TONS MANUA 70 accompany Sixth Edition ADVANCED MECHANICS OF MATERIALS ARTHUR P. BORESI Emeritus Professor In Civil and Architectural Engineering The University of Wyoming and Laramie And Emeritus Professor In Theoretical and Applied Mechanics University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign RICHARD J. SCHMIDT Professor Civil and Architectural Engineering The University of Wyoming To order ‘oF for customer service call |-800-CALL-WILEY (225-5945) Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, ne Excerpts from this work may be reproduced by instructors for distribution on a not-for-profit basis fr testing oF instructional purposes only to students enrolled in courses for which the textbook has been adopted. Any other reproduction or translation ofthis work Beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 ofthe 1976 United States Copyright dct without the permission ofthe copyright owner is unlawfil. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, ne. 608 Thurd Avenue New York, NY (0158-0012 ISBN 0.471.27179.9 United States of America ®) John Wiley & Sons, Inc.$22 alloy STEEL Fig. 1-8 FLY, YiEUD PowT WiELO STREBATH UPPER YIELD PoIeT 280 MPs LOWER VECO Ror 265 MP5 menus oF RESILIENCE 0.7855 MP» WTimATE Teweice STREWGTY| 7/5 Py 47° MPs STRAW AT FRACTURE 0.23 226 PER CENT ELONGATION 23% 26% 1.23) assume: 1. Plane Seenans weRmM. Te THE AKIS OF THE ROD REMAIW PLWWE UNDER APPLICATION oO THE LOAD, 2. SHEAR STRAWE VARY LIWEARLY prom THE Aewarrmwnk AXIS 3B. Heoksls Law mppiias. Eeonsarum EM,20 Ts Se7/A ca) comPaTianiry: bn —+| Bs Bmawe ca) 7 Heone's kaw Ge — Tas T=G8 ©) suis CC) Wr e) Ff THEW Ca)iwre (0) T2 Tan ( prof FROM GEOMETRY OF OBFORMATION: oy od ¢ Vman = TO 5 TF & @) Tel 7; ge Se sua (#) ¢ (e) wro Cc) Tmac* GE ow sumence a 2 o() T= TE rave (dl) _ Fe oT2 729) Assume: 1. Piawe sect) ne TO THE AXIS OF THE GAR REMAN) PLARE WWOBR APPLICGTION OF ThE LeAD. 2. Hoons’s Law Apreas, Eqonnmnsum: Hoods Law: PeoR (a) o =E& © Connery: Geom L2 [ie & (6) Aod~ Ch~K(h-4)) (2) sve (#) rwte (a) t= OF h-X(h-a)] Ce) sua. (2) # Ce) wre Ce): ace al 4 Hele Ae Ze, A) 7 #8 425) "Rees: Age (Eis) = 7069 mm? | sus (e) wre (6+ Fire: Ap = %lloo'-98) =/992 ma | bTy 2/232kN (of) Arran KSSEMBLY: Ty = Cp 169) 2200" sup (co) # (ob) 270 (a) Ope GP = 367.9 MP, “tease = +1743 MPa P= 60.23 MPa g, 'P 797 123200 age = ERPS 2 174.3. mPa ArteR PRESSURE Is APPLIED! ———— Eqeuisniio : PEW) = OT +4G (a) ATaL 4GL Aly 4l,: oer se @) LEAKAGE REQUIREMERT? AGpe260kM (Cc) | I | | | | Conparign rrr: | t | | | |ee Od Figure a chews thy bare eubjcth face P. “gene b ahaet thy free- Piogramd the ttul Aer, Ab, aluminum bor, SHER h some fre body dicgran. Guathe P= R+h a b& By Eg. C42) and Figs, aah, &As A Ea, Ay = bs. Bla fb fb $a Es hs oe & Figure a 4 By Epo. (a) and b), P= Fa EsAgla Le: PBA ) oe BAL Aals Eghals athe 2, ux Alomnum, a2 PEAsLe fo hae ficd ey EjAgla+Eqhale Herce, by ERLL-D, a? the Bier air thy dtecl bar xs ar a oan &- Pl EsMsba As” As VEAL FE Aals Figure b Semen, by £94. @) and), p, = Bballels _ (P-R\(Eatls) 6, A, baw EsAs la “p= PEaflels Eg AclgtEahals Hone, Alby nse 40 Athy aluminum bar 44 = (Estab Aals Ga. = CE Ce fglen + Ball: i.) Cont.)Ae ert A Whey the pt wall <4 Daptaceh Ty Ae night Ay om amnunt § Hee pocdk A te desplecd To Hy right ty an amecut Sh CFig-¢)- By Ey (2) av8d Fig-c, aA bef @ eae ~ & Steel Alumines ~ FL r a ~g=-Fts a By Se @ and), Figore ¢ : rls . p(be nbs 5:5 +i = FG Ee) = S Eade Bhs E,AsLatbxfals Howee, hy ERG), Mie aticee ain tty shel ber ai Tet 2 Sea hebs SAS EAglat Calls ; and th, abiees sin thy alamunum bor 40 = Fa SEE GMsLaz @) Condiley the pree- toby kiagrem of 0 Cable (Fig. 4). Oy sgrilchriumr, = a =T-W=0 W= AL pg, B= deesknatin opeity A=TDY# @ Thao, oe ToAlp2 = @ W=Alpg so tbe mara dace oi the cable 14 Shay ALP B® For Xbe ate} calle, by Fe), Tag = jg MH = 13 Ure = L(1929(2-81) Figure @ or La isastm &) Simbel for the thamanum cable Grin = 5. = 52? Mme = (2770)(4-81) ~ La2e7em @) Condegretally, Ay abemirniim Cable on be fon - « chia. gusta faye For a cohle of Length L autpeclidite a lad Pat ers a ceptor Fe [eee &F--3)] f= ge ©) Cont)Now consihen Ahe eLongatim ofan hevgith dx cud from Ahy cable ( pr en eedd of Aength dk, Whe shengulion dé ix, Lan ’ df= Fde= Lb (Mel — | vie fat tecmecractalern dT AXP 48 hy reds ioe at diatinee x from thy lower nk. rame'b Dudeqratirn of EFL) x= 0 Hx=b az Met oye @) where We Alay a th wotight of tly cable « Eqedtie@) aud C2) show Aluct te Lon pairs of Aorceble dn er ihe weight ia aperal He Abe elongation dane tem bok egal ts katy i wright apebiedat Ake anh. Fir o- ate) cable with = 14%, L= 1325. 7m, and Ey @ yo : A= £(1825-1) (7920)(1-8D/1938109) = 0.354 m Fin am aluminum cableesith T= Li, L= 2097-6 m, endl Aa Elar9zey (arMt-8 72x!) = 0.830 m (0) By Eg. (8, thy Lenrion at by, Aap of the cable CFig.0) hun to he weight 4 AL PZ Tee Fendion tthe tap of the cable dus to 0 load P yb at Cont)L27 cont] 4 Po So, Ay Tiled tonaion 24 PrAalpy Thuupre, rhe mepinuum ieee air tHe cable iv Trax = ACP HALA) = Ea lpg (4) Fn Tey apelde For « steel cable: P= Sbb8 AW Fn am Aluminum tall: [= 383-6 AN The ateef cake con Lever a cage [476 Limes = eh, L=1000m and D=0.07S m, HW) (izg J by &e.(h4), with J=Tdhs2 wh p=d/2, we often at T= 30mPa, somra = er (@ and by ER (LS), with W/L = 0.005 rad/m, 2-005 ram = 327, (b) mom dzoissgy m. for dé OISSE mM, E¢-0) yall angle of Maral otoura “Safe thy anaycimunn thear, dace .1.24 ka 6, Fig. 4, thy ana A of the crose asclion of th haem 24 A= (6.8)(200 +300) = 9250 mm? AF = (b.5)(260C 150) +06-8)(20d (303.25) = 686725 n> on Fa Qsh3 mm @ f= 200 mm —a} (b) By Fig. b, the Aupport readline tt A aud B are dilirmined) by the om | pelo % z ~_ ZF, = a+8-21-li4@) =0 1) 300mm G Emy=sB een HOON S=o y 7 Th wth spre 2 [ _ A=43kN, B= 8&N ©) Figure a With Fg.) and Ege), Ah, heer anh - diagrams cmay he drawn (Fg-c). 1OAN/ma Moment Diagram Figure ¢130. By Fig-a, Hhy moment % Ah, cred asétiono$ arta abet y , with rrapect ty thy & apea x4 95.2, G: fol = sise-y)(s0.20) aN3 $.G00x6-5)(91-95) f}-——2#0 mm — (gs 3-25 (1867.1-y7) + 1195.35 mm] (a) By the hear diagram of th, heen (Fig. 6), the mapemun 7 ahear oteure at asecling A ov 4a Vaaa an. J 2M3mm The arse moment of imerben of 7) fesmn | he erred tection of th, T- Ham Ae Ly = 32-74¢x10' mnt, bp Abert the Bariggrtal) coithibal Figure a Ayia &, By Epa (Daud), the ean ais, thy web ae v AN 22 nm esmm |] i BkN ~2i Figure b Fe MA _ Gayl 288627474 195971 ae] gy “Th (32-949410") (6-5) (cont)6, yO, T= 14-T0b MPA for © 112-277 MPa for Y=88-7 mm (3) Boker thy Arriganite) civil eve 2 (Fi-0), a =G-9)(AU3-¥)(2U tM) = 3.25(2u-3 y*) @) Fou of 24, Ep C)yiclly Qa INS 105 mm? and thuefae, TH YR < ALUS 108) 906 mi Ib (ga.9091B9C6.5) ith tifa ad gover prencouely Leg Cel]. Far ¥=2ll3, @20 aud T=. Hence, tle mayen shear dbides de Tag = 14.106 MPR af aecllnn f On the coutraridel apis ®. The mctimunr hear Aieas 44 nin =O od thy boom of thy web “aT 23 mt id sq 6S mm Figure c RASSTe Abiear - abiein Cure 44. -1heum 44 Fig.a. By Fig a, Ae Uhimak strength ai oi, 2 665 MPa Avier cock Atetanguler boy wider the dhirsr.-abrace Came Atpredenti (100)(0.06)= 5 uym/m? of enrpy anh We sitimele thet shee are apposcem Aly 29.5 hopes umber thy stress - bien curne, wt foid 700 600 8 8 & 8 Stress (MPa) 8 8 8 8 3 8 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Strain 0.20 0.25 Figure a that the moducbas- of Torghente 44, Up = (5)(24-5) = 147.5 MN-m/n, By mimernital iutigne lion, Lp yd Mant?[ise] Cvhinding tar ataight bine preted of ty dzst.- Sain curne CFiy. 6), we see thie th, ante Line “ne AL & = 420 = 200 cra. 00n Alto, be Fig.a, Tys = 345 Mea and Op, = 315 MPa. 500 on —t_| bs ge 345HM, Tests = 300 ¢ = : é ® 200 100 001 | of 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 ‘Strain Figure a The arse under thy dtrres.- race curre to the ld Miinagth 2. Opprepcmmallly (axe Fig: 4) Area = 4 (315)(0.0014) +1815)( 0-004~o.o14)+-£-(395~315)(0.004-0- 0011) or, Modvlus of Resilience = 1-104 MM-m/m?A= %y = 1020/4 = 314.1, mm™ The atiiat of a ork P= 75.4 AN 48 T= £. 240 MPA ae €= alenplen = oe = 0.0033 (b) Fr ingh ( By Ege. (6) auch (b), 7h aba sai B= $ = 14.73 GPa Ls rakial tran sin thy hor at a hevhof 75.4 4N AA E, = {25-200 = — 0.0011 (0) 20 By Ege. (b) and), thy Posed Addin 42 ps- Ets 0.33 4g te P= 1s. 4 AN, dapat ts gee IS . zyouPe134 A, = 1 DYy = TW) /4= 78.54 mm™ (4) 4 56%, Ah, arta af frrckine 12, wth Fp @), Ap = O49) Ay = 9S. 34 om” @ Lherefirg, the Trice Prachi, alien 0.) with P= 43.2 4N af freckine Core Table P1.31), = 432 to 5534 The engrneering fracting artes 2 = #32 = 550 Mpa oe 73.54 Th, ratio e/a =(E52) (1002) = 45%,. This rrtukt wos ty be ey pocked, dence thy area, at frackin a 45 7% ofthe origoivel ante = 1220 MPa[27 J With oy, = 50 MPA, Ty =~-30MPa, 3, = 20 MPa, Try = S MPa, Ope = -30 MPA, Tp, = 0, and Lemen=i/f-, Eg. G10) grelhe yeh Gin tGy +9 Ope =53( 50+ 5-H) = 14-434 MPa Tay? AOiy HIM + Ezy = fy( 5-30 +0) = —MHsy MPA Thar Mae t by vey = gl 3oe O4m) = — 77H OES ARen, by FB", Sou =A Gay EMG yt Meet Lan yet ZAM Gy +2tngy, = y [40-304 20 + 2(0) +.2(-30) 42 (s)] = 3-333 MPa. Chorfre, de Ep.(@-12), = Vehes ts Opn = Ioucwanee A+ EST) Caan) on Ops = 410.950 MPA 22 | By Figure P22, Ahe aeotion cut of ff by foarte AA > m=O () 1A +@)m -30n =0 @) Where R*+m+mn*a | @) The artition of Ep4.(b),©),anhle) 21 &=t 3/2, m=0,n=tif2 Note tah Ege G) aatcipy Ep QA : p24 Tia Ba. Eg.0.19) and) they gamer thee Componente, thy ® (-100-7) 0 -80 ° (20-7) 0 =O ~80 o (2-5) (20-0)a-60)(o-+ 140) =O Wee, go = Goupa, of =20 MPa, Ban wonea (a) (Cont)At Con 2. tot (b) By &p4(2.22) and (a), 4 %he = (GES HG-G)+ GG) = 67200 of Voot = 86-41 MPa. (b) () By Ep. .3% ud @), Tmax = £(G-G)= 10omPa &) By Ee. (L) and), Tmax = Ib Cock (3) By Mohr's circle an thy x-z flame (Fig. 4), Hoe aieaqpeinum, Chae thal oteurd om plans. for which 20,= 90° Lroints P and P'); theta, (OSB), alte te prinegred chee Aited, ak planee prprindicubes As thee plone (Fig. 6). xz, Figure a.[2S Ty a wah peck athe Ainectizn ofthe rector Trapt h Mow Rirecteon coeemee Dede "He (@ Nowe, Epa. @.) ave (2.10) arch thy yeyors rest compe rth, tite veka ex dh, plow normed lo themed, P28 RB dss componente To = AG +m Tey + Ora = fel gor dao) + 40 =a Oy = Meg Sy 100 yy = 20 +2(60)+10 J =i tb) Tor = 1 Tez +Ge +e = ZL 40 +2C 0) +201 aa By Eptbdank @.9), al, dtrta. meter +t (Gp = 65.27 + 61.24 F 452.668 (b) With shy guntne atrceee Combonoita anc bs. -2), the ANieas Anorarianle gr7. T, = 904604202160 T,25500,ITz=0 ©) By b0.(6) and @.20), T*- e074 55007 +0 =O T(0*~1bor + § 500) = 0 6) Tk novte of. Ef (d) ane G, = IlOMPa, GZ = SOMPA, G5 =0 (The rmrorimum Rear dren 2 Cay =EG-G) = 55 MPO (cont)[2.5 cont] A) octohednel shear titer 2 quien by Vote = EL G-E) GGT Hl] = Bae Coot = 4497 MPa A Cine rf cy w) 2 0 8 By Epa) and & 21), thy dtreae cavanoele oT ane T, = 4rerea le adielele t= 77 w& Tlf eq- lt be leo uh 45° netalion of dove (X,y) do ahewn ain Fig. 4 The dineclion coarne are y Y x Junie ain THM & . Thon, 4s?| Aap Efs-(@) and Q.15), with Th a, oP sy zZ yx“ (Fe) CES) &) + Cons) Figure a. +aCyg) (ONO) + 2 (0)(F5)(2) Tablea fiero] YZ Fale lRM) = 6 mPa x Vz |i/z| o Farahenly Y |ea fz) 0 Tyy =4MPA, OZ, = 8 MPA zo]? lt cont2B cont] py iu Ay EF-@ kB. 17), wih Teh a, Tey = 1 MOA, Gey = FE MPA, Ty =~ VE Mpa. (0) By Epa (aa) and athe hare Componecti polactine t5 ota (X,Y, 2), deTermuntd ai feast b, T= %Kxt+%yyt+G,=beuegqrig Ti= 77 mPa, Ts=lbo These vinnrartonks are the damt ot Hhyce Atlitine As anec (x, ,2), Efeb). = a1 . Fei body A, Te =G, Try [ee = luy = One =Tyg =O Thtofos for boy A, hy EF G2), 9 Wee = aG* wo Fre body A! ep = IE Oy () Fee broly B, Try = Un» Vixtthy = Ga = Tne = Gye =. hen, bag Ep (223), F Tee = 6 To” ret holy Gee, & 5 piling bys @ and b), we Pain G 2/8 %, ie@) Since Tex = Gy = Og, = 0 aul Ty = Oza = ya % by Eps 8-20, thy ehwee - T,= 0, T,=-3%,, dr, sae, (a) By Eye @) awh @.20), thy prrnegoel ane thy ror. of- alibanee 3 2, 3 oi 3to-- 32%? a0 or Terefre , © -2@)@ re) = 0 T=2h, G-G=-T (b) dince GG =— 2, (douth rool), any te dicular, ayes Atret ar0 also tte % He prvineyeal) apts, sedeccaled) with Cte. Dre hid prainezpal areca has rire Coturice (0,2, m1) where Lace £F.Q.19)] —AGLl+Mm+tBn=o TL -2%m +n =O Yoh + Tm -2%n =O Ate ments |yt 1 Cece = G-G) + (G-GYHG-GY where TF andts are Rneurn. We debirmne Te Auch had Tyee attains at eytiome aralul, We must ane ae (9 Beit) = 0 ACG ~a5) + 2G, -G)=0 ence Or = 2G +93) L210] ay with op, =~ 40MPR, Try = 50MPA, and Gy, = 6 MPA, © gs.(2.ai) ye) = -40, Tz =-4536 Tag @ Then, by Ey 2.40), g-*+UOT® uS3b0 =o The nove Cfrorcrteh Cit) ae 07 = 60.257 WPA, T= 0, G =-70.257 Whe oS ®) By Ege.) and (2.34), mag = £(G-G) = 70.257 MPa ©) By Ege. (@) and Q-2a), Tock = ATP -6E, = 30 46 yet = S134 MPa Peet) |2.10 cont. @) with oR, Ty Txy given. aud T= 9; = 0.257 MPa, Ege Gls) part) —140-2872£+ bm =O tL~vasim=0 — 50.25°1n = A*+ rent at Th, aelicteen af Eye (C) a4 > @ A=0-:0427, m= 0/998, n=O Denes, Ay ange better ayer x and X 44 puin by f= Cot = 0.0427 O=3755° l2u | By 4.0.6), th, bite veld. Ia, Gy Ge are, aie Herme va Tax Ty) Ba, Try, Tea, yay Ge = GT + Gy? + Gah Ty? by + Gy h fe Tat taf roeh By the aealen Aenduch of veilne an Epa ee Ge = Gee = Tag + Gig t Tra oy. fy Ty = one Cont: Paty |Aabuing Ege. (b), wt Marin Ge t.Gy 4G = GG ret Me tLy +e = Gxt Gy HBS + G+ 2G taGe ate GGG = Tp 2, peal with, ‘he “che gene pit Han pore P4-124), T=), Ty=4G T3s-708 @) Thuvefrrr, _ oT al0 + 4OT + 70S =D a) pe oe) of Eg @) ane = 15.467, Op = 10-063, Gy =~ 4.930 rmpay Ce) ret rcfeal dinecling (8, m,n) aadecietcl G, wed ts m,n) wath 0-46 TA -3m=0 —3h- 12.467 en =O m= Fue N =D & emen® =) Tike arkikion of. ps O) 2 f= 70.9974, mst 0.1537, N= 40.0281 (cort.)ond mag be Stele frvrezped aryed astrcex tel with ie Ee. %, Sn shan Abner 4 Tray = EGG) = 100 MPa Aho, by EHe.()and G22), we Hare Gee = (GE) HG -G)HG-G)= 4204 ee Tee = BUS MPO. Liz bl By AaB. P2.12b, yy = 10 MPA, y= —S MPa, Gy=~ SMB. Tia . Gh Fn cee oft plane Tits aebatena Wr th xy lone Ly = Oy 4G =5, Tye Ox Gy~ Gy =-19, T,20 Meer, gi rere 0250-71500 oe o-(*- §0=75)=0 So, Op = MSM, Og = 0, Gy =-4-SI¢ @) By Ae theny of plane tao lep-la )], the melon of th prof anita ia gery Sey = 287 2-12 Hin 2b = ah, 4Z or 20 =146.3/° Henn, O= 73.15% 64+90% = 163.15° Lo, he posineyial Oper are Locate at B= 7311S? and B= 163.15? measured Corrib Loohumin prom thy X apin. (ont)a * By Eps. @ aul 2-34), Tout = (G-G) = fe (U-S1+6-S1 = T0N4 M, Auk by Ege. (@) av (Q.22), F Gee AG~GY EG -G) +(G-G) = 500.01 “ Tree = 7454 MPA & Tmax = F014 MPA peel For abrece. T= 10, Tyy=- 5 Gaz lO, Try =%, Ge=3, end Oye =, the atin cnaerands. 012 Lx-§ Ge 24, T=713 ¢ tf 2 745071277 - 113 =0 g, = 11537, & =-S.705, Tz =-10.832 [MPa] (a) Fn the psi Ai, ther ant darechin coaner Lm M are thy ft: . Ppecalliins followeg ~2.537h+ 2M +3N =D gh —lb-ssimtan = 0 32 + ym —hssin =b fr ¢ mre n® 2) once, . f=toise, m=40.250, W=0.756 When, bey Eps (@) anh G24) Ano =EGHoq) = NII MPO Le (ont)2.12 ¢ cont. By Efe (0) anQ(Z.22), 4 beet = O-G) 6-6) (5-65) gy ov Voet = 9.57 MPA j2l2d] with 5, =10, Gyy=Ga=-S Giy=Gia=4 and Cyn =0, tbe chime ariarnrcente are tt, = 0, Ty - #3, Ly =490 Mba, rts Tat - Lys 7 836-290 =0 (Ls norte (perineal siesase) ae Oy = 10-S18b, Tz = ~ $1000, Gan SSE WIA Fr frrmcipeel bites. Ty, wt Reve ~0Sisth + am ¢2n=o Al ~I5.5istm =0 ak =18:51stn=D fir mr tmr =) Het, 120.9836, m=0.1268, N= 0/265 By Eye .@) and @-39), nag = EG-G) = 8.0K MPA Ande hg E fo (@) and (2.22); I Go OY AGG) GG) = 418.0 ” Toe = 7439 Mea [____Aha alten vinyauanl, ae [= lo, T,=0; =o lence, p> +L -T,2-0 wr so o *l0-10) =0 Ao, Hs frsincgenl haben. toe I, =10, G=G=0 @) Pauofare, ts forurcspad direcliing tun Thy ¥ apeee nk ang, tive malic popeadicaler. apes hab Ot forpenrecnfa Te thy X ace By Efe.@) avd G39), Tomax = £IG-G) = F MPR tru hy Epo.) and @-23), 9 Uae =G-E/+G-G)EG-G) =2672 200 ot oo Tock = 471 MPA3 > O7-1,0%# Tg 0-Tg20 5 T= Oy + Gy + Ga =O 2) Ty {| Sex ee (Gy 0 -I5) [0-55] 0 65, 1% || x | yy 3 =| 1 7 ° ls 6 Sex Gz! (Oye Tez] 75 0 ‘hss ol les of” ue, 415 Ore Gy Gra) | 0-75-55 T5=/y tal =| 0 65] = 536,250 Tre Ga G2) I-55 65 0 03. 12,875 - 536,250 =0 O, = 130.34 MP. 3 G =~ 76.7/ MPa , azz ‘3.63 Mfa wn Tlearrttag, —— Zax = OS min {30.3¢-£76.7) . 103.53 MPa Bubtitat 0-0, 2190.39 Pa into Eps, (219) ~190.392, - 18 m, - 550,20 - 154, ~ 13039", +OSm=0 O=0.5189; m+ a 55h 4 65m, ~ 19039072 ne Btem? en? al dublaj 7 «Oy =-%67/ MPa M070 9s, (218) 16.11- 15mg ~ 5M3=0 = 15 Py + Me2Im3 + 6M =O — S5f, + OF M34 76.71n,70 ee as +™ms +n e| Secbilatate T+ Tg = 2-63 MPa m0 & ys, (2.19) 53,6) 2, - 18m — 55 7,>O — 15 Bp + 53,63mz +65 =2 0 p ~ 55R, + 65M, + S26IMEO Je 2 22 be rmenze! 5893 > M3= f, = O5893 5 35 CLIIS 0.5637 jms 186? jnge2.b0¥6 214 The divection Cosines are listed) in lable 2.2. Substitution ito E45, (RIS) and (RAT) gives . Ouy = Tex 605° + Gyy sin 29 + 2 ry 5e cose @ — ly, sine COse Gpy + Sin Sin + Gyy Gez = Ce Try = Cue Tyy) 5 © C050 + Tyy (0089-5 %) Oye =O ye =2 These equations are tden tice! with Eps, (230).2.15 I, = Gre + yy + Tep= 110 - 86455 = 79 alee Gollan aE ell ee-wllo ast ly gf 4% See Ory a Gy G oy Y Ta we Ge 69-1907 jl, 1907 + 718, 30020 =102.9 MPa 3 Tp = S5.0MPa 10 600 60 -86 0 9 0 SS Tye =~ 718,300 Gs 126.9 MPa; C5 Substitate O20, =126.9Mfa into 91, (RIG) (10-126.9)8, ¢60n, +a) 20 + (be! fo)n, 20 Ce em tages ) 2° OMEE; araele; 4-8 re Substitute Te Oye-l029H% into Eys, aig) (04+ 1024) 0,+60Mmy +(e) m3-9 60k, + (case 100smylMy=? fh, 0.2712 jm (4s © (alm, +(e ow 10,20 \°? 4 Mee mes nS =I Substitute 020, > S50 wi vite Eps. (ald) (0-5) by + 60m, + lo) m= C86 -55) Ma » 0) Pa pe oo, wd + om, (55-50) roe gh emg engl 2.16 Oi a Gy, (2% HO-86 ABST : Cie + Gy = HOM (HOt) co" = = le 41.9 = 126, 1 w= wet 9 ve 102.9 MPa en G2 Tia = SSOMPa Sine 5 Train 1209-(02d . 114.9 04 Fa Tmax = ti “also ” 3 @= 0.2797 tan 20° Gintyy * Tart 0.6122 5 Fe De Coa = O.8625 5 m2 605 (F-G)= tho 20.8712 5°Let7! Fy, (2. (1) 705, with Te ibaa BO es Ox =(Z) a0 +¢ Hf Fs. (QI) give Gig =F (30) + (Jiao) = 2.990% Gy = Ztvs) ad) Cu)= IRI Ga = 0 E49, (Qld) gives : 2 2 Gey Mig Gey + Ge ~ Oey = VST IY 259.67 230.5 = 63,90 MPa mie, a= 10) + 2( ENCE) 0) = 30.36 MPa ° 2.1 200510 eae 2003100 ff200= 100). -50)* =150+70.7 = £207 Nha a= G = 150-70.7= 12.3 MPa G +2, ining = Troe Sint = 2209-0 = 0. Mea tan 26,= oe Be 1.0000 6, = 20.3927 rad Y-axis located 0,927 rad clockwise fram x-axis Pel 20250, [ena got ‘ e” ¢ ze y+ 60° = -20492.2 = 72.2 Mm O,=-20-92.2 = 22.2 MPa Tmax ~ Tn Tma = S Cnn, 12.2422. 90 2 he tan 26, fe: 2th .- F = 05 * 90-50" 0.857) 6, = 22.3543 rad X-axis locared 0.3543 rad clock wise trom x-axis12.20 | G, = 42 + fe) 30° = 40+50 290 Mia Ge = 40-50 = =10 MPa Oz = 60 MPa Lax * Sony = Trt eS 50-4) - TM Pa. = 20 . 260 - one tan 26, = S04 - 202; ars a= 0.3216 rad located 0.3216 rad Counter clockwiie from x-axis Xeavis 22th 50 +70 150 = 70)*, 7 j= S070 /(: a5 2) + EW)” = 0 +60.2 = 170.2 MPa Oa = 0-602 19,8 MPa Ge 80 Fa Tina = eesti l1o2-(80)- 125) MPa 26, = 20. 0. . fan 20, TO, 160-70 Lies 0.922) rad eo feayis located 0.422) rad clockwise from x-arls 222 Gog 2200 cos asus) + 100 sin asco) + 2 (50) Cos (.0.5009) sin (-0.5000) 2 219) MPa Gy =- (200-100) cos os000) sin -0,s000)- so [cos ‘easooe)~si0 *osooal] 2.23 2 : Ogy =-90 C05 (0.1500)+ 50 510 %,1500) + 2(60) cos (0.1500f 510 (0.1500) 69) Fa ~ (90-50) ¢05 (0.1500) stn 0.1800) +60 [C08 Yaised)-s1n “awoo)2 Fx = 80 c0s*(-10000) + 2(30) C05 (-10000) sin(-L0000) = 237 Nha Gy =~ 80 05 (49000) 51 (1.0000) + 30 [03 “C10000) - sn %10000)] = 23.9 (Pa 2 P gy = 150 608 (A100) + 70 sin (0,7000) + 2-49) cas (0.7000) s1n (0.7000) 272.5 MPa Gy =-[150-10)¢05 (a7000) sin(o.1200) - 45 [cos Tarooe) - sin “(0,7000) ] 47) Me 2.26 oC G: = x fee = 2epelee 190 MPa (GazSx) 7 oe : 229519) ess? = 70.7 MPa From Prob lem2ig, 26, + 0.7854 2c = 26-20, > 2(0,5000)-0.7854 = 0.2146 yy 7 OC + R COS Ok = 10+ 70.7 €95(0.2 1¥6)| = 21h MPa Tey = R tin 2x = 70.7 $10 (0,214) =15.1 AR Oc = Se « 10050. 20 Mf 2 ¢ = (Eaas - [Baa = 92,2 MPa From Problemesq, 28> 0.7086 2d = 20, +20 = 0.70864 20/500) = 1.0086 C-R Cos ex = -20- 92.2 C05 (1.0086) 2641 (Pe Ony = 51h 2 = 92.2 sin (10086)= 78.0 reba Oey2.28 = 50/4 Pa From Problem2.20,25 = 06432 Pot = 11-20, -20 = 3, 1416 ~0.6 432 -2,0000 Gy, = 0.9984 = j 7gn8 1C~ Res 2a= 40-50 05 (0.4984) | P 223.9 MPa Ox Oxy = R sin 2X = 50 sip (0.9934) 2239 Mia Sey [2.29] Gig O¢ = Behe. OPI = 110 MPa ela Mae 260.2 Mfa From Problem 22128 #8442 2x=M-26,-26 = 39,1416 0.84 42-1 4000} UA = 0.8479 Thy = OCR COS Bu = HO ~60.2 cos(48979 Gr) = 72.5 MPa Gry = -R sin 2a= -Ga.2 sin (OSI7Y) Yn ofa Tey Due +0 free surface, Gzy=0. Since 815 positive and Gyy=0, £45. (430) give z Ory = Ore 605 “9 = 100 cose =l00 $10 CE Opy=- (Gx) 919 8 005 84:31] Since @ 5 positive, &9(230) give Oy = rx 605 *8 + Oy sin *g y Ogy =-(Oee-Gy) si 0 0056 9 120 Oey Fe + Gy Be 43 70 =~(Gix -Gy) ¢ 2 (Fiy2 120 MPa Wey + le Gy = 3000 1eGyy ~ 16 Oy =-2335.53 Sex* LING “ue 25 Uux = 666.67 Oa = 26.7 Oyy = 112.5 2:32] Since @=60°, Eqs. (2.30) give Oyy = Oey COS 34G, $n 76 + 20x $n 8 C050 Ty =-(Gex~ yy) 6 cose + Gyy (C05 *6 - sth “0) 4 x 100.25) + 0.75 Ty? 0.866 0xy 40- Dyy)0.133 ~ 0,500 Oxy 0.866 04 ametyy ~ I 1320yy = bLb6 Gy 356 fla 2 62 Ate 4 Giz? 120 MPa Ong ay Since sin 9= “Band £05 8 Te 1 493. (8d0) 9100 ky = Tux (0570 4 Gy sin 204 ey $08 we Oey li Gyre 658 + Ory (083 - 51> *s) 902 Oxy HE 4 10755 zai #) -60 = (lin - 40) jig) + By © 1,200 Oyy - Oy = - 121.00 0.509xx +0yy = ~ 65.04 1.704 Dix =~ 186.08 Gey = 2104.2 (Pa Gey = ~ 10.0 MPa2 e0ren , f08-30)", 50° = TP + 50" 2-204 993= Z43 MB ~ Ginay~Oniy . WStULE — 43 Pe ~ 2 Tmay = may [GG GEG 6H ' wale 2 ye tix Gy) + Ged + Gy * 7 = 5100-60) +100) 60+ Cer = 5 2706 MPa 235) Jax + Oy Ty - Dy 2 _ 180+90, [190-4 Fase, 1. Gi = [xs Foe) +y 18020, [80-0750 = 195+67.3 = 2023 MPa p= 35-623 = 627 MPa Gao Tmax = = £22. 01.2 he z Zoct = $V ln ~ Uyy) * Tax + Ory + 60a = 841 MPa 236) GG, me a an Oy = rh, (Geshe) ay = 0-72, f0220)" C9" = -9472.) = 0% 2-0 - 72.1 = 182.1 Me 2a = to fe 5 Smin _ Yo +182. a Goer Snin - AOCUBEN 2 If MPa Caer = toe aie eh aafeat Lifeson) asso = 92.0 MPa [ea or, «| 7 O= Si Sins (is Fen 6.5 = BOSLE, (BO) ¥5%2 22.5 +740 15 Ae Oates- 73.0 = 505. whe 0, = Ty, = =S0.0 i Tinay = 28 -Omb _ 955 +50. 2 z TBO Mle Tout 88.340 Po Tz =-4.4-80 MPa BS Tmax ~Orm Tney 2 28 T, = Orx +O yy + gq —150 +80 =~ 70 T, (2 al 1 x ole Tax ah Wy el 8 ol -1S0 50 [3 0 ° “ley Gyy!Vie ee lod wo ol so ell o vol =~ /by 100 is iy Cre isa -¥0 SO T5=|%y tf | oo [= 128,290 Wey Cy2 Gee} | 50 0 80 7+ 700% 16, 1000~ 128,000 G2 we Pe Os 83106 Oye ae = Tinex Tin — § Smay a oe 30.3 Mla[2-44 5-19, Gy? 30, Gy = IS, S, Sie = Ge = 27 Tax By Fig. 2.12, @ 2 - = lWt2S=35, T= id-25 = -18. tan 20, = 2St 2-075 Tx Gy Ad, = 2.49804, — 0.64350 = 143.(3%, ~ 56.87" and G35), 8, = 750°, -18.43° feo ad is Kaz] 4-7gl—" OC = Eth. 10 yz. a) z By © 2.30), R= ey? gt = 25. By Ase, By EF-G. 34, (8) Ging, R 25 y #00, Cay = - 80, Tare =Gpe = Ga = O 2.45) In MPa, Ty, = 240, , =O. @ By &-@20, T= 340, T,=17b00, T; G &G-@20), FF 34uor*+ 176007 = O ve 20, C= 340F +1600 —> Gg = 170 106-30 “ G2 23% G = 63.70, Jz =0 Bg EGe-@37), with Ogg =O) = 4100 4 1/Zaoa * 2 1704106, 50 276,30 T= u0410 + | Agee gy 170+ (06. 50 Oa = [7d — 106.30 = 43.70 % =O Cb) By Figraild nk F%(A.34), OC = BM = /70, R=106.30 oT) = OCHR = 2%,30, T= OC-R= 63-10, Fig. & cor.)2.4.5 continued] B Ep G26), Ton a9, = 2% J a ze ip = 11938 "28,5 =: . ° ° 12637 APL = 2.2876, 08520 rd = 13/,/9° — 28.57 ns (Fig. b) they y Secs o7e3 |_| T,” (b) 6, = 65.57°, —24.38° C) By Fig. 4, Gry). g.= 2 106.30 3 » Crr)y By ep GA, FB = (GRIT HG-G) =Q#2437) + UIT E30 125596.2 * Toce = 18.13 fe He | With xan, ¥=O Baz, wihene dal, B=", Y= Tham, Hig fret of Ef ue) gible felt) + (Ge) + Bel Ge) — Gade +r =0 a & =d 1 ihe + Gor BE +SelGar) er 2Be Gy + Or Bie +L Mir + Mic + @ r= fee +Br = wheeh a thie pout of Efe G50). Homilan abate spsth tly decondd and) Wear eg walkie om Efe 50). onWAR x=¥, Z=8, B=, wt gef Lal Bar b= rane. Then, Aly fort of ER Gul) peel Plrendon] +H [eager] +35(1 Gr) — C0) a $F TN Gy 2. (reac 8) + Ven 2) By =0 ai faint) pe + eon) 2 + roo gy + Ment) Ge + BPE = (asin Nag — 10) Gig + Meni By = 2 Hence, ns +p ye + tae ofr + 4 (20, - Ge - Gy +05, @ot8) + By =O Wiach Aa ihe pout of Efe f-53 Aenubucaubdibilina pith thy arcend auk Ud f Efe 53). [2.48] With x= vj y=, @=B,azl, 42h, Y=, and ya Tra =Opy = M02 =0, Ap fret of Epa te.) yclly 20 Grr) 4 dG r ” rt SR - eae tO = 0 Sir +r Kee + 2Be Gee rG- =? & Gi = fe + 4 Die 1 ine + By d wAuch 44. th, first Ca Eps. @-54)- Levilely, thy ascond of Eps len) yith Hh, dred epee sd) Be the rf Efe. Gt) prety 5,30. on[2.49] By Abe firet ef Eps. G05), Me gids, ata lw By the pirat oA Eqs. B66), SE nasser deme Ben Cb) By Eps-@ and), wt here Ld <(ylejmsigen By Ef. (267), ag = 1+; @ Hence, dy Epo. €) andl), wt obtain (re \tP=Cr Ble Sm gen @) Epuitiny(e) 43 ithy pirat of cps.Q@-06). dna Aenilen, manner; hy arcond coved shail of Epe.Q.68) omay be derined.[2.53} Before deformation, volume = Lbh=(s00a(ioa)(et), After deformation, let width dimension be increased b4 & The depth dimension becomes (ht 25). The final volume = (5020\(sers{eandh Setting the rw volumes equal gives 5020 (100 + §)(e00+ 25) = 5909 (190200) $7 4 2.00 § + 39, 8406 =O $27 O1FTY mm The displacements take the form uy 2 29.001994 % ay = 192001994 4 2.009800 # we @) For small dis placements ue : xx = x = 0.001994 5 Exy Say = Bye Ban 22 bh For large displacements 2 c= 2, 1 (Qe. 0.00400 on * Ge (SE) = 9.901008 The direction cosines of X-axis are yy B= cos O; m, = cas(F-O)= 50 8; n,=058 +0 Equation (bl) gives x 2 Ey = Exx 4 + Eyy me + 2bxy 4m, =l yx €05°O + by sin? + 2Exy 6058 5108 2 ftby , Sxrb cos 26 + bry 510 26 The direction cosines of Y-axis are L, = 605 (& ve) = Equatiin (221 ) gives 1 SIN Oj mg = COS O53 M2605 F=0 9; Ma 3% 2 Bay Eve ble + Gy mime + Eng (Ome +m) = bez 5100005 8 + Egy S118 C058 + Cry (C05°R - sa) (£5%) 51) 26 + Exy (0s 28 For principal direction Ey =O; Phere tore eyFor X-anss, £508; m= 06; 120 For Ynaxss, 23-065 M2: 083 M270 @) “= 9.0085 % Vv =~0,0010 ¥ ©) 6 2 $e 0.0085 5 Gyy= SE e~ ee alee 7 522.0085 5 Ey = 220105 yi 2) <0 Egy = Ohne tm yy 12 Ory OM =0,0025(08)% Coone)(04)* 0.00124 yy = tux + yy Exe 50,0025 -0.0010 -0, ool = 0.00026 Syy= 2 ey 2 OLE bac #2 Ey | = 2 [lo.cves|(o.s)Co-) Co.mio)osad | | 0.00736 [5a] For X-axis, L20.866} m= 0.500; 120 For Y~ayis, 427-450; rmp=0-3665 M00 % = 29.0020 x-9.007049 ae dk By “Fy Gy 5g b)epr= B ban Sy + Loy Om, 2 iz 9.0020 (0.866) + 0,0065 (0, 5#e) + (-0,0020)(0.846)(2, 500) 00l7y 0,0020 bax + yy ~ Gen # = 0,0020 0.0085 40,0017F = 0.00824 Sey = Obey = PAG Fee + emmy Sy hme em )bry 2 = (.0.0020fo,5e6)(-0.508 + aloane sNasonte sisi 2- aad fetes) loske = 0, 00270 éxy2.57 fan 29228 2 210) so. yuyy b= by 0.9020-0002 e+ 0.2041 rad 6 = ux = bax (0870 + Gy F088 + Py sine 0050 é -0,0020(0. 9792)° + 2.0085 (0.20%) +2(-0.0010)(0. 207 (0.97 8€) 022s Eg * ax ty ~ 6 779.0020 40,0025 #0.0018S = 9.00271 @) u = 0.000667 *Y V = 0.001333 *Y Ar point B fu) ggafal= 0 €xx* Tu ly 7 2006s 7(9) = 0.0086 ye a = 0 Eyy= 2 0,001393(1) = 0.00202 way hee Bey = ebay (gh #) = 0,000667(15)40,001933(3) = 0.00500 2 (6) For Xeanis oe; memes re 2 Ey © Ga Be byy 24 2 bay hm 2 = 0.00 200(¢) + 0.00200 (£) +0. costo) 0.00400 2.59 Zan 262 26x =0.00220____ay, Ev Eyy 200180-(-0.00108) ~ A654 6=20.3262 rad 6, = bys Fer (0 °@ F by 51070 1 2lxy Sind C05 0 = 0.00180 (0.94 13) a 00/09 (0.3204)~ a 00 22H0.947 ID 3204) = Q.002IT £2 bax ty ~ Exn = 0.00 180 +€0,0010%) -0.00 217 O.0014E t26 T= 6,4 Ey t ag = 9.00180 + 0.00108) +0 = 0.00078 272 _ 7k Tee boy + Sy bas bax bea bag ~ Ge Gee = 0,00 1¢0(-0.00 108) -(-0,001/0)*= -0,00000315¥ €w Gy bea{ | 2000 -0.000 0 bey yy €yy| = [9900 ~0.00108 0| =O be bye See o oo HO n €7-0,00078 €*-0,000003154 E =O 6s 0 2 Oat Q 7 €,=-° 0014s 261) T= &y + byy * ay = 0.002667 + 0.002000 +(-0,00200) = 0,002667 222 we gy + by Cae t Coa bee ~ 6% ~ Ga” ee = 0.902 667(0,002004) + 0,002000 -0,002000)+ (-0.002000)(0, 002667) 2 - (0.002661) * (.0,00/500) *- (0.0000 33)* = -0.0000133640 fx Sry Ga [2902667 002667 0.000033 ny &yq & “ye |=, =]0.002667 0.002000 -0.001500|=-0,000000002/8 1! exe €ye Gx! [0000033 -0.00/F00 -0,00200 y= €7- 0.002667 €*-0,0000 133640 € + 0.000000002181/ =0 €,= 0.005170; &z 0.000158 5 & = -0.002662 [2. 2.2] Eyeatven CRW) gives Bax = (FEN Nom dsp-ds, dps WO where b¢,> SE 20, bg, = Sets Te-, acct, and cos @ ot et ds ax t— 63] Ty unvte of Mz 10-5 Gay = “20 Gy = WY Exy = -FoO = bat ~ ©) y= SetSe Lee Fahy = 2 + Lava oa = - $0 + 1500 = . R= 1500, 0C = — 800 €,= 700, E,=- 2300 ; R=150G OC 26 - Tin AB, = BOY = =A = 9.1 xx” Ey 20nd = 40 ° ai? AO, = 06435-2478) ad = 3687, HF ° -B 13.439 =7S57 Goat Ree Hewett . —puttuge famen (b) (Gy) = Re 1500 @ B= iategs @) Max. Shear Strain Element onenta tion (b) Neen y © 2 on Bi ince Exx is negative, line Datorsael @lements in the X-direction Element Contract, and since Eyy i's ference Positive, line elements 1A Bremen he y-direction elongate. © Also, sthee 26y 7h F-8" 1s negative, the angle 8” 13 precter than 1/2, where ee the final tee between the lime element intrally along the X- Axis and tha line element initrally alony the y~Axts CFIZ.c)« Lsee Boresi and Chong, 2000, EY Q-:6), pare Bq] a 1 , ' ‘