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In 

English grammar, participial adjective is a traditional term for an adjective that has the


same form as the participle (that is, a verb ending in -ing or -ed/-en) and that usually
exhibits the ordinary properties of an adjective. Also called a verbal adjectiveor
a deverbal adjective. In the text English Grammar: A University Course (2006), Downing
and Locke use the term pseudo-participial adjective to characterize the "increasing
number of adjectives [that] are coined by adding -ing or -ed not to verbs but to nouns."
Examples include enterprising, neighboring, talented, and skilled.

Comparative and superlative forms of participial adjectives are formed


with more and most and with less and least--not with the endings -er and -est.

Examples and Observations

 Present-Participial Adjectives
"The present participle can be used as an adjective. Known as a participial
adjective, it replaces verb clauses:

the show that annoys me → the annoying show


a story that moves her → a moving story"

Past-Participial Adjectives
"Participial adjectives end in -ed because they are derived from past participles of
verbs. . . . The meanings of participial adjectives depend on the participle they come from.
The -ing adjectives (boring, interesting, amazing, exciting, following) have a progressive
or active meaning. The -ed adjectives (advanced, alleged, bored, complicated, excited,
exhausted) have a completed or passive meaning."
Gradability of Participial Adjectives
"Participial adjectives are typically gradable, e.g.
very loving parents ( Compare: They are loving every minute of it; verb + object)
very exciting times
very alarming thoughts
However, the attributively used participles of some verbs are best analysed as being verbal.
For example, an escaped prisoner is 'a prisoner who has escaped,' a changing culture is 'a
culture that is changing,' and a knitted jumper is 'a jumper that has been knitted.' Such
participles cannot be modified by very:
*a very escaped prisoner
*a very changing culture
*a very knitted jumper
However, modification by an adverb is possible in many cases:
a recently escaped prisoner
a rapidly changing culture
a deftly knitted jumper
In some contexts the status of a participle-like form is ambiguous. Thus I was annoyed can
be interpreted verbally (eg. I was annoyed by their behavior) or as an adjective (eg. I was
very annoyed), or perhaps even as both (I was very annoyed by their behaviour)."

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