HW 1

Marija Vukotić
2015/0905

Analyze the syntactic structure of the following sentences:

1. Proverbs and sayings usually express the view that women are always talking, but the
reality is quite different.

Sent 🡪 Cl1 + conn + Cl2 ArtDef🡪the conn🡪Conj

Cl1🡪S+P H🡪N Conj🡪but
S🡪NP1+ conn + NP2 N🡪view Cl2🡪S + P
NP1🡪N Q🡪Cl S🡪NP
N🡪proverbs Cl🡪conn + S + P NP🡪Det + H
conn🡪Conj conn🡪Conj Det🡪ArtDef
Conj🡪and Conj🡪that ArtDef🡪the
NP2🡪N S🡪NP H🡪N
N🡪sayings NP🡪N N🡪reality
P🡪VP N🡪women P🡪VP
VP🡪AM + Vtr + DO P🡪VP VP🡪Vc + NomPred
AM🡪AdvP VP🡪Vaux + AM + Vc🡪is
AdvP🡪Adv Vm(intr) NomPred🡪AdjP
Adv🡪usually Vaux🡪are AdjP🡪M + H
Vtr🡪express AM🡪AdvP M🡪Adv
DO🡪NP AdvP🡪Adv Adv🡪quite
NP🡪Det + H + Q Adv🡪always H🡪Adj
Det🡪ArtDef Vm(intr) 🡪talking Adj🡪different

2. What was particularly annoying was the fact that the new manager never discussed his
plans with his colleagues.

Sent🡪S+P M🡪Adv H🡪N

S🡪Cl Adv🡪particularly N🡪fact
Cl🡪S+P H🡪Adj Q🡪Cl
S🡪NP Adj🡪annoying Cl🡪conn+S+P
NP🡪PronRel P🡪VP conn🡪Conj
PronRel🡪what VP🡪Vc+NomPred Conj🡪that
P🡪VP Vc🡪was S🡪NP
VP🡪Vc + NomPred NomPred🡪NP NP🡪Det+M+H
Vc🡪was NP🡪Det+H+Q Det🡪ArtDef
NomPred🡪AdjP Det🡪ArtDef ArtDef🡪the
AdjP🡪M+H ArtDef🡪the M🡪Adj
Adj🡪new N🡪manager
H🡪N

P🡪VP N🡪plans
VP🡪AM+Vtr+DO+AM AM🡪PrepP
AM🡪never PrepP🡪Prep+NP
Vtr🡪discussed Prep🡪with
DO🡪NP NP🡪Det+H
NP🡪Det+H Det🡪DetPoss
Det🡪DetPoss DetPoss🡪his
DetPoss🡪his H🡪N
H🡪N N🡪colleagues

3. If you have the ability to arouse the curiosity of young minds, teaching is an extremely
rewarding career.

Sent🡪AM+S+P DO🡪NP Vc🡪is

AM🡪Cl NP🡪Det+H+Q NomPred🡪NP
Cl🡪conn+S+P Det🡪ArtDef NP🡪Det+M+H
conn🡪Conj ArtDef🡪the Det🡪ArtIndef
Conj🡪if H🡪N ArtIndef🡪an
S🡪NP N🡪curiosity M🡪AdjP
NP🡪PronPers Q🡪PrepP AdjP🡪M+H
PronPers🡪you PrepP🡪Prep+NP M🡪Adv
P🡪VP Prep🡪of Adv🡪extremely
VP🡪Vtr+DO NP🡪M+H H🡪Adj
Vtr🡪have M🡪Adj Adj🡪rewarding
DO🡪NP Adj🡪young H🡪N
NP🡪Det+H+Q H🡪N N🡪career
Det🡪ArtDef N🡪minds
ArtDef🡪the S🡪VingP
H🡪N VingP🡪Ving(intr)
N🡪ability Ving(intr) 🡪teaching
Q🡪VinfP P🡪VP
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO VP🡪Vc+NomPred
Vinf(tr) 🡪to arouse
4. Tim travelled in various parts of the world without wishing to find himself a permanent
home or a steady job.

Sent🡪S+P Prep🡪of DO🡪NP1+conn+NP2

S🡪NP NP🡪Det+H NP1🡪Det+M+H
NP🡪N Det🡪ArtDef Det🡪ArtIndef
N🡪Tim ArtDef🡪the ArtIndef🡪a
P🡪VP H🡪N M🡪Adj
VP🡪Vintr+AM1+AM2 N🡪world Adj🡪permanent
Vintr🡪travelled AM2🡪PrepP H🡪N
AM1🡪PrepP PrepP🡪Prep+VingP N🡪home
PrepP🡪Prep+NP Prep🡪without conn🡪Conj
Prep🡪in VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO Conj🡪or
NP🡪M+H+Q Ving(tr) 🡪wishing NP2🡪Det+M+H
M🡪Adj DO🡪VinfP Det🡪ArtIndef
Adj🡪various VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+IO+DO ArtIndef🡪a
H🡪N Vinf(tr) 🡪to find M🡪Adj
N🡪parts IO🡪NP Adj🡪steady
Q🡪PrepP NP🡪PronRefl H🡪N
PrepP🡪Prep+NP PronRefl🡪himself N🡪job

5. Although many students said that they found the course difficult, the exam results turned
out to be quite good.

Sent🡪AM+S+P S🡪NP ArtDef🡪the

AM🡪Cl NP🡪PronPers M🡪N
Cl🡪conn+S+P PronPers🡪they N🡪exam
conn🡪Conj P🡪VP H🡪N
Conj🡪although VP🡪Vtr+DO+C N🡪results
S🡪NP Vtr🡪found P🡪VP
NP🡪M+H DO🡪NP VP🡪Vtr+DO
M🡪Adj NP🡪Det+H Vtr🡪turned out
Adj🡪many Det🡪ArtDef DO🡪VinfP
H🡪N ArtDef🡪the VinfP🡪Vinf(c)+NomPred
N🡪students H🡪N Vinf(c) 🡪to be
P🡪VP N🡪course NomPred🡪AdjP
VP🡪Vtr+DO C🡪AdjP AdjP🡪M+H
Vtr🡪said AdjP🡪Adj M🡪Adv
DO🡪Cl Adj🡪difficult Adv🡪quite
Cl🡪conn+S+P S🡪NP H🡪Adj
conn🡪Conj NP🡪Det+M+H Adj🡪good
Conj🡪that Det🡪ArtDef
6. This intriguing account made everybody believe that something was wrong and the editor
requested a new research.

Sent🡪Cl1+conn+Cl2 DO🡪Cl ArtDef🡪the

Cl1🡪S+P Cl🡪conn+S+P H🡪N
S🡪NP conn🡪Conj N🡪editor
NP🡪Det+M+H Conj🡪that P🡪VP
Det🡪DetDem S🡪NP VP🡪Vtr+DO
M🡪Adj NP🡪PronIndef Vtr🡪requested
Adj🡪intriguing PronIndef🡪something DO🡪NP
H🡪N P🡪VP NP🡪Det+M+H
N🡪account VP🡪Vc+NomPred Det🡪ArtIndef
P🡪VP Vc🡪was ArtIndef🡪a
VP🡪Vtr+DO+C NomPred🡪AdjP M🡪Adj
Vtr🡪made AdjP🡪Adj Adj🡪new
DO🡪NP Adj🡪wrong H🡪N
NP🡪PronIndef/Univ conn🡪Conj N🡪research
PronIndef/Univ🡪everybo Conj🡪and
dy Cl2🡪S+P
C🡪VinfP S🡪NP
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO NP🡪Det+H
Det🡪ArtDef
Vinf(tr) 🡪believe
7. Some people always worry and make their life difficult, but she believes that life is a
matter of passing the time enjoyably.

Sent🡪Cl1+conn+Cl2 Vtr🡪make Vtr🡪believes

Cl1🡪S+P DO🡪NP DO🡪Cl
S🡪NP NP🡪Det+H Cl🡪conn+S+P
NP🡪Det+H Det🡪DetPoss conn🡪Conj
Det🡪DetIndef DetPoss🡪their Conj🡪that
DetIndef🡪some H🡪N S🡪NP
H🡪N N🡪life NP🡪N
N🡪people C🡪AdjP N🡪life
P🡪VP1+conn+VP2 AdjP🡪Adj P🡪VP
VP1🡪AM+Vintr Adj🡪difficult VP🡪Vc+NomPred
AM🡪AdvP conn🡪Conj Vc🡪is
AdvP🡪Adv Conj🡪but NomPred🡪NP
Adv🡪always S🡪NP NP🡪Det+H+Q
Vintr🡪worry NP🡪PronPers Det🡪ArtIndef
conn🡪Conj PronPers🡪she ArtIndef🡪a
Conj🡪and P🡪VP H🡪N
VP2🡪Vtr+DO+C VP🡪Vtr+DO N🡪matter
Q🡪PrepP H🡪N
PrepP🡪Prep+VingP N🡪time
Prep🡪of C🡪AdvP
VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO+C AdvP🡪Adv
Ving(tr) 🡪passing Adv🡪enjoyably
DO🡪NP
NP🡪Det+H
Det🡪ArtDef
ArtDef🡪the
8. Strangely enough, the chairman of the board got up and left the room, despite the fact that
everybody expected him to give a speech.

Sent🡪AM1+S+P+AM2

AM1🡪AdvP conn🡪Conj S🡪NP

AdvP🡪H+Q Conj🡪and NP🡪PronIndef/Univ
H🡪Adv VP2🡪Vtr+DO PronIndef/Univ🡪everybo
Adv🡪strangely Vtr🡪left dy
Q🡪Adv DO🡪NP P🡪VP
Adv🡪enough NP🡪Det+H VP🡪Vtr+DO+C
S🡪NP Det🡪ArtDef Vtr🡪expected
NP🡪Det+H+Q ArtDef🡪the DO🡪NP
Det🡪ArtDef H🡪N NP🡪PronPers
ArtDef🡪the N🡪room PronPers🡪him
H🡪N AM2🡪PrepP C🡪VinfP
N🡪chairman PrepP🡪Prep+NP VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
Q🡪PrepP Prep🡪despite Vinf(tr)🡪to give
PrepP🡪Prep+NP NP🡪Det+H+Q DO🡪NP
Prep🡪of Det🡪ArtDef NP🡪Det+H
NP🡪Det+H ArtDef🡪the Det🡪ArtIndef
Det🡪ArtDef H🡪N ArtIndef🡪a
ArtDef🡪the N🡪fact H🡪N
H🡪N Q🡪Cl N🡪speech
N🡪board Cl🡪conn+S+P
P🡪VP1+conn+VP2 conn🡪Conj
VP1🡪Vintr Conj🡪that
Vintr🡪got up
9. What you should do is choose the people who will appreciate the fact that this expedition
involves certain dangers.

Sent🡪S+P NP🡪Det+H+Q H🡪N

S🡪Cl Det🡪ArtDef N🡪fact
Cl🡪conn+S+P ArtDef🡪the Q🡪Cl
conn🡪PronRel H🡪N Cl🡪S+P
PronRel🡪what N🡪people S🡪NP
S🡪NP Q🡪Cl NP🡪Det+H
NP🡪PronPers Cl🡪S+P Det🡪ArtDef
PronPers🡪you S🡪NP H🡪N
P🡪VP NP🡪PronRel N🡪expedition
VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr) PronRel🡪who P🡪VP
Vaux🡪should P🡪VP VP🡪Vtr+DO
Vm(tr) 🡪do VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr)+DO Vtr🡪involves
P🡪VP Vaux🡪will DO🡪NP
VP🡪Vc+NomPred Vm(tr) 🡪appreciate NP🡪M+H
Vc🡪is DO🡪NP M🡪Adj
NomPred🡪VinfP NP🡪Det+H+Q Adj🡪certain
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO Det🡪ArtDef H🡪N
Vinf(tr) 🡪choose ArtDef🡪the N🡪dangers
DO🡪NP
10. I believe that you should be particularly careful in future, because everybody knows that
your boss always means what he says.

Sent🡪S+P+AM Vm(c) 🡪be PronIndef/Univ🡪everybo

S🡪NP NomPred🡪AdjP dy
NP🡪PronPers AdjP🡪M+H+Q P🡪VP
PronPers🡪I M🡪Adv VP🡪Vtr+DO
P🡪VP Adv🡪particularly Vtr🡪knows
VP🡪Vtr+DO H🡪Adj DO🡪Cl
Vtr🡪believe Adj🡪careful Cl🡪conn+S+P
DO🡪Cl Q🡪PrepP conn🡪Conj
Cl🡪conn+S+P PrepP🡪Prep+NP Conj🡪that
conn🡪Conj Prep🡪in S🡪NP
Conj🡪that NP🡪N NP🡪Det+H
S🡪NP N🡪future Det🡪DetPoss
NP🡪PronPers AM🡪Cl DetPoss🡪your
PronPers🡪you Cl🡪conn+S+P H🡪N
P🡪VP conn🡪Conj N🡪boss
VP🡪Vaux+Vm(c)+NomP Conj🡪because P🡪VP
red S🡪NP VP🡪AM+Vtr+DO
Vaux🡪should NP🡪PronInfed/Univ AM🡪AdvP
AdvP🡪Adv PronPers🡪he
Adv🡪always P🡪VP
Vtr🡪means VP🡪Vtr
DO🡪Cl Vtr🡪says
Cl🡪conn+S+P
conn🡪PronRel
PronRel🡪what
S🡪NP
NP🡪PronPers
11. What the correspondents learned very quickly under the circumstances was that they must
obey the rules of the censorship.

Sent🡪S+P Adv🡪quickly PronPers🡪they

S🡪Cl AM2🡪PrepP P🡪VP
Cl🡪conn+S+P PrepP🡪Prep+NP VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr)+DO
conn🡪PronRel Prep🡪under Vaux🡪must
PronRel🡪what NP🡪Det+H Vm(tr) 🡪obey
S🡪NP Det🡪ArtDef DO🡪NP
NP🡪Det+H ArtDef🡪the NP🡪Det+H+Q
Det🡪ArtDef H🡪N Det🡪ArtDef
ArtDef🡪the N🡪circumstances ArtDef🡪the
H🡪N P🡪VP H🡪N
N🡪correspondents VP🡪Vc+NomPred N🡪rules
P🡪VP Vc🡪was Q🡪PrepP
VP🡪Vtr+AM1+AM2 NomPred🡪Cl PrepP🡪Prep+NP
Vtr🡪learned Cl🡪conn+S+P Prep🡪of
AM1🡪AdvP conn🡪Conj NP🡪N
AdvP🡪M+H Conj🡪that N🡪censorship
M🡪Adv S🡪NP
Adv🡪very NP🡪PronPers
H🡪Adv
12. Although it is very dangerous, many people simply ignore the risk and consume alcohol
before sitting behind the wheel.

Sent🡪AM+S+P VP🡪Vc+NomPred NP🡪M+H

AM🡪Cl Vc🡪is M🡪Adj
Cl🡪conn+S+P NomPred🡪AdjP H🡪N
conn🡪Conj AdjP🡪M+H N🡪people
Conj🡪although M🡪Adv P🡪VP1+conn+VP2
S🡪NP Adv🡪very VP1🡪AM+Vtr+DO
NP🡪PronPers H🡪Adj AM🡪AdvP
PronPers🡪it Adj🡪dangerous AdvP🡪Adv
P🡪VP S🡪NP Adv🡪simply
Vtr🡪ignore PrepP🡪Prep+NP
DO🡪NP Prep🡪behind
NP🡪Det+H NP🡪Det+H
Det🡪ArtDef Det🡪ArtDef
ArtDef🡪the ArtDef🡪the
H🡪N H🡪N
N🡪risk N🡪wheel
conn🡪Conj
Conj🡪and
VP2🡪Vtr+DO+AM
Vtr🡪consume
DO🡪NP
NP🡪N
N🡪alcohol
AM🡪PrepP
PrepP🡪Prep+VingP
Prep🡪before
VingP🡪Ving(intr)+AM
Ving(intr) 🡪sitting
AM🡪PrepP
13. The curious thing about the photograph Robert took is that it soon became famous despite
being essentially ambiguous.

Sent🡪S+P S🡪NP P🡪VP

S🡪NP NP🡪N VP🡪Vtr
NP🡪Det+M+H+Q N🡪Robert Vtr🡪took
Det🡪ArtDef P🡪VP
ArtDef🡪the VP🡪Vc+NomPred
M🡪Adj Vc🡪is
Adj🡪curious NomPred🡪Cl
H🡪N Cl🡪conn+S+P
N🡪thing conn🡪Conj
Q🡪PrepP Conj🡪that
PrepP🡪Prep+NP S🡪NP
Prep🡪about NP🡪PronPers
NP🡪Det+H+Q PronPers🡪it
Det🡪ArtDef P🡪VP
ArtDef🡪the VP🡪AM1+Vc+NomPred
H🡪N +AM2
N🡪photograph AM1🡪AdvP
Q🡪Cl AdvP🡪Adv
Cl🡪S+P Adv🡪soon
Vc🡪became AdjP🡪Adj
NomPred🡪AdjP Adj🡪famous
AM2🡪PrepP
PrepP🡪Prep+VingP
Prep🡪despite
VingP🡪Ving(c)+NomPre
d
Ving🡪being
NomPred🡪AdjP
AdjP🡪M+H
M🡪Adv
Adv🡪essentially
H🡪Adj
Adj🡪ambiguous

14. Since things continued to grow worse, we changed our plans and finally managed to find
a solution which would make everybody happy.

Sent🡪AM+S+P DetPoss🡪our Vinf(tr) 🡪to find

AM🡪conn+S+P H🡪N DO🡪NP
conn🡪Conj N🡪plans NP🡪Det+H+Q
Conj🡪since conn🡪Conj Det🡪ArtIndef
S🡪NP Conj🡪and ArtIndef🡪a
NP🡪N VP2🡪AM+Vtr+DO H🡪N
N🡪things AM🡪AdvP N🡪solution
P🡪VP AdvP🡪Adv Q🡪Cl
VP🡪Vtr+DO Adv🡪finally Cl🡪S+P
Vtr🡪continued Vtr🡪managed S🡪NP
DO🡪VinfP DO🡪VinfPVinfP🡪Vinf(tr NP🡪PronRel
VinfP🡪Vinf(c)+NomPred )+DO PronRel🡪which
Vinf(c) 🡪to grow
NomPred🡪AdjP
AdjP🡪Adj
Adj🡪worse
S🡪NP
NP🡪PronPers
PronPers🡪we
P🡪VP1+conn+VP2
VP1🡪Vtr+DO
Vtr🡪changed
DO🡪NP
NP🡪Det+H
Det🡪DetPoss
P🡪VP Vm(tr) 🡪make dy
VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr)+DO+ DO🡪NP C🡪AdjP
C NP🡪PronIndef/Univ AdjP🡪Adj
Vaux🡪would PronIndef/Univ🡪everybo Adj🡪happy

15. You and your mother are under a very mistaken impression that making a prosperous
young woman cook meals is a smart strategy.

Sent🡪S+P DO🡪NP
S🡪NP1+conn+NP2 NP🡪Det+M1+M2+H
NP1🡪PronPers Det🡪ArtIndef
PronPers🡪you ArtIndef🡪a
conn🡪Conj M1🡪Adj
Conj🡪and Adj🡪prosperous
NP2🡪Det+H M2🡪Adj
Det🡪DetPoss Adj🡪young
DetPoss🡪your H🡪N
H🡪N N🡪woman
N🡪mother C🡪VinfP
P🡪VP VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
VP🡪Vc+NomPred Vinf(tr) 🡪cook
Vc🡪are DO🡪NP
NomPred🡪PrepP NP🡪N
PrepP🡪Prep+NP N🡪meals
Prep🡪under P🡪VP
NP🡪Det+M+H+Q VP🡪Vc+NomPred
Det🡪ArtIndef Vc🡪is
ArtIndef🡪a NomPred🡪NP
M🡪AdjP NP🡪Det+M+H
AdjP🡪M+H Det🡪ArtIndef
M🡪Adv ArtIndef🡪a
Adv🡪very M🡪Adj
H🡪Adj Adj🡪smart
Adj🡪mistaken H🡪N
H🡪N N🡪strategy
N🡪impression
Q🡪Cl
Cl🡪conn+S+P
conn🡪Conj
Conj🡪that
S🡪VingP
VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO+C
Ving(tr) 🡪making
16. The correspondent sensed that what he was witnessing was a significant moment in
history and he took some great photographs.

Sent🡪Cl1+conn+Cl2 P🡪VP Conj🡪and

Cl1🡪S+P VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr) S🡪NP
S🡪NP Vaux🡪was NP🡪PronPers
NP🡪Det+H Vm(tr) 🡪witnessing PronPers🡪he
Det🡪ArtDef P🡪VP P🡪VP
ArtDef🡪the VP🡪Vc+NomPred VP🡪Vtr+DO
H🡪N Vc🡪was Vtr🡪took
N🡪correspondent NomPred🡪NP DO🡪NP
P🡪VP NP🡪Det+M+H+Q NP🡪Det+M+H
VP🡪Vtr+DO Det🡪ArtIndef Det🡪DetIndef
Vtr🡪sensed ArtIndef🡪a DetIndef🡪some
DO🡪Cl M🡪Adj M🡪Adj
Cl🡪conn+S+P Adj🡪significant Adj🡪great
conn🡪Conj H🡪N H🡪N
Conj🡪that N🡪moment N🡪photographs
S🡪Cl Q🡪PrepP
Cl🡪conn+S+P PrepP🡪Prep+NP
conn🡪PronRel Prep🡪in
PronRel🡪what NP🡪N
S🡪NP N🡪history
NP🡪PronPers conn🡪Conj
PronPers🡪he
17. What was certain was that making John find a steady job would be the best thing to do
under the circumstances.

Sent🡪S+P NomPred🡪Cl Det🡪ArtIndef

S🡪Cl Cl🡪conn+S+P ArtIndef🡪a
Cl🡪S+P conn🡪Conj M🡪Adj
S🡪NP Conj🡪that Adj🡪steady
NP🡪PronRel S🡪VingP H🡪N
PronRel🡪what VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO+C N🡪job
P🡪VP Ving(tr) 🡪making P🡪VP
VP🡪Vc+NomPred DO🡪NP VP🡪Vaux+Vm(c)+NomP
Vc🡪was NP🡪N red+AM
NomPred🡪AdjP N🡪John Aux🡪would
AdjP🡪Adj C🡪VinfP Vm(c) 🡪be
Adj🡪certain VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO NomPred🡪NP
P🡪VP Vinf(tr)🡪find NP🡪Det+M+H+Q
VP🡪Vc+NomPred DO🡪NP Det🡪ArtDef
Vc🡪was NP🡪Det+M+H ArtDef🡪the
M🡪Adj NP🡪Det+H
Adj🡪best Det🡪ArtDef
H🡪N ArtDef🡪the
N🡪thing H🡪N
Q🡪VinfP N🡪circumstances
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)
Vinf(tr) 🡪to do
AM🡪PrepP
PrepP🡪Prep+NP
Prep🡪under
18. Despite the discomforts, the railways offered many thousands of people a chance to leave
home and soon became hugely popular.

Sent🡪AM+S+P NP🡪M+H+Q Vinf(tr) 🡪to leave

AM🡪PrepP M🡪Adj DO🡪NP
PrepP🡪Prep+NP Adj🡪many NP🡪N
Prep🡪despite H🡪N N🡪home
NP🡪Det+H N🡪thousands conn🡪Conj
Det🡪ArtDef Q🡪PrepP Conj🡪and
ArtDef🡪the PrepP🡪Prep+NP VP2🡪AM+Vc+NomPred
H🡪N Prep🡪of AM🡪AdvP
N🡪discomforts NP🡪N AdvP🡪Adv
S🡪NP N🡪people Adv🡪soon
NP🡪Det+H DO🡪NP Vc🡪became
Det🡪ArtDef NP🡪Det+H+Q NomPred🡪AdjP
ArtDef🡪the Det🡪ArtIndef AdjP🡪M+H
H🡪N ArtIndef🡪a M🡪Adv
N🡪railways H🡪N Adv🡪hugely
P🡪VP1+conn+VP2 N🡪chance H🡪Adj
VP1🡪Vtr+IO+DO Q🡪VinfP Adj🡪popular
Vtr🡪offered VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
IO🡪NP
19. What was absolutely crucial was the fact that the teacher always made the students feel
that what they were doing was worthwhile.
Sent🡪S+P

S🡪Cl VP🡪Vc+NomPred H🡪Adj

Cl🡪S+P Vc🡪was Adj🡪crucial
S🡪NP NomPred🡪AdjP P🡪VP
NP🡪PronRel AdjP🡪M+H VP🡪Vc+NomPred
PronRel🡪what M🡪Adv Vc🡪was
P🡪VP Adv🡪absolutely NomPred🡪NP
NP🡪Det+H+Q Cl🡪conn+S+P P🡪VP
Det🡪ArtDef conn🡪Conj VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr)
ArtDef🡪the Conj🡪that Vaux🡪were
H🡪N S🡪Cl Vm(tr) 🡪doing
N🡪fact Cl🡪S+P P🡪VP
Q🡪Cl S🡪Cl VP🡪Vc+NomPred
Cl🡪conn+S+P Cl🡪conn+S+P Vc🡪was
conn🡪Conj conn🡪PronRel NomPred🡪AdjP
Conj🡪that PronRel🡪what AdjP🡪Adj
S🡪NP S🡪NP Adj🡪worthwhile
NP🡪Det+H NP🡪PronPers
Det🡪ArtDef PronPers🡪they
ArtDef🡪the
H🡪N
N🡪teacher
P🡪VP
VP🡪AM+Vtr+DO+C
AM🡪AdvP
AdvP🡪Adv
Adv🡪always
Vtr🡪made
DO🡪NP
NP🡪Det+H
Det🡪ArtDef
ArtDef🡪the
H🡪N
N🡪students
C🡪VinfP
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
Vinf(tr) 🡪feel
DO🡪Cl
20. Edison was obviously a brilliant inventor, but what made him truly exceptional was his
ability to organize entire systems from scratch.

Sent🡪Cl1+conn+Cl2 AM🡪AdvP Adj🡪brilliant

Cl1🡪S+P AdvP🡪Adv H🡪N
S🡪NP Adv🡪obviously N🡪inventor
NP🡪N NomPred🡪NP conn🡪Conj
N🡪Edison NP🡪Det+M+H Conj🡪but
P🡪VP Det🡪ArtIndef Cl2🡪S+P
VP🡪Vc+AM+NomPred ArtIndef🡪a S🡪Cl
Vc🡪was M🡪Adj Cl🡪S+P
S🡪NP H🡪Adj Vinf(tr) 🡪to organize
NP🡪PronRel Adj🡪exceptional DO🡪NP
PronRel🡪what P🡪VP NP🡪M+H
P🡪VP VP🡪Vc+NomPred M🡪Adj
VP🡪Vtr+DO+C Vc🡪was Adj🡪entire
Vtr🡪made NomPred🡪NP H🡪N
DO🡪NP NP🡪Det+H+Q N🡪systems
NP🡪PronPers Det🡪DetPoss AM🡪PrepP
PronPers🡪him DetPoss🡪his PrepP🡪Prep+NP
C🡪AdjP H🡪N Prep🡪from
AdjP🡪M+H N🡪ability NP🡪N
M🡪Adv Q🡪VinfP N🡪scratch
Adv🡪truly VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO+AM
21. Although some people seem to think that the fact that languages change the meanings of
their words is unfortunate, languages are in fact self-regulating systems.

Sent🡪AM+S+P H🡪N N🡪words

AM🡪Cl N🡪fact P🡪VP
Cl🡪conn+S+P Q🡪Cl VP🡪Vc+NomPred
conn🡪Conj Cl🡪conn+S+P Vc🡪is
Conj🡪although conn🡪Conj NomPred🡪AdjP
S🡪NP Conj🡪that AdjP🡪Adj
NP🡪Det+H S🡪NP Adj🡪unfortunate
Det🡪DetIndef NP🡪N S🡪NP
DetIndef🡪some N🡪languages NP🡪N
H🡪N P🡪VP N🡪languages
N🡪people VP🡪Vtr+DO P🡪VP
S🡪VP Vtr🡪change VP🡪Vc+AM+NomPred
VP🡪Vc+NomPred DO🡪NP Vc🡪are
Vc🡪seem NP🡪Det+H+Q AM🡪PrepP
NomPred🡪VinfP Det🡪ArtDef PrepP🡪Prep+NP
VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO ArtDef🡪the Prep🡪in
Vinf(tr) 🡪to think H🡪N NP🡪N
DO🡪Cl N🡪meanings N🡪fact
Cl🡪conn+S+P Q🡪PrepP NomPred🡪NP
conn🡪Conj PrepP🡪Prep+NP NP🡪M+H
Conj🡪that Prep🡪of M🡪Adj
S🡪NP NP🡪Det+H Adj🡪self-regulating
NP🡪Det+H+Q Det🡪DetPoss H🡪N
Det🡪ArtDef DetPoss🡪their N🡪systems
ArtDef🡪the H🡪N
22. The professor said that teaching an introductory course made him realize that what was
really important was to spread the love of physics.

Sent🡪S+P H🡪N NomPred🡪AdjP

S🡪NP N🡪course AdjP🡪M+H
NP🡪Det+H P🡪VP M🡪Adv
Det🡪ArtDef VP🡪Vtr+DO+C Adv🡪really
ArtDef🡪the Vtr🡪made H🡪Adj
H🡪N DO🡪NP Adj🡪important
N🡪professor NP🡪PronPers P🡪VP
P🡪VP PronPers🡪him VP🡪Vc+NomPred
VP🡪Vtr+DO C🡪VinfP Vc🡪was
Vtr🡪said VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO NomPred🡪VinfP
DO🡪Cl Vinf(tr) 🡪realize VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
Cl🡪conn+S+P DO🡪Cl Vinf(tr) 🡪to spread
conn🡪Conj Cl🡪conn+S+P DO🡪NP
Conj🡪that conn🡪Conj NP🡪Det+H+Q
S🡪VingP Conj🡪that Det🡪ArtDef
VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO S🡪Cl ArtDef🡪the
Ving(tr) 🡪teaching Cl🡪S+P H🡪N
DO🡪NP S🡪NP N🡪love
NP🡪Det+M+H NP🡪PronRel Q🡪PrepP
Det🡪ArtIndef PronRel🡪what PrepP🡪Prep+NP
ArtIndef🡪an P🡪VP Prep🡪of
M🡪Adj VP🡪Vc+NomPred NP🡪N
Adj🡪introductory Vc🡪was N🡪physics

23. This brilliant scientist uses the Internet to spread knowledge through cyberspace and
claims that what counts is to make students love physics.

Sent🡪S+P

S🡪NP
NP🡪Det+M+H

Det🡪DetDem P🡪VP1+conn+VP2 ArtDef🡪the

DetDem🡪this VP1🡪Vtr+DO+AM H🡪N
M🡪Adj Vtr🡪uses N🡪Internet
Adj🡪brilliant DO🡪NP AM🡪VinfP
H🡪N NP🡪Det+H VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO+AM
N🡪scientist Det🡪ArtDef Vinf(tr) 🡪to spread
DO🡪NP Cl🡪conn+S+P Vc🡪is
NP🡪N conn🡪Conj NomPred🡪VinfP
N🡪knowledge Conj🡪that VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO+C
AM🡪PrepP S🡪Cl Vinf(tr) 🡪to make
PrepP🡪Prep+NP Cl🡪S+P DO🡪NP
Prep🡪through S🡪NP NP🡪N
NP🡪N NP🡪PronRel N🡪students
N🡪cyberspace PronRel🡪what C🡪VinfP
conn🡪Conj P🡪VP VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
Conj🡪and VP🡪Vintr Vinf(tr) 🡪love
VP2🡪Vtr+DO Vintr🡪counts DO🡪NP
Vtr🡪claims P🡪VP NP🡪N
DO🡪Cl VP🡪Vc+NomPred N🡪physics

24. Although sharing meals is undoubtedly an important courtship ritual, many couples with
dietary differences seem to face serious problems.

Sent🡪AM+S+P NP🡪Det+M1+M2+H NP🡪M+H

AM🡪Cl Det🡪ArtIndef M🡪Adj
Cl🡪conn+S+P ArtIndef🡪an Adj🡪dietary
conn🡪Conj M1🡪Adj H🡪N
Conj🡪although Adj🡪important N🡪differences
S🡪VingP M2🡪N P🡪VP
VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO N🡪courtship VP🡪Vc+NomPred
Ving(tr) 🡪sharing H🡪N Vc🡪seem
DO🡪NP N🡪ritual NomPred🡪VinfP
NP🡪N S🡪NP VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
N🡪meals NP🡪M+H+Q Vinf(tr) 🡪to face
P🡪VP M🡪Adj DO🡪NP
VP🡪Vc+AM+NomPred Adj🡪many NP🡪M+H
Vc🡪is H🡪N M🡪Adj
AM🡪AdvP N🡪couples Adj🡪serious
AdvP🡪Adv Q🡪PrepP H🡪N
Adv🡪undoubtedly PrepP🡪Prep+NP N🡪problems
NomPred🡪NP Prep🡪with

25. This company seems to ignore the fact that hiring executives who have experience across
different cultures makes the international business grow faster.

Sent🡪S+P DetDem🡪this VP🡪Vc+NomPred

S🡪NP H🡪N Vc🡪seems
NP🡪Det+H N🡪company NomPred🡪VinfP
Det🡪DetDem P🡪VP VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO
Vinf(tr) 🡪to ignore Q🡪Cl H🡪N
DO🡪NP Cl🡪S+P N🡪cultures
NP🡪Det+H+Q S🡪NP P🡪VP
Det🡪ArtDef NP🡪PronRel VP🡪Vtr+DO+C
ArtDef🡪the PronRel🡪who Vtr🡪makes
H🡪N P🡪VP DO🡪NP
N🡪fact VP🡪Vtr+DO NP🡪Det+M+H
Q🡪Cl Vtr🡪have Det🡪ArtDef
Cl🡪conn+S+P DO🡪NP ArtDef🡪the
conn🡪Conj NP🡪H+Q M🡪Adj
Conj🡪that H🡪N Adj🡪international
S🡪VingP N🡪experience H🡪N
VingP🡪Ving(tr)+DO Q🡪PrepP N🡪business
Ving(tr) 🡪hiring PrepP🡪Prep+NP C🡪VinfP
DO🡪NP Prep🡪across VinfP🡪Vinf(intr)+AM
NP🡪H+Q NP🡪M+H Vinf(intr) 🡪grow
H🡪N M🡪Adj AM🡪AdvP
N🡪executives Adj🡪different AdvP🡪Adv
Adv🡪faster

26. The thing that could make him leave is that the colleagues in the company have turned
out to be very unfriendly without any obvious reason.

Sent🡪S+P NP🡪PronPers Q🡪PrepP

S🡪NP PronPers🡪him PrepP🡪Prep+NP
NP🡪Det+H+Q C🡪VinfP Prep🡪in
Det🡪ArtDef VinfP🡪Vinf(intr) NP🡪Det+H
ArtDef🡪the Vinf(intr) 🡪leave Det🡪ArtDef
H🡪N P🡪VP ArtDef🡪the
N🡪thing VP🡪Vc+NomPred H🡪N
Q🡪Cl Vc🡪is N🡪company
Cl🡪S+P NomPred🡪Cl P🡪VP
S🡪NP Cl🡪conn+S+P VP🡪Vaux+Vm(c)+NomP
NP🡪PronRel conn🡪Conj red
PronRel🡪that Conj🡪that Vaux🡪have
P🡪VP S🡪NP Vm(c)🡪turned out
VP🡪Vaux+Vm(tr)+DO+ NP🡪Det+H+Q NomPred🡪VinfP
C Det🡪ArtDef VinfP🡪Vinf(c)+NomPred
Vaux🡪could ArtDef🡪the +AM
Vm(tr) 🡪make H🡪N Vinf(c) 🡪to be
DO🡪NP N🡪colleagues NomPred🡪AdjP
AdjP🡪M+H AM🡪PrepP DetIndef🡪any
M🡪Adv PrepP🡪Prep+NP M🡪Adj
Adv🡪very Prep🡪without Adj🡪obvious
H🡪Adj NP🡪Det+M+H H🡪N
Adj🡪unfriendly Det🡪DetIndef N🡪reason

27. Though Jefferson and his friends favoured some unusual spellings, to suggest that these
men showed little concern for language standards would be utterly wrong.

Sent🡪AM+S+P M🡪Adj M🡪Adj

AM🡪Cl Adj🡪unusual Adj🡪little
Cl🡪conn+S+P H🡪N H🡪N
conn🡪Conj N🡪spellings N🡪concern
Conj🡪though S🡪VinfP Q🡪PrepP
S🡪NP1+conn+NP2 VinfP🡪Vinf(tr)+DO PrepP🡪Prep+NP
NP1🡪N Vinf(tr) 🡪to suggest Prep🡪for
N🡪Jefferson DO🡪Cl NP🡪M+H
conn🡪Conj Cl🡪conn+S+P M🡪N
Conj🡪and conn🡪Conj N🡪language
NP2🡪Det+H Conj🡪that H🡪N
Det🡪DetPoss S🡪NP N🡪standards
DetPoss🡪his NP🡪Det+H P🡪VP
H🡪N Det🡪DetDem VP🡪Vaux+Vm(c)+NomP
N🡪friends DetDem🡪these red
P🡪VP H🡪N Vaux🡪would
VP🡪Vtr+DO N🡪men Vm(c) 🡪be
Vtr🡪favoured P🡪VP NomPred🡪AdjP
DO🡪NP VP🡪Vtr+DO AdjP🡪M+H
NP🡪Det+M+H Vtr🡪showed M🡪Adv
Det🡪DetIndef DO🡪NP Adv🡪utterly
DetIndef🡪some NP🡪M+H+Q H🡪Adj
Adj🡪wrong

28. People who claim that standards of literacy are declining often consider journalists to be
responsible, but the media simply reproduce the way we use the language.

Sent🡪Cl1+conn+Cl2 S🡪NP conn🡪Conj

Cl1🡪S+P NP🡪PronRel Conj🡪that
S🡪NP PronRel🡪who S🡪NP
NP🡪H+Q P🡪VP NP🡪H+Q
H🡪N VP🡪Vtr+DO H🡪N
N🡪people Vtr🡪claim N🡪standards
Q🡪Cl DO🡪Cl Q🡪PrepP
Cl🡪S+P Cl🡪conn+S+P PrepP🡪Prep+NP
Prep🡪of NomPred🡪AdjP NP🡪Det+H+Q
NP🡪N AdjP🡪Adj Det🡪ArtDef
N🡪literacy Adj🡪responsible ArtDef🡪the
P🡪VP conn🡪Conj H🡪N
VP🡪Vaux+Vm(intr) Conj🡪but N🡪way
Vaux🡪are Cl2🡪S+P Q🡪Cl
Vm(intr) 🡪declining S🡪NP Cl🡪S+P
P🡪VP NP🡪Det+H S🡪NP
VP🡪AM+Vtr+DO+C Det🡪ArtDef NP🡪PronPers
AM🡪AdvP ArtDef🡪the PronPers🡪we
AdvP🡪Adv H🡪N P🡪VP
Adv🡪often N🡪media VP🡪Vtr+DO
Vtr🡪consider P🡪VP Vtr🡪use
DO🡪NP VP🡪AM+Vtr+DO DO🡪NP
NP🡪N AM🡪AdvP NP🡪Det+H
N🡪journalists AdvP🡪Adv Det🡪ArtDef
C🡪VinfP Adv🡪simply ArtDef🡪the
VinfP🡪Vinf(c)+NomPred Vtr🡪reproduce H🡪N
Vinf(c) 🡪to be DO🡪NP N🡪language

29. What is particularly important is that teachers go beyond broad generalizations and
recognize that views about the ugliness of languages are the result of prejudices.

Sent🡪S+P conn🡪Conj conn🡪Conj

S🡪Cl Conj🡪that Conj🡪that
Cl🡪S+P S🡪NP S🡪NP
S🡪NP NP🡪N NP🡪H+Q
NP🡪PronRel N🡪teachers H🡪N
PronRel🡪what P🡪VP1+conn+VP2 N🡪views
P🡪VP VP1🡪Vtr+DO Q🡪PrepP
VP🡪Vc+NomPred Vtr🡪go beyond PrepP🡪Prep+NP
Vc🡪is DO🡪NP Prep🡪about
NomPred🡪AdjP NP🡪M+H NP🡪Det+H+Q
AdjP🡪M+H M🡪Adj Det🡪ArtDef
M🡪Adv Adj🡪broad ArtDef🡪the
Adv🡪particularly H🡪N H🡪N
H🡪Adj N🡪generalizations N🡪ugliness
Adj🡪important conn🡪Conj Q🡪PrepP
P🡪VP Conj🡪and PrepP🡪Prep+NP
VP🡪Vc+NomPred VP2🡪Vtr+DO Prep🡪of
Vc🡪is Vtr🡪realize NP🡪N
NomPred🡪Cl DO🡪Cl N🡪languages
Cl🡪conn+S+P Cl🡪conn+S+P P🡪VP
VP🡪Vc+NomPred ArtDef🡪the Prep🡪of
Vc🡪are H🡪N NP🡪N
NomPred🡪NP N🡪result N🡪prejudices
NP🡪Det+H+Q Q🡪PrepP
Det🡪ArtDef PrepP🡪Prep+NP
30. If you remember the golden rule that a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down,
every task that you undertake can become a piece of cake.

Sent🡪AM+S+P ArtIndef🡪a Q🡪Cl

AM🡪Cl H🡪N Cl🡪conn+S+P
Cl🡪conn+S+P N🡪spoonful conn🡪PronRel
conn🡪Conj Q🡪PrepP PronRel🡪that
Conj🡪if PrepP🡪Prep+NP S🡪NP
S🡪NP Prep🡪of NP🡪PronPers
NP🡪PronPers NP🡪N PronPers🡪you
PronPers🡪you N🡪sugar P🡪VP
P🡪VP P🡪VP VP🡪Vtr
VP🡪Vtr+DO VP🡪Vtr+DO+C Vtr🡪undertake
Vtr🡪remember Vtr🡪helps P🡪VP
DO🡪NP DO🡪NP VP🡪Vaux+Vm(c)+NomP
NP🡪Det+M+H+Q NP🡪Det+H red
Det🡪ArtDef Det🡪ArtDef Vaux🡪can
ArtDef🡪the ArtDef🡪the Vm(c) 🡪become
M🡪Adj H🡪N NomPred🡪NP
Adj🡪golden N🡪medicine NP🡪Det+H+Q
H🡪N C🡪VinfP Det🡪ArtIndef
N🡪rule VinfP🡪Vinf(intr) ArtIndef🡪a
Q🡪Cl Vinf(intr) 🡪go down H🡪N
Cl🡪conn+S+P S🡪NP N🡪piece
conn🡪Conj NP🡪Det+H+Q Q🡪PrepP
Conj🡪that Det🡪DetIndef/Univ PrepP🡪Prep+NP
S🡪NP DetIndef/Univ🡪every Prep🡪of
NP🡪Det+H+Q H🡪N NP🡪N
Det🡪ArtIndef N🡪task N🡪cake

HW 2
Jelena Perić
2015/0835

Identify the construction type and the syntactic level:

● very lonely – ENDO, SUB, Attr. 1 st; AdjP

● ice cold – ENDO, SUB, Attr. 1 st; AdjP
● despite her offer – EXO, DIR, PREP; PrepP
● unless you do something quickly – EXO, DIR, CONJ; Cl
● grew impatient – EXO, CONN; VP
● won the election easily – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; VP
● road safety experts – ENDO, SUB, Attr. 1 st; NP
● sink or swim – ENDO, COORDINATE, ALT; VP
● will never return – ENDO, SUB, discontinuous centre; VP
● wrote a term paper on endocentric constructions – EXO, DIR, OBJ; VP
● wrote several poems over the weekend – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; VP
● Asia Minor – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; NP
● wrote and book and directed a film – ENDO, COORDINATE, ADD; VP
● strawberry red – ENDO, SUB, Attr. 1 st; AdjP
● heir apparent – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; NP
● throughout the twentieth century – EXO, DIR, PREP; PrepP
● as good as it gets – ENDO, SUB, discontinuous attr; AdjP
● without his strong arguments – EXO, DIR, PREP; PrepP
● something completely different – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; NP
● if the meeting gets boring – EXO, DIR, CONJ; Cl
● If you want, we shall leave. – ENDO, SUB, Attr. 1 st; Sent (complex)
● we shall leave – EXO, PRED; Sent (Independent Clause)
● knows everything she needs to know – EXO, DIR, OBJ; VP
● insofar that it is part of a thought-provoking narrative – ENDO, SUB, centre 1st; Adv