MALDO, MICAH JOYCE P.

BSN III-LEININGER

1. What is the meaning of the Natural History of Disease?

 Natural history of disease refers to the progression of a disease process in an
individual over time, in the absence of treatment.
2. What is the Iceberg Concept of infectious diseases?
 a situation in which a large percentage of a problem is subclinical, unreported, or
otherwise hidden from view
3. Enumerate the Models of Disease Causation
 epidemiologic triad or triangle
 the traditional model for infectious disease
– The triad consists of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an
environment that brings the host and agent together.
4. Define Agent and Host
 Agent originally referred to an infectious microorganism or pathogen: a virus,
bacterium, parasite, or other microbe while a Host is the context of infectious
disease refers to an animal or plant that acts as a biological refuge in which
another - often parasitic - organism may dwell.
5. Differentiate the following:

Predisposing Factors

– refer to a specific event or trigger to the onset of the current problems

Enabling Factors

– include resources, conditions of living, societal supports, and skills that

facilitate a behavior's occurrence.

Precipitating Factors

– are those that maintain the problem once it has become established.

Reinforcing Factors

– are rewards or punishments following or anticipated as a consequence

of a behavior.

Risk Factors

– Something that increases a person's chances of developing a disease