His shoes are dirty. (Co 3s nH They are at home. hhas cleaned / have gone etc. isthe present pect (have + past patcpe): [a ge He is cleaning his shoes They are going out. He has cleaned his shoes. (© his shoes are clean now) ‘They have gone out. (= they are not at home sn) i cleaned 1 | cleanea? we | have ("ve) finished have | “| finished? you | have not (haven’®) | started you | started? they lost they | tose? he | has (') done he | done? she | has not (hasn't) | been has | she | been? i gone ic | gone? past pile Regular verbs. The past participle is ed (the same as the past simple): clean — Ihave cleaned finish —> we have finished Inegular verbs ‘The past participle is not -ed. Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the same: buy ~ I bought / I have bought Sometimes the past simple and past participle are different: break = I broke / Ihave broken see -* you saw / you have seen. 0 they went / they have gone fll -> it fell / it has fallen ‘We use the present perfect for an action nthe past with a result now: 1 P've lost my passport. (= I ean find my pasport now) © ‘Where’ Rebecea “She's gone to bed" (= she isin bed sou) 1D We've bought a new car. (= we have a new ear now) | regular verbs imegular vere start — she has started have — he had / he has had 1 [es Rachel’ birthday tomorrow and | haven’t bought her a present. (=I don't have a present for her siow) 1 ‘Bob is away on holiday’ ‘Oh, where has he gone?” © Can [ take this newspaper? Have you finished with it present perfect > Units 16-19 present perfeet and past simple -» Unit 20, where is he now?) do you need it now?) lnregular verbs -» Unit 24, Appendix 2-3,Exercises Unit 15 15.1 15.2 Look at the pictures. What has happened? Choose from the box. stop maining. have a shower Complete the sentences with a verb from the box. break buy decide — finish === forget. «= go. go invite read see nov/see ake tell not/tell 1 ‘Can T have a look at your newspaper?’ “Yes, 1 ve. finished... with it? 21 some new shoes. Do you want to see them? 3 ‘Where is Liz?” ‘She's not here. She out! 4 Vm looking for Paula, om YOu hex? 5 Look! Somebody that window. 6 ‘Does Lisa know that you're going away?” "Yes, rss 7 can't find my umbrella. Somebody it 8 ‘Where are my glasses?” ‘I don't know: I them? 9 I'm looking for Sarah. Where on. she ? 10 [know that woman, but I her name. 11 Sue is having a party tonight. She a lot of people. 12, What are you going to do? you ? 13 4: Does Bill know about the meeting tomorrow? B: don't think so. I him 14 ‘Do you want this magazine?” ‘No, | 7 it, thanks?I've just... I've already ... I haven't ... yet (present perfect 2) Tve just Just = a short time ago a: Are Diane and Paul here? 3; Yes, they've just arrived. a: Are you hungry? B: No, ’ve just had dinner. a: Is‘Tom here? u: No, I'm aftaid he’s just gone. (@ he has just gone) Tve already already = before you expected / before I expected A: What time are Diane and Paul coming? b; They've already arrived. (© before you expected) Is only 9 o'clock and Anna has already gone to bed. (= before I expected) As Jon, this is Emma, : Yes, [know. We've already met. Thaven’t .., yet / Have you ... yet? yet = until now We use yet in negative sentences and questions. Yet is usually at the end. yet in negative sentences (I haven't... yet) A: Are Diane and Paul he : No, they haven't arrived yet. (but B expects Diane and Paul to arrive soon) a: Does James know that you'te going away? b: No, haven’t told him yet. (but B is going to tell him soon) @ Silvia has bought a new dress, but she hasn’t worn it yet. yet in questions (Have you ... yet2) a: Have Diane and Paul arrived yet? 1: No,not yet, We'e still waiting for them, a: Has Nicole started her new job yet? 1: No, she starts next week. A: This is my new dress u: Oh, it’ nice. Have you worn it yet? 42 present perfect —» word order still, yet and alreadyExercises Unit 16 16.1. Write a sentence with just for each picture. Frais is aur 1 2 Hello, | ph everybody! 1. They've, just arrived, 3 They 2 He 4 The race - 16.2 Complete the sentences. Use already + present perfect. NH. ft _.. 1 ‘What time is Paul arriving? He's, already. arrived. 2| Do your friends want to see the film? | | No, they it 3 Don't forget to phone Tom. r . 4 ‘When is Martin going away? | | He 5 | Do you want to read the newspaper? J fT 6 \_When does Sarah start her new job?,/ \ She / 16.3 Write a sentence with just (They've just ... / She's just ... ete.) or a negative sentence with yet (They haven't ... yet / She hasn't ... yet etc.) 1 a fow minutes now | 2 a few minutes row | 3a few minsites | now eee’ | < = eS BS i / | ay y (che / go / out) (the bus / go) (the tain / leave) She hasn't. gone. out yok. | The bus 4 afew mines] now | 5 a fow minutes row | 6 3 few minutes now i | (he / open / it) (chey / finish / their dinner) | (it / stop / raining) 16.4 Write questions with yet. 1 Your friend has got a new job. Perhaps she has started it. You ask her: Have you. started. your new job yet? Your friend has some new neighbours. Perhaps he has met them, You ask him: 3. Your friend must pay her phone bill. Perhaps she has paid it. You ask her: 4 Tom was t about Tom: P ing to sell his cat. Pethaps he has sold it. You ask a frit