OPERATING THEORY AND CIRCUIT MODELING

The basis of how a transformer works lies in Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction, which describe
the relationship between voltage and magnetic flux in two electrical circuits sharing a common path for
magnetic flux. The first electrical circuit – or primary coil – when energized creates a magnetic flux that
flows through the iron core, mutually inducing a voltage in the second circuit – or secondary coil. The
secondary voltage created is defined by the equation:

di
e=M (1)
dt

Where e=induced EMF

M= mutual inductance

That induced secondary EMF, has a magnitude as expressed by the following equation:

N 2 dφ
e 2=v 2=
dt

Wher