1.

Do an in-depth study about Reverse

Osmosis and Desalination. Include every step
of the process.

REVERSE OSMAIS AND DESALINATION

A reverse osmosis system consists of four major
components/processes:

PRETREATMENT: The incoming feed water is pretreated to be

compatible with the membranes by removing suspended solids,
adjusting the pH, and adding a threshold inhibitor to control
scaling caused by constituents such as calcium sulphate.

PRESSURIZATION: The pump raises the pressure of the

pretreated feed water to an operating pressure appropriate for
the membrane and the salinity of the feed water

SEPARATION: The permeable membranes inhibit the passage

of dissolved salts while permitting the desalinated product
water to pass through. Applying feed water to the membrane
assembly results in a fresh water product stream and a
concentrated brine reject stream. Because no membrane is
perfect in its rejection of dissolved salts, a small percentage of
salts passes through the membrane and remains in the product
water. Reverse osmosis membranes come in variety of
configurations.

STABILIZATION: The product water from the membrane

assembly usually requires pH adjustment and degasification
before being transferred to the distribution system for use as
drinking water.

In reverse osmosis desalination, water is taken from the sea

and receives the first treatment to eliminate impurities, oil
,seaweed, rubbish and so on. One free of organic substances,
the saltwater can be subjected to reverse osmosis. After the
filtering, we have to streams; one brine and the other fresh
water.

2. Do you think that these methods are feasible in the

Philippines? Why? Why not?

No, they, cannot make it where the majority of our

people are having problems paying their monthly bills and the
cost of living here. We are not at that stage yet that we can
afford to pay for desalination . it is very expensive We have
already computed it. The cost right now, for example, the
selling price of water is around PHP40, the cost of treating it for
desalination is already around PHP90 . so its more than double.
So I don’t think if we can do that.