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IT Key Concepts
IT Key Concepts
Computer
The term “Computer” was derived from a
word “Compute” which means “calculate”.
Hardware
Software User
Hardware
Includes all physical components.
Ex. Monitor, keyboard, etc
Software
Set of Programs
System :
General purpose, used to operate the computer
hardware.
Designed to interact with the hardware directly.
Ex. Operating System, device drivers etc.
Application :
Have a specific user application.
Interacts with the hardware with help of an Operating
System.
Ex. Tally
Operating System ?
An operating system is a software that
acts as an interface between the user and
the computer hardware. It is an
integrated set of specialized programs
used to manage overall resources and
operations of the computer
Software Licensing
Proprietary
Off the shelf
OEM
Freeware
Open Source
Paper License
SaaS
General Structure of a Computer System
Working of a Computer System
Numbers – Binary
CPU Peripherals
Input
Output
Storage
Examples :
Input : Keyboard, Mouse, Barcode, RFID, OMR, OCR, MICR etc.
Output : Monitors, Printers etc
Types of Printers :
Impact – Dot Matrix
Non Impact – Laser, Inkjet
RFID
OMR
OCR
MICR
QR Code
Memory / Storage
RAM
ROM
Cache
Virtual
Secondary storage devices :
Harddisk, CDs , Pendrives, Magnetic Tapes, DAT
drives, SAN etc.