Extreme weather:

blizzard - zamieć śnieżna

drought - susza
flood - powódź
hurricane - huragan
monsoon – monsun
storm surge - fala sztormowa
tornado - tornado
wildfire - pożar
heatwave – fala upałów
cold wave – oziębienie (w pogodzie)

-> hurricane vs tornado:

-tornadoes originate on land, faster wind, last for minutes
-hurricanes are formed on large water bodies, slower wind, can last for days, even weeks