INDONESIA HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH DEVELOPMENT PLAN

YEAR 2011-2025
Summary

The Indonesia Human Resources for Health Development Plan Year 2011 – 2025 (HRH Plan)
is a long term plan aimed to provide a comprehensive direction and reference for all
stakeholders in the development of HRH. The HRH plan covers 13 categories of health
workforce i.e. medical specialist, general practitioner, dentist, nurse, midwife, dental nurse,
pharmacist, pharmaceutical assistant, sanitarian (environmental health inspector), nutritionist,
public health practitioner, physiotherapist and medical technician.
The number of Indonesian population year 2010 was approximately 237 million people with the
average annual growth rate approximately 1,49% (BPS, 2010). The community health status
have been continuously increasing , by year 2007 the Infant Mortality Rate was 34 per 100.000
life birth, the Maternal Mortality Rate was 228 per 100.000 life birth, the Life expectancy was
70,5 years, while the malnutrition prevalence rate was 18,4% and further decreasing to 17,9% in
year 2010.
Currently there are 9.133 community health centers and 1765 hospitals in Indonesia. To access
health service, approximately 59,07% Indonesian population have had health insurance. The
available health workers are insufficient to meet the need of the health facilities, beside the
distribution is still imbalance especially between urban and remote, country borderline areas
and small islands.
To improve the HRH situation in Indonesia, the HRH plan has a vision that “all people have
access to qualified health workers’, which is supported by 4 missions as follow:
1. Strengthening regulation and planning for HRH development.
2. Improving the production/ HRH education.
3. Assuring the equitable distribution, well utilized and well developed of HRH.
4. Improving supervision and quality control of HRH in health services.

The strategic targets of the HRH plan is the availability of health workers with the ratio per
100.000 population as follow:
 Ratio per 100.000 population
No Category
Year 2014 Year 2019 Year 2025
1 Medical Specialist 12 24 28
2 General practitioner 48 96 112
3 Dentist 11 11 11
4 Nurse 158 158 158
5 Midwife 75 75 75
6 Dental Nurse 16 16 16
7 Pharmacist 12 24 28
8 Pharmaceutical Assistant 24 48 56
9 Public Health Practitioner 12 24 28
10 Sanitarian 15 30 35
11 Nutritionist 24 48 56
12 Physiotherapist 6 12 14
13 Medical technicians 9 18 21

There are 6 (six) strategies to achieve the target of the HRH plan as follow:

1. Strengthening the regulations on development and empowerment of HRH. This will

be done through acceleration of implementation and collaboration among stakeholder at
the national and local level.
2. Improving the HRH requirement planning. This will be conducted through planning of
HRH requirement for the public sector, private sector, and anticipating the health
emergency situation and liberalization on health service.
3. Improving and developing the HRH production. This will be conducted through re-
arrangement of HRH education framework including improvement of education
standards, improving access and distribution of health education institution, resource
management and development of quality control system of health education
(accreditation of institutions and programs as well as certification of teachers/lecturers).
4. Improving the HRH management. This strategy will be conducted through recruitment
and deployment of HRH as civil servants, contracted staffs (Pegawai Tidak Tetap/PTT),
special assignment officers, private employee/practitioners, utilization of foreign HRH,
and overseas placement. To improve retention in rural, remote and underserved areas,
the Government provide financial and non financial incentives, scholarship with service
bond, clear career development, continued professional development including in-
service training, and improved health and safety of the working environment .
5. Strengthening supervision and quality control of HRH. Supervision is conducted to
improve individual working performance and health profession service by coaching
career, enforcement of discipline, and health professional development. Quality control
of HRH is conducted through competency assessment, certification, registration and
licensing of qualified HRH.
 6. Enhancing resources for HRH development. This strategy will be conducted through
capacity building of HRH, strengthening the HRH information system, increasing the
financial resources and provision of other supporting facilities.

In order to improve the community access to health services, the MOH plan to increase the
number of community health centers approximately 10.856 units by year 2014, 12.514 units by
year 2019, and 14,826 units by year 2025. The development of hospitals is targeted to achive
the ratio of 1 bed per 1000 population by year 2014, 1,5 beds per 1000 population by 2019 and
2 beds per 1000 population by year 2025.
Implementation of the HRH plan will be conducted through several process including 1)
situational analysis on the HRH development, 2) planning and dissemination of the HRH plan,
3) facilitation of the implementation process, 4) monitoring and evaluation of the HRH plan. To
support the implementation of the HRH plan, adequate budget is required. The HRH plan
provided the estimated cost to fulfill the HRH requirement (utilization cost including salary,
incentive for remote area, recruitment and orientation training cost) up to year 2014. However
the cost calculated is only limited to health facilities in public sector. The HRH plan also
provided estimated cost for production of HRH up to year 2014 based on the cost of average
tuition fees and other educational program fees of certain education programs.