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2.Complete the sentences with the prepositions: without, in, of, at, from.
1.Books are source of knowledge.
2.A society cannot live without proper knowledge.
3.Knowledge of foreign languages is necessary in our life.
4.You can get knowledge at school and also from books, magazines, TV programs and internet.
3. Interesting facts about education at Oxbridge. Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious universities
in the English-speaking world. You never say Cambridge and Oxford; Oxford always comes first. They are
often called Oxbridge.
To get the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) students have to study for three years. The students wear a special
uniform daily, and full academic dress at the examinations. According to the long established tradition Latin is
used at public degree ceremony.
Oxford and Cambridge universities consist of a number of colleges. Each college has its own name and its coats
of arms. On the territory there is usually a chapel, a dining hall, a library, rooms for undergraduates, fellows and
the master, and also rooms for teaching .
Examination questions №4
1.Read the closing paragraph of the text (English 10, pg. 105) and make up three sentences of your own
using the key words: tears of happiness and joy, to hug somebody, a Turkmen yurt.
1.The flow of tears of happiness and joy washed away when the mother saw her daugter healthy.
2.The mother and daughter hugged each other.
3. Every family collected wool they had in their Turkmen yurts and gave it to the woman.
2.Put the correct preposition of time into each gap.
a)Beethoven began his musical education at the age of five.
b)I lived in Paris for five years, from 1975 till 1980.
c)We never see out cat. During the day it sleeps, and it goes out at night.
d)I don’t usually go out in the evening, except on Monday evening, when I play snooker.
3.My favourite Turkmen artist/composer / musician. My favourite Turkmen composer is Nury
Halmammedov. He was born in a small village Murcha near Bakharly on February 24, 1940. Being a baby, he
lost his parents and was brought up in an orphanage. In 1947 he went to school and since 1948 he attended
musical classes.
His musical talent attracted the experienced teacher O.Krivchenko’s attention. She had been teaching him for
about four years and then he entered the State Musical College of Turkmenistan. He’d been studying piano
classes for three years under the guidance of the famous teacher E.K. Kulesh.
The brilliant musical talent of Nury allowed him to enter the Moscow conservatoire in, 1958. He went to
composer classes of the remarkable Soviet composer, professor A.N. Alexandrov. We can find a lot of various
genres among N. Halmammedov’s student works. He wrote 30 songs, romances and compositions for chorus
which gained a great popularity. Among them: The Song about Motherland, The Milkmaid, Spring, Don’t
Leave me, The Exile, I’ve Seen the Beauty and others… .
Examination questions №5
1.Read the first four paragraphs of the text (English 10, pg. 8). and give Turkmen/Russian equivalents
for the following words from this extract
Day of Knowledge- день знания
a powerful factor- мощный фактор
to overcome weakness- побороть слабость
spiritual advancement- духовный прогресс
to face dangers- сталкиваться лицом к лицу с угрозой
2.Complete the sentences with the prepositions: to, in, at, from. with
1)Do you believe in magic?
2)I didn’t realize that John was married to Jessica.
3)What are you all laughing at? What’s the joke?
4)She’s suffering badly from sunburn.
5.Did you succeed with convincing your father you were telling the truth?
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3. Recent educational reforms in Turkmenistan. Emphasizing the crucial role of the education reform
taking place in Turkmenistan as an essential factor in the progressive development of the country and the
enhancement of the intellectual potential of the nation – the Turkmen leader focused on the need to take a very
responsible approach to achieve priority objectives of implementing all the plans for consistent
modernization of the education sector. As is known, an important step in this direction is the transition to 12-
year school education in the 2013–2014 school year.
One of the important aspects of the national education reforms is the acquisition of modern technologies and
methods in the academic process of the schools and higher educational establishments of Turkmenistan. As our
President repeatedly pointed out schools and kindergartens are not accepted to be put in force if there are
no multimedia technologies, interactive teaching system and connection to the world information network of
internet. New textbooks are being developed. Material and technical supply of the education sphere is
renovated. New schools, equipped with multimedia teaching technologies have been already opened .
Examination questions №6
1.Read the first two paragraphs of the text (English 10, pg. 232) and explain the meaning of the
following words:
sovereign (adj) — chief, possessing the highest power
secular (adj) - going on for a long period of time.
Development-growth, becoming larger.
Recognized-know again, realize to be identical with something previously known,
to guarantee-forgive security.
2.Complete the sentences with “some” or “any”.
a) I did Exercise 1 without any help.
b) Would you like some more fizzy mineral water? I don’t want any more.
c) some people don’t have any problems learning foreign language.
d) Why don’t you ask your father to lend you some money? I haven’t got any.
3. What should I know going through the customs? 1) The customs demand honoring parents and seniors.
The respectful attitude toward seniors is also based on ancient traditions. It is considered as acceptable not to
help them, to argue with them, to look at them frowningly or to show discontent, to wait for their gratitude for
the rendered service or to remind of it. Turkmen saying runs: "Gold and silver do not grow old, the father and
mother are priceless". The father as the family head has the right to evaluate his children's behavior and is
obliged to protect them. Children should worship their mothers and respect them. The slightest display of
disrespect or inattention to mother is not only denounced by people but also should be stopped on the spot
2) If you've arrived by plane, the next thing to do is to get your luggage. Follow the signs to Baggage Reclaim
and with until you see your flight number. Keep your luggage with you till you are asked the label.
Go through the Customs. This is the place where officials may search your luggage. There are two channels
(passages) for travelers. Those who have more quantity of things than it is allowed to bring must go through the
red channel. They have to pay duty (special tax). People with no things to declare go through the green channel
without paying duty. You can also buy some things at duty-free shops which are not taxed .
Examination questions №7
1. Read the text (English 10, pgs.13-14) and put 5 wh-questions on it.
1. What is the important way of getting knowledge?
2. What can we get from the reading?
3. What is the source of the knowledge?
5. How reading is called in the world?
2.Complete the sentences with “like” and “as”:
a)My sister is not as tall as me.
b)Tom has joined a telephone company as a product manager.
c)My friend Mary looks like Madonna.
d)Julie is completely overworked. She works like a slave.
3.Why should I protect the environment? Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of
his life . For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them
that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began
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to increase. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today.
The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain
and vegetables on. Scientists and engineers can find the ways to reduce pollution from automobiles and
factories. Government can pass the laws that would make enterprises take measures for reducing of
pollution. Individuals and groups of people can work together to persuade enterprises to stop
polluting activities .
Examination questions №8
1.Read the first three paragraphs of the text (English 10, pgs. 10-11) and give synonyms for the
following:
Focus-to pay attention,
Rank-row, line,
education-knowledge,
in honour-reputation, reverence, esteem.
facility-skill, cleverness.
2.Complete the sentences using who or which.
a) The food which we ate turned out to be a finger food.
b) Dinosaurs are animals which disappeared thousands of years ago.
c) The man who we saw yesterday was an operating doctor.
d) The teacher who spoke a fluent Japanese had spent 5 years in Japan.
3.Why and how do the Americans celebrate Thanksgiving? Thanksgiving day is a day set aside for the
people of the United States to give thanks for their blessings. Thanksgiving is an old custom. The best known
thanksgiving in the United States was held by the Pilgrims in the autumn of 1621 in Massachusetts. Their first
winter in the new country had been difficult. Half of the Pilgrims had died of cold, hunger and disease. The
Indians had taught the colonists to hunt and fish and plant their crops. The next autumn the Pilgrims had an
abundant harvest and had plenty of food. They were thankful and had a feast to give thanks. They invited the
Indians to join them. This was the first Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving became a national holiday many years later
because of a woman named Sarah Hale. For forty years Sarah Hale wrote to each president and asked for
holiday of Thanksgiving. At last she was successful.
First president George Washington proclaimed the day of the adoption of the Constitution in 1789 for a day of
Thanksgiving. Then in 1863 president Abraham Lincoln named the last Thursday in November as the first
national Thanksgiving Day. Since that time on the fourth Thursday in November, in houses around the United
States, families get together for a feast or a large meal .
Examination questions №9
1.Read the first two paragraphs of the text (English 10, pg. 212) and choose 5 horse terms to explain
them.
1) a colt- is a child of the horse.
2)to trot a horse-to move the horse.
3)to gallop the horse- to move at a steady pace faster than a walk but not so fast.
4) master of the horse-the man who treats a horse.
5)horse races- horse competitions.
2.Use the Passive Voice in the following sentences.
a)The new library was built two years ago. (to build).
b)All the mistakes were corrected by the teacher. (to correct)
c)At the meeting at an American University the Turkmen professor was asked questions in the country. (to ask)
d)The table was bought by me 5 days ago. (to buy)
3. Independence as a long cherished dream of the Turkmen. Turkmenistan achieved Independence on
October 27, 1991, as a result of a national referendum, but since 2018 our Independence day we celebrate on
September 27. Now we have an independent state which has been recognized by nearly all countries over the
world. Until recently the Turkmen people did not have their own independent state on Earth. We begin to
respect our national values, customs and traditions on a state level. We create a completely new society. We
have also to work, to make the spirit of patriotism of each person. He who does not love his country and his
people will never love another people and their country .
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3.Yanar Dag as a symbol of a Turkmen horse. The Yanardag, Akhalteke horse in the middle of State Symbol
means that Turkmen people love horses very much. We have a saying, “Getting up early in the morning to see
your father and then your horse”. In ancient times, one of the treasures of Turkmen people was a horse. They
used the horse as a means of transport. During dangerous battles with the enemy, a Turkmen’s horse’s help was
great to defend our country. Turkmen people couldn’t imagine life without their horses. Now, Turkmen people
raise horses for horse races. Every year on the last Sunday of April there are horse races in Ashgabat. At every
competition the fastest horse gets our President’s Prize. We like horses very much .
Examination questions №18
1.Read the first paragraph of the text (English 10, pg. 73). and give Turkmen/Russian equivalents for the
following: national traditions, present day realities, upbringing of children, respectful attitude to the elders.
national traditions- национальные традиции
present day realities- современные реальности
upbringing of children- воспитание детей
respectful attitude to the elders-почтительное; вежливое отношение к старшим
2.Make up five sentences with the Future Perfect Tense. will have V3. We use will have (done) to say that
something will already be complete before a time in the future. 1.Sally won’t be at home at 9 o’clock-she will
have gone to work. 2.We’re late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the cinema. 3.Next
year they will have been married for 25 years. 4.Can we meet tomorrow? Yes, but not in the afternoon. I will
have worked.5. Phone me after 8 o’clock we will have finished dinner by then.
3.If I were in Britain, I should visit first …. There are many interesting places to visit in London. If I were in
London I want to visit Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Tower Bridge
and the British Museum. The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace. It has 600 rooms. Westminster
Abbey is a famous church in Great Britain. The squares in London are beautiful. Trafalgar Square is one of
them. 10 Downing Street is the official residence of the Prime Minister. If I were in London I want to visit all
these places .
Examination questions №19
1.Read the first three paragraphs of the text (English 10, pgs. 224-225) and put five wh-questions to it.
1.What is an old tradition of the Turkmen people?
2.How many Turkmen people fought during the second world war?
3. How many Turkmen citizens was conferred the title of Hero in the second world war?
4. How did Turkmen women help in the second world war?
5.Who honours its heroes?
2.Complete the sentences by using –ever words and make question sentences from the given sentences:
1) He always say ever comes to his mind. Does he say what come to his mind?
2) You may leave ever you wish. May you leave when you wish?
3) He makes friends easily with ever he meets. Does he make friends easily with whom he meets?
4) I‘ve got a car. I can take you ever you want to go. Can I take you when you want to go?
3.Why should I respect the elders/ my parents/women? You should always and forever respect your parents.
There is no space for a "why" in this sentence. Why should you respect your parents? That is because they
deserve it and because you will respect them if you have a simple brain and a heart. Your parents keep your
happiness and needs above their own. You should respect them because they taught you how to walk and
because you took your first steps by holding their fingers. There are countless things they did for you and you
will never be able to pay back for their favors. If only you respect your parents, your kids will respect you.
If you understand the importance of having the parents and you are grateful to them, then it is the best way of
showing the gratitude. They demand nothing from you. All you can give them is respect and love. Those who
actually understand what is it to have parents and how they make your world better than you imagine they will
know that your parents have no selfish motives and they love you selflessly. They want nothing from you just
your love and respect. Respect them for this is the only way to thank them for everything .
Examination questions №20
1. Read the first four paragraphs of the text (English 10, pgs. 237-238) and explain the meanings of the
following:
contemporary —of the time or period to which reference is being made
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3. Who is a true friend? Most positive people we meet in life become our friends. It's is especially good if they
share the same interests with us. However, it's necessary to realize that only a few of them stay true friends. As
the time goes by we realize that these few become almost like a family for us.
I'd like to tell you about some good friends of mine. Two years ago I transferred to another school, as we
moved to a new house. At first I thought my old connections will be lost, but I was wrong. Gradually my new
classmates became my friends. We started spending lots of time together, participating in l traditional school
events and simply playing together at the playground. I rarely called my two best friends from the old
surrounding. However they were always there for me if I needed help or support .
Examination questions №23
1.Read the first three paragraphs of the text (English 10, pgs. 196-197) and say if you have visited any
center of ancient civilization in Turkmenistan. I am I visited Nusay, the ancient civilization of
Turkmenistan. Nusay – the Turkmen name for «Nisa» – was a legendary and mysterious city in the Kingdom
of Parphia. Its ruins are located 18 km away from Ashgabat near the flourishing settlement of Bagir. In the 4th
century BC Parphia became a part of Alexander the Creat’s Kingdom. After his death it became a province of
the Hellenistic state of the Selevkids.
2.Make up five sentences with Past Perfect. If+ Past Perfect.., +would /could/ might. If I had worked harder
at school I would have a better job now. If we had looked at the map we would not be lost. If I had studied I
would have my driving license. If he had won a lot of money, he would by a yacht. If she were more
concentrated she would not have made so many mistakes.
3. What is life for me? Life is beautiful but not always easy, it has problems, too, and the challenge lies in
facing them with courage, letting the beauty of life act like a balm, which makes the pain bearable, during
trying times, by providing hope.
Happiness, sorrow, victory, defeat, day-night are the two sides of the me coin. Similarly life is full of
moments of joy, pleasure, success and comfort punctuated by misery, defeat, failures and problems. There is no
human being on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced, struggle, suffering or failure.
Examination questions №24
1.Read the first two paragraphs of the text (English 10, pg. 194) and tell the legend about Waharman.
There is a legend about the origin of the most delicious melon variety vaharman. It says that long time ago the
girl named Arman and her beloved one were crossing the sun scorched desert towards their native village. The
water ran out, and the sea of sands had neither end nor edge. The young man and the girl were exhausted. The
girl fell unconscious at the same time as her beloved one did. After a while, Arman woke up and realized that
they could die without water in the desert. Then she began praying to God, asking to save the young man at the
cost of her life.
God took the girl's life but sent a big juicy melon instead. When the young man regained consciousness, he saw
an extraordinary fruit lying next to him and decided to taste its pulp. After satisfying his hunger and thirst, he
remembered about Arman and realized that she had saved him from certain death. The young man burst into
tears and exclaimed, "Vah, Arman!" After he had returned home, he planted the melon seed in the ground and
watered it with his tears. The legend says that the melon variety vaharman, which has the incomparable taste,
appeared thus.
2.Form nouns from the adjectives below and make up three sentences with them:
1) historical-history. There were many historical monuments. We learn our history.
2) natural-nature. In ancient times chinese made natural silk. We take care about our nature.
3) architectural-architect. We saw many architectural monuments in Mary.
4) national-nation. Yesterday we sang our national anthem at school.
5) miraculous-miracle. Ancient times there were miraculous buildings. Seven Miracles were reckoned in the
antiquity.
3.Our national values. The national dress of Turkmenistan has changed very little over the centuries. The
distinctive high, shaggy sheepskin hats worn by men help keep the hot sun from their heads and, combined with
their red robes over shirts, create a very striking image. Women, too, still wear the traditional clothing of a long
silk shift over narrow trousers that are trimmed with a band of embroidery at the ankle. Richly decorated
headwear, jewelry and embroidery accent even everyday clothing.
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Among the most important values for the Turkmen are friendship and love, always maintaining friendly
relations with their neighbors - it is said that "If your neighbor is happy, you will be happy too."
Another common saying concerns horses, which Turkmen have bred and trained for millennia: "Water is a
Turkmen’s life, a horse is his wings, and a carpet is his soul." The Turkmen’s horse is virtually part of the
family and the beautiful Akhal-Teke breed is the national emblem .
Examination questions №25
1.Read the first three paragraphs of the text (English 10, pgs. 196-197) and ask five wh-questions on it.
1.What do the scientists confirm about the history of Turkmenistan?
2.Which were the most ancient zones of civilization of Turkmenistan?
3.What high-power states were created on the territory of Turkmenistan?
4.What cities were highly developed in the history of Turkmenistan?
5.What countries were the goods of Turkmenistan delivered to in ancient times?
6.What are the names of the well-known states existed in the history of Turkmenistan?
2.Form nouns from the verbs below by adding noun suffixes and make up three sentences with them.
1) to inspire –inspiration
2) to reflect – reflection
3) to perfect – perfection
4) to celebrate – celebration
5) to confuse – confusion
a)He saw his reflection in the river – an ugly, white bird.( The ugly Duckling-fairy tale).
b)Our President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow takes part in this celebration on the occasion of the Victory
Day.
c) Robert Burns’ love for his country inspired many lyrics for example “My Heart’s in the Highlands”. Robert
3. My favorite food and its recipe. My favorite meal is pudding. The recipe below for traditional Pudding.
Ingredients
300 grams of flour
1/2 teaspoon of salt
1/2 cup of milk
2 eggs
1/2 cup of water
Method
1. Preheat the oven to 1750 C.
2. Put the flour and the salt into a bowl and mix.
3. Make a hole in the centre of the mixture, pour in the milk and beat until soft and light.
4. Add the eggs and beat them into the mixture.
5. Add the water and beat until large bubbles rise to the surface.
6. Leave the mixture to stand for 1 hour in the fridge and then beat it again
7. Pour the mixture into an oven dish greased with some melted butter and bake for about 30 minutes.
8. Serve the pudding at once with roast beef, vegetables and gravy.
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