this practicum entitled alcohol and phenol.

The purpose of this practicum is to distinguish between

alcohol and phenol by using a chemical reaction.

Alcohol is a compound containing the -OH functional group, this -OH group is covalently bonded to a
carbon atom in the alcohol molecule and the molecule is not ionized in aqueous solution to give OH-
only ions. The general formula for alcohol is R-OH while its functional group is -OH (hydroxyl group).
phenol is known as an aromatic organic compound with its functional group, namely hydroxy (OH).
The difference between alcohol and phenol is that the OH group in the alcohol compound is
attached to the hydroxyl carbon atom while the functional group is attached to the aromatic ring
carbon (Roar, 2021).

the basic principle in this lab is the solubility test and its reaction with alkaline point. The working
principle in the first experiment is to drop measuring mixing and observing the point in the second
experiment which has the same working principle as the first experiment, namely dropping
measuring mixing and observing.

the function of some of the tools and materials used is the test tube which functions as a place for
reacting 2 solutions. tube rack as a place to put test tubes with a number of points of beaker, which
functions as a container for distilled water as a sterilizer for used pipettes. dropper pipette and
measuring pipette function to move liquids on a small scale from one medium to another. the
stirring rod serves to help the solution become homogeneous.

the function of several materials, namely n butyl alcohol tertiary butyl alcohol phenol and
cyclohexanol function as the solution to be tested, while distilled water and sodium hydroxide are
function point testing solutions in each treatment such as measuring so that the results obtained are
suitable for mixing and shaking so that the change in reaction can be seen. with the following
observations:

1. solubility test
0.5 milli phenol which was initially red after being mixed with 2 milli distilled water, the color
of the solution remained red but a sediment was found, whereas when cyclohexane n butyl
alcohol and butyl alcohol were mixed with 2 milli distilled water also was not found 8 This
proves that phenol is insoluble in water whereas ethanol dissolves well in water. This is
because if a nonpolar group such as an alkyl group is attached to the aromatic ring the
solubility of phenol in water will decrease. alcohol has a hydrogen atom with a positive
partial charge which will interact strongly with oxygen atoms which are electronegative and
have lone pairs from other molecules.
2. reaction with alkali
0.5 ML phenol which was initially red was treated so that the phenol was red after being
reacted with 5 milli NaOH 10% to produce a gray solution and there were two layers of color
change points that occurred due to structural changes. the structural changes that occur in
phenolphthalein are typical for all indicators of the phenol group. P 0 which is colored red in
wet conditions due to its resonant ion structure. phenol returns to colorless as seen in the
addition of more concentrated language due to the change in structure to carbinol.
phenol is more acidic than alcohol so that when reacted with NaOH it will produce sodium
salt or sodium oxide wherein phenol has polar properties that can dissolve in NaOH by
releasing a proton into 1 anion that dissolves in NaOH which will become sodium peroxide.
in alcohol when reacted with NaOH it will dissolve because 1 NaOH is PH close to 7 so that it
makes it difficult for both to react and also the long carbon chain makes it difficult to
dissolve in NaOH
The result of the reaction between phenol and NaOH is **** while cyclohexanol is reacted
with NaOH to produce the reaction equation. From the observations obtained by the
reaction equation tert butyl alcohol reacted with NaOH to produce the reaction equation
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