Indonesia National Policy on

Sanitation Development

Ir. Wahanudin, M.Med.Sc (PH)

Directorate of Settlements and Housing
National Development Planning Agency
(BAPPENAS)

Bangkok, March 2014

 Strategic Issues in
Indonesia Infrastructure Development
• Ensuring resilience in food, water and energy to support
National Resilience SUSTAINA
BILITY
• Provision of basic infrastructure and achieving minimum
service standard
NEW ACCESS
• Strengthening National Connectivity PROVISION
• Improvement of Urban Mass Transport
• Increasing effectiveness and efficiency of infrastructure
funding and development of creative financing scheme and
private-public partnership
 National Directives for Sanitation
Development 2015-2019
• Universal access
• 100% Access:
– 85% Minimum Standard Service and 15 % life-line (more for rural settings)
• Targets:
– Wastewater: 13% offsite (decentralized and centralized city wide system),
87% onsite improved system
– Solid waste: 100% collection and sanitary landfill for urban area
• Investment required: + IDR 307 Trilyun:
– 48% from the national government
– 24% from local governments
– 28% from community and others
 Sanitation Ladder
• Decentralized approach as a
bridge towards centralized City-wide
system  step wise


Centralized
approach towards city-wide
centralized sanitation Facilities
service
• Good sanitation and hygiene
behavior as foundation for
sanitation development Collective
Facilities at
community
level
On site
facilities

Start
Good sanitation
and hygiene
behavior
 Range of Focus activities
sanitation
options conventional sewerage
Full
“ off site” municipal
Urban
sewerage
community Community + city
piped scheme piped scheme
Population Density

WWTP
+ WWTP

Urban Septage Decentralized

management
Community
Sealed septic + sanitation
absorption bed centers
“on site” sanitation
Unsealed septic no
Rural absorption bed
“Cubluk”

Low Socio-economic condition High

 Issues and challanges
Facts finding from Community-Based Decentralized Waste Water Study*

• Significant improvement in health and cleanliness**

– Reduction of open defecation, cleaner environment
– 70% reduction of diarrhea incidence in children under 5 yo
• Good quality of effluent
• The number of users per site is lower than planned: 100 people vs 100 families
• High usage of community sanitation centers was found in areas with the
following characteristics:
– Little space for residents to build their own toilets and effluent management systems
– Challenging environments prone (flooding, subsidence)
– Many casual users (near public places) / residents were not permanent
– The facility provides a reliable source of good quality water
• Many community management structures do not function as assumed
• Fees collected in +40% of the facilities is lower than what is required for facility
operation and maintenance  facilities are not well operated and maintained
*) DEWATS Study, WSP 2012
**) Health Impacts Assessment, BORDA 2010
 National Policy for
Water and Sanitation Development
Effectivity and
efficiency of
Asset funding Synergy and
Management coordination

Alternative
funding
Ensure domestic New service mechanism
water resources
provision
Sustainability of
infrastructure

Synergy between
water and
sanitation
Thank you