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AREA
AND

13 VOLUME

Areas of some well-known figures are given below:

Perimeter in
S. Area in
Name Figure units of
No square units
length

b
1. Rectangle 2(a + b) ab
a
a = length
b = breadth

a
2. Square 4a a2
a
a = side 1
(diagonal)2
2
a

b h b

Parallelogra a
3. 2(a + b) ah
m a = side
b = side adjacent to a
h = distance between
the opp. parallel sides
a
d1
a
d2 a
1
4. Rhombus a d1d2
4a 2
a = side of rhombus;
d1,d2 are the two
diagonals

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D C
h1
h2

A B
5 Sum of its four 1
Quadrilateral AC is one of its (AC) (h1 + h2)
sides 2
diagonals and h1, h2
are the altitudes on
AC from D, B
respectively.
b

1
6. Trapezium a Sum of its four h(a + b)
2
a, b, are parallel sides
sides and h is the
distance between
parallel sides

a c
h
1
b×h
b a + b + c = 2s 2
7. Triangle b is the base and h where s is the or
is the altitude. semi perimeter. s(s − a)(s − b) (s − c
a, b, c are three
sides of ∆.

d
h

8. Right triangle b+h+d 1

b bh
d(hypotenuse) 2

= b2 + h2

a a
h
1
(i) ah
Equilateral a 2
9. 3a
triangle 3 2
a = side (ii) a
4
3
h = altitude = a
2

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a a
Isosceles c 4a 2 − c 2
10. 2a + c
triangle c 4
c = unequal side
a = equal side

d
a

a
d(hypotenuse) 1 2
11. 2a + d a
Isosceles =a 2 2
right triangle a = Each of equal
sides.
The angles are 90o,
45o, 45o.

r
•

12. Circle 2πr πr2

r = radius of the
circle
22
π= or 3.1416
7

•
13. Semicircle r r
1 2
r = radius of the πr + 2r πr
2
circle

R
Ring r •
14. (shaded …. π (R2 – r2)
region)
R = outer radius
r = inner radius

r θo r

l + 2r
Sector of a where l = θ
15. l × πr2
circle θ = central angle of
o
θ 360
×2πr
the sector 360
r = radius of the
sector
l = length of the arc

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Volumes of some well-known figures are given below:

S. Nature Lateral/ Total surface Volume

No of the Shape of the curved area
solid solid surface
area
Do you know?
Cuboid: h
The length of 1. Cuboid 2h (l + b) 2(lb + bh + lbh
b
diagonal l lh)
2 2 2 l = length
= l +b +h
Cube:
a
The length of the
4a2 6a2 a3
diagonal = a 3
2. Cube a
a

a = edge
2 (area of
(perimeter one end) +
Right
3. of base) × lateral Area of base
prism
Height surface area × height

h
Right
4. circular r 2πrh 2πr(r + h) πr2h
cylinder r = radius of
base
h = height of the
cylinder
1
(Perime
2 1
Area of the (Area of
ter of the 3
5. base + lateral
Right base) × base) ×
surface area
pyramid (slant height
height)

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Lateral/
Nature
S. Shape of the curved Total surface
of the Volume
No solid surface area
solid
area

h l

1 2
6. Right r
πr l πr(l + r) πr h
3
circular h = height
cone r = radius
l = slant height

r
• 4 3
7. –– 4πr2 πr
3
Sphere
r = radius

⎛2 3⎞
8. 2πr2 3πr2 ⎜ πr ⎟
Hemi- ⎝3 ⎠
sphere
r = radius

R
r

4
9. –– 4π (R2 –r2) π(R3–r3)
Spheric- 3
al shell R = outer
radius
r = inner radius

Volume R
10 πh 2 2
of h (R + r + Rr)
. 3
bucket
r

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