Re

publ
i
coft
heP
hil
i
ppi
nes

S
UPRE
MECOURT

Ma
nil
a

E
NBANC

G.
R.No.L
-46
432 Ma
y17
,19
39

THEP
EOP
LEOFTHEP
HIL
IPP
INE
S,pl
ai
nti
ff
-appe
ll
ee,

v
s.

TE
ODORI
COMARTI
N,de
fend
ant
-appe
ll
ant
.

De
met
ri
oB.E
nca
rna
cionf
ora
ppe
ll
ant
.

Of
fi
ceoft
heS
oli
ci
tor
-Ge
ner
alTua
sonf
ora
ppe
ll
ee.

AVANCE
ÑA,C.
J.
:

Thea ppe l
l
antTe odoricoMa rti
nwa ss e
nt e
nce dintheCour tofFirs
tInsta
nceofCa vit
eforthecri
meof
abduc t
iontot hepe nalt
yoff ourt
e e
ny ears
,e i
ghtmont hsandoneda yofrecl
usiontemporal,havi
ng
comme ncedtos erv
et hissentenceonJ anuary1 7,1917.OnF ebruar
y5 ,1923,aft
erhavingserve
de i
ghtyea
rs
,onemont hands eventeenda ys,l
eavings t
il
luns er
v e
dsixyears,si
xmont hsandf ourt
eenda y
s,hewa s
pardone donc onditi
ont hathes houldnota gainbef oundguil
tyofa nycri
mepuni shabl
ebyt helawsofthe
Phil
ippines.Subseque ntl
ythea ppell
antwa striedforthecri
meofa t
temptedrobberyinbandwi thphysi
cal
i
njuriesands entenced,byf i
nal j
udgme ntdatedOc t
ober27,19 3
2 ,t
opa yafineof3 30peseta
s,with
subsidi
a r
yimpr i
sonme ntinc aseofinsolvency.

Theappe
ll
anti
schar
gedwi
thav i
ol
a t
ionofthecondi
ti
onofhi
spardonforha
vingcommitt
edthec
rimefor
whic
hhewa sse
nte
ncedonOctober27,1932.TheCour
tofFi
rs
tInsta
nceofRizal
,whi
chtookcog
nizance
oft
hisca
se,f
oundhi
mg ui
l
tyandsentencedhimtosuff
ert
hepenal
tywhichwa sr
emit
tedi
nthepardon,
na
mel
y,s
ixy
ear
s,s
ixmont
hsa
ndf
our
tee
nda
ysofr
ecl
usi
ont
empor
al
.

Iti
sthea ll
egedt ha ttheCourtofF i
rstInstanceofCa v
ite,andnott hatofRi zal
,hadjuri
sdi
cti
ont ot ak
e
cogni
z anceoft hisc ase.Wef i
ndnome ri
tint hi
sc ontenti
on.Whi letheCour tofFir
stInst
anceofCa vi
tewa s
theonewhi c himpos edonthea ppe l
lantthepe nal
tyofwhi c
hhewa ssubs e
quentl
ypa r
doned,nev ert
heles
s
theviolat
ionoft hec ondi
ti
onsoft ha tpar
d on,whic histhesubjectma tteroftheprese
ntprosecution,took
plac
ei ntheP rovinc eofRiza
l.Thepr ese
ntpr ocee
di ngisnotac ontinuati
onorapa r
toftheforme rone.Itisa
newpr oceeding,c ompl et
einits
e l
fa ndind ependentoft helat
ter
.Itr ef
erstoothersubsequentf
a ctswhi c
h
thela
w( art
.1 59oft heRevi
sedP enal Code)punishe sasad is
ti
nc tcrimet hepenal
tyforwhichisnot
necessari
l
yt hatre mittedbythepa rdon.

Thepresc
ript
ionofthevi
ol
ati
onisanotherdef
enseputupbytheappel
lant.Heconte
ndsthatt
hisviola
ti
on
bei
ngpunishedwi t
hpri
si
onc or
rec
cionali
nit
sminimumdegre
ewhi chshouldbeimposedinit
sme dium
per
iod,t
hatis,fr
omoney e
ar,onemontha ndel
evendayst
ooney ear
,eightmonthsandtwent
yda ys(art
.
159oftheRev i
sedPena
lCode),i
tpresc
ri
besaft
erfoury
ear
sundersect
ion1ofAc tNo.3585.ThisAc t
pr
ov i
des:

S
ECTION1 .Viola
ti
onspenali
zedbys peci
alact
sshal
l,unle
s sothe
rwi
seprovi
dedinsuchact
s,prescr
ibein
a
ccorda
ncewi t
hthefoll
owingrul
es:(a)aft
erayearf
oroffensespuni
shedonlybyafi
neorbyi mpri
sonment
f
ornotmorethanonemont h,orboth;(b)aft
erf
ouryearsforthos
epunishe
dbyi mpr
is
onme ntformo r
e
t
hanonemo nth,butle
ssthantwoy ear
s;(c)af
terei
ghtyearsfort
hosepuni
shedbyimpri
sonme ntf
ortwo
y
earsormore,butle
ssthansi
xy ea
rs;....

Wel i
kewis
efindnome r
iti
nthi
sde
fens
e.I
nthefi
rs
tpl
ace
,thepena
lt
ypresc
ri
bedfort
heviol
ati
oni
snot
tha
tofp r
is
ioncorr
ecc
ional
init
smi
nimumgra
de,butt
hepenal
tyr
emit
tedbythepar
don.Art
ic
le15
9oft
he
Revi
sedPenalCodere
ads:

Otherca
sesofevasi
onofser
viceofs e
ntenc
e.— Thepe nal
tyofpr
is
ionc orr
ecc
ionali
nitsmi
nimumpe r
iod
shal
lbeimposedupontheconv i
ct,who,hav
ingbe e
ngrant
edcondi
tionalpar
donbytheChiefExe
cuti
ve,
shal
lvi
olat
eanyofthecondit
ionsofsuchpardon.However
,ift
hepena l
tyremi
ttedbythegr
anti
ngofsuch
par
donbehi g
herthans
ixyears,theconvi
ctshal
lthens
uffe
rtheunexpir
edporti
onofhisori
gi
nalsent
ence
.

I
ntheca
seatbarthepe
nalt
yremit
tedwass
ixye
ars,s
ixmonthsandf
our
teenday
s,ormor
etha
nsixye
ars
.
Thea
ppel
la
nt'
sc ont
ent
iontha
tther
eshoul
dbededuct
edfr
omt hi
sre
mit
tedpenal
tyt
heal
l
owanceoft
ime
provi
dedi na r
tic
le97oft heRev
ise
dP enalCode,isunsound.Thisal
lowanceisgiveninconsider
ati
onofthe
goodconduc tofthepri
sonerwhil
eservi
nghi ss
entence.Nothavingser
vedthisremitt
edpena l
ty,t
her
eisno
re
a s
onf orthea l
lowance,namel
y,thegoodc onductoftheappell
antwhil
eservi
nghi ssent
enc e
.Thepenalt
y
i
mp osableforthev i
ola
ti
onbe i
ngmor ethansixyears,t
hisdoesnotpres
cri
bea f
terfouryea
rs,butaft
erei
ght,
underthea fores
aidActNo.3 585thepert
inentport
ionofwhichha sbeenquoted.

More
over,t
hevi
ol
ati
oni
nquesti
onispenal
i
zedbytheRev
ise
dP e
nalCode(a
rt.1
59a
for
esa
id)
,whic
hisnot
aspe
cia
llaw,a
ndthepr
esc
ri
pti
onther
eof,a
sreg
ula
tedbyart
ic
le90ofthes
ameCode
,ist
enyear
s.

Wheref
ore
,theper
iodofe i
ghtyearsnothav i
nge l
apsedf
romt heti
mea ppell
antwa sfoundgui
lt
yofthe
cr
imeofat
tempte
dr obber
yinba ndwithinjuriesbyfinalj
udgmentrenderedonOc tober27,193
2,norf
rom
t
hetimehecommittedthi
sc r
imeonOc t
obe r27 ,1930,t
heviola
ti
onoft hecondit
ionsofhispar
donwith
whic
hheischar
ged,ha snotpre
s c
ribe
de i
the rAc tNo.3585orundertheRe vi
sedP enalCode
.

Thea
ppe
ale
djudg
menti
saf
fi
rme
d,wi
tht
hec
ost
stot
hea
ppe
ll
ant
.Soor
der
ed.

Vi
l
la-
Rea
l,I
mpe
ri
al
,Di
az,L
aur
el
,Conc
epc
ion,a
ndMor
an,J
J.
,conc
ur.