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EIR Semtest 2 - Semester test 2 2019

Electrical Engineering (University of Pretoria)

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Department of Electrical, Electronic Departement Elektriese, Elektroniese

and Computer Engineering en Rekenaar-Ingenieurswese

Semester Test 2 Semestertoets 2

Memorandum Memorandum
Copyright reserved Kopieregvoorbehou

Module EIR 211 Module EIR 211

15 May 2019 15 May 2019

Assessment ID Assesserings ID
2019EIR211S02 2019EIR211S02

Test information / Toetsinligting

Full marks: 45 Maximum marks: 45
Volpunte: Maksimum punte:
Duration of paper: 90 minutes Open/closed book: Closed book
Duur van vraestel: 90 minute Oopboek/toeboek: Toeboek
Total number of pages (including this page): 8
Totale aantal bladsye (hierdie bladsy ingesluit):

IMPORTANT / BELANGRIK
1. The English text of this question paper will be given precedence in the interpretation of the
content.
Die Engelse teks van hierdie vraestel sal voorkeur geniet met betrekking tot die interpretasie
van die inhoud.
2. The departmental rules relevant to electronically graded assessments apply.
Die departementele reëls met betrekking tot elektronies-gemerkte assesserings geld.
3. Answer all questions on the answer sheet provided at the back of the question paper.
Beantwoord alle vrae op die antwoordblad wat op die laaste bladsye van die vraestel voorsien
is.
4. Unless the answer is an integer OR there is not enough space on the OCR form, round all
answers to two decimal places.
Rond al die antwoorde af tot twee desimale plekke tensy die antwoord ’n heelgetal is OF die
antwoord nie in die gegewe spasie op die OCR vorm pas nie.
5. Answers without units or with the incorrect units will be marked incorrect.
Antwoorde sonder eenhede of met die verkeerde eenhede sal verkeerd gemerk word.
6. Complete the answer sheet in pencil. Use a clean eraser to erase mistakes.
Voltooi die antwoordblad met ’n potlood. Gebruik ’n skoon uitveër om foute mee uit te vee.
7. For multiple choice questions, write down the number corresponding to the correct answer on
your answer sheet.
Vir meervoudige keuse vrae, skryf die nommer wat ooreenstem met die korrekte antwoord op
die antwoordblad.
Internal examiner: Prof L. Zhang
Interne eksaminator:

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Question 1 / Vraag 1 (2)

For the voltage waveform shown below, determine: / Vir die spanningsgolfvorm in
Figuur 2, bepaal:

v(t) (V)

10

0 2 4 6 8 10 Time (s)

-10

(1) rms value of the voltage / wgk-waarde van die spanning (2)

Solution:

(1) According to definition

s s Z
2 Z 4
1 T

1
Z
vrms = 2
v (t) dt = 2
(5t) dt + 2
(−10) dt = 8.17 V
T 0 4 0 2

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Question 2 / Vraag 2 (3)

A flat conductor (width and thickness irrelevant) with a mass of 200 g and length
6cm (into the page) is put into a uniform magnetic field as shown in the figure
below. The flux density is 4.0T. If the objective is for the conductor to levitate (float
in mid-air):
‘n Plat geleier (wydte en dikte is irrelevant in die geval) met ‘n massa van 200 g en
lengte van 6 cm (in die bladsy in) word in ‘n magneetveld geplaas soos getoon in
die figuur hier onder. Die vloeddigtheid is 4.0 T. Indien die doel is om die geleier te
laat dryf:

Gravity: a = 9.81 m/s2 / Gravitasie: a = 9.81 m/s2

(2) How much current is required in the conductor? / Hoeveel stroom word in die
geleier benodig? (2)
(3) In which direction must the current flow? Select the correct number: / In watter
rigting moet die stroom vloei? Kies die korrekte nommer: (1)
1 = Out of the page / Uit die bladsy uit
2 = Into the page / In die bladsy in
3 = Upwards / Opwaarts
4 = Downwards / Afwaarts

Solution:

(2) From

f = ilB = mg ,

we have
mg 0.2 ∗ 9.81
i= = = 8.175 A
lB 0.06 × 4

(3) into the page: 2

Question 3 / Vraag 3 (11)

A load draws 60 kVA at a lagging power factor of 0.85 from a source v (t) =
12 cos(314t) kV. / ’n Las trek 60 kVA teen ’n nalopende drywingsfaktor van 0.85
vanaf ’n bron v (t) = 12 cos(314t) kV.

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Determine: / Bepaal:

(4) The load current IL ,

Die lasstroom IL , (2)
(5) the apparent power drawn by the load,
die skyndrywing wat deur die las getrek word, (1)
(6) impedance of the load,
impedansie van die las, (2)
(7) the active power drawn by the load,
die aktiewe drywing wat deur die las getrek word, (1)
(8) the reactive power drawn by the load,
die reaktiewe drywing wat deur die las getrek word, (1)
(9) complex power supplied by the source,
komplekse drywing wat deur die bron voorsien word, (2)
(10) and the size of capacitor to be connected in parallel to the load to raise its
power factor to 1.
en die grootte van ’n kapasitor wat in parallel met die las verbind moet word
om die drywingsfaktor tot 1 te verhoog. (2)

Solution:

(4)

|S|
IL = acos(pf ) = 5 −31.79◦ A
|V |

(5) 60 kVA

(6)
V 12000 0◦
ZL = = = 2400 31.79◦ Ω
IL 5 −31.79◦

(7) PL = S × pf = 51 kW

(8) QL = S × sin(acos(pf )) = 31.61 kvar

(9) S = PL + jQL = 51 + j31.61 kVA

QL
(10) C = w |V |2
= 6.99 × 10−7 F

Question 4 / Vraag 4 (8)

The circuit shown below is a simplified representation of three-phase power sup-
ply system. Answer the questions below using the following information: / Die
stroombaan hier onder getoon is ’n vereenvoudigde voorstelling van ’n drie-fase
kragtoevoerstelsel. Beantwoord die vrae hieronder deur die volgende inligting te
gebruik:
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a Zline Ａ
Vab
Zline ZL
Vca
b B ZL
Vbc ZL
c Zline C

Vab = 110 30◦ V,

Vbc = 110 −90◦ V,
Vca = 110 150◦ V,
Zline = 1 + j2 Ω and / en ZL = 9 − j6 Ω.

Determine the following for the circuit using Van as the reference vector:
Bepaal die volgende parameters vir die stroombaan deur Van as verwysing te ge-
bruik:
(11) Vbn (1)
(12) Phase sequence of the three-phase source, write 1 for positive or 0 for nega-
tive in the numerical field.
Fase volgorde van die drie-fase bron, skryf 1 vir ’n positiewe en 0 vir ’n
neagtiewe volgorde in die numeriese veld neer. (1)
(13) Line voltage at the load side VAB
Lynspannings aan die kant van die las, VAB (2)
(14) Line current Ia
Lynstroom, Ia (2)
(15) The complex power delivered to the three-phase load
Die komplekse drywing wat deur die drie-fase las geabsorbeer word (2)

Solution:
Use per phase analysis. First convert the Delta source into Y by
Vab
Van = √ −30◦ = 63.51 0◦ V
3
(11) Vbn = Van ∗ 1 −120◦ = 63.51 −120◦ V
(12) positive: 1
√
(13) VAB = 3 ∗ Ia ∗ ZL ∗ 1 30◦ = 110.47 18.11◦ V
Van
(14) Ia = Zline +ZL
= 5.896 21.80◦ A

(15) S = 3 ∗ Van ∗ Ia∗ − 3 ∗ |Ia |2 ∗ Re[Zline] = 938.79 − j417.24 VA

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Question 5 / Vraag 5 (6)

A linear circuit is represented by a Thévenin equivalent circuit with VTh = 100∠0◦ V
and ZTh = 10 + j8 Ω. /
’n Lineêre stroombaand word voorgestel deur ’n Thévenin ekwivalente stroombaan
met VTh = 100∠0◦ V en ZTh = 10 + j8 Ω.

Answer the following questions: / Beantwoord die volgende vrae:

(16) What is the load impedance that will receive maximum average power from
this circuit?
Wat is die grootte van die las-impedansie wat die maksimum gemiddelde dry-
wing van die stroombaan gaan ontvang? (2)
(17) What is the maximum average power received by the load?
Wat is die maksimum gemiddelde drywing ontvang deur die las? (2)
(18) What should the load impedance be to receive maximum power from this cir-
cuit if the load must be purely resistive?
Wat moet die las-impedansie wees om maksimum drywing van die stroom-
baan te ontvang as die las suiwer resistief moet wees? (2)

Solution:

∗
(16) ZL = Zth = 10 − j8 Ω
|Vth |2
(17) PL = 4×Re[Zth ]
= 250 W

(18) R = |Zth | = 12.81 Ω

Question 6 / Vraag 6 (15)

For the given magnetic core below, you must ultimately calculate the energy stored
in the airgap and the inductance of the coil. Below is a list of parameters you might
need. Calculate only those needed and fill in the answers on your OCR sheet.
/ Vir die magnetiese kern onder getoon, moet jy uiteindelik die energie wat gestoor
word in die luggaping en die winding se induktansie bereken. Onder word’n lys
van parameters gegee wat jy dalk sal benodig. Bereken slegs die parameters
wat benodig word en vul jou antwoorde in op die OCR vel.

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Subscripts: c = core, g = airgap / Onderskrifte: c = core, g = airgap

(19) F (26) φ2
(20) Ag in cm2 (27) φ3
(21) R1 (28) Bg
(22) R2 (29) Wvg in J/m3
(23) R3c (30) Wvc in J/m3
(24) R3g (31) Energy stored in the gap
(25) φ1 (32) Coil inductance

Solution:

(19) F = Ni = 900 At

(20) Ag = (2 + 0.5)(2 + 0.5) = 6.25 cm2

l (6+6+8)×10−2
(21) R1 = µAc
= 6000µ0 ×4×10−4
= 79577.47 At/Wb

l (8)×10−2
(22) R2 = µAc
= 6000µ0 ×4×10−4
= 31830.99 At/Wb

l (6+6+8−0.5)×10−2
(23) R3c = µAc
= 6000µ0 ×4×10−4
= 77588.03 At/Wb
lg (0.5)×10−2
(24) R3g = µ0 A g
= µ0 ×6.25×10−4
= 6366197.72 At/Wb
F F
(25) φ1 = Rtot
= R1 +R2 ||(R3c +R3g )
= 0.008089743 Wb

(26) φ2 not needed and no mark awarded to it.

R2
(27) φ3 = φg = φ
R2 +R3 1
= 39.77 µWb
φg
(28) Bg = Ag
= 0.064 T

Bg2
(29) Wvg = 2µ0
= 1610.67 J/m3

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(30) Wvc not needed and no mark awarded to it.

(31) Wg = Wvg × Ag × lg = 0.005 J

N2
(32) L = Rtot
= 20.22 H

Formula sheet / Formule blad

F NiµA
φ = BA = µHA = R = l µ = µr µ0 µ0 = 4π × 10−7
2
f = ilB e = Blu Wv = B2µ
rms |2
|Vth
Qc P(tan θ1 −tanθ2 ) N2 |Vth |
C= 2
wVrms
= wVrms2 L= R Pmax = 8Rth = 4Rth

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