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b'´ E£aE´
å mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpöq&mawmf)
a[mMum;qkH;rawmfrltyfaom

]0#faumif} eJY ]0#f}

w&m;awmf
owÅ0gaysmuf "r®opömw&m;awmfrsm; trSwfpOf (12)
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awZdE´m&mrausmif;wdkuf? ukuúdKif;vrf;qHk?
urÇmat;bk&m;vrf;? A[ef;? &efukefNrdKY/
website: www.aniccasayadaw.org

ykHawmfausmuyf
 ]0#faumif}eJY ]0#f}w&m;awmf
omoemawmfESpf -2552
1371ckESpf? 0gqkdvjynfU "r®pMumtcgawmfaeh
6-7-2009 (wevFmaeh)? eHeufcif;w&m;awmf
or®m'd|dqkdwm opömav;yg;ukd odwmudkac:wmyJ . . .
]or®m'd|d}? or®m'd|drS . . .'DU jyif[mawGqkd&if
tpGt J vrf;awGcsn;f jzpfuek af wmhw,f? or®m'd|v d hdk qkv
d u dk v f hdk
&S&d if opömav;yg;&wmuk;d ? 'UjD yif[mawG rSeo f rQ[m tukef
tpGt J vrf;awGjzpfuek w f ,f? tJ'g *½kpu dk f . . o
. r®m'd|q d w dk m
opömav;yg;yJ? opömav;yg;qkdwm ck-um,uH 0pDuH
raemuHawG 0rf;xJrSmNidrf;aew,f bmrSrjzpfbl;? 'g . . .
eda&m"opömyJ? [kdu'ku©opömqkdwmukd; . . .? NyD;awmh
avmuDawGqw dk mvnf; Oyg'geu©Em¨ awGxyJ gw,f? 'kuo © pöm
awGxyJ gw,f? ]'kau©ÚmPH}wJY 'kau©-'kuü© ? ÚmPH-odwwf
aomÚmPf/ 'g 0rf;xJujzpfwm 'ku©yJ? opömav;yg;ukd;
or® m 'd | d q k d w m opö m av;yg;uk d od w muk d ac:wmy ac:wmyJ?
tJ'D opömav;yg;ukd odw,f qkdwmvnf; rZösdrmy#dy'g
wxm*awe tbdorÁK'¨gqkdwJh rZösdrmy#dy'g ukdac:wmyJ?
tJ'D or®m'd|d pOf;pm;Munf?U rpOf;pm;yJehJ olwumajymwmukd
2 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
,Hkwmr[kwfbl;? auorkwÅdokwfu olwumajymwm
awGukd ,kHwm . . . tJovkd/
uk,
d 0f rf;xJrmS jzpfwmMunf?U rjzpfb;l qkd . p. v
JG rf;wmr&Sad wmhb;l
ukd,f0rf;xJrSm jzpfwmMunfU? rjzpfbl;qkd . .pGJvrf;
wmr&Sdawmhbl;? jzpfw,fqdk pGv J rf;wm&Sw d ,f? tJ'g *½kpu
dk ?f
ukd,hf0rf;xJrSmqkdwm ukd,fhpdwfxJrSmaygh? jzpfwmu 'ku©
opöm-'Dvkdqkdvkdh&Sd&if ukd,f0rf;xJrSm bmawGjzpfwkH; . . .
tJ'g *½kpkduf? jzpfwm[m 'kuo © pöm? jzpfaMumif;u ork',
opöm? jzpfw,fqkd&if y#dpöorkyÜg'fyJ? ]t0dZÆmork',m
½lyork'a,m}eJh tJvdk qkw d myJ? wPSmork'a,mwJ?U a0'em
ork'a,meJh cE¨mig;yg; tJvkd[mjzpfwm ork',awGayg?h
]ork'a,mwd acg bdua© 0 ykaAÁ teEkóawok "ar®ok
pu©KHO'yg'd}eJh ork',qkdwJY pum;u ig a&S;wkef;u
rMum;zl;bl;wJU? uJajcmufEpS vf ;Hk 'kuú&p&d, usifhaew,f?
ork',ukd rjzpfcYJbl; b,fjzpfvdrfhrwkH; tmumomeÍöawG
tmudÍönawGjzpfaew,f? ½lyawmif r[kwfbl; t½ly?
t½lyqkdwm-]½ly}u]½kyf}? ]t}r&Sdawmhbl;? ½kyfr&Sdawmhbl;?
'grS emrfcsn;f xJ jzpfaeawmh? jzpfwmr&Sad wmhb;l ? Oyg'geyf grS
jzpfwm &Sdwm? [kdu Oyg'gefu odrfarTYwm/
]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 3
t0dZmÆ ork',m ½lyork'a,m
]t0dZÆmypö,m ocFg&m} tJ'g]jzpf}wmyJ 'ghaMumifh
ygVd a wmf a wG r S m tJ ' g]jzpf } wmyJ ? ]t0d Z Æ m ork ' ,m
½lyor
orkka,m} a,m}?
a,m} ]t0dZmÆ ypö,m a0'em ork'a,m}eJh tJvq dk dk
w,f? wPSmawG . . . Oyg'gefawGa&m? wPSmork',m?
ork',xJygw,f? Oyg'geork',m ½lyork'a,m? zó
ork',m ½lyork'a,m? tJvkdavQmufw,fqkdw,f . . .
tJ'g ork', 0rf;xJrSm acgif;xJrSm pdwfxJrSm jzpfp&mu
tJ'gy&J w dS ,f? jzpfNyq D &dk if ork',aMumifUjzpfw,fwUJ . . .
tJvkdrSwf? ork',qkdwm t0dZÆm? a[m . . rod .rodEdk;em; . .
rodusK;d uR?H rodvu dk f rodzmom tJ'g t0dZmÆ yJ? vufuav;
jcifuu dk v f hdk ukww
f mawmifryS J &rf;vkyv
f u
dk &f if rodusK;d uRH
rodvu dk f rodzmom jzpfomG ;w,f? rodzmom tJ'g t0dZmÆ ?
ukdufw,fqkd&if ukdufw,frSef;odrS em&ifemwmrSef;odrS?
ukwfcsif&ifukwfcsif rSef;odrS tJvkd odwmawGu t0dZmÆ
r[kwb f ;l tJ'gu owdeJh? orÜZOfrygao;bl;? owdorÜZOfeJh
tJ'guvnf; tbdZsö meJh a'greó r&SdatmifvkyfwJY[m?
0rf;xJrSm rdpäm'd|dNyD;awmh tbdZösm a'greó 'gu
raemuHBu;D jzpfaew,f? raemuH Ny;D awmhrS yg;pyfu 0pDu?H
NyD;awmhrS ukd,fBuD;u 'DvufBuD; ]r}zkdh[mukd awmfawmf
vkyf,l&w,f? t0dZÆmocFg&?]½kwf}ueJ &if;ueJ}qkd&ifawmh
4 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
jrefw,f . . .owdawG bmawG&Sd&r,fqkdawmh 'Dvufav;
]r}zk d Y a wmif awmf a wmf ]r},l & w,f ? rjrif b l ; vm;
pGef;vGef;q&mawmf EGm; . . . euH (ESifwH)eJY wkdhrvkdh[m ]r}
vkdh r&awmYbl;? tJavmuf t0dZÆm r&Sdawmhbl;? um,uH
r&Sad wmhb;l ? ][J}h vkhd jyif;jyif;xefxef r&Sad wmhb;l ? 'umBu;D
wkdh uav;awG bmawGaiguf&if ][Jh}vkdh jyif;jyif;xefxef
jzpf&if t0dZÆm trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f? raigufcsifawmhbl; . . .
ukd,fhuav;ukd tJ'g a'gor&Sd ? a'gor&Sd&if rjrifbl;vm;
pGef;vGef;q&mawmf EGm;-raigufcsifawmhbl; . . .tck . . .
'umBuD; 'umrBuD;wkdh aigufcsifovm;? tJ . . . jyif;jyif;
xefxef aigufcsifao;w,f? ]qkd}csifao;w,fqkd&if tJ'g
Oyg'gef&Sdw,f/
'gaMumifh w&m;&Smukd,frSm . . .
ukd,fUukdukd,feJhw&m;eJh? ukd,fhukdukd,f[m w&m;
BuD;yJ? 'gaMumifh w&m;&Sm ukd,frSm . . . tJvkdqkdwmm?
'd|dqkdwmvnf; ukd,frSmyJ? or®m'd|dqkd&if opömav;yg;yJ?
'hDjyif[mawG 'hDjyifMunfUvkdh rjrifwJh[mawGvnf; opöm
av;yg;yJ? jrifwJY[mawGu vlrS r[kwfbJ? ]jrifwJUtwkdif;
t&Snf} r[kwfbl;? Oyg'gef jyoavmuf jrif&wm&dyfrdvm;?
]jrifwt YJ wkid ;f t&Sn}f r[kwb f ;l ? jrifwmu ]pu©K0n d mPf}
u ]½lyg½}Hk qkw d m ]jrifwt hJ wkid ;f t&Sn}f ? rsupf u
d jrifwmu
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 5
]jrifwJY twkdif;t&Snf }r[kwfbl;? Oyg'gefjywm &dyfrdvm;?
umrkyg'gef ]umr} uwpfc?k ]Oyg'gef}u wpfck &dyfrdyvm;?
umrk qkdwm tm½kHig;yg;aygh? tJvkd cGJ? cGJ-cGJajymrS w&m;qkd
wmu . . .[kdvkdBuD;avQmufajym&wmr[kwfbl;? ]cGJ-cGJ
ajym&wm 0dbZÆ cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmNyD; a0zefNyD;awmh a[m&wJU
w&m;/
ZmwfawGvkd bmawGvkd 'DvkdajymoGm;&wJU w&m;
r[kwfbl;? cGJajymwm r[kwfbl; ZmwfaMumif;ajymw,f
qkdwmodvm;? tJ'grSvnf; em;axmifcsifw,f? w&m;qkdwm
tJvZdk mwfaMumif;r[kwb f ;l ? t&ifwek ;f uawmh ZmwfaMumif;
awGyJ em;axmifcw YJ ,f? i,fi,fwek ;f uawmh ,yfaxmifwhdk
,yfvSJwkdh? wpfcgwnf; ikdp&m&Sd . . .ikda&m? &,fp&m&Sd . .
. &,fa&m? Oykof Z&yfawGxrJ mS ? tJ'gZmwfaMumif; ac:w,f?
tJ'Dvkd cGJjcm;pdwfjzmNyD;awmh a[mwm r[kwfbl;? olYacwfeJh
ol . . . /
qJwm tusKd;jzpfoGm;NyD? olYa&SYu Oyg'gef&Sdw,f
ck or®m'd|ad jymr,fq&dk if 'UjD yif[mawGu Oyg'geaf wG
jzpfukefw,f? or®m'd|d . . . r*¾if&Spfyg;xJrSm or®m'd|du
'kau©ÚmPH-jzpfvkdh&Sd&if 'ku©? jrifbl;vm; . . ?. Oyg'gef
ork',? ork',qkdwm jzpfwm jzpfaMumif;&Sdw,f? t0dZÆm
6 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
ork',m wJU . . . ½lyorka,m wJh t"dyÜg,f . . . t"dyÜg,f?
teufay;MunfUawmh . . .t0dZÆmjzpfjcif;aMumifhwJU uJ . . .
tJ'D[mav; wpfvkH;wnf;eJYwifyJ 'umrBuD;wkdh awmfawmf
*½kpkduf,l&r,f? ocFg&rjzpfao;bl;? t0dZÆmxm;ygawmU . .?
]Oyg'geork',m} qkdprf; (Oyg'geork',m)? ]Oyg'gef
jzpfjcif;aMumifh} (Oyg'gef jzpfjcif;aMumifh)? tJ'g taMumif;
jzpfwm . . . taMumif;jzpfwm? qJw,fqkdygawmh qJwm
u taMumif;vm; tusKd;vm; ajymprf; (tusKd;yg bk&m;)?
uJ . . . qJwmtusKd; jzpfoGm;NyD? olYa&SUuOyg'gef &Sdw,f
t0dZÆm&Sdw,f wPSm&Sdw, ,f tJ'g y&d,wfu oifay;wm?
y#dywf wpfcgwnf; ygoGm;NyD;awmh y#da0" wpfcgwnf;
ygoGm;w,f . . . jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mykH . . . a[mykH . . .?
a[mykHusrf; t&ifwkef;u . . ./
wPSmaMumifUjzpfwJU a0'emukd 'ku©rSef; rodawmh . . .
0rf;xJudk *½kpu
kd ?f rsuaf wmifcwfwm tJ'g jzpfwmyJ
&w,f? 'g . . o
. rk',yJ? ]t0dZmÆ ork',m} qkdprf; (t0dZÆm
ork',m)? ½lyork'a,m (½lyork'a,m)? ½kyfjzpfwmu
taMumif;vm; tusKd;vm; (tusKd;ygbk&m;)? t0dZÆmjzpfwm
taMumif;vm; tusdK;vm; (taMumif;ygbk&m;)? tJ . . .
tJvdk taMumif;a&m tusK;d a&m? ]wPSmork',m} (wPSm
ork',m)? ]½lyork'a,m} (½lyork'a,m)? a0'emusawmh
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 7
a0'emu tusKd;? wPSmu taMumif;jzpfaew,f? tJ'g
*½lpkduf? y#dpöorkyÜg'frSm tJ'gurS taMumif;tusKd;rSefw,f?
a0'emeJh wPSmav . . w . PSmu t&if? &dyrf v d m;.. aemufNy;D
awmhrS . . .a0'em &dyfrdvm;? ukd,fhzmom cHpm;wm *½kpkduf?
wPSmu taMumif;jzpfaew,f? 'Dy#dpöorkyÜg'frSm ]a0'em
ypö,m wPSm}wJU 'Dvkd qkdw,f r[kwfvm;? 'Du . . .
]wPSmypö,m a0'em}rS taMumif; tusKd;rSefw,f? [kdu
tJ'w D if&yfwm ypöKyeÜ vf nf; tJvydk J tJ'wD PSmaMumifh jzpfwUJ
a0'em rS cE¨m taMumif; tusKd; r[kwfbl;vm;? 'Dawmh
wPSm rjzpfb;l ? wPSm rjzpfatmif yGm;aeMuawmh a0'em
jzpfao;vm;? a0'emwif rcsKyb f ;l vm;? a0'em csKy&f ifbmwk;H
(edAmÁ efygb&k m;)? tJvdk taMumif; tusK;d oifrh S . . . taMumif;
tusKd;oifh&w,f? [kd[musawmh a0'emBuD;csKyfrS qkdawmU
vlaorS . . . aowmawmifrS . . .aorSyJ a0'emBuD;u
csKyfrSm . . . ./
wPSm rjzpfawmhbl;? tJvkd ra&mufbl;vm;
a&mufovm; a0zef&JYvm;? ra0zefygbl; . . .[kd . . . pmqkd-
qkdwJYtwkdif;yJ jzpfoGm;w,f? 'Du ukd,feJh rSefrrSef? rSefrSef
uefuef *½kpu dk &f w,f? tJvdk wPSmjzpfNy;D a0'em usawmU
oabmrusb;l vm;? tJ'D a0'emajymwm . . ?. wPSmaMumifU
jzpfwJU a0'emukd oabmusw,f r[kwfvm; 'gaMumifh
8 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
wPSmjzpfatmif rvkyf&bl;vm;? tJvkd a0'emrsKd;rS . . .
'ku©ac:w,f? tJ'D a0'emukd 'ku©rSef; b,fol odwkH;
ajymprf; wPSmaMumifjU zpfwYJ a0'emukad v . . . aumif;w,f
vkdhcsnf;rajymbl;vm;(ajymygw,fbk&m;)? 'Dawmh 'ku©rSef;
odvm; (rodygb;l -bk&m;)? b,fol tjypfw;Hk . . . uk, d t
hf jypfy?J
wPS m aMumif h jzpf w J h a 0'emuk d 'k u © r S e f ; rod a wmh
wPSmrvkyfcsifbl;vm;? tJvkd vkyfcsifvmw,f . . .'g
'umrBuD;wkdh tjypfr[kwfbl;/
]wPSm}ukrd vkyjf zpfb;l a0'em]'ku}© aMumufveG ;f vkhd . . .
tjypfu ork',? ork',opömqkdwm r&Sdbl;
vm;? t0dZÆmqkdwm bmopömwkH; (ork',opömygbk&m;)?
wPSm bmopömwkH; (ork',opömygbk&m;)? Oyg'gef
bmopömwkH; (ork',opömygbk&m;)? ork', &SdrS 'ku©&SdrSm?
'kuj© zpf&w,f? tJ't
D aMumif; tusK;d rS rSew
f ,f [kwu
f v
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a0'em ]'ku©}aMumufvGef;vkdh r[kwfbl;vm;? a0'emu
bmopömwkH; ('ku©opömygbk&m;)? wPSmu bmopömwkH;
(ork',opömygbk&m;)?]wPSmork',m a0'emork'a,m}
'Dvkd ½IwJUtcgusawmh wPSmr&SdbJeJh a0'em&Sdrvm;?
(r&Sdawmhygbl;bk&m;)? wPSmaMumifhjzpfwJU a0'emukd
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 9
om½I&r,f [kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)? [kd . . . cE¨mu ½IwJU
a0'emu cHpm;wJU a0'em . . .? ql;pl;vnf; emrSmyJ?
bmvkyfvnf; emrSmyJ? [kd[meJh xdawmh Oyg'gefeJh xdawmh
aumif;raebl;vm;? tJ'D a0'em . . .Oyg'gefaMumifhjzpfwJU
a0'em? wPSm aMumifhjzpfwJY a0'em? zóaMumifhjzpfwJU
a0'em rjzpfbl;vm;? taMumif;u tJvkdvmwm? ]ig;ck}
vufcsKd; . . .
]t0dZÆmork',m ½lyork'a,m}
(t0dZÆmork',m ½lyork'a,m)?
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(wPSmork',m Oyg'geork'a,m)?
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(tm[m&ork',m ½lyork'a,m)? ig;ck aphNy;D vm;? tm[m&
ork',m [kd . . . 'DUjyif emrfcE¨mawGusawmh ]tm[m&}
10 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
ae&m ]zó}ukd xJU&w,f? ]0dnmPf}usawmhukd tm[m&
ae&mukd ]emrf½kyf} ukd xJU&w,f[kwfuJhvm;..? tJvkd . .
0dnmPfusawmh emrf½kyfxJh? ur®ork',m ½lyork'a,m
&w,f/
{½kyjf zpfaMumif;ig;yg;-t0dZmÆ wPSm Oyg'gef uH tm[m&}
{t0dZÆmork',m ½lyork'a,m
wPSmork',m ½lyork'a,m
Oyg'geork',m ½lyork'a,m
ur®ork',m ½lyork'a,m
tm[m&ork',m ½lyork'a,m}
tJ'grS ig;ck ½kyfukd cE¨m 1-ckukd tJ'D[mu ig;ck?
cE¨mwpfckukd bmwkH; (ig;ckygbk&m;)? t0dZÆmork',m ½ly
ork'a,mqkdawmh taMumif;uig;ck? jzpfwJU½kyfu wpfckxJ
r[kwfvm; (wifyghbk&m;)? tJvkd . . . jzpfwmukdvnf;
od&w,f? pu©KH O'yg'd ÚmPHO'yg'd 0dZmÆ O'yg'd r[kwb f ;l vm;
tmavmaum O'gyg'd u b,fESpfckwkH; (ig;ckygbk&m;)?
ig;ck? tJ'g *½kpkdufvkyfyg? ½kyfwpfckxJrSm ig;ckjzpfwmukd?
½kyfwpfckxJ bmjzpfoGm;wkH; (ig;ckjzpfoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)?
cE¨ m ig;ck q k d a wmh b,f E S p f c k j zpf r wk H ; ? (25-ck y gbk & m;)?
tJ'grSwfxm; tJ'g ork',eJh 'ku©ukd tJvkd½Iw,f? cE¨m
ig;ckqadk wmh b,fEpS cf wk ;Hk (ESpq f ,fih g;ckygb&k m;) wpfaxmif
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 11
jzpf&rSm? ÓmPfu 'Davmuf aumif;wm &Sifom&dykwÅ&mwkdh
r[kwfbl;vm;..? uJ . . . 'umrBuD;wkdh vkdufvkdhrDao;vm;
(rrDygbl;bk&m;)/
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taMumif;tusK;d eJh [kwu f v
hJ m; taMumif;u ig;ck? tusK;d u
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ukdvnf; od&r,f? tusKd;ukdvnf;od&r,f? cE¨mig;yg;
a&mufomG ;NyaD emf? taMumif;ig;ck-tusK;d ig;ck? q,fcak ygh . . .
cE¨mig;yg;qkad wmh b,fEpS cf w k ;Hk (ig;q,fygb&k m;)? ckewke;f u
tpdwfqkdawmh ck ig;q,fjzpfoGm;NyD? tJ'g pu©KHO'yg'd . . .
eJhwif ig;q,f? t0dZÆmork',m ½ly ork'a,meJhwif
ig;q,f? O'gy'd ig;ckqkd&if b,fESpfq,fwkH;(ESpf&mhig;q,fyg
bk&m;)? ig; ig;q,fvD ESpf&mhig;q,f? 'D[m jzpfwJY[m
O'yg'du t0dZÆmork',m ½lyork'a,m qkdawmhukd 'D
tZösweÅ hJ A[d'¨ rygbeJ jhJ zpfuv YJ m;? (rjzpfygb;l bk&m;)? tJ'gehJ
ajr§mufvkdufawmh b,favmuf&vJ (ig;&mygbk&m;)? yxr
wef;rsm;w,f? tm½kHu&Sdao;w,f? tZöswÅwkdh A[d'¨wkdh?
½kyef mrfwhdk Ny;D awmh twdwf tem*gwf ypöKyeÜ w f hdk ygao;w,f?
q,fhwpfyg;qkd . . . b,f . . .wpfaxmifausmfawmif
12 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
oGm;vdrfhtkH;r,f? tJ'gawGa&MunfUyg . . .ukd,fuawmh
wpfckESpfckawmif renf;vkduf odae&w,f . . .[kwfw,f
rkdhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)/
rSdef;rSdef;BuD;u wPSmcHpm;w,f
ck acgif;ikHhwmawG rsufawmifcwfwmawG bmvkyf
wmwkH;? ½kyfjzpfwm . . .bmjzpfwmwkH; (½kyfjzpfwmygbk&m;)?
atmifrm igjzpfw,fvkdYrsm; xifaeovm;? tJ rsufawmif
cwfwmawG rsufpdzGifhwmawG bmjzpfwmwkH; (½kyfjzpfwm
ygbk&m;)? 0dnmPfjzpfwm? jrifwmu bmjzpfwmwkH; (½kyf
jzpfwmygbk&m;)? Oayu©mjzpfwmu bmjzpfwmwkH; (a0'em
jzpfwmygb&k m;)? aumif; raumif;MunfaU ewm tJ'g a0'em
jzpfwmyJ? b,foyl J b,f0gyv J Ydk trSwrf &bl;vm; (trSw&f
ygw,fbk&m;)? tJ'g bmjzpfwmwkH; (onmjzpfwmygbk&m;)?
aumif;wm qkd;wm rrSwfbl;vm;? tJ'gbmjzpfwmwkH;
(a0'em jzpfwmygbk&m;)? ocFg&jzpfwm? cHpm;&wmu
bmjzpfwmwkH; (a0'emjzpfwmygbk&m;)? cE¨mig;yg;r,fjzpf
oGm;w,f . . . O'yg'd ygw,f? tJvkd *½kpkduf . . .?
NidrfNidrfBuD; vkyfraeeJY? eifwkdhu . . .NidrfNidrfBuD;ub,fuvm
wkH;qkd&if rSdef;rSdef;BuD;u vmwm . . .? rS d e f ; rS d e f ; BuD ; u
wPS m cH p m;w,f ? rcHpm;bl;vm;? rSdef;rSdef;BuD;qkdawmh
raumif;bl;vm;.. tJ'gawGudk rSdef;csifaew,f &dyfrd&JYvm;
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 13
rSdef;rSdef;BuD;raeeJh [kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)? rSdef;rSdef;BuD;
aewmu wPSmeJhaewmrsm;vkdY NydwåmBuD;jzpfwm? a>rBuD;
awGjzpfawmha&m rSdef;rSdefBuD;raebl;vm;? tJ'gtdyfwm
rSdef;rSdef;BuD; wPSm? ]wPSmork',m} (wPSmork',m)?
NyD;awmha&m? (½lyork'a,mygbk&m;)? a0'emork'a,m
onmork'a,m ig;ckr&Sdbl;vm;? tJ'g wPSm . . . olu
rSdef;rSdefBuD;? cE¨mBuD;uvnf; rSdef;rSdef;BuD;aewm? 'umrBuD;
wku hd oabmrusb;l vm; usovm;? odwhJ vlu oabmus
ovm;? (rusygb;l bk&m;)? tJovkd *½kpu dk yf g/ tJvdk rSed ;f rSed ;f
BuD;vkyfraeeJY? ÚmPfeJY ae&r,f? ]oAÁH raemur®H} qkdprf;
(oAÁH raemur®H)? ÚmPykAÁ*FrH (ÚmPykAÁ*FrH)? ÚmPmEky&d0
wÅw d H (ÚmPmEky&d0wdw Å )H ? jrwfpmG bk&m; raemuHrmS ÚmPfehJ
aew,f? 'umrBuD;wkdYvnf; ÚmPfeJYae? rSdef;rSdef;BuD; oGm;-
oGm;raeeJh [kwu f v
hJ m;? (rSev f yS gb&k m;)? rodvu kd f rodzmom
raeeJh t0dZÆmeJhaewm? rodvkduf rodzmom aewm bmwkH;
(t0dZÆmeJhaewmygbk&m;)? om;awG orD;awG ypönf;awG
atmif;arhaewm bmeJYaewmwkH; (t0dZÆmeJhaewmygbk&m;)?
Oyg'gefeJhaewmawG [kwfuJhvm; (rSefygbk&m;)? ]ur®
ork',m} awGa&mygao;w,fxm;awmh . . ./
14 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)

wpf&Sdxnf;&Sdaewmu ykxkZOfrvdkh wjzpfxnf; jzpfaewm

tck Nidrfaewm bmopömwkH;]rjzpfbl;} ]rjzpfbl;}
(eda&m"opömygbk&m;)? tJ'gukd rsufpdu rsufarSmufjyKae&
r,f? [kd Nidrfwmr[kwfbl; rSdef;wm r[kwb f ;l [kwu f vhJ m;
(rSeyf gb
h &k m;)? t0dZmÆ eda&m"m? (t0dZÆmeda&m"m)? qkdprf;
(ocFg&eda&ma"m)? ]½lyeda&ma"m} w&m;eJh 'Dvkd eD;pyfatmif
ajymaew,f? 'DvkdvkyfMunfUawmh reD;bl;vm; eD;ovm;?
edAÁmefqkdwm a0;-a0;BuD;jzpfaew,f [kwfuJhvm;? ]t0dZÆm
eda&m"m ½lyeda&ma"m} tJvq dk &dk w,f ½kyaf wmifr&Sad wmhb;l ?
t0dZÆmeda&m"m a0'emeda&ma"m . . .tJ'D a0'emr&Sdbl;?
t0dZmÆ vnf; ae&mwkid ;f &Sad ew,fvhdk rSwrf aeeJ?Y wpf&Sdxnf;
&S d a ewmu yk x k Z Of rvk d h w pf j zpf w nf ; jzpf a ewm
'Dvkd . . . ]okw0g t&d,m om0aum} Mum;zl;wJh yk*¾dKvf
awG? aou©yk*¾dKvfawGu ykxkZOfvkd r[kwfbl; &dyfrdvm;?
w&m;emwJh yk*¾dKvfawG? usifhqJ yk*¾dKvfawGu aou©yk*¾dKvf
awG bmac:wkH; (usifhqJ aou©yk*¾dKvfygbk&m;)? tif; . . .
w&m;awGemNy;D usiq hf NJ y;D oGm;Nyq D &dk if usiNhf y;D yk*Kd¾ v[
f w
k vf m;
(rSefygbk&m;)? usifhNyD;yk*¾dKvf taou©yk*¾dKvf? bmac:wkH;
(taou©yk*¾dKvfygbk&m;)? tJ'g bk&m; &[EåmawG . . .
usifhNyD;NyD &Sifom&dykwå&m emNyD;NyD usifhNyD;NyD [kwfuJhvm;?
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 15
t&ifwkef;u . . . rusifh&ao;bl;? tJ'D w&m;ukd em½kHwif
emwm? emawmh b,fvkdodwkH;qkdawmh taMumif;tusdK;ukd
odw,f? emawmh b,fvkdodwkH; (taMumif;tusdK;ukd
odygw,fbk&m;)? a[wk-taMumif;wJh . . ./
½kyjf zpfwm bmaMumifjU zpfowk;H
tck rsufawmifcwfwmawG bmvkyfwmwkH;½kyf
jzpfwm? bmaMumifjh zpfowk;H ? (t0dZmÆ aMumifh jzpfwmygb&k m;)?
'umrBuD;wkdYusawmh tm[m&yJ odw,f? ]tm[m&
ork',m ½lyork'a,m} 'gyJodw,f? t0dZÆmjzpfaevkdh
rsufpdawG jrifaew,fvkdh rodbl;? rsufpdawGjrifaewm
bmork',wk;H 0dnmPork',? rsupf jd rifwm bmork',
wkH; (0dnmPork',ygbk&m;)?
em;Mum;wm bmork',wkH; (0dnmPork',ygbk&m;)
ESmacgif;eHwm bmork',wkH; (0dnmPork',ygbk&m;)
tJ . . u
. ,
dk Bf u;D xdwm bmork',wk;H (0dnmPork',ygb&k m;)
pdwfxJuBuHwm bmork',wkH; (0dnmPork',ygbk&m;)
]t0dZÆmork',m 0dnmPork'a,m} rygbl;vm;
ygovm; (ygygw,fbk&m;)? ]emr½ly ork',m} (emr½ly
ork',m)? ]0dnmPork'a,m} (0dnmPork'a,m)?
tJvkdjzpfwm taMumif;ig;yg; r&Sdbl;vm; 0dnmPfjzpfwm?
b,fr,fvlBuD; ]ig} BuD;&Sdovm; (r&Sdygbl;bk&m;)? tJvkd
16 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
jzpfoGm;w,f tJvkd oday;&w,f? jzpfwm ighzmomjzpfw,f
vdhk rrSwbf ;l vm; rSwof vm; (rSwyf gw,fb&k m;)? xrif;rpm;
bJeJh jzpfuJhvm; (rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? xrif;vnf; qefu
r&SmbJeJh &&JUvm; (r&ygbl;bk&m;)? tJvkdrsdK;awG . . .? NyD;awmh
ta[mif;rxkwfbJeJh jzpfuJhvm; (rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? topf
rpm;bJehJ jzpfuv hJ m; (rjzpfygb;l bk&m;)? tJ'gawG *½kpu d k f . ./
okw0g t&d,mom0aum
]rjzpf}qkd&if ]rjzpf}wm-]jzpfqkd}&if]jzpf}wm?
]jzpfwm}eJh ]rjzpfwm} tJ'gawG jzpfaew,f? NyD;awmhrS
tJ'gawG rodawmhrS . . ]. vl}vdhk a,mufsm;vdo hk mG ; jzpfNy;D awmh
t0dZÆmoGm;jzpfwm? ]t0d Z Æ m } b,f u ]jzpf } rod w m
u]jzpf}? tJovkd rodwmujzpfwm q&muvnf; oifr
ay;bl;? rat zatuvnf; oifray;bl;? ukd,fhzmom
uk,d u f vnf; rodb;l ? 'Dawmh rodwmu ]p} rjzpfb;l vm;?
rodwmu bmwkH; (t0dZÆmygbk&m;)? tJ . . .t0dZÆmqkdwm
tJ'Duvmwm oifray;&if ]okw0g t&d,mom0aum}
(okw0g t&d,mom0aum)? tJovkd rSefrSefMum;zl;wJh
yk*¾dKvfu . . .t&d,myk*¾dKvf&JU wynfUjzpfoGm;w,f? tJawmh
rS . . .½lyod®rÜdedAÁdE´wd (½lyodr® edÜ Ad EdÁ w
´ )d ? a0'em,yd edAÁdE´wd
(a0'em,yd edAÁdE´wd)? onm,yd edAÁdE´wd (onm,yd
edAÁdE´wd)? ocFga&okyd edAÁdE´wd (ocFga&okyd edAÁdE´wd)?
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 17
0dnmPod®rÜd edAÁdE´wd (0dnmPod®rÜd edAÁdE´wd)? edAÁdE´H 0d&ZÆwd
(edAÁdE´H 0d&ZÆwd)? 0d&m*g 0drkpöwd (0d&m*g 0drkpöwd) 0drkwÅo®ð
]0drkwÅ} rDwd ÚmPH a[mwd (0drkwÅo®ð ]0drkwÅ} rDwd
ÚmPH a[mwd)? cDPm Zmwd (cDPm Zmwd)? 0kow d H
jA[®p&d,H (0kow d H jA[®p&d,)H ? uwH u&PD,H (uwH
u&PD,H)? emy&H £w¦wÅm ,m wd yZmemwDwd (emy&H
£w¦wmÅ ,m wd yZmemwDw)d / tJvdk tusiw hf idk ;f oGm;w,f
tJvkdusrS NiD;aiGYw,f NiD;aiGY NyD; wpfcgwnf;ukd . . ./
]0#faumif}rSm ]0#f} r&Sdawmhbl;qkd&if . . .
aysmfaew,f . . . raysmfbl;vm;? (aysmfygw,f
bk&m;) bmxJrSm aysmfaewkH; (udavomxJrSmygbk&m;)?
udavomu bmwkH; (0#fygbk&m;)? udavo0#fvkdhr&Sd
bl;vm; (&Sdygw,fbk&m;)? tck udavom jzpfovm;
(rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? jzpf&ifb,frSmjzpfwkH; (raemrSmygbk&m;)?
tck 'umrBuD;wkdhu bmwkH; (0#faumifygbk&m;)? tJ'DrSm
0#faumifrSm jzpfwmaygh? r[kwfbl;vm;? rjzpfbJ ae&if
'D]0#faumif}rSm ]0#f}&Sdao;vm; (r&Sdawmhygbl;bk&m;)?
0#fqkdwm b,frSm jzpfowkH;-taumifrSm jzpfw,f? 0#f
qkdwm b,frSmjzpfowkH; (taumifrSm jzpfygw,fbk&m;)?
taumifrSm 0#fr&Sd&if jzpfao;vm;? 0#faumifvkdh ac:vkdh
jzpfao;vm; (rjzpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)? 'umrBuD;wdkhu
18 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
bmaumifw;Hk (0#faumifygb&k m;)? 0#fr&Sb d ;l qk&d if bmaumif
ac:owkH; (0d0¥ygbk&m;) 0#fr&SdwJh taumifac:wmaygh
r[kwfbl;vm;? wPSmBuD;u tck&Sdaeovm; (r&Sdygbl;
bk&m;)? ]uH} ua&m&Sdaeovm;(r&Sdygbl;bk&m;) uHeJh
ukd,feJY[m twlwlvm; (r[kwfygbl;bk&m;)? ]0#faumif}eJh
]uH}eJ?h aumifehJ uHe?hJ aumifqw
dk m b,f[mwk;H 'Du, dk Bf u;D
ayg?h aumifqw dk m b,f[mwk;H ('Du, dk Bf u;D ygb&k m;)? 'Du, dk f
BuD; 'DaumifBuD; 'DaumifrBuD;aygh? r&Sdbl;vm; rac:bl;vm;
(ac:ygw,f b k & m;)? 'D a umif r S m ]0#f } w&m;r&S d b l ; wJ h
bmaumifac:owkH; 0#fr&Sdwmaygh tJovkdjzpf&rSmaygh . . .
b,f&SdvkdhBuD;xJae&if 'umrBuD;wkdh aoa&maygh? rvGwf
awmhbl;/
0#faxmifu rvGwfatmif csKyfaESmifwm b,folwkH;
tcku bk&m;&Sdaew,f? 0#fuvGwf&rSmaygh? 0#fu
bm0#fwkH; udavo0#f? tck&Sdovm; (r&Sdygbl;bk&m;)?
rSwx
f m; . . u . m,uH 0pDuH raemuHa&m &So
d vm; (r&Syd gb;l
bk&m;)? tJ'g 0dygu0#fu rvGwfbl;vm; (vGwfygw,f
bk&m;)? tJ'D taumifeJh0#f? bmaMumifh . . . 0#fqw dk m
b,fvdk[m? taumifqkdwm b,fvkd[m? tJvkd *½kpkduf
[kwwf ,frhv dk m;? 0#faxmifu rvGwfatmif csKyfaESmifwm
b,folwkH; (udavomygb&k m;)? csKyaf ESmiftwkyv
f w
G wf ,f
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 19
qkw
d m b,folhvGwfowkH; 0#faumifBuD;rSm vGwfwmaygh
tJovdk vGwf&rSm? &dyfrdyvm; (rSefvSygbk&m;)? udk,fhukd
udk,fBuD;ukd *½kpdkuf? b,foGm;vGwfrwkH; . . .0#faumifrSm
0#fawGvw G wf ,f? 0#faumifrmS bmawG vGwo f wk;H (0#fawG
vGwyf gw,fb&k m;)? t&ifwek ;f u rvGww f wfvhkd vGww f wf
&ifvGwf&rSm r[kwfbl;vm; (rSefygbk&m;)? udavomqkdwm
bmwk;H (0#fygb&k m;)? um,uH 0pDuH raemuHqw dk m bmwk;H
(ur®0#fygbk&m;)? rsufpdawG em;awG ESmacgif;awGu
bm0#fw;Hk (0dygu0#fygb&k m;)? tJ'g bmawGw;Hk (]0#f}awGyg
bk&m;)? ]0#faumif}qkdprf; . . .(0#faumif)? ]0#faumif}eJh
0#feJh twlwlvm; ESpfckvm; (rwlygbl;bk&m;)? tJ'g
ukd,fhukdukd,f 0#f&Sdw,f r&Sdbl;vJ tJvdkod&r,f? &dyfrdvm;
(&dyfrdygw,fbk&m;)/
jyKaMumif;&,f? jyKwm&,f? jzpfwm&,f
'grS ÚmPfawG . . o. yd yHÜ nmrSm ÚmPfawG rjzpfb;l vm;
tJovkdudk ÚmPfawG jzpf&w,f? ÚmPfucGJjcrf;&w,f? 'grS
ÚmPfjzpfrSmaygh? uH u bm0#fwkH; (ur®0#fygbk&m;) ur®0#f
qkdwm ]uH} vkyfwkH;rSm jzpfaewm [kwfuJhvm;? t0dZÆmu
]udavo0#f}u ]jzpfaMumif;} [kwu f vhJ m;? udavom
u]jyKaMumif;}}vdqhk &dk r,f/ ]udavom}u bmvJ (jyKaMumif;
ygb&k m;)? uH ujyKwmaemf udavomu bmwk;H (jyKaMumif;
20 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
ygb&k m;)? ]uH} u bmvkyfwmwkH; (jyKwmygbk&m;) m;)? ]uH}
u jyKwmudk cHpm;wmu bmvkyfwmwkH; (jzpfwmygbk&m;)?
tJ'o D ;Hk ck *½kpu
kd f ]jyKwm} rjzpf&if ]cHpm;wm} jzpfao;vm;
(rjzpfygb;l bk&m;)? ]jyKaMumif;rjzpfv&hkd &dS if ]jyKwm} jzpfao;
vm; (rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? tJvkdcGJjcm;rS uHukefwm odkYr[kwf
vdkh&Sd&if ]uHukd} rukefbl;? tJ'DuH&JY t&dyftacsukd rjrifvkdh
&Sd&if ]uH}udkrukefbl; tJ'DuH&JY t&dyftacsukd rjrifvkdh&Sd&if
aemufxyfNyD; jyKcsif-jyKcsifaew,f? jyKcsif-jyKcsif aew,f
qkw d m bmwk;H (udavo0#fygb&k m;)? tJ uH&YJ t&dyt f acsudk
rodv&hkd &dS if jyKcsiaf ew,f? jyKcsiw f mu bmwk;H (udavomyg
bk&m;)? tJ'D jyKcsiw f mr&S&d if jyKwm&Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygb;l
bk&m;)? jyKwmr&S&d if jzpfwm&Sd ao;vm; (r&Sad wmhygb;l bk&m;)?
tJ'D okH;ckukd *½kpkduf? uGJ&JYvm; (uGJygw,fbk&m;)? tJvkd
cGJajymrS . . .'grSvnf; vkyfwwfrSm? okdYr[kwfvdkh&Sd&if . . .? 'g
]y#dywÅd} usifhwwfw,f? NyD;awmhrvkyfbl;vm;? udavom
qkw d m bmvkyw f hJ [mwk;H jyKaMumif;? udavom&Srd S jyKwm&Sd
w,f? udavom r&S&d ifjyKwm jzpfuv hJ m; (rjzpfygb;l bk&m;)?
wpfa,mufwnf;ae-ae ESpaf ,mufwnf;ae-ae udavom
&Sd&if jzpfwmyJ? jyKwmyJqkdygawmh? jyKwmu b,folwkH;
(uHygbk&m;)? jyKaMumif;u b,folwkH; (udavomygbk&m;)
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 21
jzpfwmu b,fow l ;Hk (0dygu ygb&k m;) a0'emwkhd wPSmwkhd
Oyg'gefwkdh r[kwfbl;vm;? tJ'gjzpfoGm;wm? wPSma&m
jzpfoGm;wmygbJ r[kwfbl;vm;? jyKwmu b,folwkH;
(uHygbk&m;)? jzpfoGm;wJh 0dygufBuD;u 'umrBuD;wkdh
r[kwfbl;aemf? olYudk bmvkdhac:rwkH; (0dygu0#f ygbk&m;)?
olYudk bmvdkhac:rwkH; (0dygu0#fygbk&m;)/

]0#f}eJh ]0#faumif}eJh cGJ

'umrBuD;wkdYu 0#faumifaemf? [kd[mu bmwkH;
(0#fygbk&m;)? ]0#f } eJ h ]0#f a umif } eJ h c G J ? 'DaumifBuD;u
xrif;awGpm;Ny;D wpfb0rSm 'Dvydk J jzpfaerSmyJ? tJ'D 0#faumif
xJrSm 0#fr&Sdbl;qkdvdkh&Sd&if 0#f&SdwJh taumifvdkhqkdEkdifovm;
(rqkdEkdifygbl;bk&m;)? tckrS cGJvdkhcGmvkdhjzpfrSmaygh? odkhr[kwfvkdh
&Sd&if 'D0#fBuD; b,fES,fUvkyfjzpfrwkH;? tck udavom
&Sdovm; (r&Sdygbl;bk&m;)? r&SdbJeJh udavom&Sdw,fvkdh
ajymvkdY&ovm;? tJ'g 0#faumif . . . tck 0#f&Sdovm;
(r&Syd gb;l bk&m;)? 'gav;u vlwidk ;f rodb;l aemf (rSeyf gb h &k m;)?
ajymwwfwJh w&m;vnf; [kwfuJhvm;? tJvkdudk ]cGJ}
rajymwwfvhkd ruGw J m [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbh &k m;)? jyKaMumif;
u bm0#fwkH; (udavo0#fyg bk&m;)? jyKwmu bm0#fwkH;
22 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
(ur®0#f ygb&k m;)? jzpfwmu bm0#fw;Hk (0dygu0#fygb&k m;)?
udavo0#f qkdprf; . . .(udavo0#f)? NyD;awmha&m
(ur®0#fygbk&m;)? jzpfwmubm0#fwkH; (0dygu0#fyg bk&m;)?
udavo0#fqkdprf; (udavo0#f)? NyD;awmha&m (ur®0#f?
0dygu0#f) tJ . . .jyKaMumif;u (udavo0#fygbk&m;)?
jyKwmu (ur®0#fygbk&m;) jzpfwmu (0dygu0#fygbk&m;)?
tJ ' grS w f x m;jyKaMumif ; u ud a vo0#f ? ud a vo0#f
udavomujyKwm r[kwfbl;aemf . . .vkyfwmr[kwfbl;
aemf . . . olujyKaMumif; [kww f ,frhv dk m; (rSeyf gb h &k m;)?
udavom q,fyg;odNyv D m; (odygNyb D &k m;)? udavomqkw d m
e*kt d NrwJ rf; &Sad ewmr[kwb f ;l ? udavo0#fqw dk m bmajym
wmwk;H (jyKaMumif;ygb&k m;)? jyKaMumif; jzpfw0hJ #f [kwu f v hJ m;?
jyKwmu (ur®0#fygbk&m;)? ur®0#fqkdwm um,uH 0pDuH
raemuH pdwfeJhvnf; vkyfw,f yg;pyfeJhvnf; vkyfw,f?
uk, d Bf u;D eJv
Y nf; vkyw f ,f? vkyv f &hdk &dS if bm0#fw;Hk (ur®0#fyg
bk&m;)? yg;pyfeu hJ sajymw,fvYdk jzpfomG ;w,f pifppfvyk w f myJ
uHu;dk . ]. ua&mwDwd ur®}H jyKw[ hJ m b,fow l ;Hk (uHygb&k m;)?
]ig} jyKw,fvYdk qkrd vm; (rqkyd gb;l bk&m;)? 'gaMumifh bmvkyf
w,f nmvkyw f ,fqw dk m bmwk;H (]uH}ygb&k m;)? uHawGu
bmawGwkH; . . .]0#f}? ur®0#f um,uH 0pDuH r&Sb d ;l vm;
(&Syd gw,fb&k m;)? uHu bmjyKvjhdk zpfwmwk;H uH&YJ taMumif;u
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 23
b,fow l ;Hk (udavomygb&k m;)? tJ udavo0#f? udavom
qdkwm pdwfnpfw,f? udavo0#f? uH&JUjyKaMumif;u
(udavo0#fygbk&m;)? uH&JUtusdK;u (0dygu0#fygbk&m;)?
0dygu0#f qkdwm rsufpdawG em;awG ESmacgif;awG vQmawG
ukd,fawG pdwfawG? tJ'D 0#fokH;yg;u tdyfaysmfaewkef;ukd
0#frvkyb f ;l ? udavom r&S&d if udavom jyKaMumif; r&Sb d ;l ?
jyKaMumif;r&Sb d ;l qk&d if jyKwm&Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygb;l bk&m;)?
tJ'g *½kpkduftck pdwfrSm pdwfrSm . . . jyKaMumif;r&Sdvdkh
jyKwmr&Sv d &hdk &dS if jzpfwma&m&Sad o;vm;? tJ'g 0#fr[kwb f ;l vm;
(rSeyf gb
h &k m;)? ]jyKaMumif;}eJh qkpd rf; (]jyKaMumif;}eJ]h jyKwm}eJh
]jzpfwm}) tJ'g 0#fokH;yg; r[kwfvm; (rSefyghbk&m;)? tJ'D
0#fo;Hk yg;u rvGwb f ;l vm; vGwo f vm; (vGwyf gw,fb&k m;)?
vGw&f ifbmwk;H 0drw k adÅ c:w,f? vGw&f if bmac:w;Hk (0drw k ydÅ g
bk&m;)? 0#fw&m;rS vGwfw,fwJh tJvdk[m edAÁmefac:w,f/
jrwfpGmbk&m;wkdhrSm tJ'DvkyfaMumif; r&Sdawmhbl;
t0dZmÆ qkvd udk pf rf; (t0dZmÆ )? t0dZmÆ ypö,m (t0dZmÆ
ypö,m ocFg&m)? ocFg&m-ocFg&ypö,m(ocFg&ypö,m)? 0dnmPH
(0dnmPH)? 0dnmPf emrf½kyfu xm;awmh [kwfuJhvm;
a0'emxdatmifayg?h tJ'gBu;D ukd . . t . ckrsupf u d jrifaew,f
qk d & if bm0#f j zpf o wk H ; (0d y gu0#f jzpf w mygbk & m;)?
ukd,fhudkukd,fxJrSmaemf . . .? tJ 'umrBuD;wdkh udavom
24 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
awGjzpf&if bmawGjzpfaewkH; (udavo0#f jzpfaeygw,f
bk&m;)? cHpm;wmawGjzpfae&if bm0#fjzpfaewkH;? (0dygu0#f
ygbk&m;)? tJ'gawG rjzpfbl;qkd&if bmjzpfaewkH;(0drkwÅd
jzpfaeygw,fb&k m;)? b,fojl zpf&rSmwk;H 0drw k u
dÅ ('Du,
dk Bf u;D
rSmygbk&m;)? tJ'D ukd,fhukd,fyJjzpf&rSm r[kwfbl;vm;?
]uH}qkdwmu . . .? udavomqkdwmu t0dZÆm
r[kwfbl;vm; arm[? NyD;awmh 0rf;xJu avmbuvnf;
vkycf siw f mygb?J vkyw
f mr[kwbf ;l aemf avmbu? apwem
u vkyfwm wkefhjyefwm vkyfwm [kwfuJhvm;-tJvkdrsdK;?
avmbu vkyfcsifw,f? 'd|dua&m vkyfcsifwmyJ udavo
0#fqdkwm bmvkyfwmwkH; (vkyfcsifwmygbk&m;)? vkyfwm
r[kwfbl;aemf vkyfaMumif; [kwfuJhvm;? jrwf p G m bk & m;
wk d Y r S m tJ'DvkyfaMumif;r&Sdawmhbl;? 'umrBuD;wkdYvnf;
jzpfw,f? r&dyfrdvkdh/
tm½kHcH t*Fgig;yg;
[kd . . tm½k
.tm½kHcHt*Fgig;yg; r&Sdbl;vm;? tm½kHcH t*Fg
ig;yg;u rsufpdwkdh em;wkdh ESmacgif;wkdh vQmwkdh pmvkd ajym&if
pu©Kwkdh aomwwkdh yom'½kyfig;ckaygh tJ'gu bmt*FgwkH;
(tm½kcH H t*Fgig;yg;ygb&k m;)? ol&Y YJ tm½kH trSeu
f b,f[mwk;H
(½lyg½kH? o'´g½kH? *E¨m½kH? &om½kH? azm|AÁm½kHygbk&m;)? tJ'gu
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 25
tm½kHrSef [kwfuJhvm;? tm½kHrSefvdkh&Sd&if udavomrjzpfbl;?
tJ'DrSm 'Gg& um,'Gg& qkdprf; (um,'Gg&)? 0pD'Gg& (0pD'Gg&)?
raem'Gg& (raem'Gg&)? tJ'g 'Gg&okH;yg; vkdhvnf;ac:w,f?
uHokH;yg;vdkhvnf; ac:w,f? uHeJh 'Gg& tJ'gac:w,f? bmrS
xl;wmvnf;r[kwfbJeJh jiif;wm? tJ'DuHrSm 0dygufrjzpfbl;
uHNyD;&if bmjzpfwkH; (0dygufjzpfygw,fbk&m;)? 0dygufu
'Dvkd . . .tck tEko,&,f qkdprf; (tEko,&,f)
tEko,qdkwm . . .? tckuad vomrjzpfb;l aemf . . ?.
avsmfaomtaMumif;ukd &vm&if j zpf w ,f ? bmwJ U w k H ;
(avsmfaomtaMumif;uk&d vm&if jzpfygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g
tEko,ac:w,f? ruk e f a o;vk d h & S d & if aemuf j zpf w ,f ?
tEko,NyD;awmh udavomjzpfw,fqkdwm vGrf;w,fwkdh
aqG;w,fwdkY ylw,fwkdhqkdwm pdwfjzpfwm r[kwfvm;
(rSefygbk&m;)? ÚmPfjzpfwm r[kwfbl;aemf . . .[kd rodwJh
[mawG avQmufajymwmawG rodbeJ hJ todvyk w f mawGav?
tJ'gawGu pdwÅZac:w,f? pdwfxJrSmjzpfwmawG ajymae
w,f vkyfaew,f? tEko,&,f pdwÅZ&,f qkdwmu
0dyguf&Sdao;vkdhjzpfwm? 0dygufr&Sd&if rjzpfawmhbl;? 0dygufu
vnf; uH&adS o;vkjhd zpfwm? uHr&S&d if 0dygurf jzpfb;l ? tEko,
eJh pdwZÅ ? tEko,uawmh xm;ygawmh avsmaf omtaMumif;
26 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
ukd&rSjzpfw,f? avsmfwJhtaMumif;r&Sd&if rjzpfbl;? tJ'g
tEko,? pdwÅZuawmh pdwfawGul;w,f r[kwfvm;
(rSefygbk&m;)? tJ'g pdwÅZ? uH&SdrSjzpfw,f? 0dygufaMumifh
udavom rjzpfbl;vm; (jzpfygw,fbk&m;)? 0dygu0#fu
udavo0#f jzpfw,f? 'umrBu;D wku Yd 0dygu0#fvrhkd [kwb
f J
rdef;rBuD; a,mufsm;BuD;vdkh vkyfvdkhomjzpfwm? 0dygu0#fvdkY
jzpf&ifo&d if udao0#f rjzpfb;l ? wpfpwpfp odomG ;&rSmayg?h
rodvhkd jzpf&wmuk;d ? rodwmu t0dZmÆ ac:w,f [kww f ,frhdk
vm; rodwmu . . ./
0#frjzpfcsifvdh&k Sd&if jyKaMumif;ukdrvkyfeJh
jyKaMumif;ukrd w S xf m;aemf? jyKaMumif;vko hd &d if rjyKb;l
&dyrf v
d m; (rSeyf gb
h &k m;)? jyKaMumif;vdYk rodvjhdk yKwm? jyKaMumif;
u bmwkH; (udavo0#fygbk&m;)? udavo0#f jyKwmu
bm0#fw;Hk (ur®0#f ygb&k m;)? rsupf ad wG bmawG jzpfwmu
bm0#fwkH;? (0dygu0#fygbk&m;)? uav;av;awG . . .bmawG
rjzpfbl;vm; (jzpfygw,fbk&m;)? rat zatu jyKaMumif;
r[kwfbl;vm;? jyKaMumif;jzpfawmh jyKwmcsnf;jzpfw,f?
jyKwmcsnf;jzpfawmh . . .jzpfwmcsnf; jzpfw,fr[kwfvm;?
tJ'gbm0#fwkH; tJ'g 0#fo;Hk yg;&,f 0#faumif&,f 'umrBu;D wkhd
 ]0#faumif}eJh 0#f} w&m;awmf 27
&dyrf v
d m;? 0#faumifqw dk m 0#fjzpf&mtaumifBu;D [kwu f v hJ m;?
0#fjzpf&m taumifBuD; ]0#f}u rjzpfawmhbl;qkd&if
'D0#faumifBuD;u b,fvkdaewkH; (0#frjzpfwJh taumifBuD;
jzpfoGm;ygw,fbk&m;)? atmifrm . . . 'umrBuD;wkdYu
0#fjzpfcsifovm; rjzpfcsifbl;vm; (rjzpfcsifygbl;bk&m;)?
rjzpfcsifvdkh&Sd&if tJvdk jyKaMumif; rvkyfeJh? ]jyKaMumif;
ukdom rvkyfyg jyKwm rjzpf-jzpfownf;} (jyKaMumif;ukdom
rvkyfyg jyKwmrjzpf jzpfownf;} ]jyKwm}eJh ]jzpfwm}eJh
rwlbl;aemf (rSefvSygbk&m;)? ]jyKwm} qkdwm]vkyfwm}. . .
'Dv]kd vkywf m} wHpOf&w d w f m bmvkyw f m nmvkyw f mu ]uH}
ac:w,f? jzpfwmu 0dyguaf c:w,f? 'umrBu;D wku hd 'Do;Hk ckudk
]ig}vkdhrrSwfbl;vm;? ]ig}vdkhrSwfwm ouúm,'d|d-uJ . . .
tJ'&D YJ ÚmPfu 'Dupwm? 0#fo;Hk yg;Bu;D ukd ]ig}vkrhd rSwb f ;l vm;
rxifbl;vm; (xifygw,fbk&m;)? xifvkdh&Sd&if rme? tJ'D0#f
okH;yg;BuD;ukd ]ighOpöm}vdkhrqkdbl;vm; udavomukdvnf;
]ig}vkhd qkwd ,f? vkyw f mvnf; ]ig}yJ? jzpfwm cHpm;wmvnf;
]ig}yJ? 'Dvkdrxifbl;vm; (xifygw,f bk&m;)? tJ'gu
ouúm,'d|?d tJ'gr&Sb d ;l . . u
. oJG mG ;Nyq
D &dk if ouúm,'d|rd &Sb d ;l ?
&dyfrdvm; tJ'D&JUÚmPf 'Dupwm avmukwÅ&mÚmPf tJ'Du
pwm? tJvkdrS wjznf;jznf;eJY.0#fawGu odukefNyDav . . .
28 b'´E£
å aE´mbmo rax&fjrwf (tedpq
ö &mawmf)
atmf . . ].jyKaMumif;}u udavo0#f? jyKaMumif;u bm0#fw;Hk
(udavo0#fyg bk&m;)? ]jyKwm}u bm0#fwkH; (ur®0#fyg
bk&m;)? ]jzpf}wmu bm0#fwkH;(0dygu 0#fygbk&m;)? tJ . .
tJvkd 0#fukdodwm? 0#fBuD;awGu 'umrBuD;wkdhtay:rSm
vSnfUNyD;vnfNyD; rjzpfbl;vm;-jzpfovm; (jzpfygw,fbk&m;)?
vSnfUNyD; vnfNyD;jzpfaew,f? tJvkd odyvm; 0#faumifBuD;
ay:rSm 0#fawGu vnfaew,f? 0#f a umif B uD ; ay:rS m
0#fawGu r&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if tJ'D 0#frS rvGwfbl;vm;
vGwfovm; vm;? tJ'gukd 0drkwÅdvkdh ac:w,f ÚmPfu . . .
ÚmPfu . . . [kwfw,frkdhvm;? awmfMuOD;pdkh . . . /

(om"k . . .? om"k . . .? om"k . . .ygbk&m;)/

K K K

w&m;awmful;,lylaZmfNyD;csdef (14-7-2009)
"r®opömw&m;tvSLawmf
 um,uH 0pDuH raemuH oAÁa'go cyfodrf;aom
tjypfaysmufzkdhqkdwm ]trI} (uH)uvmwm?
]trI} qkdwm ]ynwfpk}u vmwm?
]ynwfpk}qkdwm ]y&rwfpk}u vmwm/
 y&rwfpk ynwfpk vl\trI þokH;ck uGJatmif
owdjyK?
tpdwpf k taygif;pk vltrI wpfcck ?k jzpfMu rodr/I
(y&rwf - tpdwfpk? ynwf - taygif;pk?
uH - vltrI? t0dZÆm - rodrI)
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y&rwf MunfUwm twÅudvrxmEka,m*?
uHudkMunfUwm rZÑ d r y#d y 'g?
uHuo dk mod or®m'd|?d
rZÑd ry#dy'goma&mufavyg edAmÁ efa&mufownf;/
slip aemufqkH;rsufESm (29)
 ykwBf uD;xJ yk&u
G q
f w d v
f rS ;f avQmufovkd [kw d ;dk 'Dw;dk eJh
xGufaygufr&bl;? 'Dvkd]cGJ}rS . . .vGwfajrmufrSm
xGuaf ygufawG rh mS /
 uHtpDt&if rqifjcifvQif vkyfcsifukdifcsif
jzpfownf;/
 uHoH;k yg;tjypf[m ukd,frSm&Sdownf;/
 bk&m;w&m;[lonfrmS y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fjzpfownf;/
 pdwrf Munfvifwm pdwaf &m*g? ]or®m'd|}d r&Sv d yhdk g/
 or®m'd|d tNrJwrf;&Sd jzpf\ t&d,m/

opömÚmPfyiG v
Uf if;um udavo0#fuek &f mukd
vG,fulvsifjrefpGm rsufarSmufjyKEkdifMuygap/
"r®opömw&m;tvSLawmf

slip ausmuyf (30)