VOLCANOES Viscosity

1. the property of the material’s resistance to flow.

The Philippines is located along the Ring of Fire. As a result, it
2. Also described as the liquid’s thickness and
is a home to many volcanoes. The most famous among our
stickiness. The more viscous and thicker the material
volcanoes is the Mayon Volcano that has erupted last May 7,
is, the greater its resistance to flow.
2013 while a group of hikers were exploring its beauty.
Factors that affect VISCOSITY:
Who could forget the terrible eruption of Pinatubo Volcano 1. The HIGHER the Temperature of the Magma , the
in 1992 after 600 years of inactivity? Based on statistics, in lower its viscosity .
the first five years following the eruption, lahars destroyed 2. MAGMA that contains LESS SILICA is relatively more
the homes of more than 100,000 people. Lahars also fluid.
covered about 120,000 hectares with sediment to an 3. In Near Surface Environments; loss of gasses ( water
average depth of about one meter, and floods spread rock vapor) makes the magma more viscous.
debris over a larger area. The eruption also affected other
THREE CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANOES ACCORDING TO
countries as its emissions in the atmosphere lowered the air
THEIR SHAPE(CONE) :
temperature.
1. SHIELD VOLCANO
According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and 2. CONE VOLCANO
Seismology (PHIVOLCS), our country is an ideal site for any 3. COMPOSITE VOLCANO
volcanic activity.
Types of VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY. 1. PHREATIC/HYDROTHERMAL
According to them our country is an ideal site for any  Is a STEAM driven eruption as the hot rocks comes in
volcanic activity dies, there are hundreds of recorded contact with water?
volcanoes all over the Philippines; twenty-three (23) are  Characterized by Ash columns but maybe an onset
active and the rest is Inactive. on larger eruptions.
What is a volcano? 2. PHREATOMAGNATIC
 A violent eruption due to the contact of water and
• A volcano is a mountain where lava (hot, liquid rock) magma .
comes from a magma chamber under the ground. A volcano  As a result, a large column of very fine ash and high-
usually has a summit, a slope and base. speed and sideway emission of pyroclastics called
• Most volcanoes have a volcanic crater at the top. When base surges occur.
they are active, materials pour out of it. This includes lava, 3. STROMBOLIAN
steam, gaseous compounds of sulphur, ash and broken rock 4. VULCANIAN
pieces. 5. PLINIAN
• Volcanoes erupt when magma and pressure come
together, and the pressure blows off the top of the solid
rock, and the magma pours out.
The most famous Active volcanoes in the Philippines:
MAYON Volcano situated in Albay, Mt. Canlaon in Negros
and Taal Volcano in Batangas
CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANOES:
1. ACTIVE VOLCANOES
 are those with recorded eruptions within the last
600 years.
 or those that erupted 10,000 years ago based on
analysis on their materials.
2. INACTIVE VOLCANOES
 those who have not erupted for the last 10,000 years
and their physical forms have been changed by
agents of weathering and erosion through
formations of deep and long gullies.
Factors that affect the Eruptive Styles of Volcanoes:
1. Magma’s Temperature
2. Chemical Compositions
3. Amount of Dissolved Gases it Contains