DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

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√ (x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2

EQUATION OF LOCUS
______________
PA = √ (x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2
______________
PB = √ (x – x2)2 + (y – y2)2

PA = PB
______________ ______________
√ (x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2 = √ (x – x2)2 + (y – y2)2

Q.1 A point moves so that it is always equidistant from (1, 4) and (3, -2). Find the equation of a locus.

PA = PB
_____________ _____________
√ (x – 1) + (y – 4) = √ (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2
2 2

(x - 1)2 + (y - 4)2 = √ (x - 3)2 + (y + 2)2 Squiring both sides

(x2 - 2x + 1) + (y2 - 8y + 16) = (x2 - 6x + 9) + (y2 + 4y + 4) (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 8y + 16 = x2 - 6x + 9 + y2 + 4y + 4 (a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
- 2x - 8y + 17 = - 6x + 4y + 13
- 2x - 8y + 17 + 6x - 4y – 13 = 0
4x – 12y + 4 = 0
x – 3y + 1 = 0

Q.2 Answer:
x2 + y2 -18x -2y +42 = 0

TO PLOT THE LOCUS OR GRAPH OF AN EQUATION

EQUATION OF A STRAIGHT LINE

y 2− y 1
m=
x 2−x 1

y 2− y 1
y – y1 = (x – x1)
x 2−x 1

y = mx + c

GENERAL EQUATION OF A STRAIGHT LINE

A C
Ax = - x-
B B
C A
Intercept on y-axis is - and slope is -
B B