ceeereererreecerrercererererrrererrrererrrerererereecce ( ACCEPTED INDUSTRY PRACTICES FOR SHEET METAL LAGGING FIRST EDITION — JULY 2002 ‘SMRENA) SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS’ NATIONAL. ASSOCIATION LING. 201 Laf Chantilly, vA 20151. 1209ACCEPTED INDUSTRY PRACTICES FOR SHEET METAL LAGGING COPYRIGHT©2002 Al Rights Reserved by SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS’ NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, INC. 4201 Lafayette Center Drive Chantilly, VA 20151-1209 Printed in the U.S.A. FIRST EDITION - JULY, 2002 Except as allowed in the Notice to Users and in certain licensing contracts, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrievable system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.Ccececeeececececeeerererrercererrererreeerrcercecrcece FOREWORD Thisfirsteditionof Accepted Industry Practices for Sheet Metal Lagging is intended for use by contractors, fabricators, and designers of heating equipment and industrial process facilities. Due to high equipment operating temperatures, such equipment often requires the application of thermal insulation which, in turn, is covered, or lagged, with metallic oor plastic material systems. The main purpose of the metallic or plastic coveringiisto protect the more fragile insulating ‘material from both the effects of weather and the destructive action of normal traffic or other forms of damage in an industrial setting. ‘The Lagging Task Force was formed to collect, review, organize and publish accepted industrial practices forthe ap- plication of sheet metal lagging materials to industrial duct, pipe, tanks, boilers, furnaces and other appurtenances. This document isthe result of that effort SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS’ NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, INC. SHH ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition iiLAGGING TASK FORCE Michae! Daugharty, Chairman Robert J. Williams, PLE MechOne, Inc Du-Mont Company Colorado Springs, Colorado Peoria, Ilinois Chris Blaich Central Industrial Sheet Metal Works Kansas City, Missouri Mark Hill ‘TweetGarot Mechanical Green Bay, Wisconsin GA. Navas, Staff Liaison SMACNA, Inc. Chantilly, Virginia CONSULTANTS Douglas S. Bano Simon J. Scott DSB Marketing Group, N.A Scott Consulting Services, Inc. Granville, Ohio Westerville, Ohio Gary J. Bases BRIL, Inc. Copley, Ohioececeececereoeerceceeecereeeerreeeeeceeceeeerercree NOTICE TO USERS. OF THIS PUBLICATION 1. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES 8) The Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association (“SMACNA™) provides its product for informational purposes. ) The product contains “Data” which is believed by SMACNA to be accurate and correct but the data, including all information, ideas and expressions therein, is provided strictly “AS IS", with al faults. SMACNA makes no warranty either express or implied regarding the Data and SMACNA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ©) By using the data contained in the product user accepts the Data “AS IS” and assumes all risk of loss, harm or injury that my result from its use. User acknowledges that the Data is complex, subject to faults and requires verification by competent professionals, and that modification of parts ofthe Data by user may impact the results or other pats of the Data. 4) INNO EVENT SHALL SMACNA BE LIABLE TO USER, OR ANY OTHER PERSON, FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OUT OF OR RELATED TO USER'S USE OF ‘SMACNA’S PRODUCT OR MODIFICATION OF DATA THEREIN. This imitation of liability applies even if SMACNA has been advised of the possibility of such damages. IN NO EVENT SHALL SMACNA'S LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY USER FOR ACCESS TO SMACNA'S PRODUCT OR $1,000.00, WHICHEVER IS GREATER, REGARDLESS OF LEGAL ‘THEORY. «) User by its use of SMACNA’s product acknowledges and accepts the foregoing limitation of liability and disclaimer of warranty and agrees to indemnity and hold harmless SMACNA from and against all injuries, claims, loss or damage arising, directly or ind rectly, out of user's access to or use of SMACNA's product or the Data contained therein, 2. ACCEPTANCE ‘This document or plication is prepared for voluntary acceptance and use within the limitations of application defined herein, and ‘otherwise as those adopting itor applying itdeem appropriate. Itis nota safety standard. Its application fora specific project iscontin- ‘gent ona designer or other authority defining aspecificuse. SMACNA hasno poster or authority to police or enforce compliance with the contents o this document or publication and ithas no roe in any representations by other partes that specific components are, in fact, in compliance with 3. AMENDMENTS “The Association may, from time to time, issue formal interpretations o interim amendments, which can be of significance between successive editions 4, PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS: 'SMACNA encourages technological development inthe interest ofmproving the industry forthe public benefit, SMACNA doesnot, however, endorse individual manufacturers or products. 5. FORMAL INTERPRETATION 48) formal interpretation of the literal text herein or the intent of the technical committee or task force associated withthe document ‘or publication is obtainable only on the basis of written petition, addressed tothe Technical Resources Department and sent to the ‘Association's national office in Chantilly, Virginia. Inthe event that the petitioner has a substantive disagreement with the iterpreta- tion, an appeal may be fled with the Technical Resources Committee, which has technical oversight responsibility. The request must ‘pertain ta specifically identified portion of the document that does not involve published text which provides the requested informa- tion, In considering such requests, the Association will not review or judge products or components ss being in compliance withthe ‘document or publication. Oral and written interpretations otherwise obtained from anyone affiliated with the Association are unofi- ‘ial This procedure does not prevent any committee or task force chairman, member of the committe or task Fore, or staff liaison from expressing an opinion on a provision within the document, provided that sich person clearly states that the opinion is personal and does not represent an official at ofthe Association in any way, and it should not be relied on as such. The Board of Directors of 'SMACNA shall have final authority for ioterpretation of this standard with such rules or procedures as they may adopt for processing 'b) SMACNA disclaims any liability for any personal injury, property damage, or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory direc or indirectly resulting fromthe publication, use of, or reliance upon this docu ment. SMACNA makes no guaranty or warranty a to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, 6. APPLICATION 4) Any standards contained in this publication were developed using reliable engincering principles and research plus consultation ‘wih, and information obtained from, manufacturers, users, testing laboratories, and others having specialized experience. They are sina ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging - First Edition vsubject to revisionas futher experience and investigation may show is necessary or desirable, Construction and products which com- with these Standards will not necessarily be acceptable if, when examined and tested, they are found to have other features which impair the result contemplated by these requirements. The Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association and ‘other contributors assume no responsibility and accept no liability fo the application of the principles or techniques contained in this publication. Authorities considering adoption of any standards contained herein should review al federal, ‘regulations applicable to specifi installations. ») In issuing and making this document available, SMACNA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on ‘behalf of any person or entity. SMACNA is fot undertaking to perform ary duty owed to any person or entity to someone else. Any ‘person or organization using this document should rely on his, her or its own judgement or, as appropriate seck the advice of aconpe- {ent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstance. 7. REPRINT PERMISSION 'Non-exclusive, royalty-free permission is granted to government and private scctor specifying authorities to reproduce only any ‘construction details found herein in ther specifications and contract drawings prepared for eceipt of bids on new construction and ‘renovation work within the United States and its eritories, provided thatthe material copied is unaltered in substance and that the ‘eproducer assumes all liability for the specific application, including erors in reproduction. 8. THESMACNA LOGO. ‘The SMACNA logo is registered as a membership identification mark. The Association prescribes acceptable use ofthe logo and expressly forbids the use of itt represent anything ther than possession of membership. Possession of membership and use of the {ogo in no way constitutes or reflects SMACNA approval of any product, method, or component. Furthermore, compliance of any ‘sch item with standards published or recognized by SMACNA is not indicated by presence of the logo, Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition signaTABLE OF CONTENTS ) ) ) II 33I3I9I9I9I39IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III IIDceoacrececceroncerrcerrererrrerocreceeronenecocac { ( FOREWORD LAGGING TASK FORCE . NOTICE TO USERS OF THIS PUBLICATION . TABLE OF CONTENTS ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS... aan CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. INTRODUCTION .. 1.2 SCOPE 13 USES 1.4 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS . 1.5 PURPOSE ‘ 1.6 OVERVIEW . . 1.7 COMMON LAGGING MATERIALS = CHAPTER2 MATERIALS 2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 2.2 LAGGING SUPPORT SYSTEMS (STRUCTURAL) 23 EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION .. 24 JOINT & EDGE SEALING .. 2.5 NOISE AND SOUND CONTROL 26 FLAT SHEET VS. BOX RIB . 27 WEIGHT... CHAPTER 3 ACCEPTED INDUSTRY PRACTICES FOR SHEET METAL LAGGING 3.1 INTRODUCTION 92 GENERAL APPLICATION TECHNIQUES 33 LEGEND foes 3.4 LOCKS AND SEAMS . ssserevesvses 3.5 TANKS (SHELLS AND HEADS) ‘ 3.6 ROUND AND RECTANGULAR FLUE AND DUCT . 3.7 PENETRATIONS .... 3.8 JOINTS AND SEALS 3.9 FLASHING .. weed 3.10 DOORS AND OPENINGS - 3.11 PRE-INSULATED LAGGING PANELS ..... 3.12 BUCKSTAYS € 3.13 SPECIALTIES .......0.6000+ ‘sige ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition iv vii 1 14 1 14 14 12 12 24 22 2.15 215 2.18 2.18 2.20 34 34 32 34 37 att 3.20 3.23 3.28 341 3.49 3.52 357CHAPTER 4 GLOSSARY .. INDEX . vill 41 42 43 44 GUIDE SPECIFICATION INTRODUCTION ........2000ccceeee wes “ 44 DRAWINGS ..... Scere . 44 SEISMIC RESTRAINT PROVISIONS oe . 44 GUIDE SPECIFICATION ... sear 4a Ga Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition eeecececrrececeronorernnrreccercerncenraoreroconorocrt C ( ( TABLES 1-1 Galvanized Steel Gages, Thickness and Weights . 1-2 Stainless Steel Gages, Thickness and Weights. 1-3 Aluminum Thickness and Weights .....-..20.+5 s 2-1 Typical Wind Loading vs. Support Spacing for Sheet Metal Lagging .. 2-2 Area Weight of Lagging ay ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 13 14 16 2.12 2.20FIGURES: 2-1 Example of an H-Bar System sssesvr reese ue 28 2-2 Example of a Z~Bar System .. ‘ cette 2b 2-3 Example of a Stud and Drive Plate system stomemmemncsnnmnrianencuse B6i 2-4 Example of a Pin and Sub-Girt System 27 2-5 Single Span Lagging Support . 29 2-6 Double Span Lagging Support ... cos 21t 2-7 “Hat Bar" or “Hat Channel” Sub-Girt uemesasetas mane 213, 2-8 Typical Sheet Metal Screw .......-..6.cccsecceeeseeeeeees . 2.14 2-9 Acoustical Insulation and Lagging System ..... 2417 2-10 Types of Ribbed Lagging ¢ 219 341 Legend .......... we 8S 3-2 Locks and Seams .... 35 3-3 Tank (Shell & Head) 38 3-4 Tank Head 39 3-5 Round Duct 312 3-6 Rectangular Duct 3.13 3-7 Round Tee ce 314 3+8 Round Tee (continued). eee 3.15 3-9 Round Elbow WOME as ict crnceneencemenneccevernne BE 3-10 Round Elbow (continued) . . ns 317 3-11 Square to Round Transition wagie Sor RReTeNN wage 3.18 3-12 Square to Round Transton (continued) . 3.19 3-13 Penetration with Horizontal Movement . 321 3-14 Boxed Opening . 3.22 3-15 Lap and Butt Joints . 3.24 3-16 Expansion Joint, Non-Metallic ........ 3.25 3-17 Fabric Expansion Joint xen 3.26 3-18 Weatherproof Metal Expansion Joint 3.27 3-19 Commer Closure on Rectangular Surface 3.29 3-20 Comer Closure on Curved Surface .... 3.90 3-21 Comer Construction ........ cee 3st 3-22 Vertical Inside Corner Construction . 3.32 3-23 Comer Construction at Horizontal Overlap . 3.93 3-24 Comer Construction at Vertical Outside ... a - 334 3-25 Comer Construction at Vertical inside ......... yawmeasesmes BBB ‘3-26 Horizontal to Vertical inside Comer ce 3.36 3-27 Vertical Outside COMer .......ssessessseseseesseeeeterteeeetereneees 887 3-28 Drip Detail .......... a OPAL 3.38 3-29 Flashing at Slope . 3.99 7 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging + First Edition Shiacocercecneoccocrrncercncaccerecreceenneceecacocnt ( FIGURES (continued) 3-30 Flashing at Stiffener av 3-31 Sootblower and Small Pipe Protrusions 8-82 Test Pott ......ceseeseees 3-33 Access Door . 3-34 Covered Access Door .......sesesseeese 3-35 Header Box . 3-36 Louver 3-37 Access Door In Legaing « 3-38 Pre-Insulated Panel System ..... 2 3-39 Sloped Top Surface and Vertical Pre-Insulated od Lagging Panels. 3-40 Lagging Construction Over Buckstays 3-41 Plan View at Corners of Buckstays .. 3-42 Vertical Buckstay with Lagging Cover 3-43 Horizontal Buckstay with Lagging Cover 3-44 Lagging at Hopper 3-45 Hopper Outlet Flange Detai Sepa ‘Accepted industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging - First Edition 3.40 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.50 351 3.56 3.59THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition SieteCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ) ) ) 2909909093899 909909 3999999909090 I9990090I099I90I0I9999corcerrorcoreroererccertecererrecerercnneceonreonondt CHAPTER 1 4.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 SCOPE ‘This document contains accepted practices forthe fab- rication and installation of sheet metal lagging. This document serves to establish standard methods to fab- ricate and install sheet metal lagging systems. This document does not provide designs nor does it address safety issues. ‘While itis not practical to include every conceivable lagging detail, most common situations are addressed. As in the case of all design, construction and installa- tion procedures, proper engineering judgment must be exercised in conjunction with the specific engineering and detail information being furnished by the designer. 13 USES Lagging is used to cover and protect insulated areas of ‘equipment. Fabrication practices are provided herein to illustrate the requirements of the configurations most commonly encountered such as boiler walls, flues, ducts, precipitators, bag houses, selective cata- lytic reduction systems, air heaters, ¢conomizers, serubbers, wind boxes, fans, ete. and to provide suffi- cient examples that reflect industry practices for lag- ging design and application. Although standardized ‘components of any given lagging design may berepre- sentative of industry practices, the lagging system it- self shall be individually designed for the particular installation, its configurations and its operating re- ‘quirements. 1.4 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 1.4.1 Glossary See the Glossary for a complete list of terms and defi- nitions related to sheet metal lagging. 1.4.2 Selected Terms and Definitions 1.4.2.1 Lagging ‘A sheet material, typically steel or aluminum, used to cover a variety of types of insulation. Sheet metal lag- ging ranges in thickness from 20 gage (1.01 mm) to 16 gage (1.61 mm) for galvanized steel and 0.032 in (0.81 mm) to 0.063 in. (1.60 mm) for aluminum, and INTRODUCTION ‘generally doesnot include a vapor barrier. Both ribbed and flat sheets are used. Thinner or thicker materials may be selected at the discretion ofthe specifier. All sheet metal lagging shall be sufficient strong and du- rable to protect the underlying materials forthe design life of the logging 1.4.2.2 Cladding ‘An ambiguous and arcane term also sometimes used to describe sheet materials that cover insulation. In the sheet metal industry, “cladding” has traditionally re- ferred to a protective metallic coating installed over, ‘or bonded directly to, thermal insulation. This is pri- ‘marily with applications involving round industrial duct. ‘A.1999 SMACNA survey of members revealed multi- ple and potentially confusing uses of terms that varied by region. For the purposes ofthis document, the term “eladding” will not be employed, and in the interests ‘of unifying the industry's terminology, “lagging” will ‘be used exclusively in this and future SMACNA publi- cations 1.4.23 Jacketing ‘A light gage covering material (usually over pipe in- ‘ulation. Jacketing refers toa steel or aluminum sheet and ranges in thickness from 0.010 inch (0.26 mm) to 0.024 inch (0.61 mm) thick. A factory-applied mois- ture barrier is usually included on the back or under- side of the jacketing material 1.4.24 Casing Ifthe thickness ofthe steel covering material is greater than 16 gage (1.61 mm), itis not considered lagging but is referred to as “casing”. 1.5 PURPOSE “The purpose of this document is to establish accepted industry practices for sheet metal lagging construction and installation. Lagging, as previously defined, i the ‘material, typically steel or aluminum, ribbed or flat, used fo cover insulation especially on large flat sur= faces such as boiler walls, flues, ducts, precipitators, bag houses, selective catalytic reduction systems, air heaters, economizers, scrubbers, wind boxes, fans, ete. SmEIA ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging + First Edition 141.6 OVERVIEW Lagging is applied over insulated areas so as to present true plane, stiffened and fastened on adequate centers to prevent excessive deflection or “oil canning” when heated or cooled. Expansion and contraction requite- ‘ments represent a major consideration in lagging de- sign. Necessary provisions for expansion and contrac- tion must be provided to maintain a neat and proper appearance when in service, Lagging installations on outdoor equipment shall be constructed t0 provide weatherproof construction, ‘complete with proper flashing, slopes. gutters and seals to provide water run-off without leakage, pond- ing or accumulation. Overlaps and other flashing de- tails hall take into account the direction of water flow, for example, see Figures 3-5 and 3-6. Gutters, if re- 4uired, shall be in accordance with SMACNA rchi- tectural Sheet Metal Manual, 5* Edition, 1993, which was the current edition at the time this document was Published, Subsequent editions of the SMACNA Ar- ‘chitectural Sheet Metal Manual shall take precedence as they are published. Alternative methods of sealing, including welding, soldering or caulking may be spe- cified by the designer after considering the effects of temperature, including expansion and contraction of the system, and the presence of moisture and humidity. Attachments shall be spaced in set patterns both verti- cally and horizontally to present a uniform appear- ance. They shall be located so as to prevent rattling or “oil canning” due to expansion or vibration. Attach- ‘ments shall be spaced per the manufacturer's wind loading specifications All installation details shall be in accordance with ap- plicable manufacturer's specifications. 1.7 COMMON LAGGING MATERIALS Included are notes regarding material characteris and other related information that should be consid- cred in selecting sheet metal for lagging installations. For galvanized steel sheet data, sce Table 1-1; for stainless steel, see Table 1-2 and for aluminum, see Table 1-3, While there is a wide range of materials that can be used for sheet metal lagging, the materials most com- monly used are: galvanized steel, stainless steel and aluminum. This section contains tables listing stan- dard gages, thickness and weights ofthe materialscov- cred by this document. 12 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging - First Edition setacocneerecococcoocercecceererceerrrnecnerecoor act ‘Thickness, inches Nominal Weight ‘Thickness, millimeters Gage | Nom Max Min Thin? kg/m? Nom Max Min 30 [oo | oo | ons | 06s | 321 | 040 | 048 | 032 29} o017 | omo | oos | 072 | 351 | om | 032 | 036 ae [oor [oon [oo | o7 | 382 | 048 | 056 | 0.0 a7 [0020 | 0033 [oo | oas | 412 | ost | 059 | 043 36 To022 | oms [oo | os | 443 | oss | 003 | a7 35_| 002s oo22 | 1.03 | 30% | 063 | 078 | oss 24 _| 0.028 oom [iis | sa | 070 | 080 | 060 23 0081 0027 | 128 | 625 | 078 | oa8 | 068 [oom [00s | 0030 | rar | 66 | oas | 095 | 075 arf 00s” | oon [0033 | isa | 7a7_| 093 | 1.03 | ons 20 [00% | oom | 0036 [166 | sos | tor | it | om 79 [00% [oos1 [oon | 19 | 931 | 16 | 129 | 103 is | 0052 [0057 oos7 | 216 | 1053 | 131 | 144 | 18 17 [0038 | 0063 o0ss | 241 | an7e | 146 | 159 | 133 16 | o0st | 0070 | oase | 266 | 1296 | Lor | 176 | 146 15 [oo | 0077 [ooss | 297 | 1409 | 180 | 195 | 1.65 is [0079 | o0e7 [0071 | 328 | 16m | 199 | 220 | 178 B 0.093, 0.101 0.085 3.91 19.06, 237 2.58 2.16 2 fotos fon7 [ooo | 453 | 2213 | 275 | 298 | 252 ui [013 [o1s2 [ona | sie | 2517 | 303 | 290 10 [ors [017 [ois | 57% | 2ear | 3si_| 374 | 328 9 0.153 0.162 0.144 64L 31.27 3.89 412 3.66 3 [ores [oir [ois | 703 | 431 | 427 | 450 | 408 Table 1-1 Galvanized Steel Gages, Thickness and Weights NorEs: a. Nominal weights listed in this table are based on 41.82 Ib/ft per in. of thickness, or 502 Ib/ft* (8041 kg/m). It ‘conforms tothat information which is published by steel suppliers and is sufficiently accurate for estimating gravi ty loads, b.. This table is based on the thickness tolerances specified by ASTM for 48 in (1.2 m) and 60 in. (1.5 m) wide coil and sheet stock. Different tolerances may apply to other sheet widths and stip. cc. Thesteel producing industry recommends that stee! be ordered by decimal thickness. Thickness and zine coating class can be stenciled on the sheet. The gage designation is retained for residual familiarity reference only. . Per ASTM A90/A90M Standard Test Method for Weight (Mass) of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zine or Zinc Alloy Coatings, G60 coating has 0.60 o2/f° (183 gm?) of zine (triple spot test), total fortwo sides.0.60 ‘oz f2 (183 g/m?) of zine equals a total thickness of 0.001 in, (0.025 mm). G90 coating is 0.90 o2/ft? (275 g/m?) (riple spot test), oF 0.0015 in (0.039 mm). Magnetic gage measurement of zine coating may have 15% error. ce. Foradditional information on the general requirements for metallic-coated steel sheet of commercial quality (CQ) or lock-forming quality (LFQ), see the following standards: ASTM A924/A924M General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process, and ASTM A633/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet. Zinc- Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron-Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process. shige Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 13‘Thickness, inches Nominal Weight | Thickness, millimeters Gage |" Nom | Max [Min | tht? [ kg/m? [Nom [ Max | Min 30 | oors [001s [oon | os3_ | 256 | 032 | 037 | 027 29 | oo | 0016 [0012 | 059 | 2.88 oat 031 28_[ 0016 [0018 [0018 [066 | 320 04s 27_| 0.017 [0.020 [001s [072 | 352, O52 26 | o0r9 | 0.022 [0016 [079 | 3.84 056 25 | 0.022 [0.025 | 0.019 [092 | 4.48 0.64 24 [0035 | 0.028 | 0.022 [1.05] 5.12, 0.72 23 | 0028 [0032 [002s [118 | 5.76 O81 2 | 00s | 0.035 [0027 [131 ar 0.90. 21_| 0.034 [0.038 [0.030 | 144 | 7.08 097 20_ | 0038 | 0.08 [0038 [138 | 7.68 1.05) 19 | 0.045 |0.049_| 0.039 | 184 | _8.97 124 Is | 0.050 | 0055_|o0as | 2.10 | 1025 140 17_| 0056 [0.061 | 0.051 | 236 | 1133 156 16_| 0.063_|0.069_|0.0s7 | 263 { 12.81 | 139 | 174] 148 15 | 0070 [0.076 | 0.064 | 295 | iaat_[ 129 | 1.98 | 168 140078 | 008s | o071 [328 | i601 [198 | 216 | 1.80 13 | 0.094 | 0.102 [0.0% [394 | 1921 [238 | 238 | 218 2 [0109 [ons | 0.100 | 459 | 2241 | 278 | 298 | 255 | 0125 | 0.135_| 01s | 5.25 | 2561 | 318 | 343] 2.93 to [ort [0.153 [0.129 [sor | aasi | 337 | 387 | 327 9 [0186 [0170 | 01a | 656 [3202 | 397 | 433] 361 Sor [016 | 01ss | 72 [3522 | 437 | 473] 401 NOTES, ‘4 The nominal weight listed above is based on the 300 series weight of 41,99 Ib/ft? per in. of thickness, oF 504 Ibift? (8074 kg/m*), In comparison to the weight of other stainless steel alloys, this is conservative and may be used to estimate gravity loads for all stainless s This table is based on the thickness tolerances specified by ASTM for 48 in, (1.2 m) wide coil and sheet stock ‘The same tolerances are applicable for widths up to and including 72 in. (1.82 m), €. For general application information and corrosion data, consult the AISI Design Guidelines for the Selection and Table 1-2 Stainless Steel Gages, Thickness and Weights Use of Stainless Steels. 4, Finishes may be specified for one or more sides: No. No. No. No. No. No. No, No. €. For additional information on the general requirements of flat-rolled stainless steel sheet and plate, see ASTM ‘A480/A480M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat Resisting I Finish: 2D Finish: 2B Finish: 3 Finish: 4 Finish: 6 Finish: 7 Finish 8 Finish: Hot-rolled, annealed and de-sealed Annealed, de-scaled and dull cold-rolled Annealed, de-scaled and bright cold-rolled Intermediate polish (100 grit) General purpose polish (150 grit) Dull satin finish, Tampico brushed High luster polish (320 grit) Mirror polish (electro-polish) ‘Swel Plate, Sheet and Strip Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition sea cel types covered by this document.cececcceccocecececcerceecrreceerereecereeconocat ‘Nominal Weight ‘Thickness, millimeters ‘Nom tome | kgm? | Nom | Max | Min 0.016 023 ui_[ oa [ o4s [037 0.020 o29 | 139 | ost | 056 | 046 0.028 os [| 167 | oo | 066 | 056 (0.025 036 | 174 | 068 | 069 | 058 (0.032, oa6 | 223 | or [ ose | 075 0,040) os7 | 279 | 102 [| 10 | 093 o.0s0 | 00st | 0087 | o7 | 348 a | 136 [| 18 0.063, (0.067 0060 | oo | 439 | 160 | 10 | ISI 0.080 | 0.085 007 | Lid s7_[ 203 | 215 [tot 0.090 | 0.095 0.086, 12s [| 627 | 229 | 240 | 217 0.100 | 0.106 | 0.095 1a3_[| 697 | 254 | 268 | 240 os | O31 0.120) us| 87 | 3a8 | 331 3.08 NOTES: Table 1-3 Aluminum Thickness and Weights a. The nominal weight listed in this table is based on 14.258 Ib? per in. of thickness or 171.1 Ib/f* (2741 kg/m’), It conforms to that published by suppliers and is sufficiently accurate for estimating gravity loads. b. Thistable is based on the thickness tolerances specified in ANSI Standard H35.2 Dimensional Tolerances for A ¢. For additional inform: m1 on the general requirements of flat-rolled aluminum and aluminum alloy sheet and plate, see ASTM B209/B209M Standard Specification for Aluninum and Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate. mea Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 15THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition ‘sigeCHAPTER 2 MATERIALS ) ) ) 333I9I9I9I9I9I9II9IIIIIGBIIIIIIIGBIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIISecccerceeccceccecerccceecerecececeereceorrcenoreocet ‘CHAPTER 2 24 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS ‘The designer shall consider the effects of the total op- crating environment, including the atmospheric con- ditions to which the lagging system is exposed (either indoors or outdoors), and the operating environment inside the system. Such considerations may include temperature, humidity, rain, wind, sunlight (UV), snow loads, hail, traffic, accidental damage, mainte- nance practices, fugitive emissions, utilities electrical service, etc.) and other design issues, Long term “emissivity” performance is very important ‘when calculating the design of thermal insulation sys- tems, Sheet metal lagging will dull or fade over time, ‘generally causing the emissivity value to increase, re- sulting in increased heat loss. Applying the correct ‘emissivity factorscan greatly affect the outcome of the thermal calculation as well as the thickness of insula tion that is required. Using the wrong emissivity value can result in an insulation system that is too costly or, conversely, inadequate for the installation. It ean also have an adverse effect upon the lagging itself by creat- ing hot spots. Emissivity may affect the temperature- dependent performance of the operating equipment. ‘This document does not address the design issues re- lated to emissivity. Designers and specifiers are strongly urged to recognize the effect ofthis important property on lagging thermal performance. They should consult authoritative sources such as ASTM C (680-89 (Re-approved 1995), Standard Practice for Determination of Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Pipe and Equipment Sys- tems by the Use of a Computer Program for assistance in analyzing emissivity performance. 24.1 Storage The finish on both aluminum and stee! is susceptible to atmospheric contamination and attack. Particular precautions must be taken during the handling and storage of aluminum and steel lagging materials. in coastal applications it has been found that even with inside storage, contamination and discoloration can ‘occur between sheets when laid flat. The sheets shall be routinely inspected, and, if condensation is found, the lagging sheets shall be separated and ventilated, In ‘extreme cases conditioned storage may be necessary. Always follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding storage and handling. MATERIALS: Precautions to be taken shall include: Storing the material inside. b. Elevating the material above the floor to allow air circulation and to isolate from water or other sources of corrosion om the ground. . Placing bundled ribbed and flat sheets onend ‘or edge and coil material on end. 4. Material shall not be tightly sealed with cov- crs such as plastic. This tends to create a sweating” condition, which can produce ox- ide damage. While some ventilation is al- ways necessary, conditioned storage (both temperature and humidity contro) is recom- mended when an uncontrolled storage envi- ronment is likely to result in damage to the stored materials, 2.1.2 Corrosion Resistant Lagging Materials. ‘There are three types of corrosion resistant metallic sheet commonly used for lagging, They are galvanized steel, stainless stee! and aluminum, Other specialized ‘materials may be used, particularly plastic materials, when the operating temperatures allow it. 2.1.2.1 Steel (Galvanized) Galvanized steel is available in plain form or pre~ treated for painting. Galvanized isa term used to de~ seribe steel sheets coated with a sacrificial layer of zinc. Galvanized lagging sheet has a shiny-flaked “spangle” appearance when it has been hot dipped, or has either a dull or bright but uniform appearance ‘when manufactured by electrode deposition. Lagging that is treated for painting will have a weathered ap- pearance or be actually painted with a primer coat All galvanized lagging sheet, whether ribbed or flat, shall be commercial quality galvanized stee! and shall conform to specification ASTM A924 for a commer- cial zine coating of 0.90 oz/ft? (275 wm”), 24.22 Steel (Stainless) Stainless steel roof or siding materials shall be stain- less steel Type 304. All exposed surfaces shall have a 2B finish. The temper shall be such that the stainless steel material shall bend flat on itself without cracking. Shag Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 2a21.23 Aluminum Unless otherwise specified the exposed surface of alu- ‘minum lagging sheet shall have a stucco-embossed finish. Ribbed type roof or siding material shall be 3004 alloy clad with 7072 alley. The temper for ribbed stucco em- bossed lagging is H-174. The core material shall con- form to ASTM B209. Flat sheet shall be aluminum, stucco embossed, clad with 3003 alloy. The temper for ‘embossed flat shall be H-154. The core material shall conform to ASTM B209. Where aluminum lagging comes in direet contact with dissimilar metals, itis necessary to paint or otherwise physically separate the aluminum from all non-alum ‘num surfaces. An insulating material suitable for ser- vice in accordance with applicable design consider- ations shall be used to prevent electrolytic corrosion caused by galvanie action 22 LAGGING SUPPORT SYSTEMS. (STRUCTURAL) Lagging is attached toa support or structural system by ‘means of fasteners. In order to choose which lagging ‘support or structural system to use, designers must first examine the area to be insulated and note the size and Patter of any existing stiffeners. The designer is responsible for ensuring thatthe lag- ging and support system design considers critical is- sues such as consistent pattern (rib direction), water drainage (for outdoor applications), foot traffic, and other external loads suchas snow. Additionally, the de- sirability of an aesthetically pleasing installation should always be a major design consideration, Paragraphs 2.2.1 through 2.2.4 represent the most ‘commonly used support systems for flat or large diam- eter surface areas’ 22.1 H-Bar System This system is a pre-fabricated support mechanism. ‘The shaped steel channel is manufactured much like the continuous gutters used in the housing industry. The shaped steel channels re formed out of flat mate- rials into the shape of a channel. Two channels are combined to form an “H”-shaped steel channel that then attached to the external surface of the stiffeners and forms a “picture frame” that the insulation “sits” into, The lagging is then attached to this framework ith screws, see Figure 2-1. To better understand the descriptions, symbols and other graphic conventions used in all following drawings, users ofthis document should refer to the “Legend” in Chapter 3. 22 ‘Accepted industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition Borat)cococerecneconacaoccccoencececcecererteceenonranootat _ EXISTING STIFFENER H-BAR & — PLAN VIEW WITHOUT LAGGING RIBBED LAGGING SIDE VIEW WITH LAGGING NOTE: ALTERNATELY, WHEN FASTENING BOX RIB LAGGING ON EXPOSED TOPS, FASTENERS MAY BE DRIVEN THROUGH HIGH RIB TO AVOID WATER INFILTRATION AT LOW POINTS. Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging - First Edition 232.2.2 Z-Bar System 2.2.3 Knurled Stud and Drive Plates with Sub-Girt System This system supports the lagging independently from the insulation supports. The studs are knurled at one end and are attached to the insulated plate atthe other end. Drive plates are driven onto the knurled end of the stud by use of mallet orhammer. A steel sub-girt,typ- ically a3 inch (75 mm) wide 18-gage (1.31 mm) chan- neloor hat channel, is serewed onto the drive pate. Lag- ging is then attached to the sub-girt, see Figure 2-3 —— _z-cuP NOTE: ALTERNATELY, WHEN FASTENING BOX RIB LAGGING ON EXPOSED TOPS, FASTENERS MAY BE DRIVEN THROUGH HIGH RIB TO AVOID WATER INFILTRATION AT LOW POINTS. FIGURE 2-2 EXAMPLE OF A Z-BAR SYSTEM 24 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition aecocteccerrncocerrceeeccencerecrercronerneennecceeat DRIVE PLATE ——=— FIGURE 2-3 EXAMPLE OF A STUD AND DRIVE PLATE SYSTEM ra Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging + First Edition 252.2.4 Insulation Pins and Sub-Girt System ‘This system generally utilizes #10 insulation pins and 4 perforated sub-girt or hat channel to which the lag- ging is attached. Insulation pins are laid out on 6-inch (150 mm) horizontal spacing so the lagging will have 26 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition sige sufficient support with the design being based on the lagging manufacturer's. wind-loading span recom- mendations. After the insulation has been installed (impaled) over the insulation pins, a sub-girt channel is installed by using an insulation speed clip. The lag ging is then screwed onto the sub-girt, see Figure 2-4.cecocececccocrreercrecncececcecrecerecerneroceotts SUBGIRT washer LAGGING PIN EXPANDED METAL LATH FIGURE 2-4 EXAMPLE OF A PIN AND SUB-GIRT SYSTEM shea Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 272.2.5 Panel Support Spans ‘The terms “single span” and“ double span” commonly appear in manuals and catalogs published by lagging ‘manufacturers. These documents contain lagging charts, as well as manufacturer's product speci tions based on single and double span requirements ‘While manufacturer's publications assume that their readers understand what is meant by a single span and double span lagging support, in the interest of clarity the following discussion in Paragraphs 2.2.5.1 and 2.2.5.2 is provided. 2.2.5.1 Single Span A single span lagging support requirement is defined as the maximum spacing allowed between the top and bottom horizontal support or attachment of a lagging sheet, see Figure 2-5. This distance may not exceed the manufacturer's maximum recommended support spacing for a single span, as published in their wind loading charts. See typical wind loading vs. support spacing data in Table 2-1, 28 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition simscocecocececcceertcaonreccerceececreretecotce ccce ( A: DISTANCE MAY VARY BASED ON LAGGING LENGTH. DISTANCE MUST BE LESS THAN HALF THE MAXIMUM WIND LOAD SPAN B: MAXIMUM WIND LOAD SPAN FIGURE 2-5 SINGLE SPAN LAGGING SUPPORT Sha Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 2922.5.2 Double Span Figure 2-6. This distance may not exceed the manufac turer's maximum recommended support spacing for A double span lagging support requirement is defined ‘double span, as published in their wind loading charts. as the maximum spacing allowed between the hori- See typical wind loading vs. support spacing data in zontal supports when three supports are required, see Table 2 2.10 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging + First Edition Sigecececcectccecceceocrereerrceerereceeeecoct ce cece ( oon? A: DISTANCE MAY VARY BASED ON LAGGING LENGTH. DISTANCE MUST BE LESS THAN HALF THE MAXIMUM WIND LOAD SPAN B: MAXIMUM WIND LOAD SPAN FIGURE 2-6 DOUBLE SPAN LAGGING SUPPORT Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 2m2.2.8.3 Sub-Girts ‘When laying out sub-girts, do not exceed the maxi- ‘mum allowable spacing recommended by lagging ‘manufacturers. See typical support and wind loading ‘Sub-girts are placed at intermediate locations to sup- data listed in Table 2-1. port lagging dead loads and the wind loading require- ‘ments of the installation, see Figure 2-7. ‘Steel, ribbed Bombe | s40ibite | +S01bm2 | +60 Ibn Wind Loading | (146 kg/m?) | (195 kg/m?) | (244 kg/m?) | (292 kg/m?) Span Single Single Single Single 20 gage [7h-Gin. [6h8in. [6fOin. [Sf-6in. Gormm [23m |2om usm farm Weage [8f-6in. |7h-6in [6f-Bin. [6R-—in a3imm 26m |23m___|@om __|asm Aluminum, 4 in, (100 mm) wide ribs ‘Wind +30 Ibi +40 Ibi? +50 Ib/ft> +60 Ib/ft Loading (146 kg/m?) (195 kg/m?) (244 kg/m?) (292 kg/m?) Span | Single | Double | Single [ Double Double | Single | Double ‘0032in. [6 f-Sin. |7A-M in. |5H-10in. [7A-2in 6h8in, [Sttin. [6R1 in 81mm) {0.9m |24m) [asm [22m 20m [asm [asm Thin. [Sf-Sin. [6R-9in, 22m) [a6m |20m TH-8in, [5f-10in. |7 8 in, 23m [asm [23m 0.040in. [6f-10in. [8 f-6in. [6f-3in. [7 A-Bin (02mm) {2.1m |26m) {0.9m [23m 0.050in. [7i-4in. [9f1in. [6N-Bin. [8 f-3in. 27mm) 122m) [28m [20m _|25m Table 2-1 Typical Wind Loading vs. Support Spacing For Sheet Metal Lagging NOTE: For more information consult lagging manufacturers’ technical literature and product publications. 242 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition senseceececeeecererercereeeecereereererceeeeeeereecee € ( r CHANNEL SUBGIRT HAT SUBGIRT FIGURE 2-7 “HAT BAR” OR “HAT CHANNEL” SUB-GIRT Sma ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition 2132.2.6 Pre-Insulated Lagging Panel System This system consists of a shop fabricated, field fabri- cated or otherwise pre-manufactured lagging pane! lined on the backside with insulation, This insulated lagging panel or sheet will then attach directly to the ‘outside of the stiffeners orto a sub-system made from angle iron or hat sections, The lagging panels have their own built in attachment system so that they ean easily be attached by use of fas- teners to the support system. Built-in attachment sys- tems may vary by pancl manufacturer but the concept will always remain the same. For additional details, reference Figure 3-38. 2.2.7 Fasteners Lagging is attached to a support orstructural system by the use of fasteners. Fasteners that are used to attach lagging shall be stainless steel screws, either self-tap- ping or self-drilling, with a metal washer that protects neoprene gasket, see Figure 2-8, Sheet metal screws shall be appliedat least on every other rib, irrespective of the lagging material involved. METALWASHER ———| NOTE: When fastening box rib lagging on exposed tops, fasteners may alternately be driven through the high rib to avoid water infiltration at low points. ‘On flat sheets, sheet metal screws shall be applied at no greater than 2 ft (610 mm) horizontal by 3 ft (915 ‘mm) vertical centers. Good engineering practice shall prevail in the use of screws. Excessive numbers of fas- tenersare costly and detract from appearance. Lagging screws are installed properly when they are tured down (screwed) tight against the lagging. A lagging screw is considered “loose” when the fingers can move either the head of the serew or the washer. ‘The choice of fasteners isan integral part ofthe design process. Fastener performance can affect lagging sys- {em performance. The method of securing or fastening lagging to any component is dependent on the design of the surface area to be covered. For appearance and system performance purposes, it is preferable to use only one type of fastening system in any given area. ‘Special attention must be paid to the minimum support span and whether it has single or double support spat ing. Inany event, haphazard substitution of alternative types of fasteners shall be avoided. Fasteners also play an important role inthe ability ofthe system to expand and contract (See section 2.3), NEOPRENE GASKET FIGURE 2-8 TYPICAL SHEET METAL SCREW 214 ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition Shapececerrerrererececererecererceeecereeecereeererece 23 EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION Lagging shall be applied over insulated areas so as to present a true plane. Lagging is stiffened and fastened at short spacings to prevent excessive deflection or “oil canning” when hot or cold. Expansion and con- traction requirements represent a major issue in lag ‘ging design. Necessary provisions for the expansion and contraction of the lagging system must be pro- vided to maintain aneat and proper design when inser- vvice. Expansion and contraction are a function of tem- perature. As the temperature of both the surface to be insulated and the lagging increases, so does the amount of expansion and subsequent contraction upon ‘eool down. The higher the temperatures encountered, the more attention must be given to the design of the lagging attachment system. Experience has shown that, for hot surfaces approach- ing 350°F (177°C), the lagging expansion and contrac tion isnot always absorbed by expansion joints, ands, therefore, distributed through the lagging support sys- temeomprising the box rib, the standing seam between flat lagging sheets and the flashing. Each component ‘of the system reacts to some portion of the expansion and contraction. The expansion and contraction i dis- tributed through the support system (angle iron, stud, pin, ot H, L or Z-type sub-girt). Thermal expansion and contraction is an important operating issue, and shall always be understood and considered when the lagging system is designed. When using an H, LorZ-type lagging support system, it is important to use short spans with a maximum length of 10 (3m) wherever possible. This allows he expansion and contraction to be adsorbed within each short support assembly. A gap shall be left between the sub-girt or other assemblies equal to the amount of ex- pansion expected in that direction. In no case shall the short seetions ofthe sub-girt or assembly be welded to- gether, as this will inhibit the expansion and contrac tion ofthe lagging. When studs, angle iron, or pins are used to hold the lagging support system, itisthe ability of these components to deform that will contribute to absorbing and distributing the expansion and contrac tion of the lagging system Flashing will always take up some of the expansion and contraction, Care shall be taken to incorporate suf- ficient clearance at the comers, edges and between long vertical sections where two or more sheets are butted together. Refer to the drawings in Chapter 3 for specific section details and examples of proper flash- ing methods and applications. Expansion joints are typically located in the flues and ducts to take up the expansion and contraction of the equipment being lagged. The lagging over the expan- sion joints shall be designed so as to provide move- ‘meni equal to the expansion of the joint covered. 24 JOINT & EDGE SEALING ‘Sealing the lagging system by welding, soldering, or ‘caulking must not restrict or hinder the expansion or contraction of the lagging. The materials used for welding, soldering, or caulking must be consistent with the temperatures to be encountered as well as the ‘expected expansion and contraction of the system. Open fluted ends such as found on the lower end of all ribbed lagging installed on sloped top surfaces of out- ddoorareas or areas exposed to weather conditions must be closed with neoprene closure strips 10 establish @ ‘weather seal. Lagging overlaps shall be approximately 3 t04 in. (75, to 100 mm), and in the direction of drainage. The over- lap of ribbed lagging may in some cases exceed 4 in. (100 mm) based on the rib size and repeat. The pitch for drainage shall beat least in/ft(21 mm/m),except where clearances or other design or installation con- jdderations require a lesser pitch. All hanger rods, pipes and other items penetrating the roof or other exposed areas shall be provided with cov- explates, boots, hoods or flashing (made from the same type of metal as the lagging). They will be of substan- tial construction to prevent water from penetrating ino the insulation and to ensure that none of the insula tion is visible. Provisions shall be made to allow for any relative movement between the lagging and hanger rods, pipes or other items penetrating the lag- ing. Sealing by welding, soldering, or caulking is permissi bie consistent with temperature limitations and ex- pected expansion and contraction of the materials. 2.5 NOISE AND SOUND CONTROL ‘There are various types of noise control systems and ‘ number of accepted ways to reduce sound levels. Lagging isan integral part of one such method forre- ducing noise called the Acoustical Insulation and Lag- sing System (AI&L), Lagging playsa very important part in the reduction of sound. Stee! lagging can reduce the sound 3 dB more ‘than aluminum lagging because stee! has greater mass ‘than aluminum. Borat Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition 245‘The particular type of noise problem may also dictate ‘what type of lagging will be used. For example: ifthe noise is a low frequency (a rumble type noise) than a lagging with heavy mass like galvanized steel may best be used. Ifthe noise is a high frequency problem (example: a “hissing” or higher pitched “whining” noise) then a lighter mass and thinner material such as aluminum lagging may be used. Special care shall be taken to render acoustic lagging installations as air- tight as possible since even mimute openings are capa- ble of transmitting great amounts of sound energy. Fans can have a very high blade speed and may pro- duce high frequency noise levels that can be as loud as 105 decibels (dB). In order to reduce sound levels, a silencer can be added and special acoustic sound in- sulation and lagging system can be specified. AI&L. systems are employed by acoustical engineers to re- ‘duce sound transmission. AL&L systems are individu ally designed for the specific situation associated with each installation, see Figure 2-9. 216 ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition any2417 FIGURE 2-9 ACOUSTICAL INSULATION AND LAGGING SYSTEM Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition 3, ACOUSTICALLY ABSORPTIVE (INSULATION) MATERIAL 4. FLEXIBLE BARRIERS, IF REQUIRED: 5. RETAINER MESH 1. STEEL OR ALUMINUM OUTER COVER 6. WASHERS: 2. WELD PINS s ) ) ) 2ZOIVIVIZIIIIIIIIIIVIIIIIIIIVIIIIIIVIIIIIIVIIIIIIVI‘The AI&L system utilizes an air space between the acoustic insulation and the fan housing. A sub-girt sys- ‘temanda wire mesh are applied over the existing stfT- ‘eners to provide an air space. Then, ether a pre-insu- lated panel system, or conventionally built up system. ‘combining an impervious flexible membrane with in- sulation and flat lagging (stee! or aluminum) is at- tached over the air space. Alternately, acoustic sound panels are pre-fabricated in the shop or field and at- tached toa structure that is built around the noise pro- ducing equipment such as fans. When properly de- signed and installed this type of system can reduce the noise toa generally acceptable and safe level of 85 4B, see Figure 3-38 26 FLAT SHEET VS. BOX RIB Generally speaking box rib lagging shall be used wher- ever possible in licu of flat sheet because it absorbs the expansion and contraction of the sub-girts to which it is attached, as well as the expansion of the lagging it self Flat sheet isusefil for flashing, round surfaces, el- liptical or irregular surfaces such as drumheads and for areas where space prohibits the use of ribbed lagging, Rib lagging can be manufactured and cut toalmost any desirable length. Flat lagging comes in long coils orin flat sheets up to ten feet in length. The metals used for rib and flat lagging differ greatly. Therefore, flat lag ging can be bent more easily than rib lagging. Flat lagging requires more handling, cutting and prep- Ping than ribbed lagging. However, itis not just the material handling difficulties or differences that makes rib lagging preferred over flat lagging. ‘There are other important reasons for using rib versus flat lagging such as: a. Theribs or boxes of box rib lagging ad in the absorption of expansion and contraction. ~b. Use of flat sheets requites a manufactured standing seam and is therefore more labor in- tensive. Ribbed lagging is less laborintensive ‘when compared to flat lagging. Rib lagging is much easier to work with when ‘covering large flat areas. The ribs help to give the material strength and rigidity, which ises- pecially helpful where foot traffie may occur. 4. Ontop surfaces that are exposedto the weath- er, the profile of rib lagging will help prevent ‘water from ponding or siting. Ponding water fon any lagging surface (rib or fat) will even- tually corrode the lagging system and dam- age the insulation undemeath. €. Rib lagging is more aesthetically pleasing on large flat areas or round sections than flat sheet. Ribs help break up the surface areas and the installation presents a more orderly appearance from a distance. f. “Foiling” occurs when flat lagging is used Which i too thin or of insufficient rigidity for the installation. Distortion ofthe lagging sur- face produces the unsightly appearance of crinkled aluminum foil, hence the term. 2.48 Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition aeecceeccooncnoccncerrconrerneeerrecnorencenenereceac en en en TYPE “A” ROOF DECK - GALVANIZED STEEL J LF WL a TYPE “B” ROOF DECK - GALVANIZED STEEL TYPE “F” ROOF DECK - GALVANIZED STEEL SLN\SLNSSI NYLONS \V-BEAM ROOFING AND SIDING - ALUMINUM 4" PITCH ROOFING AND SIDING - ALUMINUM FIGURE 2-10 TYPES OF RIBBED LAGGING Bay Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging First Edition 2192.7 WEIGHT ging isneeded to both correctly calculate the structural steel design and for crane sizing when lifting pre- It is very important to take into consideration the lagged equipment into place, see Figure 2-10 and ‘weight of lagging systems. The installed weight of lag Table 2-2. Galvanized Steel ‘Aluminum Lagging 18Gage | 0.032in | -0.040in | 0.050in ‘Type (1.31 mm) i) 233 ie | 3.08 Toe Roof Deck | (11.4 kg/m?) | (15.0 ke/m?) Dative | 3.18 Tone Roof Deck | (11.8 kg/m?) | (15.5 kg/m?) Type "F” | 216 ib | 2.85 Ihe Roof Deck | (10.5 kg/m*) | (13.9 kg/m?) 166 iWin? | 2.16 Ine (8.1 kg/m?) | (10.5 ke/m?) (0.584 Tb? ] 0.722 twit ] 0.903 1bvA 2.8 kg/m?) | B.Skgim?) | 44 kg/m?) 0.575 titi? | 0.718 Ibi? (2.8 kg/m?) | (3.5 kg/m?) 0.463 Ivf? | 0.564 Ib? | 0.717 Ibn? | 0.904 Ibn? (2.3 kgm?) | (2.7 kg/m?) | (3.5 kg/m?) | (4.4 kg/m?) Table 2-2 Area Weight of Lagging 2.20 ‘Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition aToecceceocconncocnrcrcacenncnoorrcecnnrnecnerereocde CHAPTER 3 ACCEPTED INDUSTRY PRACTICES FOR SHEET METAL LAGGINGcoceccrrcececeaccercecencnnrererccnneeronnoaroondc'e CHAPTER 3 ACCEPTED INDUSTRY PRACTICES FOR SHEET METAL LAGGING 3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter contains those features of lagging system fabrication for which there exist common established practices that, based on field experience, have been ac~ cepted as having a proven track record of satisfactory Users should assume that in the fabrication and instal- lation of lagging systems covered by this document, construction techniques not listed or described herein, should be approved by Owner or his representative prior to actual fabrication. Conversely, any techniques herein deseribed ean be considered satisfactory under this document and used direct. ‘The drawings in Chapter 3 are provided to illustrate standard methods and configurations that may be use ful to designers, specifiers and installers. It should be pointed out that not every conceivable situation is, or ‘can be, shown by these drawings. When these practic- ‘es.are followed, they help finished installations to pro- Vide durable and robust performance with anattractive appearance. 3.2 GENERAL APPLICATION TECHNIQUES Inmost cases, erection of lagging immediately follows the installation of insulation. On exterior install itis imperative thatthe insulation shal be covered at the earliest possible time before materials become wet or damaged. Generally, the success or failure of a lagging installa tion depends on the effective setup of the job, the soundness of the preparatory work and the ability of the shop crew to keep material flowing tothe erecting crews, Under normal job conditions, a shop crew of ‘women can keep material flowing fortwo to three ap- plication crews Adequate consideration must be given to materials handling when setting up any lagging job, including: 1, Ground pre-assembly ofattachments or complete lagging of components where practical. 2. Staging of the seaffolding so a to utilize one set- ting forthe completion of attachments and materi- al application for insulation and lagging on the ‘component, 3. The best shop location is where materials may be fabricated and applied with the least transporta- tion and handling. Accepted Industry Practices For Sheet Metal Lagging « First Edition at