AGRICULTURE REPORT - Do-It-Yourself: Growing Tomatoes

Broadcast date: 3-17-2009 / Written by Jerilyn Watson

From http://www.unsv.com/voanews/specialenglish/

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

Today we talk about tomatoes.

Tomatoes are generally easy to grow. Experts at the University of

Illinois Extension suggest you start seeds indoors if the ground is still
cold. For best results with the least risk, they say, plant when the soil
is warm, soon after the frost-free date for your area.

Be prepared to cover early plantings during the night if there is still a

risk of freeze. Black plastic mulch can help keep them warm. Better to
wait until the soil is warm to use organic mulch.

When transplanting, use starter fertilizer.

Tomatoes
Small plants called dwarfs may be placed a third of a meter apart in
rows. If you grow staked plants, set the sticks in the ground about half a meter apart. Some larger
varieties of tomatoes may need about a meter between plants and at least a meter and a half
between rows. The idea is to leave enough space for harvesting.

Work the soil to remove weeds. But do not work the soil too deeply or you could damage the tomato
plants.

Water the plants regularly during long dry periods. Give them plenty of water. Plants in containers
may need water daily or even more than once a day.

Some gardeners train tomato plants to grow on cages or trellises. Whatever you choose, make sure
the supports are tall enough. Most modern tomato plants grow about a meter tall. Others reach
almost two meters.

Experts at Purdue University Extension in Indiana say tomatoes started from seed take forty-five to
ninety days till harvest. The average air temperature should be about twenty-four degrees Celsius. In
that case, you can pick the tomatoes when they are firm and fully colored. But if the weather is very
hot, pick the tomatoes every day or two. Let them soften and develop their full color indoors.

There was a time when people thought tomatoes were poisonous. In fact, they are just the opposite.
Tomatoes are good for you. But are they a fruit or a vegetable?

Technically, a tomato is a fruit -- the fruit of the tomato plant. As the experts at AskOxford.com
explain: "True fruits are developed from the ovary in the base of the flower, and contain the seeds of
the plant (though cultivated forms may be seedless)." But some fruits, including tomatoes, may be
called "vegetables" because they are used in savory foods instead of sweet cooking. Got that?

And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. For more advice
about growing vegetables, go to www.unsv.com. I'm Bob Doughty.