falveste~ = Gite stock flow to oy a magnetic flow- 3C-12. a ster must be : cylinder-oper™ the top circulation ; well as the liquor vever, liquor cireu- ty be continued. In and 3 may not be in the top circula- is high enough to ‘6 and PS-13. This are throughout the ligester level indi- ing of the digester must be protected lar digester opera- great number of ms on the Kamyr ms of instrument tic or electronic, ase. Orifice plates asmitters are used deasurement, and mitters are rec- and flash tanks, orally used on Neasurements, somplexity of the panel is usually esentation of the mene yy avercenren urements not no) ot ni BLOW TANKS AND WASHERS® 9-21 prow TANKS the blow tank, i and the steam and gases escaping from vent to a steam condenser. The blow tents are kept stirred by an agitator the bottom cone, rotating at abs Black liquor from the first washing : troduced into the bottom cone; black | automatically added by the action meter air-control system (actuated power requirement of the agita which operates the black-liquor matically. The stock in the bottom cx maintained at a uniform consiste! 3%% and is pumped to the washers, knotters, or hot-stock sert Blow tank details. The blow structed of steel plate of thicl from 6 to % in, The design is b: Code for Unfired Pressure Vessel U-69; % in. of metal is usually sug MORTON, Js K. PERKIN, and led fhe aired on BiceFig. 9-37 Instrument panel, (Taylor Instrument Compa sion after stress calculations are completed. It is recommended that tanks be all-welded. Since pressures of 10 psi and higher have been observed during the blow, modern design is based on 15 psi during blows, plus hydro- static pressure of the tank full of stock at 1.1 sp gt. Columns are welded to the blow tank and should be securely fastened to vibration- resistant foundations. They are designed for combined stresses due to dead and live load increased by 25% for vibration and blow-line jet reaction. In addition, wind resistance must sometimes be considered. Because of pressure or vacuum which may occur during and after the blow, a safety head or release damperis installed between the blow tank and condenser. The size of the blow lines such that for a 3,500-ft3 digester the duration of the blow is a maximum of 15 min and in direct proportion to that time for other size di- gesters; these figures are for the blow valve wide open. Some op time over 10 min m maximum velocity in condenser should be 2 connections should be bends. A blow tank in cn together with details « is shown in Figure 9-3 blow tanks are given i An elevation of t] shown in Figure 9-38 ' 9-11. In this view, the enters tangentially t through a spout about + which is set in a reinfc tical sides of dome D ai armor plate owing to tl this area. Steam and vay the condensing system. set surmounting fittingInstrument panel, (Taylor Instrument Companies) re completed. It wide Open. Some operators say that a blow : all-welded, time over 10 min means a poor blow. The and higher have maximum velocity in the exhaust line to the v, modern design _ condenser should be 200 fps if possible. All pipe ows, plus hydro- connections should be provided with expansion Ul of stock at 1.1 bends. to the blow tank A blow tank in cross section and elevation, ned to vibration- together with details of the agitator assembly, are designed for _ is shown in Figure 9-38. Dimensions of typical aad and live load blow tanks are given in Table 9-11. f ion and blow-line ‘An elevation of the blow tank, view a, is istance must shown in Figure 9-38 with references to Table ee 9-11. In this view, the stock from the digesters enters tangentially through blow line A, ‘acuum which may D eee through a spout about 20 in. long by 3 in. : ee yee oe a set in a reinforcing plate B. The ver- ee line is tical sides of dome D are often reinforced with eo: i late owing to the high stock velocity in ee ee BE Gees Steam and vapors leave by outlet C to poly ae the condensing system. A relief valve is often Bei RRS te set surmounting fitting F. If the upper part of ) for the a ———BLOWTANK DIA. (SEE TABLE) Fig, 9-35 the blow tank is exposed to the weather, the dome and cone part are covered with insulation ‘and galvanized iron. The tank is supported on ‘ight H-type columns G, of sizeshown in Table G11, tied together at midheight with contin- vous horizontal struts (not shown) and also @ Blow tank. provided with suitable bracing i "upper panels. The columns are attache tank shell by continuous welds. The stock retum connection used for overflowing stock from th stock washer back to the blow tam used, becau detrimental fiquor retun must be air inlet with @ dilution blac ales J, which Lisshown tl Mf, which 4 washers. Son Jet and pum from the co! because this tions. At 1 manhole, ant used for ret tramp ston. A sectio (Fig. 935). andis flared extends abou end of pipe 4 the cone met ‘The dome is} inheight over ing chain D,) counterbalant finder is todel stock in the Bi G the agitato Details of in view c, Fig nected directh tical shaft D of coupling C is gear-reducers great care my eccentricity at about 542 int Itis supported at Land EG) at F in the a welded to the heen made F packing, The | ported by two Agitator s 8%, and 12 ft View b, center to Hand J, Thwet se any on See hi liquor retuned to the blow inust be air-free. Pipe H ig fj inlet with @ check valve K. Head dilution black liquor to the Cone throug} ales J, which are equipped with top ya [Lsshown thestockoutet toeente yee M, which discharges into’ feed you BUMP washers. Some installations providea gay.) letand pump as astandby, The expantes nay from the cone to the pump shoud bowen beats th important in al cone eam tions. At O are shown two openin manhole, and Oz, about Oi in ae used for removal of foreign material such ge tramp iron, = A section of the tank is shown in view Fig. 9-38). Pipe A is about 36 in. in diainet andisflaredat the bottom. As shown, thence extends about 2 ft into the top eone, and the end of pipe is at about the same level where the cone meets the vertical side of the dome. The dome is about 12 ft in diameter and 19 f inheightoverall. At Bare shown sheaves carry. ing chain D, which is used with level finder R counterbalanced by weight E. This apparatus runs through pipe C. The purpose of the level finders to determine accurately the amount of stock inthe blow tank. A manhole is shown at G; the agitator is at H. Details of the agitator assembly are given. 1 view c, Figure 9-38, Drive motor A is con- ected direetly to speed reducer B, so that ver- Luci shaft D operates atabout 20 rpm. A special coupling C is required between the vertical ucar-reducer shaft and the stirrer shaft, because great care must be exercised to prevent any eccentricity at this point. The agitator shaft is. bout 54 in, in diameter and about 12 ftlong. Its supported on its upper and lower beans at L and F, Cast-iron split bearings are shown at F in the annealed steal casting, which is ‘welded to the cone after final alignment as been made, Follower glands at G hold the vacking. The vpper guide Bening 8 SP Ported by two 12-in, channels: Agitator stirrers H, I, and J ate about 5, 58%, and 12 ft long, respectively, In the Ue view b, center stirrer Lisset at right smiles (oH and J. The dilutionliquor inlets €@ der T supplies cone He at M, Pathe gt, UE oes ae at ang A propeller tye 8 shown in shown) is note 9 lit ghd Ge : vents lquor leakage ‘Feat extent. A liquor tap t ‘fers quo rap 1 is bold tote Buide bearing This trap contain a dahocrs Plate P, and the liquor is drained to the sews lector plate H. prey through outlet O, The agitator shaft is Sapp ith two tnechinde scew-pe slips Propellers $ "The wpper rose ee of tree 42, lean ade edhe ene Of thee 9Oin righthand Hades The Hades fiat tat aasunt of guanen tan ba vated by hangog te pitch foros Taaerelecvedig 0 tock por day Ss Mer propel conse of thee diet hand blades and the lower of 42-in. right-hand blades. The 42 in. /48 in. agitator is driven at a speed of 110 rpm. Heston, blow tanks The We essa ure ci sown in Fgwe O90 S Fe POP vis minute dgoens te handle stock at high consistency. The mul oe epee tehorotof neck Fe SEEN toiteve te soak ot Be ase aa sly een vito ‘or two variable-speed drives and move the Stock to one side, where it & dumped with « olleetor screw and conveyed at high consist- co roses oretnes, Tis type of bo 5 ees a brio nh ee aa rap king ne 9-22 mnows-sToCK WASHING i for ‘Two types of washing equipment used semova ef ack igor a te aur he ‘vacuum ‘iter, In comparing the m reteigge ofthe acu vast a diss sien, some pulpmill operators consiler’ 461BLOW TANKS* TABLE 9-11 20-fediam tank 22-fteliam tank Capacity per digester, po >| 1500 2.000 1500 2,000 3500 3,000 Weight, tons: aw Empty 44 8 “4 48 4 59 Full 386 446 304 448 508 366 Total surface, 2503018 ose 2at7 ae 3,408 ‘Max. height a 576” @2’6" 550" 590” 630" 670" Low level 2 @ 5 . 7. 5 ¥ Hetype columns Size | 12” WF 65" 12” WF 65 F65 12" WE 65 12” WF 72 14” WE Sd a 56” 56” 6 6 Height of cones F 16 16" 170" 179" 179" 18 and olinde og | 61” 611" #8” 8” 8" eS h Ihe iy a 13" i a . 2 Plate thickoes, Height, if ye ge x % i g| ee iene we eke ye S| ie ee WXS' XT Pegs ¥ ye Yee ey x 6 aliens" | re ey ” i i “Reference letters refer to Figure 9-38, ‘Weight in Ib/ft of wide-flange (WF) coluunn the time involved in the use of diffusers is a distinct advantaca nat nracant - the pulp by leaching or diff > wes wat! The24-fiediam tank 26-firdiam tank 4,061 3504 ‘ 736" 2 2 v ir i 14” WF 103 | 1” WF 72 14” WF 84 14” WF 87.14” WE 95. 14” WF 103.14” WE 111 14° WE 127 1" WR 95 6 6 er 56” Be 196” 196” 105" 105” 122" 25! 28" 10° 213” 213" 213") 213" I2" 122” ag" 13" is” ie we ne yr da ie yk | yexe Hx8 Loe ex Tigi xa we % yet! i E which reduces the amount of WAS 1c a continuous basis with a smallamount