QUIZ #1

Fundamental of Surveying Laboratory

Ruizo, Charlene Joy A.

College of Engineering, UNP

BSSE 2

Irish Dalis, EM

October 23, 2021

QUIZ 1: Surv 121 Lecture SET A

1. From the measured values of distance AB, the following trials were recorded:

TRIAL DISTANCE

1 140.14

2 140.27

3 140.23

4 140.18

a) Find the probable error.

= ±0.0

b) Find the residual error.

= 0.000

c) Find the 𝑃𝐸S

= ±0.04

Solution:

N=4

𝛴𝑥= 𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + 𝑥4

140.14 + 140.27 + 140.23 + 140.18

= 560.82
 ∑𝑥⁄
MPV or 𝑥̅ = 𝑛

560
= 4

= 140.205

𝑣1 = 𝑥1 − 𝑥̅ =140.14 – 140.205 = -0.065

𝑣2 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥̅ =140.27 – 140.205 = 0.065

𝑣3 = 𝑥3 − 𝑥̅ =140.23 – 140.205 = 0.025

𝑣4 = 𝑥4 − 𝑥̅ =140.18 – 140.205 = -0.025

Σ𝑥 = 0.000

υ12 = (−0.065)2 = 0.004225

υ22 = (0.065)2 = 0.004225

υ32 = (0.025)2 = 0.000625

υ42 = (−0.025)2 = 0.000625

Σx= 0.0097
 Trial Distance RE SR

1 140.14 −0.065 0.004225

2 140.27 0.065 0.004225

3 140.23 0.025 0.000625

4 140.18 −0.025 0.000625

𝑥̅ = 140.205 ∑𝝊 = 0.000 ∑𝑣2 = 0.009700

∑v 2
PEs = ±0.06745 √
n−1

0.009700
= ±0.06745√ 4−1

= ± 0.04

∑v 2
PEm = ±0.06745√
n(n − 1)

0.009700
= ±0.06745√ 4(4−1)

= ± 0.02
2. The following interior angles of a triangle traverse were measured with the same precision.

Station Value (Degrees) No. of Measurements

A 43° 2

B 67° 4

C 72° 3

Determine the most probable value of angle A, B, and C?

Station Value (Degrees) No. of Measurements 1

W=X

A 43° 2 1
2

B 67° 4 1
4

C 72° 3 1
3

∑𝑽 = 𝟏𝟖𝟐° ∑𝑿 = 𝟗 WT =
𝟏𝟑
𝟏𝟐

Solution:

Error = Correct Measure – Measured Value

= 180 – 182

E=–2

𝑊
<A = A + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 43°-2 (2⁄12)

= 42° 4’ 36.92’
 𝑊
<B = B + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 67°-2 (4⁄12)

= 66° 32’ 18.46’’

𝑊
<C = C + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 72°-2 (3⁄12)

= 71° 23’ 4.62”

3. A surveyor measures the distance of points A and B, and the following values were recorded

in a series of measurements.

TRIAL No. of Measurements

1 198.38

2 198.42

3 198.32

4 198.45
Solution:

TRIAL No. of Measurements RE (v) SR (𝑣2)

1 198.38 0.0125 0.00015625

2 198.42 -0.0275 0.00075625

3 198.32 0.0725 0.00525625

4 198.45 -0.0575 0.00330625

𝑥̅ =198.3925 ∑𝑣 = 0.0000 ∑𝑣2 = 0.009475

a) Determine the Mean.

= 198.3925

b) Determine the 𝑃𝐸𝑚.

∑v 2
𝑃𝐸𝑚 = ±0.06745√
n(n − 1)

0.009475
= ±0.06745√ 4(4−1)

= ± 0.02

c) What’s the Relative Precision?

∑v 2
PEs = ±0.06745√
n−1

0.009475
= ±0.06745√ 4−1

= ± 0.04
 𝑃𝐸𝑠
RPs =
𝑀𝑃𝑉

0.04
=
198.3925

1
=
5000

𝑃𝐸𝑚
RPm =
𝑀𝑃𝑉

0.02
=
198.3925

1
=
10000

4. Gathered from the surveying team are the observed elevation of a point by running a line of

levels over four different routes.

Route Elevations Probable Errors (±)

1 420.14 0.04

2 420.27 0.06

3 420.18 0.08

4 420.23 0.02
Solution:

Route Elevations Probable 𝐸2 W RW P

Errors (±)

1 420.14 0.04 0.0016 625 4.01 1684.76

2 420.27 0.06 0.0036 278 1.78 748.08

3 420.18 0.08 0.0064 156 1.00 420.18

4 420.23 0.02 0.0004 2500 16.03 6736.29

3559 22.82 9589.31

a) What is the weight of route 3?

W= 156

b) What is the weighted sum of the observation?

= 3359

c) What are the MPVs of the elevations?

∑𝑃
MVP =
∑𝑅𝑤

9589.31
=
22.82

MVP = 420.215 or 420.22

5. The weight of an angle is assumed to be proportional to the number of times that it has been

repeated. Five angles in a five-sided figure are measured with the following results.

Angle Observed Value No of Repetitions

A 86°0’18.29’’ 6

B 134°40’55’’ 2

C 75°47’50’’ 2

D 167°0’02.10’’ 6

E 76°10’20’’ 4

 Compute the adjusted values for: D, B, and E.

Angle Observed Value No. of Repetitions 1

W=X

A 86°0’18.29’’ 6 1
6

B 134°40’55’’ 2 1
2

C 75°47’50’’ 2 1
2

D 167°0’02.10’’ 6 1
6

E 76°10’20’’ 4 1
4

539° 39’ 25.39” ∑𝒙 = 𝟐0 ∑𝒘 = 𝟏𝟐

𝟏𝟗

Solution:

Error = Correct measure – Measured value

= 540°- 539° 39’ 25.39”

= 0° 20’ 34.61”
 𝑊
<D = D + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 19
= 167° 0’ 02.10” + 0° 20’ 34.61 (6⁄12)

= 167° 2’ 12.09”

𝑊
<B = B + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 19
= 134° 40’55” + 0° 20’ 34.61 (2⁄12)

=134° 47’ 24.96”

𝑊
<E = E + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 19
= 76° 10’ 20” + 0° 20’ 34.61 (4⁄12)

= 76° 13’ 34.98”

6. A triangle traverse was measured with the same precision. The following interior angles were

found to be:

Angle Value(°) No. of Measurements

A 62 5

B 78 6

C 41 2
 Determine the MPVs of A, B, and C.

Angle Value(°) No. of 1

W=X

Measurements

A 62 5 1
5

B 78 6 1
6

C 41 2 1
2

∑𝒗 = 𝟏𝟖𝟏° ∑𝒙 = 𝟏𝟑 WT = 𝟏𝟓
𝟏𝟑

Solution:

Error = Correct measure – Measured value

= 180°- 181°

Error = -1°

𝑊
<A = A + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 62° + (-1°) (5⁄15)

= 61° 46’ 9.23”

𝑊
<B = B + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 77° + (-1°) (6⁄15)

= 77° 48’ 27.69”

 𝑊
<C = C + Error (𝑊𝑡)

1 13
= 41° + (-1°) (2⁄15)

= 40° 25’ 23.08”

7. Two observers measured an angle 10 times on two separate days. The results retrieved are as

follows: (14)

Observer

A 42°16’24’’± 3.2’’

B 42°16’22’’± 1.6’’

Solution:

Observer Value PE E2 W RW P

A 42° 16’ 24” 3.2 10.24 0.09765625 1.00 42°16’ 24”

B 42° 16’ 22” 1.6 2.56 0.390625 4.00 169° 5’28.00”

12.80 0.48798125 5 211° 21’ 52”

a) What’s the probable weight of A and B.

1
A. W= 𝐸2

1
= 10.24

= 0.09765625
 1
B. W= 𝐸2

1
= 2.56

= 0.390625

b) What’s the sum of the weight of A and B.

∑= A+B

=0.09765625 + 0.48798125

= 0.48798125 or 0.49

c) What is the most probable value of the angle.

∑𝑃
MVP = ∑𝑅𝑊

211° 21′52"
= 5

MVP = 42° 16’ 22.40”