EJERCICIO N° 1

Resuelva completamente la parrilla mostrada, por el método matricial de los

desplazamientos:

GJ= 1200 TN-m²

EI= 1500 TN-m²

Solución:
1) Se empieza numerando las barras, los nudos y orientando los elementos:

2) Calculamos [k’] las propiedades

BARRA 1
GJ 1200
= =400
L 3

2 EI 2(1500)
= =1000
L 3

4 EI 4(1500)
= =2000
L 3

6 EI 6(1500)
= =1000
L² 3²

12 EI 12(1500)
= =666.67
Lᶟ 3ᶟ

BARRA 2
GJ 1200
= =240
L 5

2 EI 2(1500)
= =600
L 5

4 EI 4(1500)
= =1200
L 5

6 EI 6(1500)
= =360
L² 5²

12 EI 12(1500)
= =144
Lᶟ 5ᶟ

BARRA 3
GJ 1200
= =400
L 3

2 EI 2(1500)
= =1000
L 3

4 EI 4(1500)
= =2000
L 3

6 EI 6(1500)
= =1000
L² 3²

12 EI 12(1500)
= =666.67
Lᶟ 3ᶟ
 Elaboramos el cuadro de resumen (kN y m)

BARRA L GJ/L 2EI/L 4EI/L 6EI/L² 12EI/L³

1 3 400 1000 2000 1000 666.67
2 5 240 600 1200 360 144
3 3 400 1000 2000 1000 666.67

3) Hallamos [K] = [B] ⸆. [k’]. [B]

BARRA 1

∝ C S
0 1 0

[ ]
1 0 0
[R ]= 0 1 0
0 0 1

BARRA 2

∝ C S
90 0 1

[ ]
0 −1 0
[R ]= −1 0 0
0 0 1

BARRA 3
 ∝ C S
180 1 0

[ ]
−1 0 0
[R ]= 0 −1 0
0 0 1

4) Calculamos [k ' ] de cada barra

BARRA 1

[ ]
400 0 0 −400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 −666 .67 −1000
0 1000 2000 0 −1000 1000
[ k ' ]1=¿ −400 0 0 400 0 0
0 −666 . 67 −1000 0 666 .67 −1000
0 −1000 1000 0 −1000 2000

BARRA 2

[ ]
240 0 0 −240 0 0
0 144 360 0 −144 −360
0 360 1200 0 −360 600
[ k ' ]2=¿ −240 0 0 240 0 0
0 −144 −360 0 144 −360
0 −360 600 0 −360 1200

BARRA 3
 [ ]
400 0 0 −400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 −666 .67 −1000
0 1000 2000 0 −1000 1000
[ k ' ]3=¿ −400 0 0 400 0 0
0 −666 . 67 −1000 0 666 .67 −1000
0 −1000 1000 0 −1000 2000

5) Hallamos [
[B]= [R] [0]
[0] [R] ]
BARRA 1

[ ]
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =¿
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

BARRA 2

[ ]
0 −1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =¿
0 0 0 0 −1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

BARRA 3
 [ ]
−1 0 0 0 0 0
0 −1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
[ B ] =¿
0 0 0 −1 0 0
0 0 0 0 −1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

6) Hallamos [ k ]

BARRA 1

[ ]
400 0 0 −400 0 0
0 666 . 67 1000 0 −666 .67 −1000
T
0 1000 2000 0 −1000 1000
[ k ] 1=[ B ] 1∗[ k ' ]1∗[ B ]1=¿
−400 0 0 400 0 0
0 −666 .67 −1000 0 666 .67 −1000
0 −1000 1000 0 −1000 2000

BARRA 2

[ ]
144 0 360 −144 0 −360
0 240 0 0 −240 0
360 0 1200 −360 0 600
[ k ] 2=[ B ] T2∗[ k ' ]2∗[ B ]2=¿ −144 0 −360 144 0 −360
0 −240 0 0 240 0
−360 0 600 −360 0 1200
 BARRA 3

[ ]
400 0 0 −400 0 0
0 666 . 67 −1000 0 −666 .67 1000
T
0 −1000 2000 00 1000 1000
[ k ] 3=[ B ] 3∗[ k ' ] 3∗[ B ]3 =¿
−400 0 0 400 0 0
0 −666 . 67 1000 0 666 .67 1000
0 1000 1000 0 1000 2000

7) Hallamos [ K ]

{ Q }=[ K ] { D }

{ } [ ]{ }
{Q1 } { D1 }
¿ ¿
{Q2 } = ¿ ¿ { D2 }
{Q3 } ¿ ¿ { D3 }
¿ ¿
{Q4 } {D 4 }

[ K ¿ ] =[ K 11 ]1+ [ K 11 ] 2+ [ K 11 ] 3

[ K ¿ ] =¿
[ 400 0 0
0 666 .67 1000
0 1000
+
144 0 360
0 240 0
2000 360 0 1200
+
][
400 0 0
0 666 .67 −1000
0 −1000 2000 ][ ]
[ K ¿ ] =¿
[ 944 0 360
0 1573 .34 0
360 0 5200 ]
8) Ensamblaje del vector de cargas de fijación

{Q} = {ℝ} + {F}

BARRA 1:

−120∗1.72∗1.3
Mº Y 12= =−50.09
9

120∗1.32∗1.7
Mº Y 21= =38.31
9
120∗1.7+50.09−38.31
Z º 12= =71.93
3
120∗1.3−50.09+38.31
Zº 21= =48.07
3
Mº X 12=Mº X 21=0

BARRA 2:

−32∗25
Mº X 13=−Mº X 31= =−66.67
12
32∗5
Zº 13=Zº 31= =80
2
Mº Y 13=Mº Y 31=0

BARRA 3:

Mº Y 41=Mº Y 14=0

Zº 41=Zº 14=0

Mº X 41=Mº X 14 =0

9) Cálculo de [ r ' ] de cada barra:

BARRA 1:
 { }
0
−50.09

{ }
[ r ' ] 1=
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 2 }
=
71.93
0
38.31
48.07

BARRA 2:

{ }
−66.67
0

{ }
[ r ' ] 2=
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 3 }
=
80
66.67
0
80

En la Barra 2 no coinciden los sistemas de coordenadas, por lo tanto:

{r }2=[B]{r ' }2

{ }[
{r ' 1 }
{r ' 3 }
= [R] [0] ]{ }
{r 1 }
[0] [ R] {r 3 }

∝=90 º

Falta ¿

[ ]{ }
1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 ¯ 50.09 −50.09
[ r ] 1= 0
0 ¯1 0 0 0
38.31
{ }
0 1 71.93 = 71.93 = {r 1 }
{r 2 }
1 0 0 38.31
0 0 1 48.07 48.07
 [ ]{ }{ }
1 0 0 −66.67 −66.67 0
0 1 0 0 0 −50.09
80 71.93
[ r ] 2= 0 0 1 80 = =
¯1 0 0 66.67 −66.67 −38.31
0 ¯1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 80 80 48.07

10) Ensamblamos [R ]

{ }{ }
R1 {r 1 }1+{r 1 }2 +{r 1 }3
R {r }1
{ R }= 2 =
R3 {r }2
R4 {r }3

{ }{ }
{ }{ }{} { }
0 −66.67 0 −66.67
−50.09 + 0 + 0 −50.09
71.93 80 0 151.93

{ } { }
0 0
−50.09 −50.09
71.93 71.93
{ R }= =

{ } { }
−66.67 −66.67
0 0
80 80

{ } { }
−66.67 −66.67
0 0
80 80

Como {F}, entonces:

{ ℝ } = {R} - {F}
 {}
{ }
−66.67
−50.09
151.93

{ }
0
−50.09
71.93
{ R }={ R }−{F }=

{ }
−66.67
0
80

{ }
−66.67
0
80

{ }
{Q1 }
{Q2 }
11) Hallamos {Q }=
{Q3 }
{Q4 }

{}
{ }
66.67
50.09
−151.93

{ }
0
50.09
−71.93
{ Q }=−{R }=

{ }
66.67
0
−80

{ }
66.67
0
−80

12) De los valores anteriores tomo : {Q L }

{Q L }=[ K ¿ ] +{D L }

Para el problema:

{Q1 }=[ K 11 ] +{D1 }

 { } { }
66.67 D1 x
50.09 =[ K 11 ] D1 y
−151.93 θ

{} { }
D1 x 66.67
−1
D 1 y =[ K 11 ] 50.09
θ −151.93

{ } { }
D1 x 66.67
−1
D 1 y =❑ 50.09
θ −151.93

{ }{
D1 x

}
0.08398 m.
D1 y = 0.03184 m.
θ −0.03503 rad .

13) Cálculo de fuerzas de extremo de barras:

BARRA 1:

{d }= { }{ }
d1
d2
{ D1 }
{ D2 }

Hallamos {d } :

{ q ' } =[ k ' ] +{d ' }

{d ' }1=[ B ] ⸆ 1 +{d }1

[
{d ' }1= [R ]⸆ [0 ]
{d 1 }1
[0 ] [R] ⸆ {d 2 }1 ]{ }
[ ]{ }
1 0 0 0.08398
'
{d 1 }= 0 1 0 0.03184
0 0 1 −0.03503

{ }
'
0.08398
{d 1 }= 0.03184
−0.03503
 BARRA 2:

{d ' }2=[ B ] ⸆ 2 +{d }2

[
{d ' }2= [R ]⸆ [0 ]
{d 1 }2
[0 ] [R] ⸆ {d 3 }2 ]{ }

[ ]{ }
0 1 0 0.08398
'
{d 2 }= −1 0 0 0.03184
0 0 1 −0.03503

{ }
0.03184
{d ' 1 }= −0.08398
−0.03503

BARRA 3:

{d ' }3=[ B ] ⸆3 +{d }3

[
{d ' }3= [R ]⸆ [0 ]
{d 1 }3
[0] [R ]⸆ {d 4 }3 ]{ }
[
−1 0

0
0 0.08398
{d ' 2 }= 0 −1 0 0.03184
0 −1 −0.03503 ]{ }
{ }
−0.08398
{d ' 1 }= −0.03184
−0.03503

14) Empleamos:

{q ' }n =[ k ' ] n+ {d ' }n n = 1, 2, 3

BARRA 1:

{ }[
q '1
=
[ k ' 11 ] [k ' 12]
q ' 2 1 [ k ' 21 ] [k ' 22] ]{ }
1
d '1
d '2 1

{q ' 1 }1=[ k ' 11 ]1 {d' 1 }1

 [
400 0 0
{q ' 1 }1= 0 666.67 1000
0 1000 2000 ]{
1
0.08398
0.03184 =
}{ }
33.592
−13.803
−0.03503 1 −38.22 1

{q ' 2 }1=[ k ' 21 ]1 {d ' 1 }1

[ ]{
0 0
}{ }
−400 0.08398 −33.592
{q ' 2 }1= 0 −666.67 −1000 0.03184 = 13.803
0 −1000 1000 1 −0.03503 1 −38.22 1

BARRA 2:

{ }[
q '1
=
]{ }
[ k ' 11 ] [k ' 12 ] d ' 1
q ' 3 2 [ k ' 21 ] [k ' 22 ] 2 d ' 3 2

{q ' 1 }2=[ k ' 11 ]2 {d' 1 }2

[ ]{ }{ }
240 0 0 0.03184 7.6416
'
{q 1 }2= 0 144 360 −0.08398 = −24.70392
0 360 1200 2 −0.03503 2 −72.2688 2

{q ' 3 }2=[ k '21 ]2 {d ' 1 }2

[ ]{ }{ }
−240 0 0 0.03184 −7.6416
{q ' 3 }2= 0 −144 −360 −0.08398 = 24.70392
0 −360 600 2 −0.03503 2 9.2148 2

BARRA 3:

{ }[
q '1
=
[k ' 11 ] [k ' 12 ]
q ' 4 3 [k ' 21] [k ' 22 ] ]{ }
3
d'1
d'4 3

{q ' 1 }3=[ k '11 ]3 {d '1 }3

[ ]{ }{ }
400 0 0 −0.08398 −33.592
{q ' 1 }3= 0 666.67 1000 −0.03184 = −56.2568
0 1000 2000 3 −0.03503 3 −101.9 3
 {q ' 2 }1=[ k ' 21 ]1 {d ' 1 }1

[ ]{ }{ }
−400 0 0 0.08398 33.592
'
{q 4 }3 = 0 −666.67 −1000 0.03184 = 56.2568
0 −1000 1000 3 −0.03503 3 3.19 3

GRAFICAS
 DIAGRAMA DE CORTANTE

 DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTO FLECTOR

 DIAGRAMA DE TORSION