Fig 2,4 Pin Diagram of PIC16F877A

LCD DISPLAY : A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically

modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals
do not emit light directly, instead using a backlight or reflector to produce images in color or
monochrome. LCDs are available to display arbitrary images (as in a general-purpose computer
display) or fixed images with low information content, which can be displayed or hidden, such as
preset words, digits, and 7-segment displays, as in a digital clock. They use the same basic technology,
except that arbitrary images are made up of a large number of small pixels, while other displays have
larger elements. Liquid crystal display (LCD) has material which combines the properties of both
liquid and crystals. They have a temperature range within which the molecules are almost as mobile
as they would be in a liquid, but are grouped together in an order form similar to a crystal.
A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each
character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data.
The command register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction
given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position,
controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the
ASCII value of the character to be displayed on the LCD.

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