Name________________________________________________________________Student No.

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ME122 1st Long Exam 1SY 2021-2022

1. For a hydroelectric turbine installation having a 100 m elevation difference between upper and lower
reservoir, a penstock having a friction factor of 0.025, a diameter of 1.5 m and length 300 m is to be used.
Penstock entry and exit loss factors are 0.35 and 0.45 respectively. Determine the maximum fluid power
that can be available in this hydraulic turbine installation and the corresponding flow rate.

2. For the problem above, at the flow which gives maximum power, determine the a) hydraulic efficiency, b)
volumetric efficiency, c) mechanical efficiency, d) overall efficiency and e) specific speed, if flow losses
amount to 0.27 m3/s, if friction power losses are 50 kW, and actual head utilized by the turbine is 60 m.
The turbine is to operate at 366 rpm.

3. A water turbine is to produce 30 MW when running at 100 rpm under a head of 20 m. A model turbine is
to be tested under dynamically similar conditions with a head of 5 m with an output of 40 kW. Find the
corresponding speed of the model. Find the scale ratio. Estimate the volume flow rate of water through
the model and the prototype, if the overall efficiency is 90%.

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