Signals and Systems Lecture No.32 Properties of Fourier Transform Contd... Engr. Muhammad Waseem Zeeshan AshrafiConvolution property of PT Properties of CT Fourier Transform (and CTPS) Example 4.20 As another illustration of the usefulness of the convolution property, let us consider the problem of determining the response of an ideal-low pass filter to an input signal x() that has the form of a sinc function. That is, Of course, the impulse response of the ideal low pass filter is of a similar form, namely, sinwet at The filter output y(#) will therefore be the convolution of two sinc functions, Let, given that: w; = 4m & we = 8x (rad per sec) A(t) = InTime — domain 2 y= x(t) + he) Using Convolution Property : Y(jw) =X(jw) - H(jw) indrt sin 8rt In Time — domain: = yO) = a Impossible to Evaluate !Properties of CT Fourier Transform (and CTPS) In frequency — domain, XGo) ; 1 sineot << ia | (from Table 4.2) wt - wo, =4nrps 4m Ax Similarly, an | 1 sinect y(t) = a(t) ho = Sk | ( -8n 8x Oo a ~ Br rps (jw) = X (jw) Now, xGo) HG) Y¥(jo) r= Qe 4x 4x © -8n 8 oO Sead 4x @ sino t) sin(4mt) mt y(t) = x(t) =ae Properties of CT Pourier Transform (and CPS) (8) Multiplication Property: Multiplication in one domain (t or £) results in Convolution in the other domain (f or t) From Convolution property, we already know that, x(t) *h(t) @ XG) -H(jw) As a consequence of Duality, 1 x(t) -h(t) o on X(Gw) * H(jw) Re — visiting Ex 4.21 (Lecture#30) Ex: 4.21 Amplitude Modulation (AM) So) Let s(t) be a signal whose spectrum S(jw) is depicted in Figure, A Also, consider the signals, P(E) = cos(aot) r(O) = (8) pe) Find and draw the spectrum R(jo). =a a e Solution. 1 =s()-PO) RGa)= 7 sia) + PU0) Using Table 4.2, p(t) =cosupt —> P(jw) = 75(w — wy) + 70(w + wo)Properties of CT Fourier Transform (and CTPS) Now, 1 RGw) = 7 Siw) + PUw) = =a [25(w — wo) + 15(w + @9)|SGo) a A = Foto = a) (jo) + Foo + a) 5(jo) u _ aa eg dee Le RGjw) = FSG(w — wo)) + 5S(w + wo) Rio) Al2 — ry ® (—@p — ©) (a + ©) (a9 — ©) (9 + ©)Properties of CT Fourier Transform (and CTPS) (9) Differentiation Property: If x(t) o X(jw) d Then, x(t) 0 jw- er aero jw-X (jw) Example 4.16 As a second example, let us examine a differentiator—that is, an LTI system for which the input x(t) and the output y(¢) are related by y= dx(t) dt” From the differentiation property of Section 4.3.4, Y(jo) = jwX(jo). (461) Consequently, from eq. (4.56), it follows that the frequency response of a differentiator is H(jw) = jo. (4.62)Properties of CT Fourier Transform (and CTPS) Applications of Dif ferentiator: a) Amplifies high frequencies (Enhances sharp edges) ® b) Provides +3 phase shift (j = e”2) If x(t) = sin(wot): ad. Tw YO) = Grsin(wot) — = c08(wot) = we sin (cot + 5 Similarly, a ~ Larger athigh wy Phase shift If x(t) = cos(wot): \ Z d Y(t) = Gpcos(wot) = —wo sin(wot) cos (wot +5) 2LCC Differential Eqn. and Freq. Response Method Section 4.7 Example 4.24 An LTI system is decribed by LCC Differential Equation as, dy(t) YO 4 ay =x Find the impulse response of the system. Solution: YO), vay “at ay(t) = x() Taking Fourier Transform of the Equation, jo-YGw) +aY(w)= XGw) Ot — fo), ems Y(jo)[jw + a] = X(jo) u(t), ela} > 0 YGo)_ 1 X(j@) jota i 1 BGe) = jota Using Table 4.2, Taking IFT,Example: An LTI system is decribed by LCC Dif ferential Equation as, 9 4 ayo = =x(t) pa=2 If input x(t) = e~*‘u(t), then calculate the ont Solution: B ¥Gjw) = 2 ) C+ jw) PO says x) Cre v7" ae fora=1& x(t) =e u(t) ao . Bob at PO =e ul Do yourself & let me know your answer! Taking FT of both sides (Usin Table 4.2) 1 jo ¥G0) +¥G0) = 945, YGw)[jo +1) = Pra 1 YGw) = (2+ jw) + jo) Using Partial FractionsFor practice, solve following problems 1) 4.1-6, 9(a), 10, 11, 16, 18-20 in the Text book 2) Related Solved problems in ch-5 (p: 231) of Schaum Series’ Signals & Systems