2018 7th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applcalions (TSSA) G-patch Dualband Printed Monopole Antenna for GPS and WLAN Application ‘Nani Daniati, Hardi Nusantara, Achmad Munir* ‘School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung, Indonesia “nnmir@ivee.org Absiract—This paper diseusses numerical design and experimental characterization of dualband printed monopole antenna With center Mequeney of 1.6GHz and 24GH2. The ‘antenna that takes a shape of G letter is proposed to avercame the special need of GPS and WLAN applieation. The antenna ‘which is fed by microstrip line extended from a center pin of S002 connector type has 2 distinct arms in different Tength arrangements {0 obtain the desiyed afferent resonant frequencies. After obtained the appropriate numerical design, the antenna is then deployed on an FRA-Epoxy dielectric substrate ‘with the dimension of SOmm x SOmm and the thickness of 1.62, From the measurement results, i€ shows that the characteristics of realized antenna have good agreements each other with the ‘numerical design. The realized antenna is able to operate af dual frequency bands where the working bandwidths for lower and higher frequency band are up to 220MHz and 1S0MFtz, respectively. Keywords-duatband; ‘printed antenna; WLAN Gpatch; GPS; monopole antenna; I. Dwrrepucrion In recent years, wireless communication that ustally uses hhigh speed data commmication such GPS (Global Positioning System) and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is putting a higher challenge to antenna designer to create smaller and high performance antenna. The antenna which has eapability to Iumdle more tha single frequency band is also being considered ns an important feature, since it can simplify antenna system for a single device with ability to connect to different networks. For this purpose, the microstrip patch antenna has been one of sofutions to be considered dic to its small dimension, light weight, low profile, easy and cheap fabrication. Futhemmore, the microstrip patch antenna sometimes can also be designed to have dual frequency bands response, Unfortunately, the dimension of antemia cannot be mde any shorter than half wavelength atthe desired operating Afequency. since the antenna only resonates at the patch length of the onder of half wavelength [1}-(3]. Moreover, some techniques emphasized for reducing the dimension of rijctostip patch antemna have been proposed aud developed by the antenna designer, such as by implementing short circuiting sivb, cutting slot at the ground plane and using substrate with higher dielectic constant [4}6]. The proposed techniques, however, sometimes have to be paid by sacrificing other important features, sich as gain and bandwidth [7] In this paper, therefore, to overcome the special need of GPS aud WLAN application, a G-patch printed monopole antenna with dual frequency bands capability for those applications is proposed. The monopole type of antenna is chosen due to its advantageous feature such as small, light in weight, nearly oumidirectional radiation pattem and ease of integration to the circuit board. The proposed antenna is designed to have center frequency of L.6GHiz and of 2.4GHz for GPS and WLAN application, respectively, An FR4-Epoxy dielectric substrate is applied for deploying the proposed antenna. While the basic parameters including reflection coefficient, VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio), gain, and radiation pattern are used for performance indicators boti in the design and realization. Moreover, the experimental characterization results for each parameter will be compared to the design results to evaluate the performance of realized proposed antenna, TE. DrsiGn oF DUALBAND PRINTED MONOPOLE ANTENNA Basically, a microstrip antenna with dual- and multiband capability developed fom single- and double-U-slot has been investigated [8]. In this development, the antenna is intended to have a bandwidth with some enhancement. Inspired from this shape of antenna, a G-patch printed monopole antenna is proposed with the additional feature in the dualband capability. Figure 1 illustrates the final design of proposed antenna. It comprises of 2 side deployed on an FR4Epoxy dielecttic substrate. The dimension, thickness, and tand of dielectric substrate are SOmm x 50mm, 1.6mm, and 0,002 respectively. The top side consists of rudisting element as the most important past which is fed by microstrip line extended from the center pin of 500 connector type. Besides a a feeding line, the microstrip line also serves as a4 transformer to match the impedance of radiating element and the connector. ‘The radiating element which is made of metal copper has 2 distin, ams in different length rangement yields a shape of G leter. The longer arm is designed to resonate at lower resonant frequency for GPS application, Le. 1.6GHz, whereas the shorter one is addressed to work at higher resonant frequency for WLAN application, ie. 2.4GHz. Futhennore in the botiom side, a ground plane iS printed only mder the microstrip line feeding network. The thickness of metal copper for G-patch radiating clement, as well as feeding line network and ground plane is 0.035mm. 978-1-4673-4550-7112$31,00 ©2018 IEEE. BI ‘Autorized licensed use lnted to: Rajamangaia Univ of Technology hanyabur proved by itl Dowrioaded on iy 19,2021 at 08:16:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restictons apply.2018 7th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, end Applications (TSSA) 50) 50 dy boitem side Fignre 1. Rough sketch of énfbans printed monopole anfemn (in am) In the numerical design, to obtain an accurate design, metal copper conductive losses for G-patch radiating element, feeding line network and ground plane as well as its dielectric substrate loss are accounted for. The geometry of design shown in Fig. 1 is obtained after conducting some parametrical studies to acquire the optimum dimension of arm length of G-patch, feeding line network and ground plane in order to have the antenna satisfied to the requirement, It should be noted that the metal copper is peeled off from the substrate in bottom side under the G-patch radiating clement. TIL. REALIZATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND DISCUSSION After obiained the appropriate numerical designed, the proposed antenna is then fabricated through wet etching technique. Figure 2 shows the pictures of realized printed monopole antena on an FR4- Epoxy dielectric substrate as prescribed in the numerical design To obtain the characteristics. of realized antenna especially the dualband. capability, the parameters are measured experimentally where the results will be verified and compared to the mmerical design results. The measured results for reflection cvetficient, VSWR, gain and radiation pattern are plotted in Figs. 3.6, repectively, in which the simulated results are depicted togetlier as comparison. rap (bottom side Figure 2. Picture of realized dualband ponted monopole antema From Figs3 and 4, although there are some slight differences occur at the frequency band higher than 2.1GHz, however, it seems that the characteristics of realized antenna for resonant frequency and VSWR lave good agreements qualitatively with the numerical design result, The results show that the proposed antenna can operate at 2 resonant frequencies, ie. around 1.6GHz and 2.4GHz, demonstrating the dual frequency band capability. 9 — simuated resut — Measired resut Reflection Coefficient, Si (48) 15 2 25 3 Frequency (GH2) Figure3. Measured and simulatedreaults for reflection cowcent 978-1-4673-4580-7/121831 00 62018 IEEE 238 ‘Autorized licensed use lnted to: Rajamangaia Univ of Technology hanyabur proved by itl Dowrioaded on iy 19,2021 at 08:16:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restictons apply.2018 7th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, end Applications (TSSA) 4 3 —srsassreae : =e B § 4 & i @ 2 3 d oe Frequency (GHz) Figure 4 Measured and simulated results for VSWR. Overall Gain (2B) & ‘Simulated resut Measured resut 18 2 25 3 Frequency (GH) igureS. Measured and sinters for overall in ‘The resonant frequencies of realized antenna for the lower ‘and higher frequency band are 164GHz and 246GH2, respectively. The resonant ffequency for the lower frequency band is shifted 40MHz higher than the simulated one, while for the higher frequency band is shifted 60MEz. This difference is rnpstly evoked by the assumed value of relative permittivity in the simulation that is bigger than of in the realization. In addition, the differences that occur at the frequency band higher than 2.1GHz are probably affected by the value of relative permittivity in the realization which has frequency- dependent, hence in the simulation was set to be frequency- independent, Therefore, the difference will be bigger for higher frequencies response. Furthermore, fiom Fig. 4, the working bandwidths of realized antenna for VSWR < 2 are 220MHz for lower frequency band and 150MHz for higher ficquency band. These results are also slightly different with the simulated result where the simulated working bandwidths for VSWR <2 are 190MHz for lower frequency band and 410MHz for higher frequency band. These differences are also addressed to the relative penmittvity of dieleewie substrate in the simulation and realization. Hence in Fig 5, although the overall gain of alized antenna is worse than the simulated one in some frequency responses due to the difference value of substrate dielectric loss used in the simmlation and the realization, 978-1-4073-4550-7/12/831 00 ©2018 IEEE however, the measured result has similar tendency as shown by the simulated one for all frequency responses. Here, the ‘measured gain is 0.434B at center of lower frequency band and 0.884B at center of higher frequency band. While the simulated result, the gain is 0.0SdB at center of lower frequency band and 1.31€B at center of higher frequency band. Figure 6 shows the measured radiation pattern for frequency of 1.6GHz and of 2.4GHz with the simulated results depicted together as comparison. Frou the results, it should be soted that both results are coincided each other qualitatively. It seems that the radiation pattem of proposed antenna has the characteristics that comply to omnidirectional pattera with no ‘major lobe and minor lobe. This is one of characteristic advantages of monopole antenna compared to the conventional microstrip antenna that has unidirectional radiation pattern. —sonuaten peut tess urec recut —Sinlated Rest (at 24ane Neasured Result Figue6. Measured aud simulated results for radiation pattem 239 ‘Autorized licensed use lnted to: Rajamangaia Univ of Technology hanyabur proved by itl Dowrioaded on iy 19,2021 at 08:16:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restictons apply.2018 7th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA) TV. Conciusion ‘The design and characterization of G-patch dualband printed monopole antenna for GPS and WLAN application has been investigated numerically and experimentally. The anteana that has been designed to work at around resonant frequency of 1.6GHz and of 2.4GHz has been realized using an FR4-Epoxy dielectric substrate with the dimension of SOmm x SOmm and. the thickness of 16mm. From the characterization results, it has been demonstrated that the proposed antenna has been able to show dual fiequency band capability required for the application. Although there were some slight different achievement between the mumerienl and experimental characterization in term of resonant frequencies, working ‘bandwidth, and overall gain due to the difference value of material properties used in the design and realization, ic relative permittivity and loss of dielectric substrate, however, in general the realized antenma has shown good agreements qualitatively with the design results REFERENCES (1) 3. Janes and PS. Hall, Hndbook of Miooxip Antennas, London PeierBereprines, 1989, 2] Gay, P. Bhartas, 1 Bsbl and A Mipiboon, Micrstip Antena Design Handbook Norwood Artech Hones, 2001 (3) 4. D. Krms and R. 1 Mrhedka, Antouns forall appicnons, rc ceiton. New York: Me. Gra Hil, 2002 [A] ROM. Vast, De SF Farida, De PV. Bunagind, “A. shored rectangular microstrip antenna vit slots m grove plane”. 1E() Jounal ET, vol 7, ful 2006 [5] W. Gest, Q Row, SAK, and D. Wang, “Himdset antenna design Practice aud teary, Progess Ia Electromagnetics Reseach, PIER. 60, pp. 123-160,2008, [6]. P. Kum, G. singh, “Microstrip antennas loaded with shorting post Published online in Sees (ap eu SAP orp joursal eng). Sees, ia. 2000, [7]. HE ivi and D-Wesping, A novel printed monopole satsnns for dal ‘bid WLAN application. Inttite Conminiations Engncering of PLA, University of Science ax Tecnology, Nang, 2008 (8). R Bhla and L Shata ‘Resonance behavionr of single U slot and dust slot antenna," IEEE Anteunas and Propagation Society Intemational ‘Smpoatum,vel 2, pp 700-703, 2001 978-1-4673.4550-1/121831.00 €2018 IEEE 240 ‘Autorized licensed use lnted to: Rajamangaia Univ of Technology hanyabur proved by itl Dowrioaded on iy 19,2021 at 08:16:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restictons apply.