Class 8 Maths Explorer Bma PDF Free PDF

Integrated
Syllabus
FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD

CLASS - VIII
FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
MATHEMATICS
CLASS - VIII
www.bmatalent.com
Published by:
Brain Mapping Academy

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otherwise without the prior written permission of the
publisher.
Publication Team
Authors: Y.S. Srinivasu
Design & Typing: P. S. Chakravarthi & Syed Ashraf Ali
ISBN: 978-81-907285-3-9
Disclaimer
Every care has been taken by the compilers and
publishers to give correct, complete and updated
information. In case there is any omission, printing mistake or
any
other error which might have crept in inadvertently,
neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the
distributors take any legal responsibility.
In case of any dispute, all matters are subject to the
exclusive jurisdiction of the courts in Hyderabad only.
Prefac
e
Speed and accuracy play an important role in climbing the competitive ladder.
Students have to integrate the habit of being able to calculate and function quickly as well
as efficiently in order to excel in the learning culture. They need to think on their feet,
understand basic
requirements, identify appropriate information sources and use that to their best
advantage.
The preparation required for the tough competitive examinations is fundamentally

different from that of qualifying ones like the board examinations. A student can emerge
successful in a qualifying examination by merely scoring the minimum percentage of
marks, whereas in a competitive examination, he has to score high and perform better
than the others taking the examination.
This book provides all types of questions that a student would be required to tackle at
the foundation level. It will also help the student in identifying the pattern of questions
set for various competitive examinations. Constant practice and familiarity with these
questions will not only make him/her conceptually sound, but will also give the student
the confidence to face any entrance examination with ease.
Students are advised to go through every question carefully and try to solve it on their
own. They should also attempt different methods and alternate processes in reaching the
desired solution and seek their teacher’s help if required.
Valuable suggestions as well as criticism from the teacher and student community are
most welcome and will be incorporated in the ensuing edition.
Publisher
CONTENTS
1. Number System ............................. 07
2. Exponents and Radicals ............... 46
3. Sets ................................................ 65
4. Mensuration – I ............................. 93
5. Polynomials – I .............................. 126
6. Linear Equations .......................... 148
7. Inequalities – I .............................. 177
8. Arithmetic .................................... 207
9. Plane Geometry – I ...................... 231
10. Coordinate Geometry – I ............ 275
Answers ....................................... 328

IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class -
VIII
er
Chapter
MENSURRTION-I
4
1
SYNOPSIS
I. Areas and Dimensions of Plane Figures
1. Triangle
(i) Equilateral Triangle
A
a a
h
B a
D a C
2 2
1
Area A = base height
2
1
= b h
2
3
but h = a
2
1 3 3 2
A = a a= a
2 2 4
(ii) Right - Angled Triangle
1 A
Area A = base height
2
1 d
=
2
bh h
but h = 2 2
d b
1 B C
A = b( d 2 b2 ) b
2
4. Mensuration - I 93
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Mathematics / Class -
Explorer VIII
(iii) Acute - Angled Triangle
A
Area (A) = s s a s b s c
a b c h
Where S =
2
B D C
S is the semi - perimeter of the triangle
2
1 b a2 b2 c2
A = bh = a2
2 2 2b
(iv) Obtuse Angled Triangle
A
b
c
a C
B
Area (A) = s s a s b s c
a b c
Where S =
2
2
1 b 2 c2 a2 b2
A= bh = a
2 2 2b
2. Quadrilaterals
(i) Square
a
a d a
a
(i) Area = (side)2 = a2
(ii) Side (a) = area
(iii) Perimeter(s) = 4 side = 4a
2
(iv) Diagonal (D) = 2 side 2 Area 1.414 Area
Explorer VIII
(ii) Rectangle
d b
l
(i) Area (A) = length breadth = l b
(ii) Area (A) = l d 2 l2 = b . d2 b2

(iii) Perimeter (S) = 2 (length + breadth)
= 2(l + b)
(iv) Diagonal (D) = l2 b2

(iii) Parallelogram
(i) Area (A) = base height

= bh
A
(ii) b =
h
A
(iii) h =
b
(iv) Rhombus
d2
dl
l
Area (A) = product of its diagonals
2
l
= dl d2
2
Explorer VIII
(v) Trapezium
b
h h
a
1
Area (A) = (sum of parallel sides) height
2
1
= (a + b)h
2
---
---------------
---------------
(vi) Trapezoid
---------
---------
---
H
h
b a c
H h a bh CH
Area (A) =
2
A trapezoid can be divided into two triangles as indicated by dotted lines. The area
of each of these triangles is calculated, and the result added to find the area of
trapezoid.
3. Circle
2
d
(i) Area of circle (A) = r2 =
4
Where r = radius
d = diameter of a circle
(ii) Circumference = 2 r = d = 3.l4d

area
(iii) Radius =
circumference
(iv) Diameter =
Explorer VIII
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Example 4.1
The difference of the area of the circumscribed and the inscribed squares of a circle is 35
sq.cm. Find the area of the circle.
Solution:
Let the radius of the circle be x cm
diameter = 2x cm
Now, diagonal of the inscribed square = 2x cm
diagonal 2
Area of the inscribed square =
2
(2x)2
= = 2x2 sq. cm
2
Again side of the circumscribed square = 2x cm
Area of the circumscribed square = (2x)2 sq.cm
= 4x2 sq.cm
So, by the problem,
4x2 - 2x2 = 35
or 2x2 = 35
35
x2 =
2
22 35
Area of circle = x 2 = 7 2 = 55 sq.cm.
Explorer VIII
Example 4.2
The sides of a triangle are a = l3 cm, b = l 4 cm, c = l5 cm, the sides a and b are the
tangents to a circle , whose centre lies on the third side. Find the circumference of the
circle.
Note: l. Tangent is a line touching the circle at one point.
2. Radius is perpendicular to the tangent.
c
A B
0
Solution:
The centre O of the circle lies an AB and let r cm be the be the radius of the cirlce.
Since radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact.
l l
The area of BOC x l3 x r sq.cm and AOC x l4 x r sq.cm
2 2
Hence the total area of the ABC BOC AOC
l l
= .l3. r .l4. r sq.cm
2 2
l
= x r x 27 sq.cm
2
l3 l4 l5
Again if S = semi-perimeter = cm
2
= 2l cm
The area of ABC = s(s a)(s b)(s c) = 2l(8) (7) (6) = 84 sq.cm
Comparing these two,

l
x r x 27 = 84
2
56
or r= cm
9
22 56 l
Circumference of the circle = 2 r 2 = 39 cm
7 9 9
Explorer VIII
Example 4.3
The two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 5 cm and 4 cm respectively and if the
respective diagonal is 7 cm, then find the area of the parallelogram?
Solution:
Required area = 2 s(s a)(s b)(s D)
a b D 5 4 7
where s = =8
2 2
= 2 8(8 5)(8 4)(8 7)
= 2 8 3 4 8 6 = l9.6 sq.cm
Example 4.4
A 5l00 sq.cm trapezium has the perpendicular distance between the two parallel sides
60 cm. If one of the parallel sides be 40 cm then find the length of the other parallel
sides.
Solution:
Let the length of the unknown parallel side be 'x' cm.
l
A = (a + b) h
2
l
or 5l00 = (40 + x) x 60
2
or l70 = 40 + x
Required other parallel side = l70 - 40 = l30 cm
Example 4.5
How many metres of a carpet 75 cm wide will be required to cover the floor of a room
which is 20 metres long and l2 metres broad?
Solution:
length of room breadth of room

Length required =
width of carpet
20 l2
Length required = = 320 m
0.75
Example 4.6
How many paving stones each measuring 2.5 m x 2 m are required to pave a rectangular
courtyard 30 m long and l6.5 m wide?
Explorer VIII
Solution:
length breadth of courtyard

Number of teles requied = length breadth of each tile
30 l6.5
= = 99
2.5 2
Example 4.7
A hall-room 39 m l0 cm long and 35 m 70 cm broad is to be paved with equal square tiles.
Find the largest tile so that the tiles exactly fit and also find the number of tiles re-
quired.
Solution:
Side of largest possible tile = H.C.F of length and breadth of the room
= H.C.F of 39.l0 and 35.70 m
= l.70 m
Also, number of tiles required
length breadth of room
= (H.C.F of length and breadth of the room)2
39.l0 35.70
= = 483
l.70 l.70
Example 4.8
A rectangular grassy plot is ll2 m by 78 m. It has a gravel path 2.5 m wide all round it
on the inside. Find the area of the path and the cost of constructing it at Rs. 2 per square
metre?
Solution:
Area of path = (l2 78) - (l07 73)
= 925 sq.m
Cost of construction = rate x area
= 2 x 925 = Rs. l850
Example 4.9
A square field of 2 sq. kilometers is to be divided into two equal parts by a fence which
coincides with a diagonal. Find the length of the fence.
Solution:
Area of square = 2 km2
Diagnol = 2 2 km = 2 kilometeres.
Hence length of the fence = 2 km
Explorer VIII
2
55
Other diagonal = 2 x (36.5)2 = 48 cm
2
l l
Now, area = (product of diagonals) = x 48 x 55 = l320 sq.cm
2 2
Example 4.13
A hall whose length is l6 m and breadth twice its height takes l68 m of paper 2 m wide
for its four walls. Find the area of the floor.
Solution:
Let the breadth = 2h m, then height = h m
Area of walls = 2(l6 + 2h) h sq.m
Area of paper = l68 x 2 sq.m
2(l6 + 2h)h = l68 x 2 (8 + h) h = 84
On solving h = 6, -l4; -l4 is not acceptable
h = 6 and breadth = l2
Area of floor = l6 x l2 sq.m = l92 sq.m
Example 4.14
The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what per cent should the width be
decreased to maintain the same area?
Solution:
Let the length and breadth be x and y then its area = xy
l60 8x
New length = x
l00 5
xy = 5y
As the area remains the same, the new breadth of the rectangle =
8x 8
3y 5
5y
Decrease in breadth = y - =
8 8
3y l00 75 l
% decrease in breadth = = = 37 %
8 y 2 2
Example 4.15
If the length of a rectangle increases by l0% and the breadth of the rectangle decreases
by l2% then find the % change in area.
Soluton:
Let length = l00 units and breadth = l00 units
Explorer VIII
Then Area = l00 l00 = l0000 square units
New length = ll0 units
New breadth = 88 units
New Area = ll0 88 = 9680 sq. units
320
% change in area = l00 = 3.2%
l0000
Example 4.16
(a) What is the relation between a circle and an equilateral triangle which is inscribed
in the circle?
(b) What is the relation between an equilateral triangle and a circle inscribed in a
circle?
(c) An equilateral triangle is circumscribed by a circle and another circle is inscribed
in that triangle. Find the ratio of the areas of two circles?
Solution:
(a) The area of a circle circumscribing an equilateral triangle of side x is x2

3
(b) The area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side x is x2 .

l2
(c) From the above, we can say that the required ratio = x2 : x2
3 l2
l l
= : =4:l
3 l2
Example
4.17
The front wheels of a wagon are 2 m in circumference and the back wheels are 3 m
feet in circumference. When the front wheels have made l0 more revolutions than the
back wheels, how many metres has the wagon travelled?
Solution:
Suppose the back wheel has made x revolutions.
Front wheel has made (l0 + x) revolutions.
3 x=2 (l0 + x)
x=2 x l0 x = 20
The wagon has travelled 3 x = 60 .
Example 4.18
Amar drew a square. He then erased it and drew a second square whose sides were 3
times the sides of the first square. By what percent was the area of the square increased?
Explorer VIII
Example 4.21
ABCD is a rectangle with sides AB = x and AD = y. E is the mid point of DC. Then find the
area of the shaded portion?
A B
D E C
l l
Soluton: Area of ABE = x AB x from E on AB = xy.
2 2
Example 4.22
The area of the larger square is a2 and that of the smaller square is b2. Then
Area of the shaded portion

find Area of the l arg er square .
Solution:
a 2 b2 b2 b b
=l- = l l .
a2 a2 a a
Example 4.23
What will be the perimeter of a rectangle if its length is 3 times its width and the length
of the diagonal is 8 l0 cm?
Solution:
9B2 + B2 = (8 l0 )2 = 640 B2 = 64 B=8
8 10
B
3B
Perimeter = 8B = 64 cm.
Explorer VIII
Example 4.24
What will be the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle if its original
radius is tripled?
Solution:
2 r
= Ratio of the circumference to the diameter of the circle = = Independent of the
2r
radius.
Example 4.25
There are two 2-metre wide cross roads in a lawn l50 m by l20 m dimensions. One of
the roads is parallel to the length and the other is parallel to the breadth. If it costs Rs.
2 per sq. metre for levelling the road, what would be the cost involved ?
Solution:
Area of the road = l50 x 2 + l20 x 2 - 2 x 2
= 300 + 240 - 4 = 536 sq m.
The cost for levelling the road = 536 x 2 = Rs. l072
Example 4.26
What is the area of the triangle in which two of its medians 9 cm and l2 cm long inter-
sect at right angles?
Solution:
l
Area of the triangle = 2 x x l2 x 6 = 72 sq.cm
2
Example 4.27
If one leg of an isosceles right-angled triangle is increased by 6 cm and that of the other
leg decreased by 4 cm, then the area of the triangle decreases by 24 sq cm. Find the
length of the leg of the original triangle.
Solution:
Let x be the length of the leg of the right-angled isosceles triangle, originally.
X
l 2
Its area = x
2
Explorer VIII
l
The area of the new triangle = (x - 4) (x + 6)
2
X 4
X+6
l 2 l
x = (x - 4) (x + 6) + 24
2 2
x2 = x2 + 2x - 24 + 48 x = -l2.
Example 4.28
What is the ratio of the heights of two isosceles triangles which have equal vertical
angles, and of which the areas are in the ratio of 9 : l6?
Solution:
Let the heights be hl and h2. Let the bases be Bl and B2 respectively.
l
Bl hl
2 9
=
l l6
B2 h 2
2
Bl B
Let = 2 = k, say
hl h2
h l2 9 hl 3
h 22 l6 h2 4
Example 4.29
Four horses are tethered at four corners of a square plot of side l4 metres (m) so that the
adjacent horses can just reach one another. There is a small circular pond of area 20 m2 at
the centre. Find the ungrazed area.
Solution:
Total area = l4 x l4 = l96 m2
r2
Grazed area = x 4= r2 = 22 x 7 (r = 7)
4
= l54 m 2
Ungrazed area = (l96 - l54) = 42 m2
CONCEPTMAP========================
Plane Figures: A flat surface,
.-----------------11 in which any two points are joined -----------.
by a straight Iiiii! lying entirezy on the surface
Aeute angled triangle Circle:
I
4
V
r-;- P=a+b+c Circumferem:e = 211T or !!d ad aSquare
Jt P =a+a + a+a
A= )s<s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
V Area = 0
ltr = !rd'
= 411
A A = (side)' = a
N
Radius= a
6
L d.=.J2(a't
•s Diametre cuc ueru:e
=o:../2
..tl'loJu
Jlpr• =.J?i.area)
, ..
having
t ll n 1
'--r- Semi-cdrde
Q
U'
A
P=2l +2b
..
D
P=2r+11'T
= r(x + 2)
r
} ='llJ.+b) I
£
A
r r A=.!.lll"' d=.Jf +b' A=lb r
2
= t.Jti.' -l' ..
li
A
= £
s
Seetor
Paralle"Joaram
l=271r_!
y
P=2l+2h
86d'
=2(l+b)
1178
or 180 A=bh
b
P= xr9 +2r
180
llrl'l" 1
A=-- =-lr
360 2
Trapellli-
Obtwle angled triangle Cit)Ellipse: b P=a+b+c+d
P= a +b +c b a -+ T7Uijor CJXill
a A= .Js<s- a) (ft-b) (s-a) b -+ minor I1Zis h h A= (a+h)lo a
P= 2(a'+b')
A=xab
or
h a c
Trapeoroid
Sum of the &idea
A= (H+h)a+bh+CH
2
Composite
.6-. @)j))
Area Outer .Area. -Inner area
---------------- A.+A..,. +A,..
Area ofoquare
-Area of four BoctOl'B
Explorer VIII
BASIC PRACTICE
l. What is the area of the shaded region?
15 cm
8 cm
12 cm
2. In the figure drawn below, its dimensions are given in metres.
(a) Find the perimeter of the figure in terms of C.
(b) If C = 3, find the total cost to fence the garden if the cost of fencing is o 7 per metre.
9
c
12
6 c
(5 + c)
3. What is the area of triangle ABC?
A
4 cm
C
B
4. The figure below is made up of an isoceles triangle and a semi-circle. Find the perimeter
of the figure.
8
cm
Explorer VIII
5. The figure is made up of two identical small circles and a large circle with diameter 28
22
cm. Taking , express the shaded area as a fraction of the total area.
7
28 cm
6. The ratio of the area of A to the area of D is 4 : 5 and the ratio of the area of B to the area
of C is l : 3. Find the ratio of the area of A to the area of C.
A
B
D
C
7. The figure is made up of 2 big identical quarter circles of radius 8 cm and a small quarter
circle. Find the perimeter of the figure.
3 cm
8. The figure is made up of 2 rectangles
3 cm
7r cm
4r cm
3 ctn 3 ctn
3 cm
(a) What is the perimeter of the big rectangle?
(b) What is the area of the small rectangle?
9. The figure shows a trapezium PQRS. Given that RQ = PQ = 8 cm and the area of triangle
OPQ is l2.8 cm2, what is the area of triangle OPS?
Explorer VIII
s R
0 8 cm
p 8 cm Q
l0. By what percentage will the area of a square change if its side increases by l0%?
ll. The wheel of a cycle covers 660 metres by making 500 revolutions. What is the diameter
of the wheel (in cm)?
l2. In the given figure, what is the minimum distance, in metres, that a person would have
to walk to go from the point A to a point on the side BC?
A
B C
Note : The diagram is not drawn to scale.

l3. Find the ratio of the area of a square to that of the square drawn on its diagonal?
l4. A wire bent in the form of a square enclosed an area of l2l sq cm. If the same wire is
bent so as to form a circle, then find the area enclosed?
l5. All the three quadrilaterals ADEC, ABIH and BCGF are squares and ABC = 90o. If the
area of ADEC = x2 and area of AHIB = y2 (x2 > y2), then find the area of BCGF?
D
H A
C
I B
F G
Explorer VIII
24. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD given below.
25. Find the area of the shaded portion. Given that each circle is having a radius of 2 cm.
26. PQRS is the diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm. The lengths PQ, QR and RS are equal.
Find the area of the shaded portion.
R2
P S
Q R
Rl
27. In the given figure B 90o , AC is diameter of a semicircle and with BC as radius, a
quarter circle is drawn, find the area of the shaded portion.
Explorer VIII
FURTHER PRACTICE
l. Three horses are grazing within a semi-circular field. In the diagram given below, AB is
the diameter of the semi-circular field with centre at O. Horses are tied up at P, R and S
such that PO and RO are the radii of semi-circles with centres at P and R respectively,
and S is the centre of the circle touching the two semi-circles with diameters AO and
OB. The horses tied at P and R can graze within the respective semi-circle and the horse
tied at S can graze within the circle centred at S. The percentage of the area of the semi-
circles with diameter AB that cannot be grazed by the horses is nearest to:
A P 0 R B
A) 20 B) 28 C) 36 D) 40
2. A vertical tower OP stands at the centre O of a square ABCD. Let h and b denote the
length OP and AB respectively. Suppose APB = 60o then the relationship between h
and b can be expressed as:
A) 2b2 = h2 B) 2h2 = b2 C) 3b2 = 2h 2 D) 3h2 = 2b2
3. In the figure below, the rectangle at the corner measures l0 cm x 20 cm. The corner A
of the rectangle is also a point on the circumference of the circle. What is the radius of
the circle in cm?
A) l0 cm B) 40 cm C) 50 cm D) 30 cm
4. Consider two different cloth-cutting processes. In the first one, n circular cloth pieces
are cut from a square cloth piece of side 'a' in the following steps: the original square of
side 'a' is divided into n smaller squares, not necessarily of the same size; then a circle of
maximum possible area is cut from each of the smaller squares. In the second process,
only one circle of maximum possible area is cut from the square of side 'a' and the
process ends there. The cloth pieces remaining after cutting the circles are scrapped in
both the processes. The ratio of the total area of scrap cloth generated in the former to
that in the later is:
n(4 ) 4n
A) l : l B) 2 :l C) D)
4n n(4 )
5. In the figure below (not drawn to scale), rectangle ABCD is inscribed in the circle with
Explorer VIII
centre at O. The length of side AB is greater than that of side BC. The ratio of the area
of the circle to the area of the rectangle ABCD is : 3 . The line segment DE intersects
AB at E such that ODC = ADE. What is the ratio AE : AD?
A E B
0
D C
A) l : 3 B) l : 2 C) l : 2 3 D) l : 2
6. Let Sl be a square of side 'a'. Another square S2 is formed by joining the mid-points of the
sides of Sl. The same process is applied to S2 to form yet another square S3, and so on. If
Al, A2, A3, ... be the areas and Pl, P2, P3, ... be the perimeters of Sl, S2, S3, ...., respectively,
then the ratio:
Pl P2 P3 ...
equals:
Al A 2 A 3 ...
2(l 2) 2(2 2) 2(2 2) 2(l 2 2)

A) B) C) D)
a a a a
7. A piece of paper is in the shape of a right-angled triangle and is cut along a line that is
parallel to the hypotenuse, leaving a smaller triangle. There was a 35% reduction in the
length of the hypotenuse of the triangle. If the area of the original triangle was 34
square inches before the cut, what is the area (in square inches) of the smaller triangle?
A) l6.665 B) l6.565 C) l5.465 D) l4.365
l l l
8. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio of : : . If the perimeter is 52 cm, then the
2 3 4
length of the smallest side is:
A) 9 cm B) l0 cm C) ll cm D) l2 cm
9. A, B and C start running at the same time and from the same point around a circular
track of 70 metres radius. A and B run clockwise and C counter clockwise. If A meets C
every 88 seconds and B meets C every ll0 seconds, then A meets B every seconds.
A) 22 B) l98 C) 440 D) 2l2
l0. A pond l00 m in diameter is surrounded by a circular grass walk 2 m wide. How many
square meters of grass is there on the walk?
A) 98 B) l00 C) 204 D) 202
ll. The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what percent would the width be
decreased so as to maintain the same area?
l
A) 37 % B) 60% C) 75% D) l20%
2
Explorer VIII
24. In the figure, ABCD is a square with side l0. BFD is an arc of a circle with centre C. BGD
is an arc of a-circle with centre A. What is the area of the shaded region?
A 10 B
10
D c
A) l00 - 50 B) l00 - 257 C) 50 - l00 D) 25 - l00
25. A steel wire bent in the form of a square of area l2l cm 2. If the same wire is bent in the
form of a circle, then the area of the circle is:
A) l30 cm 2 B) l36 cm2 C) l54 cm2 D) l68 cm2
26. The number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of
22
l.l km is Use :
7
A) 3l.25 B) 56.25 C) 625 D) 62.5
27. Semi-circular lawns are attached to the edges of a rectangular field measuring 42 m x 35
m. The area of the total field is:
A) 38l8.5 m2 B) 83l8 m2 C) 58l3 m2 D) l358 m2
28. A wire is in the form of a circle of radius 35 cm. If it is bent into the shape of a rhombus,
what is the side of the rhombus?
A) 32 cm B) 70 cm C) 55 cm D) l7 cm
29. The cross-section of a canal is in the form of a trapezium. If the canal top is l0 m wide
and the bottom is 6 m wide, and the area of cross-section is 72 m 2, then the depth of the
canal is:
A) l0 m B) 7 m C) 6 m D) 9 m
30. A wire is looped in the form of a circle of radius 28 cm. It is re-bent into a square form.
Determine the length of the side of the square.
A) 44 cm B) 45 cm C) 46 cm D) 48 cm
3l. A circular grassy plot of land, 42 m in diameter, has a path 3.5 m wide running round it
on the outside. Find the cost of gravelling the path at Rs. 4 per square metre.
A) Rs. 2002 B) Rs. 2003 C) Rs. 2004 D) Rs. 2000
32. If the circumference and the area of a circle are numerically equal, then what is the
numerical value of the diameter?
A) l B) 2 C) 4 D)
33. A wire is in the form of a circle of radius 35 cm. If it is bent into the shape of a rhombus,
what is the side of the rhombus?
A) 32 cm B) 70 cm C) 55 cm D) l7 cm
Explorer VIII
44. In the figure, when the outer circles all have radii 'r', then the radius of the inner circle will be:
l 2
A) 2r B) ( 2 l)r C) D)
2r ( 2 l)r
BRAIN WORKS
l. Find the perimeter of the shaded portion.
2. PQRS is the diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm. The lengths PQ, QR and RS are equal.
Semi-circles are drawn with PQ and QS as diameters as shown in figure. Find the ratio
of the area of the shaded region to that of the unshaded region.
Q R
p s
3. In the given figure DC = CB = 4 cm and AE = 2 cm. Calculate the area of shaded portion,
if DC AB.
Explorer VIII
4. Find the area of the shaded portion.
5. The figure below shows two concentric circles with centre 'O'. PQRS is a square inscribed
in the outer circle. It also circumscribes the inner circle, touching it at points B, C, D
and A. What is the ratio of the perimeter of the outer circle to that of polygon ABCD?
p B Q
A 0 C
s D R
6. Four identical coins are placed in a square. For each coin, the ratio of area of circumference
is same as the ratio of circumference to area. Then, find the area of the square that is
not covered by the coins.
7. AB is the diameter of the given circle, while points C and D lie on the circumference as
shown. If AB is l5 cm, AC is l2 cm and BD is 9 cm, find the area of the quadrilateral
ACBD.
C
A B
D
8. The adjoining figures shows a set of concentric squares. If the diagonal of the innermost
square is 2 units, and if the distance between the corresponding corners of any two
successive squares is l unit, find the difference between the areas of the eight and the
seventh squares, counting from the innermost square.
Explorer VIII
l5. Two sides of a plot measure 32 metres and 24 metres and the angle between them is a
perfect right angle. The other two sides measure 25 metres each and the other three
angles are not right angles.
25
24
25
32
What is the area of the plot (in m 2)?
l6. Euclid has a triangle in mind. Its longest side has length 20 and another of its sides has
length l0. Its area is 80. What is the exact length of its third side?
l7. A rectangular pool 20 metres wide and 60 metres long is surrounded by a walkway of
uniform width. If the total area of the walkway is 5l6 square metres, how wide, in
metres, is the walkway?
l8. Consider a circle with unit radius. There are seven adjacent sectors, Sl, S2, S3 . . . S7, in
l
the circle such that their total area is of the area of the circle. Further, the area of
8
the jth sector is twice that of the (j - l)th sector, for j = 2, ... 7. Find the area of the sector
Sl.
l9. A former has decided to build a wire fence along one straight side of his property. For
this, he planned to place several fence-posts at 6 m intervals, with posts fixed at both
ends of the side. After he bought the posts and wire, he found that the number of posts
he had bought was 5 less than required. However, he discovered that the number of
posts he had bought would be just sufficient if he spaced them 8 m apart. What is the
length of the side of his property and how many posts did he buy?
20. What is the number of distinct triangles with integral valued sides and perimeter as l4?
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

l. If each side an equilateral triangle is 4 3 cm then which of the following is/are true?
A) If area is natural number
B) Numerical value of area and perimeter are same/equal
C) Perimeter s an irrational number
D) All of these are correct
2. If area of a triangle is l2 cm2, then which of the following pairs of base and height are possible?
A) Base = l2 cm, Height = l cm B) Base = 6 cm, Height = 3 cm
C) Base = 8 cm, Height = 3 cm D) Base = 4 cm, Height = 6 cm
3. Area of any triangle will be doubled if
A) base be doubled B) each side is doubled
C) height is doubled D) Both base and height are doubled
Explorer VIII
PARAGRAPH
QUESTIONS
Passaee - I
Area of a rectangle is twice the area of a triangle with base a and height b.
l. The figure below is made up of a square, a triangle and a rectangle. Find the area of the
shaded region.
6 ctn
4 ctn
9 ctn
A) 32 m 2 B) 40.5 m 2 C) 52.5 cm 2 D) 72 m2
Passaee - II
r2
Area of a sector is
360o
All the sides of a square are equal.
l. The figure below consists of a square, a quarter circle and a semicircle.
a. Find the area of the shaded portion. b. Find the perimeter of the shaded portion.
lO ctn
lO ctn
2. The figure is made up of a rectangle and 2 similar semicircles. Find the perimeter of the
shaded portion.
43 tn
2l tn
2l tn
e Simple, clear and systematic presentation
e Concept maps provided for every chapter
e Set of objective and subjective questions at the
end of each chapter
e Previous contest questions at the end of each
chapter
e Designed to fulfill the preparation needs for
international/national talent exams, olympiads
and all competitive exams
UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS
●
● Cross word Puzzles

● Graded Exercise
■ Basic Practice
■ Further Practice
■ Brain Works Detailed solutions
for all problems
● Multiple Answer Questions of IIT Foundation &
● Paragraph Questions Olympiad Explorer
are available in this book
www.bmatalent.com
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Integrated

FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD

Brain Mapping Academy

C Brain Mapping Academy

The preparation required for the tough competitive examinations is fundamentally

1. Number System ............................. 07

2. Exponents and Radicals ............... 46

5. Polynomials – I .............................. 126

6. Linear Equations .......................... 148

7. Inequalities – I .............................. 177

8. Arithmetic .................................... 207

9. Plane Geometry – I ...................... 231

10. Coordinate Geometry – I ............ 275

Answers ....................................... 328

(iv) Obtuse Angled Triangle

(ii) Area (A) = l d 2 l2 = b . d2 b2

(iv) Diagonal (D) = l2 b2

(i) Area (A) = base height

(ii) Circumference = 2 r = d = 3.l4d

Let the radius of the circle be x cm

Now, diagonal of the inscribed square = 2x cm

Again side of the circumscribed square = 2x cm

Area of the circumscribed square = (2x)2 sq.cm

So, by the problem,

Comparing these two,

Required area = 2 s(s a)(s b)(s D)

length of room breadth of room

length breadth of courtyard

(a) The area of a circle circumscribing an equilateral triangle of side x is x2

(b) The area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side x is x2 .

Area of the shaded portion

9B2 + B2 = (8 l0 )2 = 640 B2 = 64 B=8

Aeute angled triangle Circle:

Sum of the &idea

---------------- A.+A..,. +A,..

8. The figure is made up of 2 rectangles

Note : The diagram is not drawn to scale.

24. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD given below.

A) 2b2 = h2 B) 2h2 = b2 C) 3b2 = 2h 2 D) 3h2 = 2b2

2(l 2) 2(2 2) 2(2 2) 2(l 2 2)

MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

● Cross word Puzzles

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A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.

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