"HIGH RERGUENEY TRANSMISSION Line A _lisvitign aoeaays) “RGM | ere Dissipation ve, oS 1 Gro, Le0—5 Telephone Line (audio tray ) a Re bo Transmusson (distortontess Une) 2 a, b. Rec, e@soo Te” ime wlth high Freq, @ (dissipation less tine) @D nyt Peg. @ the Radie froqumy of 30MHx - spaMHz has macte fottowing ouumption 3) Cuvant & Voltage we Frowirg on ropoluctoss —- Autface and Internat Froluctance become — X2r0 - . jo skin effect the yeststancs derwases ii) Due with JP and — indischance incwawer with - ii) Leakage conductance Q=o0 >» therefore we >> Teansmission | paaipation, kese Vine « (Rugiatiten ) Rees Trammtsron line operates at ,Raclio whence there vs no Frequency ( R= G20) caljecl olissipation olofipation Such fine lon tine o)Skin Effect 6 RAR NARI aro Cwount ows tn putin surface 4 Conoucten ak Tadle Prog ere ub, called efreck $¥> ta 4G skin ade on ff gy 2 a= Depth t Skin due to skin effect Also cated olepth of penebration _ depth of penetration TP frequency tes hor te It Frequency bee - lag = poemiabilG + conoluced VIty = Froqusnny Since the ‘dlaptn oF ponetrodion cleorecases , the line Furs outside | we verry yane mission freq dopin oF penetration at oDLrert Jeakage thus high cai, , tre euporent P1Dus Auface por? tine > thexefort 2° (@=0) qrentfoxe For WL p24-0/@ of Axoguenc Boea ve Jay Y= Jerjon ares) Ye guns (je) (R=G20)Yoltage ane Curxent Eguatier woquency Transmission Erugueny Te Line Genexatly transmission thre, Vz Ve toshpx + Tpze sinhyx ) T = Ip coshyx +R sinhpx Zo wos NR. (p¢%0 fe" + Kota] 7 “antenms of 22R fog t = Zp (z0t 7) [e%—Keh) d ake Ve Veeoshjpx. + Tr Ro Slob jpx z+ Ip Soshipx + YR. Sinhipx Ro . coshjo = case Sinbje = jsins v Va cosp2 +IRRosinpx | Te Tpwspx + js sinpx| Ro _t VR CaREROD [oP + KRETPRT | azn . jen = Te (geen PelPe-eIP] Thee au Vord, T equ fox trammision UneOpen ciruit oe = _Noc Toe @ v= vo when zee, F ce aad & fa Yor = Vp caspr a ) SB, Ty, = hah Aero leone] Voc = Vp cos anx| A )T = Tee whin zps 0 , TR20 See eet eee Toc = jNR sin anx Ro A > me = Noo = vgcos anx/A Toe jyf singe (**" Zoc = -j tan 2m. R> [sete] 8; eae przomen | Noe =Vpuapane. Foe = Mesias | en xo 36 y Pp 8 Fey “ ° | Na | a BEY hy © SYR Ro | co) Mar| Ara 7 -NR | z i 4 | 34] Sx 3), 220 ° 4 hw | a tee) J YR] Ro Py | | on KAS " Mg | A peer Rr , . | —a HH if ge ayo in xB Ne Aa *Neltage ord quent equations in open ckt “P Uines at out oft phase by m2 ied 90" The distance belivern Vinax ard Vmin ds Ayy aret Uso Tmax ort min db Ayy Suecomive distane bron Vinox and Imax & Ay, Tramminion UN properties au swpeated oH eno Ay dibtance .. .“eosil') Stork clresit Line $ ignee ee | Ne |e T | © Bh xo = ols) | . | oar ve Ynohpx + jt_ Ro sinpx “vac = J TR Rosi np a BO xx - jTR k t 4 3 xe oe | JAR Ro i ° i Me | toe Xe nie) 9 | - | | xX - mow) | ste | 3B = 8) -j | Y4 | Sx Bo = Srtayl)j2RRo : ° | a ai yxeanldd) o 4° IR x |Ve Vecospa + j Tr Ro SiMP™ 2 VR cCOspx +f Me Sin po Ve (cos px +] sinpo) Vc ve CelP™) Wo ave LBs D Tp tospr tf VR sinp Ro - Te = YR Ie at D2 2 Bp cospx +f sinp) ‘ec Tp tet PX) ee 2 Op lpm jets TR F. Ba a neil 4 bond —F, (Crete) cumsank bv ton Vine, ate on omuas Mi Amgcth lineFrees Toapedenee Of High Boag unc a Line Transp Xs ©) Zin = Ve [Tro sinpx Il: . R ASB +f NR sinpx : P+ J 4B. sinp: 7S = Ns = Vacotps 1] take simp as - pea TReaspx +} ve sinpx Ro OS Tein Coser tj Ble Hip Fe eeSBA +} Ieee sinpx Ro 2s = . TA ( xe cospx +] Ro Sinpx) uk ( cosp +/Ze singx) Ro ZS = Ro ( zpcospx + {Rp Sinpx) | eee pe L (Ro cospx +)%R Ssinpx > Mis SES ee Spa? | = Ne Zs Vs Ve Czet Ro) (EJP + kenlPx) 2p px N= NR (%e +Ro) elP* [1+ kel = azR ed Ve Ne Gree) elP* [ur kod®P*] Rp : © eseP se otlP* = |. spe k = [kd Vs Ye ( zpthey @P* (ith) Lb gas) 2zR (zee) elP™ (14 ik) [ope No = YR : axe xa, (Ze +Ro) olPx beef [goap») R loty sa lain = Ma = Po [tt il re tek] Ld-ap j i tase 0) Open eke i Unpeclanes of hg hfe foe? line? = % aR I Ro (ZR taspx +] Ro sinpx) (Ro cospx +] Zp sinpx) oe = xe (Ro cospe +f Rofze Sinpx ) 7A (Folzg caspx ry sinax) Zoo = Zp = 0 See Zoe = Ro caspx 2 | zoe ~JRocet par! ted ima L jsinga 0 on Joe = ~[Ro_ , ; . tanpxTnput Impedance: of open ckt pssipotlon lems pely ssactoree (1 OrIC) the emackance de +ve -» Inductanw TR fre Saactanee 2, -ve > Capacitance “SRofionpr 0-> serins > panetio! Zocpotaxity) Plununta 4 Hehang ee et re ais il wea Ale. i 7 f 2 | Ed Wek Ronan we | EK copasiton a oi [on sade Qashey SL OH0.N =U) 1132 | ~Jo.577R | -ve AA eign 0 Shed = an(pe)-rtea | [ie prim | ne |—am— Tyduckeanee. Aa’ axon) 0 | -e an if Med Roorance, | | je os | ve | SIE Copoetvanee I 0 att Qastid StULenan ce He | er Tato “ Ge He ouenanc, =eee, 2 "Soto, k cose(ii) Shaxt ake [npur tmpectance ? a Zpre 2 est %se = Ro ( Zpeospx+j Ro sina) (Ro vaspx +) ze Sinpsy — zaro uy34 anjaQa) -1-132. | ~jRot732 | ’ i | | . 108} 0 | ® | o on Souls, stursnane | | +e 4T (ond 15 Rott 3 : . . ; Tn sy 2 | = || EF reatte| S720) -1-7 | -j Rott \* SE Capacikana ans(306) © 0 | O | PHF Qaeina) sULEMANG |App! wun ip pin 1. Pepends on dliatanee 9 anc wavelength A Open [Shoxt Cireuitmd Une behaves ras trey eexies And paxalleh ltererance : 2. Depends on lengtn ox db us cused fox gingle anct otoubte stub rratching 3. Depends on A Gt is ust a1 band stop ound bard pass filter (at p-wave freq) : SORE ARSE lohen the Line ub not terminated with FR then ‘peident wave and: ouftectad wave will have | magraprcte ard travels in diffexent ame Lbvections - Tha type of wave ds callgcl as Ataraling wave Pecasue of SRE wave rox ard Youn — Occmes eke Tre pot tong tre Line, the Magraiicls of i ated as Noodles Wage for) Count 4 “am. © . nookes wie cprenr vb maxi run « eee 1 A tre Line, the tonagtaiaiees ou sage or)Smeoth Hing ? pees 4 when me Line us texmeroted swith 2, than thor fs no standing waves called Smooth Une 2R77 se -— Ve x Standing Waves Ratio (SWR) 3 Fatio of maximum oltage +o minimum Voltage * — Vottag SwR(S) 2 Vmax Taye: Tina © NBWR(S) — Vinin a. \ Lrian * Vmax 3 Vi and Vy fnphase (0°) Vox = vi} + [vr] * Vinin > Vi andy out oF phase ( 186 ev) Vin = [Nif- ]Vrf Stancting wave Ratio ua ratin of Imax vig tonela vig S$: vitelr Wil -lvr} Retation brun { and k 3= wr [( [eal ot) > £ interm ot k i | | | | |sunk) = UFTKI 3-sikl ¢ ttIK) 61 =. 3 ki + TKI (att) IKI 8-1 = Nope 4 | Vinee VOT Vimin Nokia j IK] = Vmax 7 Vein, Vinoxt Vinin, | ase Cid matched toad (Xp =%R) k= %R-Zo ZRt% {kI= 0 | ss 1+lkl 1-ykI we tii): mismatched lvaal ze=0 for ocak se) CZR =, ket as 2418) otf —_——— I 1-Ik) (B) PA miawadchud: > K=1 Set +O LaeWET Zane Ro r ‘ (1k Lhenp PRO Nieman occu, cohan Mee Vy oa | ree (3) Lapse | 10 * [Os > x04 iging (+ |kI i e806) Virion O8euxs eohun Va 2 Vi cou outs phane( rr or 188) =p =\TT Zin BIT > ts CATH SiniT = | 1=-) j in ae Heme | \ ie SSMER Yevaeruear1gROS Ditgcnoway. Coupee § — j snot line(?) bnsin @ Fremsdn % Coanal’ -Hd6n lind earth!’ Hao “hal Band “Bp The cate shat Spavd by a, ®t r Ro iy Ad oust tre hd Soma Ero cat) Uc! tro “fe holy 2 Aro ay, oar fhom dy ay P Yate Second Vine & 1? We ‘ry teams bo a [esvie | T$ inf Sin coone h hola’ 4 din oie dvadtion will le \ catty P b [ape Bey Gd sal a tonne at pie ok“ , which Suing a uous $ ko sug in the 2 nl volich que inhaltion Jo Viet het ok Vy. ‘ j| TE do dine © vant trgh hole Ya" vou ree wil] ba eke phaxe Lyd wit) coal ome tohich ants ab.’ odhich giuy ‘witadkien ot WW tot at ly, | J PPS o Rome, sy Nato ik unas, fo sagt | ts Tredank Wone £ At 8 aytehlh eas, ages a Py: Weta ;ah ; NETHOD-\ idot co-aniot cable wilh Afg length » Oo 4% prbe bb imeuud tam ain [dielectiic of line a voltmeter or) olelactax — coneeclial betwen probe and ta transmission line If tne meme Measuxes lineat Gatus , Then 5 us Avlinmined fre URRY Measuxes non-linean value, and doloxminect ipement are techniguss We “y' of tine i ap 's' cowadBol The same eqtt tre vavetengi# » of open wee Lecner Measurement one ——_——"—"" to Meaeee tine uw2d \ This meas ona system vt cated Note = _ & Formalos, Bore Voc VRCoSBe + ]Tr Ro sinpx 2 2 aeecpe + JME singe ye _Va. (50F#R) “ip (1+ ki Lo-22 ) | 2QzR Ge sy (%0+2R) elP™ Cis ini Ld-8p%*) Ro _zacenpe 4) ROS Zin = I 7. Ro cospx +4 xp sinpx ae < fl Leteees kt [25%Spedonce grt ower Meawwament of High Eageey Tranarmieston Line eemination of charactoristie Impedance (2 = Re): Vs ve (zo4xp) esP™ (1g (Kk) Lb-2BR) azp on 4k Geese) alB® Gi= ie} Loo 222) "RRS > Vino 3 vik Vy oe inphase Gem ioe [ESE et Ymox = VR (xopz—) e/P* C4 It) axe Brox 2 21a 4, 24 inphove Wes 0° 2 |d-apx =} ax = de (zgeze) PX (1-11) QR hae = va P SPECT TRL) = Nmox = VR/xxp (%tzZR) & 7 ae hae aban, (2e#20) e/PX/(1- rH)? z Co & J Teg = Red. $onelusion when Inciclent wave are vuhtectad wave ax inphase — then Standing wave r0tt> deca with respect to Rp Sirnitanty Vo Ymin > vig Vy O%8 out of phase oe . j i Vein = VR (zezpy otP® Ci-1kH) OZR 7 Imin 9 Di fh Py -axt out OF phase e 3 ape sin = -} Amin = Tr (xp+z0) e/P® (1 +tki) QR eh o me Rmin = = Ritz (20178) el ( mad PRigk, Cropte) of uete| Rin = Re (tare) (tatky Brin =p [® = tn] elution : —_ tohen “incident ard ‘refjeclad wave Phase. then Staonatey nexeaues axe wave ratio with vapor to R,rae, Vinins Svax * a; de the Lpcadinn where Vmin ano Trox wil occur ) $-apx 2) $- 2px) = PNM por Re @ N=0rt2, 2on %2 ub the lecarion wheee Vax and Tmin will occur - q-apz, = Amt pra = o- @ nyt) 7 a fe zy % DeterminaHon of wd frnpedares (ZR) (O_unknown lood zin i xR — / my om, & + +J Ro Singx Ry cos PX+] Zp SinprTaking cwspx oudsicle Zin = RK i zat JR tanp) R Since sinpx «, cosh U Rot [kx tanpx) ae Replace x 3, (Zin) = Ro (ze + J Ro tanpx) , ‘ (Ro + jzR tonpx1) AYA Vin Tina uattt ocean % ZR*IRo tanp x, Ro + fz tanpx) } Ro+ j2R tanps, = SCZR#] Ro tanpx)) J7rtenpx, — Sze = 3] Ro tanpax) ~Ro 7R( jtonpx)-s) = Rp (Sj tanpz) -1) ZR ($-jtanpx,) = Ro (1- jtanpry [* = Re (1 jatanpzs)| Bo Ls jstenp2 —__($-Jtanpe, ) Determination of Powen (Pd : pero =o i= Pos Neos =; Pa _Mohin Rmax ReninSimitaty , Pe pe . tax Rmox P= Diin Rmin Pxp - fpe (Arex Rmax ), (2min min) pe (Armax x Rg’) (Inin x Re max X Rog) (2 iFormulas, D Ne Ves “Ope 4 Teo Sop | Dem cape ie Ve Sing Ne ie sae nyaP( tei \ 2 Ie _ (Fete) SPECI 11 Lapa) » Dine nf ee caspst 4,]Ro Sinpoe Roca ++) Zep - | Kre ee) an . | VK Lape 3) Bay esegg CK ae i "Bes S= ik Zero ie |. Me B= |Vrrax) i LVirin} j We \Verax | -]Ymin) eh era | Nema \ + } Vin Tw) Ik} = at \trnax =Ni +) vi i Ninine \w)-)4 i . "[ Nina Oceus. hun VY ay Inpho, (e) d-2p0, ih a ee Bi Ne than Nim oceany, “han Way endef phate CT 6nIge | [oa pp Bese ) ‘cain 4 Vin 2 Dax o- x = Qniy ¢ ere oni | Olean a \Imax ‘2 Doin. coe BB ean + ited Xe= b-@mijT. Pe 2 —lo ‘ tent $ a e 4Jo Lhe Jinminahd 4 M5 - SeoK with Me woowelorg/h TOR PIT Orta ate pplation caypieint > Mancing we Sutio , Giéven_data + Zo = Fo To find +Ke Iki Ze ¢ Ls prane Magrituds Ih = 0 5B5 GOF -065 = ltoyee I~ OHSS S = 2-65 eur) Rmax = Roxs C+ Ro = 2%)axa A F «aoe 4m X, = -0-05x + A = (d+ a5m) "(fn te negative » for every Ata dftance upeotid *) Ix, 1 oe, “tgiver thak Zo = FON, Ze>thon, Pe 15mm, f.5omr, Glulah 4b, S58, 29, porbin® Vnmx, Vmin, Diag & Trin $e "C), a IK} = 0-473 a see ai Se Ielbl oo) JoiKl = Fey73 é ln 0-413 21495 SS & fama Civ)” CVatn y Trax) wh oct at x, gaps) aon x, = p-gtr (n=o0) ze] 09-0)Cmax, Immin) eeu at x2 g -8fxs = (ane) 7 Leto need be use forremule ‘ Me Ve vm Vain ew Ky = 1500M Lovsdew — Dvarumissibn Low | 3) A gom dong win — Chataddiniatic Smpedance 50-2 operators at amnz win Leuminalury Smpsdarce Gorf4on - Calustsle hy, Swe ts), FP frpedace Xf aldly =0-6 C . ieEe), Gor f4o +50 Ko = 9-097 +0-2917 = 0+ 35m Jo-9796° Fimo moan | fBl= an @ = 0-9756 So = l+th) Y-isl 6 = 2-0835 Zin = fe [ re oxpx tf Restopsx | [Ro ws px +} resto pa | (Ro= 2) B> aa 5-066 xa xeo® axioe A=40mSin px = 0366 ' | ten = 32 [(04 340) (0-5 +f 5D (0-866) [ 50 (08) + J Coot feo) Co-86b = =1900 + 11055 — — F164 +7 1-46) Zin = as-agy 38a} | by. 0) [0-05 od Net Ccabukations ane in ‘rockian male ’) and Teeth, ‘ a7e Chanactrwatee diane =f (le ( mip 300 St, déttora béliosen Succewive —volinge mintnuser cm and 83-33 + calulute ovelergth and dove dyypedance 7 given, Zo = 3002 Mg 2 15 8S = 3:33 So! = Go lg 245 uw) Ke 8-) ZR+ zo (RB +40) k = ze-Zo ZR h-1) = -Zo-Zok t= Zé Gatk) (r=) wee Zp [tte ZR!8