[ Collocations/expressions | eed A Complete the blanks with the verbs follow, have or take. ____aphotographipicture ____ action onstn the blame for sth aseat ‘a party/celebration _a look (at) fun ameal _____arest/break ____spsaavice ‘an argument/a quarrel sbJsth for granted careot __aholiday turns a meeting ___ orders sthinto consideration _—____atest a measures ____sb by surprise trouble with ______abathisnower _ time ___aheadache/toothache adream place instructions directions one's chance B Read the sentences below. Complete the boxes with the verbs have or take and the blanks with prepositions. 1 Twenty two countries wll part __this year's water polo tournament. 2 Every year we advantage — the Bank Holiday and spend along weekend ata seaside resort. 3 They no respect thelr new teacher. 4 Before setting off on a fishing trip, you must the weather conditions _ account. 5 Doyou anyidea__how to operate this contraption? 61 no intention _ ‘90ing back to school next year. 7 The children couldnt theireyes__ the performing dolphins. 8 David had no option but to responsibility the company’s disastrous performance. ot aitticutty deciding which school to goto next year 10 ‘nonotice__what she says. She's always making up stories. Mt Youneed to more confidence yoursel. 12 Now that Im older, no interest stamp collecting 13 Lamapilot and! alotot pride my work, C Read the sentences and complete them with the correct form of the verbs give, pay, bring or mind. 1 Its been weeks sincelllast__Helen visit. 2 _Henry a ring immediately. He sad it was urgent. 3 What were you doing hiding behind the door? You__meareal shock, 4 The chairperson __the meeting to an end because the members ofthe board could not agree on a plan of action 5 Gerry was kind enough to__mealliftto the rallway station, 6 Passengersareaskedto__the step when disembarking. 7 Whocan__me an explanation forthe rising sea waters? 8 The teacher got angry because nobody was attention to him, =een wut 1 ad the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their definitions on the right by writing the rect number in the box next to each definition. A TAKE 1 The customers were asked to take thelr shoes off before entering the Japanese restaurant. 2 Susan decided not to take on any new responsibilities, 3 The video recorder | bought wasnt working properly, so | took it back. 4 Everybody says take after my mother. 5 The passengers had to walt over thirty minutes before the aeroplane finally took oft 6 After retiring, teven took up bowling to keep himself occupied, 7 My brother will take over the company now that my father has passed away. {8 Why did you take off without saying goodbye ast night? 9 The furniture takes up too much space and the kids have nowhere to play. 10 He must have been tired because he didn't seem to take in anything | was saying B cLose, KNocK 1 The police had closed off the highway In search of the escaped prisoner. 2 The funfair was closed down because ofits terible safety record 3 The force ofthe ball hitting his head knocked him out col 4 They had no choice but to knock down the old warehouse. 5 Cycling on the footpath is prohibited due tothe danger of knocking down/over pedestrians, C CLEAR, CLEAN, DROP 11 The misunderstanding will be cleared up as soon as he gets here. 2 Students are asked to clean out their lockers atthe end of the school year. '3 We were detained after school in order to clean up the laboratory. 4 Could you please drop me off atthe railway station? 5 He had aig fight with hs parents because he decided to drop out of college. 6 You wouldn't believe who dropped in yesterday at my place! {eave the ground fully understand look tke, resemble ‘gain control of fi, occupy return begin, become interested in remove leave suddenly without telling anyone accept demolish cease, stop operating Isolate, prevent from being used/accessed make unconscious hit and cause to fall down visit without warning empty and clean leave somewhere resolve, explain clean thoroughly leave without finishing the CORN A. complete the blanks with prepositions. Adjectives ‘Nouns Verbs disgusted reason putthe blame sb envious. athreat____sb _____sth aulty ‘getitake the blame _ sn patient EE ‘ream. Popular —_ accusesb_____sth escape shocked arestsb_ sth ight. bth suspicious, blame sb sth forget _sth 2 sth sentencesbunit 1 B Read the following sentences and complete them with prepositions. 1 Whydolalwaysgetthe blame __ everything that goes wrong? 2. The whole country was shocked the President's sudden death 3 Goth parties puttheblame___each other the collapse of peace negotiations 4 Jane's friends were envious her rise to fame and fortune. 5 Don'tblameme. the misunderstanding. I tried my best, 6 The well-known businessman was sentenced three years in jail for fraud. 7 People are usually suspicious_politiclans making promises during election time. Cencaeekoo A Read the text below and complete each blank with one word. Sree eee) ‘The production of items made of gold dates back to ancient Egyptian and Minoan times, when gold was panned () the alm of making golden bowls and cups. Gold was usually found in river beds, 2) in @ ‘to pan for gold. a circular dish (pan) was filled with @ ‘mixture of sand and gravel that contained gold, So (4) to ‘obtain the gold, this mixture was held undera stream of water and swirled (5) that the lighter parts ‘would slowly wash away and the gold particles would collect atthe bottom of the pan, 1 ©. {gold was a scarce metal, it was used as a form of exchange, and 7) Itbecame the basis for international transactions. Over time, new mining techniques developed and elaborate methods were adopted because(8) the demand for gold o = to Its huge reserves, South Africa has always been the world’s leading supplier of gold ao) the discovery of gold in California and Australia in the 1840s. Golds stored in reserve by many governments, In Fort Knox, USA, alone, there are thirty-eight blion dollars worth of gold bars secured behind a twenty-ton door. In (1) of these resources, however, financial circles predict a decline in the demand for gold. Gold was oncea powerful currency, (12) nowadays itseems to have lost much ofits giter. B Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence has a similar meaning to the first. Begin with the word(s) given. 1 They never help the poor even though they are very wealthy Despite 2 However well he performed, he didnt win the first prize. Nomatter___ 3 Even though | was sick. | ried not to fall behind with my homework. Sick 4 In spite of his disability, he managed to get on with his if. Although ee 5 She's so friendly that everyone wants to hang out with her. She's such 6 Allflights were delayed yesterday because there was an accident on the runway. Due ey : ————{© Inspiteot/Despite the cold weather. they wentswimming, ‘Wecanitusathecompany-eartortogeoutintheevening— Inspiteot/Despitethefactthattheweather wascoki, they went Wecaritusetthe company ca for going outintheevening. 7 Anspteot/despte + roun/thefacttat/ingform) [Although the weather was cod they went swimming 7 ‘Though the weather wascol, they went swimming. 7 (hough although /even though +clause) ‘The ight was cancelled because theairtraffic controllers were constrike 7 ‘Theflight was cancelledbecause of theair-‘rafic controle strike. 7 ‘Theflight wascanceled because of theatr-trattic controlersbeingonstrike. / ‘The fight wascanceted becanse ot their tattc COMTOETS~ — (because clause ofreason because of ¢nourv -ingform) © Wecaritusethe company cartogooutintheevening Wecantusatiecompany-carfortogoing eutintheevening- Go +infntvefor+ineform expressing purpose) (© Hewakes up eatly soasnottobelatefor work 7 Howakesupeaty-soastonotbeleteforwori— He wakes upeatly inorder nottobelatefor work 7 Howakasupearvinordertonotbeieteforwor-~ Ha wakasupeanienettonelntetorarai Goasnottoand inorder notto express negative purpose) © Tmgoingtobuy acarsothatIcan getto workaster Thoughtacarso that could getto workcaster. (Gothat+can/may/willexpress purpose with present/ © Tmtaknganumbrellaincase trains. 7 Ttookanumbrellaincasettrained. / “iookanwmnbrella easel wonldeain- (@onotusewil/would after incase) (© Thefiimwassoboringthat!nearlyfllasieen / Nwassoboringa fm that nearly fellaslep. 7 Rwassuchaboringtiim that] nearly telasleep./ ‘Thetba.waseuchboringthatineatlytelcicen~ vvassuchboring Elm Usetinmartetiestecr Se Pronounced © Although Eventhough /Though tt wasraining heavy, they went ona daytrip. Inspteot/Despite the factthatit was ainingheavilythey went conaday trip. Inspteot/Despitetheheavy rain they went ona day tip. ‘They worked hard but they didnt manageto nish the projectontime. ‘However hard they worked, they didett managetofinish the projectontime. "Nomatter how hard they worked they dldnttmanagetofinish theprojectontime. Jane wastitfeeling well soshe dnt goout. ‘Jane didnt gooutbecauselas she wasnt feeling well ‘Since/As Jane wasn feoling well she dri gout Notfeeling wel Janedldntt goout. Jane didrit go outbecause ot due tonotteeing well “Jane didnt gooutbecause ot/duetothe fact thatshe wasnot fectingwell “Thechuld wasrescued because thelteguards acted immediately ‘Thechild wasrescueddueto/thanksto /owingtothe Meguards immediateaction © Whatever hetelisme,Idontbetievehim. {donttbelievehimno matter whathetellsme Weamivedat healrport early because wedlidnot wanttomiss theplane, Weamtvedattheattporteatty inorder /soas nottomissthe plane. Weantvedat heairport early sothat we woulditmiss the plane Weamvedatthe airport early for fear of missing theplane. ‘Wearrivedattheairport early for fear (ha) wemight miss the plane. Weleftearly inorderto/soasto/togettherein time ‘Weleftearty sothat we could/wouldgetthereintime Weleftearly witha view o/withtheaimot gettingtherein ‘ime. “There wassomuch smokethat we couldritseeanything ‘There wassuchalotofsmokethat we couldritsee anything. Hisheart wasso weakthathe dnt survivethe operation. Hehadsucha weakheart thathedldnt survivethe operation. ehadsoweaka heart thathe did survivethe operation. Hisheart wastoo weaktosurvivethe operation. isheart wasnitstrong enough tosurvivetine operation. © © ©wom ti eect arte) A. choose the correct answer. 1. The church has set up a charity withthe aim funds for the refugees. a of raise beraising ¢.of ralsing .to raising 2. I took photos of the baby so as. tomy friends abroad, a. tosending clean send them ‘I could send d.tosend 2 You should have more confidence yourself if you want to succeed. a. for bin cat of 4. They are _ nice people that everyone likes them, a.such basucha eso d.aso ', “Look at Shella! She's so beautiful isn't she?"* Yeah, she has taken her mother.” a.atter b.over con dup B Complete the second sentence so that it has similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given ‘unchanged. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Although the police suspected him, they didnt arrest him. Despite = 2 However busy she Is she always makes time for exercise. matter She always makes time for exercise, suspicious 3 There was so much trafficon the road that | was an hour late lot There was. 4 The operation was cancelled because it was considered risky, due The operation was cancelled 5 The puzzle was not easy enough for them to do, so The puzzle 6 He wants to buy anew computer, so he is saving up. aim Heis saving up 7 He braked suddenly to avoid hitting the old man. as He braked suddenly 8 Hels proud of his work, but he isnot arrogant. pride 9 That accident was so frightful that Il never forget it. such Even twas 10 He uses two alarm clocks in order nat to wake up late. that He uses two alarm clocks 10. ‘She was heavily dressed ‘eatching cola. a.dueto despite because of 4.for fear ot He walked in quietly, wake up the baby. 4.50 as not to b.soastonot sas don't d.soasto don't the weather was fine, we decided to 0 for a swim. as b.Because ot While d.Dueto "You know |have nothing to do with allthis messt Don't puttheblame me” ain boon cat autor Take a jumper with you in case it colder at night a, will get c.gets ‘would get 4d. getting .the police didnt arrest him, shes, ‘on the road that | was an hour late. Involved, couldn doit, ‘anew computer the old man. his work, he is not arrogant. never forget it wake up late.unit] ~, On Cie Use the correct form of the words in the boxes to complete the sentences in each group A-Ibelow. You may use some of the words more than once. In some cases, more than one word may be correct. A stop avoid forbid prohibit ban prevent escape |) 1 Smoking has been _ Inall public places. 2 The examiner asked the students to writing and put down their pens. 3 The government has taken strict measures to accidents on motorways. 4 Itake these pills to ‘getting seasick while travelling by boat. 5 For reasons of hygiene, animals are toenter hospitals. 6 Shetried to her husband from informing the authorities. 7 She was lucky to a conviction for shoplifting. B blame accuse arrest charge convict _ sentence 1 The police Mr Jones and him with assault 2 Despite the student's protests, the teacher her of cheating, 3 Theman was of murder and totwenty years in prison, 4 Dont__ Us for the broken window, we weren't playing football this morning C GGiein smoarce) oat 1 Much to our ‘we had to wait for over an hour to purchase the tickets. 2 Despite the media hype, the concert was a real 3 Lwish to make a(n) about the quality of the food. 4 Don't make false ‘when you dont have proof. D (Giae purse rant elo 1 Astraydog______mehome today and 'm thinking of keeping it 2 My brother and | used to ‘each other around the house when we were young. 3 Police have been. the terrorists for weeks now but still haven't found them, 4 He wanted to {a career in engineering : @& .. =e 1 John has tofind a good for being late, otherwise he'll get into trouble. 2 The of the meeting is to discuss next year's plans. If you can't attend it, you must havea good asthe. is to get everybody's opinion. 3 The carelessness of the driver was the of the fatal accident,unit]. F ob steal burgle lack deceive cheat lie shoplit_blackmal ) 1 The criminat’ innocent looks. people into trusting him, 2 "Don't tome. know you werent at school today!” shouted my mother. 3 Ourhouse was last night and all our valuables were 4 Twoterrorists ______the plane and made the pilot change course. 5 Thestudent tried to during the test, but the teacher caught him and took away his paper. 6 Asateenager, Bob from the local store and was even caught once. 7 Twomen the bank on Elm Street this morning. 8 kim_ John by demanding $1000 so that she wouldn't reveal his secret. ae | 1 I’sdangerousto__ people on the head, 2 Thechild was ________byavicious dog and had to be taken to hospital. 3 Shenever on the door before entering. 4 Some football hooligans started to ‘each other ater the match, so the police had to Intervene. 5 Hereceiveda severe on the head, which left him unconscious. 6 The church clockin the vilage square began to ten, HH rovber thiet burglar kidnapper convict criminal_plekpocket victim hostage! 1 the demanded one mition dolasas ransom forthe release of her 2A snatched the old ladys handbag trom her am 3 The__________responsblefor breaking into te at next door have been caucht Xo aS cer ten en 5 Most ofthe gang's __ were ola people ving on thelr own. 6 Theescaped_ was caught within 24 hours 7 When youtravealaysbewaryot__________. who ean steal you wallet without you ealsng it 8 JacktheStabber sone of he countrys mostwanted ______——__ tissald that has murdered ten people, ae ae | ni _____toturnot ne TV ist night. soit was let on al night ong 2 Wscruelto__________petsas they rely on thelr owners. 3 whys BUN? Arent they taking to each other anymore? 4 dont want people to know Iwas involved inthis projet so my name rom the credits 5 Ive the concer tickets upstairs. Could you get ther?ES ay et eae SL Cod | Peery ileal Reeder O oan etter car sepa tar eiel averse erence | beteve > beevale= tha canbe blved + Some adjectives in -able deriving from verb roots have a different meaning: | agree agreeable (=pleasant) | Pee ais oe tee Oe eae ace ee eee eet ee nearest aoe | + When the verb root ends in-ate, the -ate is replaced by -able, Invtate % iritable tolerate > tolerable + When the verb root ends in-e, the -e is dropped before the ending -able, unless there is a vowel, acor ag before the-e. admire > admirable notice % noticeable change * changeable. + Adjectives in -able form adverbs in -ably: prefer preferable > preferably Verb Root [ Adjectives verb ible ‘+ Many adjectives in ible signity that what the verb describes can be done. accessible = that can be accessed + Some other common verbs that form adjectives in the same way are: convert, digest, resist and sense. + When the verb root ends in -d or «de, the -d /-de changes into-s before the ending ible: comprehend > comprehensible divide - divisible + When the verb root ends in «mit, the -t changes into -ss before the ending -Ible. permit - permissible + Adjectives in-Ible form adverbs in bly: sense - sensible - sensibly VerbRoot l ere a + Some other common verbs that form nouns in the same way are: rob and trick. + When the verb ends in - or -er, the -e/-er is replaced by -ery. discover > discovery forge > forgery err Perens Pee eae tolerate tolerant - tolerance + Some verb roots form only nouns in ance, not adjectives in ant: Dstt > assistance attend > attendance’unit 1. + Some adjectives and nouns which derive from verb roots do not follow the rules presented above: 1 appear > apparent appearance perform % performing performance insure + insured > insurance please > pleasant > pleasure interfere interfering > interference signity > signiticant - significance obey > obedient - obedience Porroey ] Dee teed Sl TC Rd + Nouns in ant referring to people signify a person that does what the verb describes. + Some other common verbs that form nouns in the same way are: account, attend, consult, contest, defend, depend, inhabit and serve. + When the verb root ends in ate or +, the -ate/-y are replaced by -ant. immigrate > immigrant occupy > occupant + Be careful with the noun (person) deriving from the verb apply. apply % applicant Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals. 1 Ihave to buy a bookasim ____atcooking. COOK, HOPE. 2 Therehasbeena____————__ change inhiis behaviour lately. NoTICe 3 My friend wasin for a(n) —__ ____surprisewhenhe saw that hishousehad PLEASE been BURGLE 4 The food at the restaurant was —___ but the service was awful TOLERATE 5 Icantstandthis_____neat have to buy an alr-conaitioner. BEAR 6 Thisdiseaseisstii_ == soitis tobe extra CCURE, ADVISE careful. 7 Many students lack in when it comes to _ CONFIDE, SPEAK English. BHeis_ clever for hisage. REMARK 9 Some students aretotally__and their behaviour in general ‘oBey a ACCEPT 10 Kelly's house was not. —againstfire,sothe INSURE, INSURE ‘company will not pay for the damage. 11 He waschargedwith____and was imprisoned for six years. FORGE 2) ce bBo ns nn ot ay QU RTE FORGET, ENJOY 13 Visa ‘must have their passports with them. APPLY 14 Despite his young age, he behaved very SENSE GOI A Read the text below and decide which answer A, 8, Cor D best fits each space. A WILD HUNT Living ina modern society, we cannot () the acts of crime that take place every day. Criminal activity ranges from stealing to the more serious crimes of kidnapping and murder. Just recently. hunt was on fortwo men who@)_______ an off-licence in broad daylight. The shop owner tried =unit] all the police, but he received a severe blow to the back of his head, which let him unconscious. It appears that the two 3 ____ hadplanned everything very wellsincethey(4)___ ‘getting caught. They were en getting on their motorbike holding guns by two policemen in a patrol car, who started (6) them, 6) the robbers managed to get away through the back streets. All exits from the city were closed po Immediately. Even the airport was put on alert and flights were delayed, as strict security measures were (®) and all passengers were asked to give proof of ther identity. Many people considered this oulsance and were shocked (9) these tactics. So, they put the (10) _ forthe situation on the police and (11) them of incompetence. In the end, the police (12) esponsibility forthe setbacks, 1 Algnore B neglect € forget D omit 2 Astole B robbed € shoplited D hijacked 3 Acriminals B convicts € pickpockets burglars 4 Rescaped B avoided C prevented D stopped 5 Arresting B chasing hunting D following 6 A Despite B Therefore © Although D However 7 Aeown B off Cup D away 8 A taken B followed € put D made 9 Awith B about from Dy 10 Afautt B accusation C blame D cause A charged B accused € blamed D convicted R_Asot B recognised € took D received B Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals. ‘umber of people fel that washing with antibacterial CONSIDER thing to do. Unfortunately, thelr —~ SENSE has led them to believe that these soaps are IGNORE to normal ones. However, research has shown that there Is PREFER between washing with ordinary soap or soap DIFFER antibacterial agents.t has also been CONTAIN, proved that being too clean actually has (7) DESIRE effects, as our (8) donot become Boy (9) Sto germs This 00) RESIST, DISCOVER. has come asa surprise, especially to those who believe that bacteria, have to be fought with every means known to man.