ASPEK

AN EXPERT SYSTEM OF REMOTE RADIOACTIVE RECONNAISSANCE

Система управления и передачи данных

Навигационная managment
система NaJ(Tl) Детектор

V=100км/ч
HPGe Спектрометр
Высотомер
H=100м
R=160м

ASPEK, a system for applications and reconnaissance

ASPEK is a complex multipurpose system, designed to conduct from the

aircraft board remote radioactive (chemical and thermal 1) area
reconnaissance as well as operative control of radioactive situation of vast
territories.

It is a new generation system, in which modern know-how and technical decisions, advanced
informational technologies, last achievements of nuclear physics are implemented. It makes the
system competitive for dozens of years.

ASPEK has a module structure, which allows to install it at the aircraft of any type, incl. aircraft
and ground means of transportation.

The system consisting of on-board and ground units allows to fulfil the complete range of works -
from reconnaissance, which includes picking up and analysing of radioactive situation by targets
and objects, to making maps of radioactive fields without using additional units.

The system software allows to modulate the aircraft routes before reconnaissance starts in order
to increase its effectiveness.

ASPEK could be effectively used in the framework of

1
The system architecture allows to broad its functions by linking to it the following devices:
thermal scanner - direction finder, chemical analyser-identifier of toxins, to conduct thermal and
chemical reconnaissance.
 nuclear-radioactive;
 thermal;
 chemical;
 bacteriologic
remote reconnaissance.

ASPEK allows to fulfil the following tasks:

 to conduct operative observation, estimation, prognosis of radioactive situation under the battle
actions, in case of incidents and catastrophes at the nuclear and chemical objects;
 to defend state border from non-allowable transit by means with nuclear components, to
conduct operative radioactive control of automobile, railway and water ways at the state territory,
incl. border areas, to prevent state terrorism;
 to conduct inspections of nuclear and military objects concerning the existence, identification
and location of nuclear components and munitions at the territory of different states, inspections
of moving means and ships concerning the existence of nuclear armament on the board;
 to control potentially dangerous objects linked with production, exploitation and storage of
nuclear components;
 to give international assistance in conducting inspections of territories and water areas in order
to locate the possible objects of nuclear technologies and materials and to conduct radioactive
monitoring.

Modern technology of remote reconnaissance

Remote reconnaissance methods from the aircraft have several substantial advantages
comparing to the ground and space methods.

There are:
 operative reconnaissance of a certain selected object ( territory, road, mean of transportation,
ship, etc. );
 high trustworthiness of the results of measurements;
 obtaining of information on radioactive situation at the vast territories at the real-time mode;
 high space resolution concerning real ground objects;
 personnel security during reconnaissance;
 economic effectiveness ( low price of reconnaissance );
 high productivity of the study of selected areas and high volume of obtained data;

Full automatization of the on-board reconnaissance procedure allows to obtain information at the
real-time mode 1.000 times quicker, than by ground methods with higher accuracy and low price
of works.

The methods of the remote reconnaissance made with ASPEK system

The method of aerial surveying is as follows:
An aircraft equipped with ASPEK system flies on the tacks above the area to be studied by routes
laid at the Gaus-Kruger system of co-ordinates. The net is practically a rectangle with a pitch,
which is enough to obtain the accuracy, set in advance. To obtain the detailed map of the area
contamination the net of the selected area is a rectangle with a horizontal pitch 500 m, for a large-
scale map - 2 km ( at the expense of main and additional meridian routes ). The aircraft speed
could vary from 60 to 1.000 km/h, altitude 50 - 1.000 m and higher. Information is detected by a
specialised on-board computer and could be sent to the ground station via special communication
channel or satellite informational channel.

During the flight the following data is diplayed at the monitor at the real-time mode: an aircraft co-
ordinates obtained automatically from the satellite navigation system unit ( accuracy 30 m );
spectral compound of nuclear contamination concerning real objects; dose and power of
radioactive emanation. The contamination map could be obtained directly at the aircraft board or
at the ground station. Ground complex, which could be based at different computer plates,
receives the data, obtained at the flight, and gives complex information: distribution of radioactive
spots at the studied territory, their identification, power and dose of radioactive emanation and
topographic co-ordinates.

ASPEK system consists of:

 mobile on-board module equipment;

 specialised multiprocessor system of survey and processing;
 system of the physical parameters detection;
 Navstar; Glonas navigation satellite system;
 ground-based equipment.

Brief technical characteristics:

- the range of registered gamma-radiation energies, kev............................................. 30 - 3.000

- the main error of energy measurement ( under stabilised energy scale )...............................10
- resolution ability on energy for Cs-137, %.................................................................................8
- the range of registered activity for Cs-137 at the altitude H=100m, Ku/km 2 .................0,01-120
- the range of registered power of gamma-radiation dose, mP................................0,005-10.000
- radiation detectors ( 1 -10 units ) Nal (Tl) dimensions, mm...........................................200x100
- software and apparatus stabilisation of the measurement channel, unstability,% ................0.1
- type of the registered radio nuclides.................................................. Rn, Ra, Th, Cs, K, U, etc.
- the possibility of detection of P-0,95 gamma-sources with minimum activity, mKu.................10
- error of determination of the aircraft co-ordinates.............................................................. +/-30
- activity limits not less than, h............................................................................................10.000
- weight of the device, kg........................................................................................................... 60
- voltage of the autonomous or on-board power supply, V........................................................27

Addition:
1. The system could be designed in accordance with a concrete order.
2. Guarantee and service are provided.
3. The personnel is trained to use equipment.
4. The system modification is possible to fulfil other functions.
Enclosed:
1. The map of radioactive contamination
2. Reaction of a point source - altitude 800 m
3. Imitation model of the distribution of spots and the method of system search.
 Other spheres of use
ASPEK could be effectively used in the following spheres:

Geological search

 remote search for the deposits of non-radioactive minerals - Cimberlit pipes, Tantalum,
Niobium, rare and gold-ore deposits;
 remote search for the Uranium deposits;
 remote search of the oil deposits.

Ecology

 radiation, chemical, thermal monitoring of the environment in order to ground the character and
volume of preventive actions to provide industrial and ecological security;
 organisation of the background and crisis monitoring and technogenic control - tracking and
control of unhealthy chemical substances, radioactive contamination and determination of their
distribution at the region;
 prognosis of extremal situations of natural and technogenic character on the basis of
monitoring data;
 conduction of ecological expertise to support and make managing decisions on the questions
of rational using of nature and providing of the population security;
 estimation of the sea contamination by oil products and other polluting substances;
 detection of soil and reservoir areas contaminated by heavy metals, oil products and other
toxic substances;
 detection of the areas where plants throws down sewage to the reservoirs.

Extremal situations

 situation estimation in case of natural and technogenic incidents;

 selected remote control of potentially dangerous objects (oil reservoirs, oil- and gas pipe-lines);
 conduction of operative area reconnaissance of radioactive and chemical contamination,
detection of the contamination character and type;
 detection, estimation and prognosis of the development of incident situation as a result of the
radioactive and unhealthy chemical throws off, fires;
 determination of the incident’s and catastrophe’s scale with simultaneous determination of the
hitting co-ordinates and limits;
 control of the oil and gas pipe-lines’ state by thermal and chemical components in case of
extremal situations;
 detection of the leakage sections from the underground oil, gas, heat and water pipe-lines;
 prognosis, detection, tracking and making maps of the fires;
 searching of the wrecked aircraft, ships and ground transport by thermal and chemical
contamination.
 INEMS
Ecological and Medical Systems Institute has been working for a long time at the sphere of the
environmental protection and population health. The solving of problems of the reduction of the
consequences of the Chernobyl accident has become one of the main tasks of the INEMS
institute. The Institute has participated in the following projects in the framework of the state
programs of Ukraine, Russia, Uzbekistan as well as by the order of non-governmental
organisations:

 conduction of the complex environmental nuclear monitoring;

 creation of the system of prevention, prognosis of extermal situations of natural and
technogenic character ( incidents at the potentially dangerous objects of nuclear power
engineering, chemical factories, during the transportation of dangerous cargo );
 conduction of the total radiological dispancerization of population.

The Institute specialists are fulfilling the following research and construction works in the
framework of international and regional scientific programs:
 ecological problems of nuclear power engineering;
 informational and equipment systems for nuclear power engineering and complex
estimation of radioactive situation;
 creation of systems for remote detection of radioactive sources of low intensity with
displaying their area distribution and identification of isotope compound by the gamma-
radiation spectrum;
 complex estimation of the geological and environmental state of regions liable to the
radioactive contamination from the natural or technogenic sources;
 conduction of the area environmental monitoring, detection of the sources of
radioactive and chemical contamination ant their localisation;
 creation of medical diagnostic systems to estimate human inner radioactive
contamination.

Several unique measuring systems now serially produced have been created. There is a high
demand for them in Russia, Kazakhstan, Byelo-Russia, Uzbekistan.

The works of the Institute have been exposed at the international expositions in South Korea,
Brussels, Paris, Gannover, Verona and have been distinguished with a golden medal and
diplomas.

Our devices are used in scientific researches, nuclear power engineering, environmental
monitoring, at the control systems of personnel working with radioactive materials, estimation of
the population health.

The Institute offers standard systems as well as systems made by the order, which could meet
your demands in the sphere of nuclear security, biological dosimetry, environmental monitoring,
ecology.

The Institute would be glad to participate in joint realisation of environmental projects, supplying
its production in the framework of joint venture and in other forms of co-operation.