Sisanie G.

Necesia Jr
BSIT Electricty 3B

1. Explain the importance of manufacturing technology in raising the standard of living.

Manufacturing technology provides the tools that enable production of all manufactured
goods. These master tools of industry magnify the effort of individual workers and give an
industrial nation the power to turn raw materials into the affordable, quality goods
essential to today’s society. Manufacturing technology provides the productive tools that
power a growing, stable economy, and raises the standard of living. These tools make
possible modern communications, affordable agricultural products, efficient
transportation, innovative medical procedures, space exploration, and the everyday
conveniences we take for granted.

2. What are the major types of manufacturing processes?

Four major types of processes
a. forging processes
b. rolling processes
c. extrusion processes, and
d. rod, wire, and tube drawing processes
3. Explain how the company organization at different levels participates in the success
of the manufacturing process.
The manufacturing concerns at the company level include finance, personnel, sales and
marketing, research and development, and product and manufacturing departments.
At the plant level, all aspects of production are under the direction of the plant manager.
These aspects include the following groups:
a. Process engineering group: Typical tasks of this group include evaluation of
manufacturing feasibility and cost, selection of optimum processes and process
sequence, production equipment, tooling, jigs and textures, material handling
methods and equipment, and plant layout.
b. Methods and work standard groups: Its main task is the provision of time and
motion studies and norms. Sometimes cooperation with the process engineering
group is necessary.
c. Inspection and quality control group: Due to its high vitality, its data must be directly
reported to high levels of management, while also continuously integrated into
production.
 d. Production planning and control group: It determines the economical lot sizes and
establishes schedules for manufacturing and assembly.
e. Plant engineering group: It is responsible for preventive maintenance of
equipment, replacement of machinery, and provision of services (power, heating,
etc.).
f. Production group: It is headed by the manufacturing superintendent, with the
assistance of foremen.

4. Describe how computers are used in different manufacturing-related activities.

Computers are now used in many applications, including control and optimization of
manufacturing processes, material handling, assembly, automated inspection, inventory
control, and several management activities. Beginning with computer graphics, CAD, and
CAM, the use of computers has been extended to computer-integrated manufacturing
(CIM).
The major applications of computers in manufacturing covered in the present book
include adaptive control (AC), computer numerical control (CNC), industrial robotics (IR),
hexapods, automated handling, and computer-aided process planning (CAPP), group
technology (GT), just-in-time production (JIT), ̈flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs),
cellular manufacturing, expert systems, and artificial intelligence (AI).

5. What is meant by process capability related to accuracy of manufactured parts?

When producing any component, it is necessary to satisfy the surface technological
requirements in terms of high product accuracy, good surface finish, and a minimum of
drawbacks that may arise as a result of the manufacturing process. Each manufacturing
process is capable of producing certain surface finish and tolerance range without extra
cost. For proper functioning and ease of manufacturing the part, it is necessary to specify
both maximum and minimum surface roughness values. The selected manufacturing
process must be capable of producing parts within the required tolerance.

6. Explain the following terms:

• Design for manufacturability - Manufacturing characteristics of materials (or
manufacturability) typically include capability, workability, formability, machinability, grind
ability, weld ability, and ability to undergo heat treatment.
• Design for environment - (DFE) is a product design approach adopted for reducing the
impact of products on the environment during their manufacture, which require the use of
highly polluting processes and the consumption of large quantities of raw materials.
Products can also have an adverse effect through the consumption of large amounts of
energy during manufacturing, use, and disposal.
• Design for assembly- Products are designed and manufactured with ease of assembly
in mind. In this respect, a product containing fewer parts takes less time to assemble,
thereby reducing the assembly costs. Similarly, parts that are easier to grasp, move,
orient, and insert reduce assembly time and costs. Therefore, the major cost benefit of
the application of design for assembly is achieved through the reduction of the number of
parts in an assembly.

7. What are the main functions of the following plant groups?

• Process engineering - Typical tasks of this group include evaluation of manufacturing
feasibility and cost, selection of optimum processes and process sequence, production
equipment, tooling, jigs and fixtures, material handling methods and equipment, and plant
layout. One of its main jobs is writing any computer-controlled machine tool programs that
may be required.
• Plant engineering - It is responsible for preventive maintenance of equipment,
replacement of machinery, and provision of services (power, heating, etc.).
• Inspection and control - Due to its high vitality, its data must be directly reported to high
levels of management, while also continuously integrated into production.
• Production (superintendents) - It is headed by the manufacturing superintendent, with
the assistance of foremen. Sometimes the several levels of supervision are eliminated by
highly trained technicians provided with broad responsibilities and authorities.