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1. Technical Writing
Answer: Technical writing is a type of writing where the author is writing about a
particular subject that requires direction, instruction, or explanation.
- Is a kind of writing that translates technical and scientific information in a simpler
language. This form of writing concerns with the technology. A writer simplifies the
information about the technology or science. One uses this form of writing by
keeping the perspective of the reader’s mind.
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2. Basic Principles of good technical writing and explain each.
Answer:
- The writer of a report must have a specific reader or group of readers in mind.

- He must decide what the specific purpose of his report is and make sure that every
part of his report contributes to that purpose

- The writer must check every part of his report to see whether he has followed the
principles of, first, “telling the reader what he is going to tell them,” second, “telling
them,” and third, “telling them what he told them.”

- He mist make his report very presentable in format. The layout must conform with
the standard forms of writing.

3. In your own words, discuss briefly the two important factors of technical writing.
Answers: Two important factors of Technical writing: Characteristics of Technical
Writing and Uses of Technical Writing.
Characteristics of Technical Writing: I think this is considered as factors because of what
I have read regarding characteristics of technical writing is that it contains the qualities
of a good technical writing. Mostly, correcting a sentence and making it understandable
for the readers.

Uses of Technical Writing: In my opinion, this is like an inspiration because it includes

the meaning of how you will write, includes of what is the purpose of your writing. Of
course, from the start you will start questioning yourself before you can compose a
paragraph.

4. Give at least 4 qualities of technical writer and describe each.

Answer:
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a) Planning: Before you begin

- Identify your audience and their expectations, know purpose, know your
material, understand the writing task at hand, organize your thoughts and
materials, budget adequate time to write, review, revise, and edit.
b) Clarity: Avoid Jargon / Define the unfamiliar
-Jargon: a vocabulary particular to a place of work (abbreviations, slang)
-Audience familiarity with the topic determines appropriate use of jargon.
-If must abbreviate, define the term in its first occurrence, and put abbreviations in
parentheses.
-Italicise first occurrence of unfamiliar terms and define them right away.
c) Brevity: the use of few words to say something
- use words efficiently, less is more, most important first, remove redundancy.
d) Simplicity: Use details wisely
- specific details are desirable, but be careful to balance detail with audience
needs for clarity- significance is more important.
- Many engineers want to provide as much specific detail as possible, but this can
come at the expense of readers understanding and their main point.

5. Illustrate and explain the cycle of technical communication.

Referent Referent

SENDER RECEIVER

Encoding Decoding
Environment

MEDIUM

Environment
FEEDBACK
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REFERENT:
A referent motives the sender ( or receiver) to share information ( messages, objects,
sounds, sights, time schedule, ideas, perceptions, sensation, emotion, odour,etc.) that may
initiate communication.
SENDER:
A sender is a person who encodes and sends themessage to the expected receiver
through an appropriate channel. A sender is the source of the message that is generated to be
delivered to the receiver after appropriate stimulus from the referent.
MESSAGE:
The message is the content of communication and may contain verbal, nonverbal or
symbolic language. Perception and personal factors of the sender and receiver may sometimes
distort this element and intended outcome of communication may not be achieved.
CHANNEL:
A channel is a medium through which a message is sent or received between two or
more people. Several channels can be used to send or receive the message. While selecting
channels of communication, several factors must be considered: availability of channel,
purpose, suitability, types of receivers, types of message, preference of sender and receivers,
communication skills of the sender, cost, etc.
RECIEVER:
Is an individual or a group of individuals intended to receive, decode, and interpret the
message sent by the sender/source of message. Also known as decoder.
FEEDBACK:
It is a return message by the receiver to the sender. It is most essential element of
communication process as it shows that the receiver has understood the primary as it shows
that the receiver has understood the primary message sent by the sender and the
communication process is now consider complete. It could be verbal or nonverbal. A successful
communication must be a two-way process where the sender sends the message and receives
feedback from the receiver.