Importance of CT polarity on Protection system:

In most of the cases CT star point is formed towards the protected object side.
In this case we will discuss the importance pf CT polarity in case of Protection line.
In case of directional relays the star point of CT determines the direction of the fault current.

We have directional protection in

1. Directional EF and OC
2. Zone-4 of Distance Protection
In our case the protected object is the transmission line. There are two substation A & B
connected by the transmission line which have distance protection relay at both end.
We assume that CT at Substation A side have two core. Core-1 is used for transmission line
protection and Core-2 is used for Busbar protection.
In Core-1 the Star point have to be formed at P2 side or S2 side in case of secondary.
In Core-2 the Star point have to be formed at P1 side or S1 side in case of secondary.
When current enters the relay through R, Y, B and leaves through neutral the relay detects it as
Forward fault. When the current enters the relay through neutral and leaves through R,Y,B the
relay detects it as Reverse fault.
If the star point is formed at P1 side of the CT, in case of L-G fault on R phase, Fault current will
enters through P1 (S2) and leaves through P2 (S1). And in the relay the current will enter
through Neutral and leaves through Phase side. The relay will consider it as a reverse fault. In
case of L-G fault in Line relay will tripped the Busbar. And in case of fault in Busbar relay will trip
the transmission line.