest Attain- ment of the Martial Arts.” BLACK BELT, April 1965). There is also the training in the mental power of i undergone by students of aikido. But the first pertains only to masters who are far into their art and the second pertains only to aikido. Other psychological rewards can be expe: rienced by the serious student of any of the arts, Perhaps without even realizing it fone undergoes character training from the time one first enters the dojo (martial arts gymnasium). Many youngsters, for instance, have never ‘stuck out any tough course of study bbecause they were never interested in what there was to learn — so they concluded they were not capable of learning anything difficult, The mar tial arts, however, do interest them, ‘and when they have attained some degree of mastery the self-confidence they acquire aids them in every part of their lives. Many others suffer through ineir lives with 2 crippling insecurity. Once they feel they can face the world 25 equals in case of physical attack they release immense reserves, of energy and confidence and get 2 running startin the pursuit of hap- pines. Younger people are always ad- ‘monished — by their elders —to re spect their elders, Unfortunately many times the elders don’t deserve respect and the youngsters’ eyes are net closed to this. In any properly-run dojo one learns to respect the sensei (instructor), first 2s a teacher then 3 a man. One earns one's position in the hierarchy and one accepts it, and this fittingin can relax cer- tain tensions and release confidence Probably, this is especially true in the kendo dojos where the discipline is most traditional, And one learns courage from the arts, “Grace under pressure’ Hemingway put it. How many judo or karate men, suffering the gut- chilling fear that everyone feels be- fore a contest, have sworn to them- selves that they couldn't go through with the match? Yet they go through anyway, and many times win. Learn- ing to face down fear on the mat helps one face it down anywher But.”” our friend protested, "A kid can get all this from any tough grammar school or hard contact sport. What's 30 special about the ans?” So we told him a story about se- renity — the Korean karatemen have a term for it: “pyongan” serenity. There was a certain Black Belt in Europe many years ago—a judo- man. since the other arts had not yet been “introduced —who was so far advanced in his art that he could throw opponents of lower rank at will, without any conscious effort of his body. There was absolutely no con: test between him and any opponent below Brown Belt rank, and it had been several years since he had seriously matched himself against a beginner. ‘One night he wes sipping a beer in a tavern when he was roughly tugged from behind. He turned and found himself facing a person much ‘smaller than himself, a wild-looking youngster who came up with a sharp knife and pressed it against his throat. "What's the big judoman gonna do now?" he sneered. “Take ‘out your money or I'll cut your throat ‘The judoman realized he should be alarmed, yet he wasn’t, He knew there was a risk, but he was confi dent that if he just made the decision, to do so he could snatch this per- son up and break his skinny bones inst the floor. He looked him in the eye — less than a White Belt be: ginner with nothing to recommend hhim but the knife, "Would you really kill me?” he asked. “1d love to” was the sneering reply. "'E don't think so! said the judo: man. “Let's see.” With that pressed into the knife firmly with ‘throat. The knifer fell back in alarm and with @ steady gaze the judoman stepped toward him, seeming te Push him back with his extended will Power. The knifer broke and ran out the daor. "Why didn’t you use judo: on him?” asked the bartender as the Black Belt returned to his beer. The judoman didn’t answer, but as he reached for the glass his hand Dean to shake. yorContents Tuly 1968, Vol. II, No.7 The story of ane of the major fighting systems of Oki awa, the island where ancient Chinese Kune-ju boxing was sransjormed into classical karate A KOREAN TIGER IN GERMANY. oa16 Korean Judo Champion Han He San went 1 Germany to seach hie °X-Form” throw, Results Germany placed third in judo in the 1904 Tokyo Glympte Games ‘Monks from China's Shao-in Monastery — supposedly ‘the bictiplace of berate — were suid in stories to have de- feated the “Fsitu invaders” from Tibet. Historians Wile liam Hu and Fred Bleicher dissect this story in search of ‘the enath TORONTO, TOKYO AND OLYMPUS.........30 Coach Frank Hatashita promised he's come tome from Tokyo in a rowboat if the Canadien Olympic Judo “Team” Doug Rodgers — didn't win a Silver Medal. He flew A KARATE MISSIONARY... seamed’ Buack BELt's Editor in. Yugoslavia interviews Tetsuji Murakami, the man who for 8 years kas been “lighting the fires of karate” across Europe and North Africa, ‘THE ESOTERIC PRINCIPLES OF JUDO.._..__.41 Translation of «scroll by the late judo master Henry Okazaki of Hawaii, in which he set forth the Buddhise Confucian elements whick he felt were essential tothe Philosophy of judo, THE MAN INSIDE THE LION........-..-... #4 Chinatown's oncessecret kungfu boring societies perform fon the streets every New Year— inside the ceremonial snood-tuck lion, DEPARTMENTS: Calendar ......... 4 Instructors! Profile 51 Letters 7 Toumament Results 53 Editorial 8 Buack Beur Directory. . ..57 Book Review 21 Rots_o" Ruck. .... 10.10.63 Biack BELT Times.50 Promotions ..........64 TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS: Karate 0.2... 52--28 Sudo... eee eee eee ed THIS MONTH'S COVER: One of Jeff Chan's young Chinese kung- Jus karate students performs in- Side the serene W hite Lion in Los Angeles? Chinatown. Story Page 44, Photography: Oliver Pang. (© (06h by BLAGK BELT, 1 GRAND OLD MAN OF JUDO “If you die tonight, learn something this morning.” The life and philosophy of America’s senior jx teacher rookie aatap a pop aoe pe aliens gee es nae woul kar nen Su-Wu teas a prisoner of the Mongols for 19 years. He prevailed by distilling within himself the es ince of ch’i (Life Energy) which is utilized by the ial arts — he would not bend the Mongols could nat kill him so they let him live ax @ goatherd. In this coming article and in others William C.C. Hu will examine the oriental back- grounds of the martial arts — Japanese feudalism and the samurai — Combat applications of Tai CWiLR wan — Bushido, the Code of the Warrior rolonging exercises of the i cl’in-Ch'- dag ap 1 Kin Rio) The nec of peychelogy ox Chinese warjare— plus many other articles on Asian subjects : Akl, RIGHTS RESERVED, REPRODUGTION WITHOUT PERMISSION 15 STRICTLY PROHIBITED.10 The emblem of Uschi-Ryu karate not a black pinwheel, but three white spheres revolving on a black background, signifying the three main Uschi katas (formal sett of Konei Uschi demonstrates Uschi-Ryu kata forms. The abject of the training is fo at- tain complete stability in every position. 1g in constant read from the Sel- info a guard position after an attempted ‘attack from a stick of pole. Should the at- focker try for the head the left hand can up ond should he try for the 1@ “saluting” hand could f with a chop. A combination from vse when surrounda nents: the Toft hand | 1 aside while the rig body from attacker | out of the way Usck into No. 2, The right into No. 3 and returThe Story of One of the Major Fighting Systems of Okinawa, the Island Where Ancient Chinese Kung-Fu Boxing was Transformed Into Clas- sical Karate yu Karate A man just back from ten years’ study in Southem China was crossing a narrow footbridge on Okinawa. A very big youth, one of a group of karate students, blocked his way. The man calmly announced that both could pass. ‘The youth challenged this and cager for a fight, he swung, Blocking the punch easily, Kanbum Uechi pushed him off the bridge with a double-arm thrust. ‘Now that karate has become a popular bridge between the orient and the West, this story seems symbolic of karate’s true meaning. Because the discipline itself is like the man who founded the style: It subdues the anger in oneself and it pushes the rash misusers off. Before he went to China in 1901 Kanbum Uschi loved a girl very much and hoped to marry her. His best friend also loved the girl and was able to steal her from him, Enraged, Kanbum went to China to study the best sys- tems of kung-fu so he could retum and kill his untrue friend. But during ten years in Fukien province, studying under three of the foremost kung-fu teachers, something happened — Kanbum discovered that his hate had been transferred to the study of karate — which had eliminated his hate. When he decided to return to Okinawa it was because he felt he had truly found himself — not to kill his untrue friend. ‘When the crowd at that Okinawan bridge — where karate students often bothered people for fun — saw what hhe had done, they rushed to him. Where had he studied? Je Seisan kata for by multiple oppo- shes opponent Nc protects the upper 3. Once No. I it ire @ right punch in then whip back eliminate No. 1. A portion of the Sansure-Roku kate, @ com- ination of two blocks. Tho right hand sponent's kick upward while 5 another to the side, The Weight ison the Back foo!—an aggres- sive position; when Uschi steps off this foot he will be moving foward his oppo- nents, closing in for punches and kicks. The Sanchin position. In the traditional ‘Chineso gung-tu (from which Usch! Karate le derived) the Beginner will apend three to six months merely stand- in ponitions like this, The teacher may some by surprise from any direction 10 push the student over. nKanbum Uschi, founder and first master of Uechi- Ryw karate and father of the present master. As a young man bent on vengeance for o disappointed love Kanbum went to Fukien to learn Chinese fight- ing. By the time he came home his first love hod me karate at the doje (gym) in Futenma, Okinawa. For @ long while Master Uschi leads @ class in @ kata ex: hey gained @ better under Americans were not intrested in Usehi-Ryu because of itz stress on kata, but a:Students, Okinawan and American, gather eutside the entrance 10 the Uschi dojo (karate gym) in the town of Futenma, Okinawa. What was his school? Many of the troublemakers atked hhim too, But to no avail. He didn’t want to teach — espe- ssially to such practical jokers, He had returned to find « job, marry and do the best he could for his family. But word of what happened on the bridge'got around, and Kanbum was questioned everywhere he went. Finally he relented and began teaching. Many of his first students were the practical jokers he encountered on that bridge in Naha, the capital of Oki Americans in UechiRyu ‘Although Uechi-ryu Karate is the most widely prac- ticed style on Okinawa, very few Americans studied it until a few years ago. This was partly due to the stress the school placed on the kata (formal exercises) and perfection of form in all movements. Another reason for the Americans’ general disinterest was that they all be- lieved Karate was to be a quick, easy way to learn how to fight; when all they did for the first few weeks was stepping, breathing and coordination exercises. most quickly left. The Okinawan students had learned about Karate from their parents and knew the study would re- ‘quire many years of patience and practice. This was the general attitude of American GI's on Okinawa until recently. Why master such little things as a spear-hand held exactly at a 45 degree angle, not 40 degrees or 48 degrees? Luckily, George Mattson, 3rd-Dan Black Belt and chief instructor of the Mattson Academy of Karate in Boston, Mass., became the protege of an English-speak- ing Okinawan teacher, Mr. Ryuko Tomoyose, who taught karate as a way of life as well as a study of self-defense, Sometimes, tired and discouraged after a gruelling work- out in the humid dojo, George would go to his teacher's home for tea, There, Mr. Tomoyose, in the spirit of calm that was part of his karate, would relate the history and anecdotes which gave meaning and purpose to the “strange move ments.” Little by little the significance behind the seem- ingly simple movements of the Uechi style became clearer and the typical American attitude of thinking “if I can’t understand it, it must not be any good” changed. With more flexibility and more confidence George un- derstood why Kanbum Ucchi had been so reluctant to teach what had taken him so-long to lear. There aren't any “ten easy lesson” plans for karate. And when George stopped looking for the wrong things he realized he could stand on his own feet — even if he still needed a teacher to mudge a foot position here and there. Now Americans training at the dojo have English- speaking instructors. These instructors not only teach them but give them a verbal introduction to the course and something of an idca of what lics ahead. Much more time is now being spent on the problems of new students understanding the discipline of karate. As a result, many more Americans are returning home as qualified teachers. The Master's Son ‘The man most responsible for this interest is Kanei Uechi, son of the school's founder. When Kanbum died in 1947 at the age of 79 Kanei, now a 9th-Dan Black Belt, took over the school. Since then the Uschi Association has grown to cight schools on Okinawa — with three at Naha, one each at Henoke, Kozo, Kadena, Machinato and Futenma, where the head dojo is located. Kanei Uechi, 53, has become one of the directors of the Oki- nawan Karate Association, which consists of all the rec- ognized systems of karate on Okinawa. Ucchi-ryu Karate is broken down into three spheres: physical art, self-defense, and sport. Over the past ten years the attitude of the Uechi Association has gradually Changed to accept some of the more popular Japanese innovations, such as competitive sparring. Before 1940 the closest anyone came to sparring was going through a pre-arranged sparring exercise. Today an important supplement to the training is the free style matches con- ducted after cach class, But although more emphasis has thus been given to karate as a sport, the heart of the Uechi style remains concentrated on physical art. ‘As with other oriental martial arts, the idea of studying for self-defense becomes less important as skill and con- fidence grows. When the student realizes he will not master the movements — or himself — until he performs ‘the movements for what meanings they themselves con- tain, the idea of the art of karate begins to assume @ con- trolling inf_uence on the student's training. Kanei Uechi’s motto “Nothing can be gained without hard work and BTo demonstrate the strength devel- oped in karate Okinawan instructor ‘Mr, Komeasu breaks a 2 x 2 inch length of wood over the outstretched arm of Ist-Dan Black Bell Robert inawa dojo wear 1g in contests so punches without an American stu- seores with a kidnay punch inst an Okinawan opponent.Perseverance” is consistent with the school's philosophy, Students are graded according to effort, sincerity, etiquette, self-control, character and form. ‘The Katas are deceptively simple. The movements are all circular and make the Ucchi style most adaptable — neutral if you like — to self-defense situations. The move- ‘ments leave the student uncommitted until the last pos- sible instant of a motion — and each of the basic move~ ments in the kata contains many possibilities for blocks and strikes, The Seisan Kata 1s the second of the three main Ratas that make up the Uechi style. Besides these three main ‘Karas there are five intermediate katas that are taught, consisting of movements from the main three. Seisan is taught to students who have been studying about 15 months, depending on the student's ability. This kara Prepares them for San-Sure-Roku, which is seldom shown publicly and is taught only to Black Belts. The three Aatas form a complete circle, The student begins his training with Sanchin and ends it with Sanchin. Sanchin is the Heart The heart of Uechi-ryu Karate is the Sanchin form, which means “Three Conflicts.” As the Uechi emblem indicates, the cight-fold path encloses the three moving spheres — those of earth, man and the universe, But the philosophical is also embodied in the physical. The spheres are connected by the flow of the inner circular move- ments. These same curves are used as guides for the basie ares of all blocks and to trace the steps of Sanchint, with its emphasis on an immovable enter of balance, Sanchin develops this immovable center of balance by a combination of physical balance (posture), and psy- chological balance (application of Zen). Sanchin com- bines meditation with motion. While performing move- ments that initially develop a healthy, strong bady able to withstand the rigorous mental-physical training, stu- dents soon master the movements toa degree where they do not have to think while performing them. Thus ran- dom thoughts can be warded off as the motions themselves become meditation. Having achieved a state in which thought is not needed to perform action, the student can face the third conflict — achievement of mind-body unity. In this state of ealm- ness, quietness and. void the student is filled with a deep understanding of the Self and the Non-Self. Thus a loss of one’s Ego, an accomplishment leading towards ulti- mate awareness, is fostered by Sanchin, One need only ook at Kanei Ueehi to see that this spirit and perception hhas bridged the gap of many centuries. When Kanei Uschi performs the Sanchin Kata one can see how his body appears to be relaxed, arid yet it is ex- tremely hard. The point below the navel, the center of balance, is where the force centers. The flow of force emanates unbroken to his fingertips which, if extended at full speed, could easily smash through a board. As he performs Sanchin, as advanced and highly developed as the years have made it, he is able to control every muscle of his body while moving in a smooth, graceful ‘manner. Experimentsin Armor With patience and unffinching control the karate disciple trains and is tested until he can continue a calm but fully tensed Sanchin while being kicked, punched or pushed, Prior to 1940 there was nothing in karate that could warrant being called a sport. Some of the masters began ‘experimenting with various kinds of protective equipment to protect the body from a blow, but nothing short of a suit of armor would work. Finally someone reasoned that if the Karate student's reflexes were keen enough to stop a blow wherever he desired, why couldn't he pull f punch or kick short of contact while sparring. Experi- ments were successful. Now students wear a light, padded chest protector and slight contact is made during sparring. ‘An interesting coincidence occurred last year when Yukiaki Yoki of Kobe, Japan, 2nd-Dan Black Belt of Goju-ryu Karate, visited Boston to study Uechi-ryu and to teach Goju-ryu at the Mattson Academy. The coinci- dence, as Yukiaki tells it, is that many years ago on Oki« nawa Kanbum Uechi studied Goju-ryu with Myagi Cho- yun, who later taught Yukiaki’s teacher, Mr. Seigo Tada. Now, 75 years later, students of Goju-ryu and Ucchi-rya once again mest to study together, Ying s Way of Karate,” schools in Ma: ick). Mattson authored the book “The and presently operates several karate users. 15Han Ho San, former All-Korea Judo Champ and now West Germany's top judo coach. “Han Ho San twrit- fen above right in Jopanese chara: Korean Mountain Tiger,” a name h he gots on the mal in @ contest. Hai the Korean Yudo Federation, has made himself wel- come and at home in Germany. Abave, he uses plastie- packaged German vegetables to make a traditiongl Kerean dinner for his hosts in Hannove: Girls” Class (den Amazonen") of the La Club. Opposite pogo, that won Han many Korean championships.- Korean Tiger in Germany by Herbert Velte “Dae Gi Man Seoung.” These are the Korean words of Han Ho San, Sth-Dan Black Belt, premier judo coach of West Germainy, trainer and instructor of Bronze Medal and Sil- ver Medal winners in the 1964 Olympic Games. They mean “You must take a long time to aceomplish. ‘great and good work.” This wisdom of Han Ho San applies to all West em judomen, not only to the Ger- mans, But why is master Han in Ger- many? Please let me explain for all our overseas readers. Several years ago we were seck- ing a top Far Easter judoman to come to Germany #3 a coach, Han Ho San’s successes were well known to us: he was Korean college cham- pion in 1957 and over-all judo champion of Korea in 1959, the same year he was named “‘Judoman of the Year,” a very great honor be- stowed by the Korean Sport Feder- ation, In 1961 he was picked for the Korean Judo Team and sent to the World Championships in Paris. ‘There Han Ho San was defeated by ex-World Champion Koji Sone of Japan only by decision (yusei gochi). He finished in fifth place and was proud of having done so well in his first venture in interna- tional competition. In. 1962 while he was in the army he was Military Judo Champion of Korea After some correspondence be- tween Germany and Korea, specti- cally between Han Ho San and the Korean Yudo Federation and the regional judo federation of the state of Hannover, in Niedersachsen, the great Korean champion Han Ho San came to Germany in August 1963. What Kind of Man? ‘We were happy to have this great judoman to train our champions for the Olympics, but we wondered what sort of man was coming into our midst. He made a very human impression when he arrived at the airport of Hannover-Langenhagen. To the questions of one of the Ger- ‘man judomen about his family, which was far away in Korea, he answered “Papa gutt, Mama gutt.” is fingers described the way of tears and he said “Three years will be 2 very long time to be away from home.” 7Before the German Olympic Jude Team went to Tokyo for the 1964 Games Han Ho San helped train Ki Glahn {left above), the German Openweight Olympian. When Glahn made his triumphal return in 5 ber after winni him at the airport,nts the “Han Ho San Olympic jadoman Matt Schiess- leder. German judomen got other kindly impressions of Han Ho San in the first days of his visit to Germany. All his German friends were calling him “Mister Han.” In such a case he always replied “I'm not Mister Han, I'm Herr Han, I'm living in Germany now so T must now eat bread in the morning and drink cof- fee.” After this human declaration we all knew that Han Ho San was a man like ourselves, and s0 he became our friend. and not only our teacher on the éaiami (judo mat). Han Ho San was born in Seoul, Korea, in 1939, The only child of well-known businessman, he went to primary school, to college and finally to the university. At the age of 22 he graduated from the uni- versity as an architect. He doesn't smoke and he doesn’t drink alcohol. His favorite dishes are rice (could it be anything else!) and cabbage. His weight is now about 195 and he stands 5 feet 9 inches tall. He speaks 1 Tittle English and only ten words ‘of German, His special judo throws are Tai Otoshi (the over-the-leg body drop) and Uchimata (the Groin Throw), and he has a great knowledge of modern karate and aikido. It is interesting to know that mas- ter Han Ho San was also invited by other countries, by France and 1 know by America too. I don't know why he prefers Germany —maybe because this country is cut into two pieces just like northern and south- em Korea, In Europe and in other Western countries he would normally be called Ho San Han, because Han is his family name. But in Korea and the other Eastern countries the fam- ily name stands in front, so— “Han Ho San.” I will write it as Han Ho San because he told me personally that that is his wish. Korean Mountain Tiger But there's a better reason than this: Han means “Korea,” Ho means “Tiger” and San means “Mountain” — together: “The Ko- ean Mountain Tiger.” And if you could sce this man in a match you ‘would know that he takes his name ‘very truly! He is trainer of the “Arbeits- gemeinschaft Hannoverscher Judo- ‘Yereine,” a friendly confederation of all the judo clubs of this great German town. Besides this he also teaches at all the judo clubs in sur- rounding cities and is the coach of the German National Judo Team. He also trained Klaus Glahn, the German Black Belt who went into the Open Weight judo competition of the 1964 Olympic Games (actu- ally the World Championships) and came home with a Bronze Medal He also helped in the ts Wolfgang Hofmann, Olympic mid- dleweight Silver Medalist. Alll these jobs are nothing new to the great Korean champion — in his own country he was a trainer of the Korean Olympic Judo Team and he held a particular position in the general training of all the Keo- ean judo clubs. For this reason he was entitled to wear blue stripes on his judo trousers. And the President of the Korean Judo Foundation called him his best judo teacher. In the gym and on the tarami “Hert” Han talks in his colorful oi ental languages, describing all his ‘raining methods with example, And he says always, the best way for the judoman is the long way. He 19