CAREER

DEVELOPMENT
 Career Development
Career
can be defined as the entirety of
decisions that direct one’s
educational, social, economic,
political, and spiritual endeavors and
reflect his unique personality
characteristics and basic life values.”

It is important to note, though, that

career is not just a job or occupation
we may have. Career is more than
that.

From this example, we can say that a

person’s career may change and this
kind of change in career is what we
call career development.
 Career Development
Career Development
is a journey of self-discovery –
exploring and deciding more about
ourselves like what interest us, what
we love to do, what we are really
passionate about – that molds us and
our careers.

Career development is a lifetime

process; thus, it doesn’t end after
one decides to take a job or
occupation.
one may even have a change in
career after looking into himself more
like identifying the things he is
passionate about and what is more
suitable for him.
 Career Development Theory
Career Development Theory is a
study of career paths and
professional growth.

This study’s goal is to give reasons on

why a person may be suitable for a
particular career.

1. Trait Factor - Matching personal traits to occupations-

Frank Parson (1920’s)
• First, one should be examined according to his
personality traits
• gather the character traits of the career he
wanted to have
• measure the personality trait of that person against
the job traits..
Career Development Theory
2. Psychological - Personality types matching
work environment- John Holland (1980’s)

Holland Theory of Vocational Types is a

theory that pays attention to behavioral or
personality types as the main factor or
influence in career choice development.

Holland proposed that career choice is an

expression of personality, not just a
random choice.
Career Development Theory
3. Decision - Situational or Sociological – Albert
Bandura (Self Efficacy-1970’s)

• Social Cognitive Theory derived

from self-efficacy theory of Albert
Bandura.
• In this theory, a person has the
ability to exercise control over his
thoughts, beliefs, and actions
• self-efficacy is defined as the belief
in one’s capabilities to plan,
organize, and implement actions
that will have desirable results,

• self-efficacy is related to
motivation – the most relevant
driver of a person’s career
development.
 Career Development Theory

4. Developmental - Self Concept over life span -

Donald Super (1950’s)

• derived from the concept that human beings are

always in constant change and go through life
experiences, learning, and doing new and challenging
things while changing roles along the process.

• This theory entails that because of the

experiences one goes through life, he may have
changes on how he views himself, thus, affecting
his career development.
 Factors Affecting Career Choice
Internal Factors

1. Self-Concept/Self-Identity

• Self-concept is a very important

factor in identifying the career a
person wants to take.

• a person is able to determine who

he really is and therefore, there’s a
high probability that he will choose
the career he really wants and
what suits him.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

2. Personal Preferences
• Considering what a person loves to do and
to be is a factor that influences career
choice.

• It was already mentioned that for a person

to take the right or suitable career for
him, he should first think of what he is
into and what would make him happy.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

3. Motivation
• What drives a person to choose the
career he decided to have? This is
motivation

• Majority of Filipinos’ motivation in

choosing their career is their desire to
uplift their family’s lives.

• It is important for a person to have

motivation because if he doesn’t one, he
may be an unfulfilled human being.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

4. Self-Confidence

• “I can do this!” or “I think I can’t do this.”

Confidence, whether high or low, has an
effect on how a person chooses his career.

• A person who has high confidence won’t

think twice to take the career he is into and
what he knows he’s capable of.

• a person who thinks low of himself would

probably have a difficulty in choosing his career
and probably would end up in choosing a career
not suitable for him.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

5. Personal Skills
• The skills a person has greatly contribute
to his career choice.

• If a person enjoys cooking, that is a skill. If

one is really good in speaking, that’s a skill
as well.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

6. Personality Characteristics

• there are characteristics a person has

and these characteristics are matched to
a particular career

• Knowing these characteristics will help

a person in choosing his career.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

7. Personal Health

• Considering personal health is also

a factor of career choice

For example, a person who wants to

be a police officer couldn’t be one
because of heart or lung disease.

• This could be a challenge for people

who have health problems and thus,
affects their career choice.
Factors Affecting Career Choice
8. Emotional Considerations

• Before one should decide on life-directing

decisions, he should be calm and have a
clear mind

For example, a person is experiencing

intense anger over someone thus
choosing a career related to having
revenge.

Another example would be familiar mostly

to Filipinos, if a very close family member
dies and one chooses to be in medical field
because of sadness or guilt.
Factors Affecting Career Choice
External Factors

1. Parental Preferences
• It is common especially in the
Philippines that parents have always
something to say about their child’s
career choice.

• Sometimes, others are being

forced to have the same career as
their parents or at least one of the
parents to continue the “legacy” or
“tradition’.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

2. Financial Constraints

• Another common factor in choosing a

career is financial constraint

One may want to be a nurse but

because of high tuition fee and other
expenses, he may think twice and
probably have another course/career
that has lower expenses

• This factor can be resolved by looking for

scholarships which are available.
Factors Affecting Career Choice

3. Job Market Preference

• A person’s career may also be affected

by market demand.

• For those who would like to be

employed right after graduation, this
could be a reason for them in choosing
a career.
Factors Affecting Career Choice
4. Peer Pressure
• Teenagers, who are about to make
choices for their career or college course,
may still be confused of what they want
to be or be scared of what lies ahead.

• they may possibly rely or depend

on the people close to them like
their friends or even, special
someone
• Adolescents may easily be influenced by
their peers to take the same college
course or career, not really considering
the things they are passionate about or
what interest them.
Factors Affecting Career Choice
5.Gender Bias

• Fortunately, we are already in the era that

gender equality is taken into account.

• Before, there were college courses or

careers that consider gender being
associated with just a particular career.

For example, before, engineering was

just opened for males and nursing
was just for females

there are some parents or even other members of the family

who still think that a career must be based on one’s gender,
thus, affecting the decision of the adolescent getting ready for
his future.