MBSE-Volume 2019-Issue 55 - Page 379-432

‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ‬
‫*‬
‫ﻟﺘﻼﻣﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺼﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﻱ‬
‫ ‬
‫ ‬
‫‪< <]‚Âc‬‬
‫‪@ @‡¼a@‡È@¶bÈß‬‬
‫
دא ‬
‫‪< <Í]†c<k‬‬
‫†‪@ @È¾a@ñ‡jÇ@‡È@æbèîu@O‬‬ ‫‪@ @ÝîÇba@åy@†ìà«@O@†Nc‬‬
‫" سא*) ('אمא‪ , -‬‬ ‫אذאمو א ‬
‫ ‪ .‬א‪ -‬א‪ "# /‬א‪ 0*/1‬‬ ‫"! א אא ‪ $%& "#‬‬
‫@ @‬
‫@ @‬
‫@ @‬
‫@ @‬
‫@ @‬
‫‪@ @ñŠì—ä¾a@òÈßbu@M@òîÇìäÛa@òîiÛa@tì¢@òÜª‬‬
‫@ @‬
‫‪RPQY@ìîÛìí‬‬
‫‪@ @@M@HUUI@†‡Ç‬‬
‫‪ 2"("34‬دא‬
‫*‬
‫ ‪!" >/89 :5"67‬אא)‪797‬وא=<‪7‬אجא*)?"‪A‬א*@א‪C‬ولא= אد‪ ,‬‬
‫‪٣٨٠‬‬
‫‪D4 E‬א‪ -‬א‪ – /‬د‪٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ‬

‫ﻟﺘﻼﻣﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺼﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﻱ‬
‫‬
‫***‬ ‫**‬ ‫*‬
‫
‬ ‫‪
/‬‬ ‫‪
/ Nc‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‬
‫" " א א ‪ W‬‬
‫‪W‬نمא‪2N" N>ESN7: N9 7: N>TUN -‬א‪N9R‬وא‪NP1‬د‪Q‬ذאא‪7N‬א‪MNONP‬‬
‫‪29.:‬و‪ *]^._:‬א‪7"\Z/ C‬א!'א> ‪[P‬نא‪NY'NXZN/ C‬א‪N>X‬مא>‪ N‬‬
‫א> ‪ NN‬وא‪ NN 9 -‬وא" ‪[NN >، NN‬نא ‪ ]NN‬אمو ‪aNN‬א ‪NN‬مא‪ NN 1 NN 9 -‬א ‪ ]NN‬אم‬
‫אلوא‪'!(9
"C‬א‪b:cdMeP f‬א‪ K9R‬‬
‫و‪iM‬א
‪0‬א=" وא‪ :"1‬א‪ANXN! jNkM‬אא‪7*N‬و"‪hN6W2N"N!7N!iN‬‬
‫‪M‬א‪/‬אא‪ am‬و! א‪*:‬ل\א‪n6-6C‬وא‪jlZm‬א"‪M‬א‪[ 1‬ن‪:‬א‪AXo‬א‬
‫ و[ن‪:P23)P:‬א‪ #‬א‪q‬א‪o6‬א(‪r P‬مو‪@Ni:‬א‪q‬א‪oN6‬א‪jN9j:MN N p‬‬
‫>!א‪،U -‬و‪ :‬א‪ _6C‬א‪ 9 -‬د" [ ‪M‬א‪ -‬א‪tu[ ،
9 s‬א‪ 71‬ن‪M‬و‪/T‬‬
‫א‪ NN>X[MNN7NNws‬א‪_NN/‬طא ‪MNN‬ودو‪0‬א‪NN‬ل‪ NX[cNNdMNN‬א‪x‬א‪ NN -‬وא‪2NN"0NNP‬و‪aNN‬‬
‫‪7NW‬א‪Z‬א‪N،5!/NN1‬ذא‪{NN‬نא‪M(N95!/NN1‬א‪ NN>cNNdf‬א‪yNNzNNN>/‬نא‪_N/‬ط‪'X(NN9‬א‪ NTf‬‬
‫‪0AXMeP‬א> و‪M (9‬א_‪x‬א‪1‬א‪zoX‬و‪ NT‬א‪'!:‬و"‪'|N‬وא‪ N‬אد‪N>'X‬‬
‫‪>9‬א‪_/‬ط‪NT29N.:M‬א‪N<2N" >N N>#‬لא‪ N>1‬א‪ _N6} N‬א ‪ N‬‬
‫א‪ ]1‬‬
‫و‪[ ~bA 6‬نو‪a‬א=موא'‪[MRP/9‬ن‪8N:‬א‪tNuN#‬א‪N/‬س‪MN‬‬
‫א‪ P‬א‪ "XUA‬دא
[ن‪0AXo/:‬א‪t"#‬א‪#‬א‪M s‬א‪N‬‬
‫و‪M‬ذ‪2" b‬א] אمא‪#/.‬א‪M0 9 q‬و‪a‬א=موא'"‪cd#[2‬אدא‪Z‬‬
‫א‪*j>1‬א‪<2"z‬ل> א ‪$9‬و‪AX‬א‪c‬אد‪0‬א‪2" s‬و‪aN‬א=‪N‬م‬
‫‪M‬א> א> ‪[K‬نא(א " ‪:‬م‪M‬א‪[P‬نא‪ >Y'1‬א> و‪AX‬א‬
‫‪[M :‬ن"‪ >(9‬א‪7‬د‪ 0(/9 T‬و‪e*TnT‬א""‪MNMP( >9‬א‪AN‬א‪07‬و‪N9‬‬
‫‪MeR‬א_]* ‪9nT‬و‪AXM‬א‪:‬م( ‪#‬ند‪?U9‬א' >? ‬
‫* [ذא=مو א "! א אא ‪$%& "#‬‬
‫" سא*) ('אمא‪ –, -‬א‪ -‬א‪ "# /‬א‪0*/1‬‬
‫**‬
‫
دא‬
‫***‬
‫‪٣٨١‬‬
‫ ‬
,‫ولא= אد‬C‫א*@א‬A"?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫> "!אא‬/89 :5"67
‫ س‬N N:‫[ن‬NN !‫ אس[ن‬NN1‫א‬U N N‫א‬MNN ,NN -‫مא‬NN r a*NN <‫א‬MNN X‫ و‬NN
P‫ א‬NN#‫و‬
M)*NN‫א‬NN>‫ א‬NP M‫א‬NN‫א‬ANN"‫א‬2N"NN#‫ אد‬N‫ وא‬N#‫א‬7<=‫*) وא‬NN‫نא‬NN/‫א‬oN
NNl2NN. NN‫!'و‬NN<‫دא‬M)*NN‫א‬NN>‫אא‬NN!" NN>/:‫و‬M)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<‫*) وא‬NN‫ א‬NN6/‫و‬
Wf‫א‬M(a7‫א(لא‬M
)P‫ א‬._1‫א‬
M)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<‫وא‬7NN97)‫אא‬NN!" NN>/MP9 N :M)NNl5"NN67 NNU N "NN"?
K?‫؟‬U‫א*@אولא אد‬A"
W ‫وضא א‬7
MNN NN 9. ‫א‬0 NN‫سא‬NN "MNN NN /‫אدא‬7NN [Z‫&[دא‬NN a*NN ‫ א‬NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN NN#: K١
KU P‫א‬cP‫א‬
5"NN 6\‫א‬NNw7:29ANN ‫א‬ANN"‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN"&NN a*NN‫ א‬NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN N #: K٢
K5"6\‫א‬M‫_א‬929A‫وא‬M ‫א‬
M)*NN‫אجא‬7N<‫'א‬N:MNEDN/9‫وא‬AN‫א‬FANN"‫&א‬N 9*N‫ א‬N‫وقذאد‬7N N#: K٣
K )*‫نא‬/‫و"!אא‬
‫אج‬7N<Z‫سאدא‬N"MNU NP‫א‬Z‫وאدא‬MNP‫א‬Z‫&אدא‬N a*N‫وقذאد א‬7 #: K٤
KU P‫א‬Z‫!אא*) *אدא‬1‫وא‬M)*‫א‬
W ‫> א א‬X[
)*NNtNN>‫&א‬NN 7NNl‫وא‬C‫ א‬NN9:MNN‫م‬N|‫א‬NNX‫ دو‬NN 1‫*) א‬N‫א‬MNNZmNN‫א‬ZN‫ א‬K١
K? 1‫א‬t>‫א‬M|.^[‫ع‬/:‫و‬e{‫وא‬eP‫> وא‬.‫ً] אمא‬P*< 1‫א‬
NN6MNN NNT ‫א‬,7NNd‫و‬NN"1‫א‬tNNuMNNAN>‫א‬o9 N:MNN )*NN‫א‬0 NT2NN@_NN.‫ א‬K٢
K? 1‫א‬t>‫ &א‬X7_6‫"و‬1‫ אولא‬:‫و‬
KA"‫א‬U U /‫א‬e.‫> א‬/:MX‫ *) دو‬K٣
PNNX7_NN6‫ل‬NN<2NN"ANN"‫א‬U N NN ‫د‬C‫ وא‬NN9R‫* א‬NNs‫א‬,7NN
:‫*) [ن‬NN2NN. K٤
K ‫ دא‬7"‫و‬o/9 ‫د‬C‫"
א‬C‫א‬
‫ل‬NN<2NN"M6‫و‬NN‫א‬MN>q‫א‬NN>‫\אא‬NN<zNN‫א‬o(NN.:‫[ن‬MNNNNX‫ دو‬NN 1‫*) א‬NN K٥
K )*‫!אא‬1‫א‬z(‫ א‬6{."Wo6#f‫_طא‬/‫ א‬u
W ‫א א‬x‫ א‬X[
‫אج‬7N<=‫وא‬7N97)‫אא‬N!" N>/:89 N:5"N67 NMNx7N‫א‬W?(Na7‫א‬x |‫א‬
KU‫א*@אولא אد‬A"M)*‫א‬
W?X 7‫א‬x‫ א‬XC‫א‬2" >E!/‫ع‬79‫و‬
–M)*N‫א‬39 Ns‫\–א‬N‫א‬F )*N‫نא‬N/‫אא‬N!"AN"‫א‬z(N‫א‬M ‫(!'א א‬: K١
KEKM)*‫א‬e:.9.‫ل–א‬1‫–א‬M)*‫א‬797‫–א‬M)*‫א‬c)‫א‬
٣٨٢
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
MNN0 N T'X7NN
‫א‬MNNEDNN6=‫–א‬ANN‫א‬FANN"‫&א‬NN ‫وق‬7NN‫ א‬NN7"f‫ א‬NN‫א א‬x N !: K٢
K )*‫!אא‬1‫א‬z(‫א‬
NN.‫א‬7q‫א‬7Nl/‫ وא‬N‫א‬7P‫א‬7Nl/‫א‬MNx7N‫وא‬M)*N‫אجא‬7N<‫אא‬N!" N>/: K٣
KM)*‫אجא‬7<‫> א‬M‫(] م‬:f‫א‬
‫א‬N!"2N"A>‫!א‬P(.9M‫א‬0\‫ضא‬79UA‫"א‬.1‫א‬5"6\‫ مא א ذج‬: K٤
K‫*^]* א‬0 9 (
NN <‫*) دא‬NN ‫_ א‬NN 6C‫ א‬NN cNN 97
2 )*NN ‫نא‬NN /‫אא‬NN !"ANN "‫א‬z(NN ‫ א‬K٥
K 1‫א‬
K #‫א‬7<‫א> א‬7l/‫و‬M)*‫אجא‬7<‫"!אא‬A"‫א‬z(‫ א‬K٦
K0A/: ‫א و‬6[‫و‬M)*‫> א>א‬X{ A"‫א‬U "1‫> א‬/: K٧
W !/1‫אא‬Z‫א‬7#‫א‬
N>‫&א‬N>‫* >'א‬N MP97‫ א‬P^5!/1‫א‬M ‫א> א א‬W ‫א א‬5!/"
K>|U P‫?وא‬P‫ وאسא‬P97‫ وא> א‬m‫א‬
2N"0AN>:‫אو‬AN>:E٣٠F0 N‫وא‬N‫אم‬NT&N/M ‫א א‬cP:'9W ‫ א א‬/
U7NN <‫ وא‬NN P97‫ א‬NN >‫א‬X N N‫א‬NN
> NN 9‫ אسא= אد‬N N1‫א‬U N N U‫ אد‬N N=‫ولא‬C‫*@א‬NN ‫א‬
K >‫قא א‬7^0‫ وא دא‬-_1‫ א‬9‫א אد‬0P/ "MX‫ و‬m‫א> א‬
Wf‫ א‬/‫א<א‬MoP(‫א‬t#79‫و‬
K! 1‫ *) א‬a*<‫>א‬:3
P‫ن>א‬." (١)
cNP:M&(/q‫وق &א‬7‫سא‬T2.f ‫و‬D6‫وא‬A‫א‬2" 1‫'א‬m: (٢)
K5"6\‫א‬
N6."‫_طوא‬N/‫*א‬N2N"0‫د‬N‫א‬fN ‫ و‬N".s‫ אسא‬N1‫א‬2N" 1‫\א‬:
K 1‫!א*) א‬/ 2"‫ و‬l‫_ א‬6‫א‬#‫א‬2"0‫אزא‬X7:M‫א‬
W ‫ ودא‬s‫א‬M ‫>
ودא א‬:W ‫ ودא א‬
W w"‫ ود‬J١
‫א‬N!" N>/MP9 N:M)Nl5"N67 N?MN!N‫عدא‬w"
P‫ دא‬3
K?U‫א*@א=ولא= אد‬A"M)*‫אجא‬7<‫وא‬797)‫א‬
W 6."‫ ود‬J٢
NN ‫قא‬7NN ^0‫ دא‬NN :MNN X‫ و‬-_NN 1‫ א‬NN 9‫א אد‬0NN P/ NN "MNN NN ‫א א‬cNN P:
Wf‫ א‬/‫א<א‬MoP(‫א‬t#79‫א> و‬
K! 1‫ *) א‬a*<‫>א‬:3
P‫ن>א‬." -١
٣٨٣

cNP:MN&(/q‫وق &א‬7‫سא‬T2.f ‫و‬D6‫وא‬A‫א‬2" 1‫'א‬m: -٢

K5"6\‫א‬
NN6."‫_طوא‬NN/‫*א‬NN2NN"0‫د‬NN‫א‬fNN ‫ و‬NN".s‫ אسא‬N1‫א‬2NN" NN 1‫\א‬NN: -٣
K 1‫!א*) א‬/ 2"‫ و‬l‫_ א‬6‫א‬#‫א‬2"0‫אزא‬X7:M‫א‬
W /"‫ ودز‬J٣
M‫ د!אمא א?و‬dM‫א‬0-‫א‬MMP9 ‫א‬5"6\‫א‬A/:f‫א א א‬M(:
NN -‫א‬0‫وزא‬NNX7:MNN‫ א‬NN‫א א‬0-NNoNNR‫א‬MNNMNNX‫و‬٤L٣٠f‫א‬١٠L١2NN"0-NN‫א‬MNN‫ن‬NN.:oNNR‫א‬
N 1‫א‬MN‫م‬N=‫א‬Ma*N<r*NMN‫ א‬N"=‫ א‬N -‫*א‬N‫ل‬N<2N"b‫وא'وذ‬
K?‫@دא‬l. P‫ ل*&א‬MX‫و‬
W 97_ ‫ ود‬J٤
'N9‫و‬EU‫ אد‬N‫א*@אولא‬F?‫ א'א‬7"A":2" /M ‫א א‬cP:
N ‫و‬NPTU NP‫وא‬MNP‫سא‬N‫!'א‬NU7NpxN‫ و‬NP‫و‬o٦٠!"‫א‬T /McP‫א‬
K89 ‫א‬5"6\‫א‬
W ‫[دوאא א‬
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬M)*‫א‬797)‫> "!אא‬/5"67 '>*: J١
K
P‫א אدא‬2" )*‫!אא‬1‫وא‬M)*‫אجא‬7<‫ "سא‬J٢
EM)*‫אجא‬7<‫وא‬797)FZ‫ אدא‬ " T –٣
‫وضא א‬75a6
NN #‫د‬NN "‫?و‬NN P‫א‬cNN P‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫ و‬J١
7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN NNP97‫ א‬NN>>, N P‫א‬cNNP‫א‬
, P‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫وא‬
N#‫د‬N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ مو‬J٢
7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN mNN‫ א‬NN>>, N P‫א‬cN P‫א‬
K?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬
N#‫د‬N"‫ و‬NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW N‫وقذאد‬7N‫د‬#‫ و‬J٣
?)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<=‫وא‬7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN mNN‫ א‬NN>‫א‬
K P97‫*א> א‬
DNN6=‫א‬N#‫د‬NN"‫و‬AN‫א‬NN#‫د‬N" a*NNW N‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬N#‫ مو‬N J٤
K?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uWM
٣٨٤
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
: ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
MNONP‫א‬7N‫ذאא‬Q‫د‬NP1‫وא‬N9R‫א‬2N" N>ESN7: N9 7: N>TUN -‫نمא‬W
N>‫مא‬N>X‫א‬NY'NXZN/ C‫[نא‬P >‫א!'א‬7"\Z/ C‫^]* א‬._:‫ و‬29.:
‫] אم‬NN ‫ א‬NN 1 NN 9 -‫مא‬NN ‫א‬aNN ‫] אمو‬NN ‫[نא‬NN >، NN "‫ وא‬NN 9 -‫ وא‬NN >‫א‬
@NN
‫ א‬NN i‫\و‬NN :‫א‬ANN |‫و‬،NN 9R‫א‬bNN :cNN dMNN ePNN N Nf‫(!'א‬NN 9NN
"C‫لوא‬NN ‫א‬
'NN‫وא‬NN"1‫א‬3NNP ‫م‬NN:‫ذא‬W NN 1‫مא‬NN=‫א‬aNN‫و‬NN!9‫¡د‬:MNN‫@א‬aNNi‫'א‬NNX[2NN"tNN>>
‫[ن‬NN>N
1‫وא‬U‫د‬NNP1‫א‬MN'!¢_NN/:MN0‫אد‬7NN[ (N:‫و‬tNN>‫ א‬NMNNNdMNN‫א‬N.‫وא‬
2NN N N"NN N N._NN N N:‫ א> و‬NN N N>‫א‬x‫ א‬N N N X[cNN N NdMNN N N0ePNN N N NN N N>X[?NN N N 1‫مא‬NN N Nr
‫ א‬NX[cNNdMNN‫ א‬NN"=‫א‬aNN7‫א‬x‫א‬NN!tNN>: NN9j7"0¡NN NN 1‫*) א‬NN‫א=ذא وא‬
‫א‬NN !"‫ و‬NN 9‫אאد‬NN !"z(NN ‫א‬2NN "oNN ‫א‬2NN .k NN 1‫*) א‬NN >XC‫ א‬NN R NN 9 7:
‫*د‬NN"‫قو‬7NN‫*) و‬NN‫א‬NN)‫ אدא‬N‫אא‬NN!"‫و‬M)*NN‫א‬7NN97)‫אא‬NN!"‫و‬ZNN=‫ وא‬NN ‫א‬
‫_ط‬N/‫א‬f‫א‬07N /‫א‬eNR: N‫و‬KE١F!/"‫אد‬71‫א‬coTM!#‫א‬7<W‫"و<אص‬1‫وא‬6P‫א‬
N>/:M _6‫א> א> ~ دوא‬M‫אא‬AXt"‫א א و‬5X/1‫א‬f‫א‬07 /‫א‬eR
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9 s‫ א‬-‫א‬
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٣٨٥

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٣٨٦
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٣٨٧

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cP "‫אز‬0 1‫و[دوאא'وא‬A/‫א‬z[ ‫א‬
The arts journalistW )*‫א‬797)‫ "!אא‬J٢
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K٢٠١٥، ‫"! א אא‬،$%& "#F،0_/"ee(#" ، 9‫א= אد‬
٣٩٣

MN‫א‬N>‫'א‬NT >/:M‫ودو‬, -‫אن?א=مא‬/ E٢٠١٥F'! /9‫ ز‬±[‫א‬6[ ‫دא‬E٧F

E١F?,7*1‫" א'א‬ /"M07‫א‬1‫א‬t>‫و< " א‬
zNU NN!>/:‫אزم‬tN>‫ א‬N" <‫و‬MN‫א‬N>‫'א‬NT 9 df‫א א א‬n X
NN‫ א א‬N>‫وא‬،'NN‫א‬0ANX NN>/:MNN,N -‫مא‬NN‫دوא‬MNNx7NN‫وא‬7*N"MNN‫م‬NN‫'א‬N‫א‬
K'‫א‬0AX l7U‫א‬dM >‫>א‬M)‫א‬Ml‫א‬5!/1‫א‬M
W!/ 2"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:‫و‬
‫ ذא‬N9‫ א אد‬N7> N"‫א‬x‫ א‬NX‫א‬MN />mN1‫א‬tN>‫ א‬N" <‫و‬M‫אنא>א‬
U‫ אد‬N‫'א‬N‫ א‬N7> N"‫א‬x‫ א‬NXC‫مא‬N>X‫א‬MN‫א‬N>0‫א'א‬2"'T$¯
P(NN6MNeNNR‫א‬Z‫אم®א‬-N‫وא‬tN>‫ضوא‬NN<‫'وא‬N‫*א‬NN‫א‬oN N p‫א‬MNNn*N3N
KE٪٩{٩F
'NTZNwMN,N -‫ " אمא‬T,"‫وذج‬5X/> d ‫دא‬Z‫א‬7#‫א‬M>‫א‬
Kt>‫و< " א‬M‫א>א‬
z(Ny !T‫_ א=" و‬6C‫אن? א‬/ E٢٠١٥F'X‫א‬7 ‫ج<א‬7‫و‬7 ‫دא‬E٨F
E٢FW ¢P‫'א> وא‬X1‫? א‬C‫א'א‬2" 6
‫ א‬71‫א‬z
_N6‫ א‬N{ N-" N6‫و‬-.‫لא‬N[ NE NU N" N7"f‫א א א‬n X
K ¢P‫'א> وא‬X1‫ א‬9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬zz(‫א‬M "‫א‬
W!/ 2"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:‫و‬
MN NP97‫>> א‬U P‫وא‬MP‫א&א‬M"& a*‫وقدא א‬7‫د‬#‫ و‬J
KU P‫אسא‬0¨‫א‬M‫و‬3)P‫ א‬T ¢P‫'א> وא‬X1‫א‬
'X1‫א‬M P97‫א>> א‬A>‫وא‬A"‫א‬#‫ &د‬a*‫وقدא א‬7 #: J
KU P‫אسא‬M3)P‫ א‬T ¢P‫ وא(א‬¢P‫א> وא‬
NN" /"MNN07‫א‬NN1‫א‬tNN>‫ א‬NN" <‫و‬MNN‫א‬NN>‫'א‬NNT NN>/:MNN0‫ودو‬,NN -‫مא‬NN‫א‬K'!/NN9‫ ز‬N ±‫א‬0‫א‬NN6E١F

\>PNN،z7NN‫&א‬9NN -‫ א‬NN ‫א‬،07XNN‫א‬F،٦٥‫ع‬،$/NN‫'א‬NN‫ و‬NN -‫א‬MNN NN 7NN‫ دא‬NNE،,7*NN1‫'א‬NN‫א‬
KE‫م‬٢٠١٥
?N‫'א‬N ‫א‬2N" 6
‫ א‬71‫א‬zz( !T‫_ א=" و‬6C‫? א‬W'X‫א‬7 ‫ج<א‬7‫و‬7E٢F
NN‫ א א‬N !"،$NN%&NN NN"#F0_NN/"eNN0‫א‬NN‫ د‬NNK NN6" NN‫دא‬W NN¢P‫ وא‬NN>‫'א‬XNN1‫א‬NN
KE٢٠١٥،‫('אمو אل‬T، R‫א‬
٣٩٤
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
A":z(‫א‬M, -‫دوאمא‬W ‫אن‬/ E٢٠١٥F¦‫א‬M*"'X‫א‬7 ‫א‬0j9j ‫دא‬E٩F
E١FW‫قא‬4 71‫ א‬9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬
N9‫ א אد‬N71‫א‬AN":z(N‫א‬MN, -‫دوאمא‬Mx7‫א‬f‫א א א‬n X
‫ع‬62"E٢FtT‫ א‬U\.‫א‬07X‫א‬2"‫" אس‬n<
P‫א‬n"T‫قאو‬4 71‫א‬
،E٢٠١٤ J٢٠١٣F‫م‬NNcNP
‫א‬U7N#‫ وא‬NN>:‫אدאא‬E٤F‫ د‬N‫و‬ENR NNl<،?N 7‫ص‬N<M"N.F
2N"0‫د‬7N"E٤٥٠F2N" N6." N/MN N‫א א‬Z‫א‬7# l‫א אא‬f‫א א א‬M>/:‫و‬
KU‫"(> (و‬D6‫א‬0A‫א‬2" 9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬A":
,N -‫مא‬N‫א‬aN‫ نو‬N92" P(6W!/"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:‫و‬
KE٪٣٤FnR >a‫ א א دא‬/fu‫א‬2" 1 0‫د‬#1‫א‬
‫زن‬N tNu‫ول‬C‫א‬oN:-‫א‬MNZ#f‫قא‬4 71‫א‬$:M‫אא‬P‫א‬Z# J
cN3N
‫א‬o:-‫א‬M‫و‬E٠{٠٥F‫> زن‬/‫وא‬0s‫א‬Mcs‫א‬M6
‫א‬o:-‫א‬M‫و‬E٠{٠٩F,¢"
KE٠{٠٥F‫א' زن‬M‫א‬
"‫ א‬96
‫א‬zZ‫> אدא‬/:M, -‫אن?دوאمא‬/ E٢٠١٣FU‫ و‬#7 l ‫دא‬E١٠F
E٢FW‫>و‬:
,(N1‫א‬MNzN‫א‬Z‫ ®دא‬N>/:M, -‫אمא‬e{:Mx7‫א‬f‫א א א‬n X
Z*N‫א‬0>N‫א‬3P‫وא] مא‬c_"‫ د‬/9 "z2" /7 6 !#‫و‬2"M
‫وא‬M>‫א‬
K P‫ א‬a‫ א_א‬97 'X<‫א‬²D)P"٨٠٠ /‫אمא‬TO ‫و‬07٢٠2" 6."
W!/ 2"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:
&9(N1‫א‬M'!a‫> ®دא‬/:M, -‫אمא‬e:M0eP # /‫אدא‬7‫ "א א‬J
KM
‫وא‬M>‫א‬
‫م‬NN ‫א‬eNN :NN ·NN P‫وא‬z‫א‬7NN 6NN !#‫و‬MNN a*NN ‫א‬f‫وقذאد‬7NN N N#9 J
KM
‫وא‬M>‫א‬U(1‫א‬M'!a‫אدא‬M, -‫א‬
‫ق‬NN 4 NN 7 1‫ א‬NN 9‫ א אد‬NN 71‫א‬ANN ":z(NN ‫א‬MNN ,NN -‫مא‬NN ‫?دوא‬KNN ¦‫א‬M*NN "'X‫א‬7NN ‫א‬0jNN 9jE١F
N"‫א‬N‫('א א‬NT، NN‫א‬N‫ א א‬N!"،$N%&N "#F0_/"ee(#" K?‫א‬
K‫م‬٢٠١٥،
eNNe(NN#" NN?N ‫و‬NN>: NN"‫ א‬NN96
‫א‬zNNZ‫ אدא‬NN>/:MNN,NN -‫مא‬NN‫?دوא‬KU‫ و‬N #7 NNlE٢F
E‫م‬٢٠١٣، P9-‫ א‬، P "#F0_/"
٣٩٥

9‫ א= אد‬71 1‫א*) א‬tT‫אن?وא‬/ E٢٠١٣Foa‫دא "(د(&< א‬E١١F
E١FWE 6‫ " א‬d ‫دא‬F 9‫אو‬j‫ א‬/9
² N T‫و‬،N P NN9‫אو‬j‫ א‬NN/9 ‫ אس‬N "tPNNMNN )*NN‫א‬tNNT‫ وא‬N lf‫ א‬NN‫א א‬n N X
N 1‫ وא‬N>‫ א‬N 1‫وא‬MN.‫ א‬N^MN‫>ن‬m1‫א‬d0‫وא] אمאدא‬M)(1‫א‬5!/1‫א] אمא‬
K >‫א‬
W!/ 2"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:‫و‬
K "‫ א‬as‫]** " א*)@א‬1‫ א‬as‫ א‬1‫ א*) א‬P(6‫ع‬:‫ א‬J
@)*NN‫ אא‬N l‫א‬MNN'!_NN"2NN"ANN"‫א‬NN!*NNMNN‫א‬0‫د‬NN‫ א‬NN#‫אو‬NN
>: J
K @)l‫ א‬l‫א‬M _1‫א‬Mj)‫"–א‬1‫א‬0‫د‬9‫ز‬M as‫א‬
JN6."‫ א‬N9‫ م‬NMN Nas‫ א‬1‫ א*) א‬#‫א‬:M‫א‬T1‫'א‬X‫>
א‬: J
K )*‫א‬M&**]"&7_"‫د‬#‫ مو‬
M'aTU‫א^د‬5"67 ?‫אن‬/ E٢٠١٣F ±[ >Y ‫دא "{"ن‬E١٢F
E٢)?‫ 'א‬6
‫ א‬s‫א‬zU @/‫@א‬dM 1‫_ א‬6‫א‬
U N@N/‫@א‬NMN N 1‫_ א‬N6‫א‬N NMNx7‫א‬f‫א א א‬n X
N/MNnNP‫و‬MP97‫ א‬P^5!/1‫א א א‬n" ]‫ 'א?وא‬6
‫ א‬s‫א‬z
N‫א א‬n" ]N‫ وא‬NP97‫ א‬N>‫ وא‬mN‫ א‬N>‫&א‬N >(" P‫و‬o٨٠!"‫א‬T
5"NN6\‫ א‬NNn" ]NN‫א‬NN>?NN‫'א‬NN‫א‬2" NN6
‫ א‬NNs‫א‬zNNU N @NN/‫سא‬NN"
'N‫א‬2N" N6
‫ א‬s‫<لא‬2" ‫ א א‬/U @/‫א‬2"@]‫א‬M‫(] م‬1‫א‬U‫א^د‬
KM‫א‬
NN Nd NN N‫دא‬F، NN N9‫אو‬j‫ א‬NN N/9 NN N9‫ א אد‬NN N71 NN N 1‫*) א‬NN N‫א‬tNN NT‫وא‬KoNN Na‫ א‬NN N<&(NN N‫(د‬NN N"E١F
KE‫م‬٢٠١٣F،‫אدن‬،‫אن‬j،‫ د<ص‬E١٥F E،‫وא א‬D)P‫ش‬7# E،E 6‫" א‬
U N@N/‫@א‬N]‫א‬MN 1‫_ א‬6‫ א‬M'aTU‫א^د‬5"67 K ±[ >Y ‫""ن‬E٢F
N/ N -‫ א‬N،U‫אد‬N‫א‬zN/# N"#F0_N/"eNe(N#" N،MN‫'א‬N‫א‬2N" N6
‫ א‬s‫א‬z
E‫م‬٢٠١٣، (/‫('א*) א‬T،
٣٩٦
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
z(N‫א‬MN N 1‫*) א‬N‫دوא‬FW‫אن‬N/ E٢٠١٣F‫زאن‬N‫ א‬N>Y N‫ א‬NP N‫ א‬P ‫دא‬E١٣F
– NN!T ‫ א‬NN ) NN9‫ אسא= אد‬N 1‫א‬ANN":MNN NNP: NN‫دא‬WNN"1‫א‬ANN"‫א‬
E١FE7*"
NN "1 ANN "‫ אدא‬N N"WMNN NN 1‫*) א‬NN ‫دوא‬MNN x7NN ‫ א‬NN ‫א א‬n !NN ‫א‬
K7*"– !T ‫ א‬ ) ]1‫א‬
97_NP‫ א‬N/‫א‬nN6‫و‬،E N 1‫*)@א‬N‫א‬2N"٩٦F )‫ א‬/‫א‬M3)P‫وא> א‬
N>9‫ و‬NNP‫ א‬NNl‫א‬DNN)P‫א‬f‫א‬3NN)P‫אא‬ANNXMNN>/9‫و‬، NN9‫ אسא אد‬N1‫א‬ANN":2NN"E٣٠٠F
Nd0>N‫א‬nN6.3N)P‫[دوאא‬2NN"[ N 1‫*)@א‬N‫א‬2N" N/M"‫א‬¤(1‫א‬5!/"M
@)* N ‫[نא‬f‫א‬3NN)P‫א‬NN<‫و‬K NN9‫ אسא= אد‬N 1‫א‬ANN"0>NN‫ وא‬NNas‫*)@א‬NN‫>ن‬mNN1‫א‬
KA"‫!א‬P(.9M‫"א‬1 p‫ א‬T| as‫א‬
N>/:MN N 1‫*) א‬N‫_طא‬N6‫دو‬FW‫אن‬N/ E٢٠١٣F N9‫دزא‬N>Y N>Y*N6‫دא א‬E١٤F
E٢FE?C‫א'א‬2"f‫ אو‬s‫א‬A":U M>#‫א(¬א‬
NN>/:MNN NN 1‫*) א‬NN‫_طא‬NN6 NN ‫م‬N9UANN‫ وא‬N‫א‬MNNx7NN‫ א‬NN‫א א‬n !NN‫א‬
K?‫א'א‬2"f‫ אو‬s‫א‬A":U M>#‫א(¬א‬
N T‫و‬، NN/ ¤(NN1‫א‬5!/NN"MNN N >:3NN NNl‫א‬NN‫א א‬2NN" NN‫א א‬0ANNX N :‫و‬
N ‫ אسא‬N1‫א‬N ‫ل‬N<2N" N 1‫*) א‬N‫_طא‬N62N" N/M )‫א א א‬n97#[
a‫_א‬N N/MN N‫א א‬nNP‫و‬، N ‫ א‬N N>‫א‬¹N‫و‬،7l7‫و‬،!/ ‫=دאא‬
‫[دوא‬DN N‫א א‬n" ]‫وא‬0‫د‬7"E٤٠١F!"‫א‬T،?C‫א'א‬2"f‫و‬C‫ א‬71‫א‬A":2"
‫>ن‬m1‫א‬d0>‫وא‬M>#‫نو"سא(¬א‬P‫א‬0>‫א‬MX‫و‬6P‫א‬t>q
MNNM)*NN‫\א‬NN‫א‬ZNN#WNN!>X[2NN"‫ن‬NN5aNN/‫א‬2NN" NN>Ef‫ א‬NN‫א א‬nNNl:‫و‬
@)*N‫א‬MNMN>#‫(¬א‬N‫'א‬9 N:‫ و‬N>/:M " ](1‫ א*) א‬9797)‫نא‬/‫" " א‬
e:N.9.‫ א‬N9 N ‫א‬7‫ א‬NP:71‫א‬MN797‫א‬Z#‫א*) و‬0*‫'א‬M)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬9 1‫א‬
KM)*‫א‬39 s‫وא‬c)‫وא‬
MN NP: N‫دא‬WN"1‫א‬AN"‫א‬z(N‫א‬MN N 1‫*)@א‬N‫دوא‬،E٢٠١٣F‫زאن‬N‫> א‬Y ‫ א‬P ‫ א‬PE١F
‫ د‬N‫@א‬9NMNN/ N"#،z‫ אدא‬NN NE،_NN/"3N4،7*NN"– N!T ‫ א‬NN ) N9‫ אسא אد‬N1‫א‬AN":
K١٣٨ J٩٩‫–"سصص‬79/9E٢٦F
Ns‫א‬AN":U NMN>#‫(¬א‬N‫ א‬N>/:MN N 1‫*) א‬N‫_طא‬N6‫دو‬،E٢٠١٣F N9‫>دزא‬Y >Y*6‫א‬E٢F
K!/ "#، /‫ א‬-‫ א‬،0_/"ee(#" ،?‫א'א‬2"f‫אو‬
٣٩٧

‫م‬N!"7_N6MN‫*ل‬N:‫א‬#/.:‫א] אم‬F‫אن‬/ ٢٠١٣‫ א >ن‬± 97^ ‫دא‬E١٥F
WE١FW0 )1‫ א‬7‫ א" אسدو א"אא‬-‫א‬
‫א‬N "‫ א‬NN ‫دو‬MNN 'NN ‫ وא‬NN -‫א‬0‫|وزא‬ANN P:MNN ‫دא‬NN !q‫ولא‬NN /:f‫ א‬NN ‫א א‬n N X
Na‫א‬7‫ א‬P‫> "!אא‬/:M>‫وא‬K!‫א‬7"@]‫ אس‬1‫ א‬790 )1‫ א‬7‫א‬
5"NN67 ‫ل‬NN<2NN" NN/‫אدא‬7NN‫א‬U N NT/‫א‬e.NN‫א‬0NN!"‫س‬NN NN‫ وאدא‬NN)‫ وא‬NN .‫وא‬
M)(NN1‫א‬5!/NN1‫ א‬NN
P‫א‬n" ]NN‫אوא‬K N/‫ א‬NN -‫א‬5!/NN"MNN NN"‫ א‬NN -‫مא‬NN!"2>mNN9
‫دوא‬N07N^P1‫ א‬N 1‫ وא‬N1‫نوא‬PN‫א‬0‫אدא‬MN ‫ وא> א א‬.‫א‬D)P‫א‬5!/"‫و‬
MNN "MNNtNN‫*@א‬NN‫ א‬NN7"NNP‫و‬zNNtNNuMNN NN‫א א‬nNNP‫و‬KNN6P‫א‬tNN>q
'NN&(NNs‫א‬nN/ NNX0eN"‫ א‬NN "‫&و‬/N U6NN
‫?وא‬NN‫'א‬N NN2N N±‫א‬S_N‫א‬
MNnNP‫?و‬N‫مא א‬N‫א‬2N"M6N
‫ א*א‬9‫ א‬M ‫א א‬cP:²‫و‬/ U6
‫א?وא‬
KD/9‫א‬٨٧‫&و‬/ ١٠٠f‫"(> א‬0‫د‬7"١٨٧!"‫א‬T /
W!/ 2"5a/‫א‬2" >Ef‫א א א‬nl:
NN"‫ א‬NN -‫مא‬NN!"‫ل‬NNEMN MNN>‫א‬3NN)P‫א‬MNN NN>aT NN 7 NN‫ددא‬NN#‫ مو‬N
‫] אم‬NN‫ א‬NN@NNi5"‫א‬7NN eNN:MNNNN>‫•א‬K NN>‫(א‬NN¡‫א‬MNNNN!P: NN‫و‬
© 7‫> א‬X‫•א‬Ka‫א‬bM p‫ ·א] אمא‬P‫و!'א‬M‫و‬._:M‫אم‬a‫و‬
K 1‫دא<א‬o‫*ل‬:‫א‬a‫و‬M‫ م‬9"& ‫א א و‬5X/1‫ &א‬
K?E٢F 96
‫ א‬71‫א‬z*dM*‫) א‬l7[W‫אن‬/ ٢٠١٠W@l‫وא‬M ‫دא‬E١٦F
2"w"oR‫א‬M‫ول‬/:M‫) א*א‬l0 TU " 7"f‫א א א‬n X
5!/1NN 3NP‫نא‬N‫وא‬Nw1‫א‬0ANXMNoNN‫*א‬NdMN‫אد‬N1‫ א‬NM N‫א א‬5XN/1‫א‬
‫>ن‬mN1‫א‬Nd0‫نو[دא‬PN‫א‬0>‫א‬W :‫אدوאא‬3P‫وא] مא‬MP97‫א‬5!/1‫وא‬Ml‫א‬
2NN*NNd7
[ NN 7‫ א‬NN>‫א‬zNN2NN"٪٧٥‫אن‬f‫ א‬NN‫א א‬nNNl:‫و‬KM*NNdNNP<‫وא‬
K m‫א> א‬z2"'Xe
zNU N‫م‬N‫א‬U‫א‬7N‫א‬29.:M 1‫دوא*) א‬W‫אن‬/ ٢٠٠٩M6‫א‬7]‫>د‬Y ‫دא‬E١٧F
E٣F 96
‫ א‬71‫א‬
U®7NN‫א‬29NN.:MNN0‫ د‬N 1‫א‬NN!‫א‬6[‫|و‬.NN^{ )*NN‫دوא‬2NN3NN)P‫א‬f‫ א‬NN‫א א‬n NX
5!/N"3NP‫] مא‬N‫ وא‬N
‫ وא‬N/‫( وא‬N‫א‬9mN‫א‬2N"e
N0N¨zN‫א‬U N‫אم‬
‫א‬N"‫ אسא‬N N"‫ א‬N -‫مא‬N!"7_N6MN‫*ل‬N:‫א‬N#/.:‫] אم‬N‫?א‬٢٠١٣‫>ن‬N N‫ א‬N± 97Ê١F
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&PNN^0‫ אسאدא‬N"U N U‫ אد‬N‫א‬M6N
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!(N9 :MRP/9f‫א=" א‬w1‫'وא‬X1 >aTtw‫ و‬JK 9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬MU -‫א‬
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٤٠١

@ @Z@òîŠ‡¾a@Ñz—Ûa@óÏ@óÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚üaë@‹í‹znÛa@paŠbèß@oÛëbäm@ónÛa@òîjäuüa@pbaŠ‡Ûa
h-NN"5"NN67 NN?‫אن‬NN/ E٢٠١٢
٢٠١٢FValsamidoulina p.et al‫ون‬7NN<‫وא‬NN/ NN‫دא‬E٢٣F
WzM>#‫!אא> وא(¬א‬1‫> א‬/:M 6‫و‬-.‫ א‬1‫*) א‬
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‫א‬ANNX‫و‬Eº‫א‬KKKKKKKKK NN>#‫ –א‬NN– NN– NNT<‫ –א‬NN/9‫د‬FNN‫ א‬NNMNNNN"1‫א‬
K )*‫لא‬.^‫א‬z‫> א‬1M p‫א وא‬¤w9
1- Hiroki Yoshida ."Development and formative evaluation of the
Education Media in service Teacher Training Curriculum Standards". In
:international Journal of Education and Development using information and
communication Technology. 2010.( 1JEDICT).
2-wily –blak well: Using children's literature about loss and
grieving to increase awareness،develop coping skills،and build community
among elementary school students educationPH.D psychology،united
states،2011K
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K ‫ز‬1‫א>אא‬2"E٪٥٩F P(6‫دل‬9"Z*‫א‬0>‫א‬E١٦١FM‫*ل‬s‫א‬² T‫א نو‬
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&NN>1‫א‬jN9j0 N"‫ و‬9‫و‬7Nwe9NN1‫א‬bN6‫ א‬N‫א א‬U7N:bANN0 N9 q‫א‬5XN/1‫א‬e9N"‫ل‬N
K‫!א‬1‫وא‬
0 (NN "‫&و‬NN "‫א‬U(NN "tNN 7 NN >‫مא‬NN ‫א‬aNN ‫ل‬NN ‫] אمא‬NN ‫א‬jNN 9j: J
‫א وא‬Lo9 ‫א‬5"‫א‬7 795X/1‫א‬M¥
>#‫!אא‬1‫> א‬/:M, -‫אمא‬Ma*<‫א‬W‫אن‬/ E(2007،Pers Jon ‫دא‬E٢٦F
E٢F? 9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬A":U
N<‫ دא‬N>#‫אא‬N!1‫ א‬N>/:MN‫م‬N‫א‬Ma*N<‫دوא‬MNx7N‫א א א‬n !‫א‬
MN N‫ א א‬N>‫وא‬MN"‫א‬¤(N1‫ وא‬N/ ¤(N1‫א‬5!/N" ‫א א‬n" ]‫ وא‬9‫ א אد‬71‫א‬
N‫א א‬nNl:‫و‬K N>#‫אא‬N!1‫سא‬N"‫>نو‬mN1‫א‬Nd0‫وאدא‬Z*‫) א‬l2"
K 1‫_طא*) א‬/ ‫<ل‬2"٪٨٧ P(/ !>/:'9 >#‫!אא‬1‫אنא‬f‫א‬
N 1‫א‬x‫ א‬N X} NN 1‫*) א‬NN‫ א‬NNR:U N "?‫אن‬NN/ (2005EGene،Burd NN‫دא‬E٢٧F
E٣F‫א‬
!: NT‫و‬N‫ א‬N 1‫א‬x‫ א‬NX} )*N‫ א‬NR:‫ولو‬N/:U N" N7" ‫א א‬n !‫א‬
!‫ א‬NX[ NcNdf‫ א‬N 1‫*א‬N:MNzN‫دא<لא‬x‫ א‬X‫א‬0AX >/:‫ 'و‬:M
‫ن‬PN‫א‬0>N‫א‬2N"NMN N>‫وא‬MN"‫א‬¤(N1‫א‬5!/N" N‫א א‬n" ]N‫وא‬،N! /1‫א‬
K‫>ن‬m1‫א‬d0>‫وא‬
1- Hirok Yoshida. "Development and formative evaluation of the education Media in

service Teacher Training Curriclum Standards" IN:International Journal of Education
and Develop ment using Information and Communication Technology. 2010.
(1JEDICT).
2- Pers،Jon ،The use of bibliotherapy in natural environmentto develop social skills in
young childrenPH.D،elementary education ،united states2007
3-Burd،Gene 2005،An exploration of self-determination skills development with sixth
grade students with learning disabilities ،ED.D،united state
٤٠٣

MN!]N7:‫ و‬N 1‫א‬x‫ א‬NX‫ولא‬N/:MN@)*N? Np‫ وא‬N‫א‬f‫ א‬N‫א א‬nl:‫و‬
z‫لא‬
@ @ZòÔibÛa@pbaŠ‡Ûa@óÜÇ@ÕîÜÈnÛa
2NN. NN‫א א‬0ANNX‫ع‬NNw"‫ل‬NNNN 1‫א‬2NN" NN>E (NN‫א‬NN‫ضא א‬7NNNN‫א‬
Wf‫)א‬/‫א‬M!w7
W‫ع‬w1‫א‬32"‫אو‬
‫אج‬7NN<‫وא‬7NN97)‫مא‬NN!"7_NN6MNNNNX‫ ودو‬NN 1‫*) א‬NN‫א‬MNNNN‫'א א‬NN "jNN J١
K ‫א!'א א‬7"x<‫א‬t"‫ אس‬1‫א‬zU M)*‫א‬
NN‫ل‬NN<2NN" NN>‫ א‬NN>‫א‬x‫ א‬N X‫א‬7_NN6MNN )*NN‫دوא‬nNN‫و‬/:NN‫¬دא‬NN/X J٢
K|A"‫א‬
K 1‫ א*) א‬w7:&"2‫ אو‬/" m n>X‫¬دאא‬/X J٣
W /‫א‬32"6
NN 1‫*) א‬NN‫_طא‬NN6tNN"'!NN":‫ אسو‬N1‫א‬zNNMNN N>‫א‬NN‫א א‬2NN"e
N
NN .‫!'א‬:‫א‬NN !" NN >/:‫'و‬NN !‫אدא‬MNN NN 1‫*) א‬NN ‫א‬7NN ‫ א‬NN 71bNN ‫وذ‬,NN -‫مא‬NN ‫وא‬
K >#‫وא‬
W‫אدوא‬32"

NN d–‫ن‬PNN ‫א‬0>NN ‫א‬FMNN NN "1‫א‬tNN uMNN NN 7‫א‬NN ‫'א א‬NN " N >‫ א‬J١
EK 1‫ –א‬1‫>ن–א‬m1‫א‬
KU7<‫אدوאא‬MT 2"7
‫>نא‬m1‫א‬d0‫ אدא‬P/#‫א אא‬n" ]‫&א‬M J٢
W5!/1‫א‬32" ‫א‬
¤(NN1‫א‬5!/NN"‫ و‬NN/ ¤(NN1‫א‬5!/NN"‫و‬MNNl‫א‬5!/NN1‫( א‬NN‫א‬N ‫'א א‬NN "n" ]NN‫א‬
K¤(1‫א‬z‫ وא‬61‫א‬z‫'א] אمא‬2"‫و‬07X cT‫ د‬9 d‫@و‬l ‫م‬9UA‫وא‬M"‫א‬
W5a/‫א‬32"("<
N 1‫*) א‬N‫ א‬N9‫د‬:‫אن‬2N.UAN‫ א وא‬M (‫'א אא‬ "n:‫א‬
N9‫د‬9UAN‫وא وא‬AN"‫ &א‬M)*‫אجא‬7<‫وא‬797)‫و"!مא‬M/"7_6MU -‫وאمא‬
K >‫א> א‬M, -‫אمא‬
W s‫א א א‬M (‫א אא‬2"0‫אد‬U "
0ANX‫ع‬Nw1 Nl‫دא‬N ‫ א‬N9 d‫)و‬Nw‫ووא‬NT‫ אد‬N9 d
)P‫ א‬._1‫ א‬9 d‫و‬0 J١
‫א‬M‫א‬NN/‫א‬2N" N9 ‫א‬MNMNN!/1‫א‬ZN/P‫א‬0 NN97 /‫א‬N!#‫ א‬N9 dbAN‫ و‬N‫א א‬
EKXe‫ א א –و‬/ J ‫א א‬5!/"– ‫(وא א‬:FMX‫و‬
٤٠٤
‫‪D4 E‬א‪ -‬א‪ – /‬د‪٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‬‬
‫‪ N9 dMNN NN J٢‬א‪'NNX‬אدوאא‪!" ](NN9xNNMNN‬א‪NNl3NNP‬لא‪ N5aNN6f‬م‬
‫א‪ X‬א‪x‬א א و‪7cd‬و‪ K!w‬‬
‫‪ J٣‬א)‪U N"2N"c‬א‪ N>X‬א א‪ N‬א‪ Ns‬و‪ Nl‬א‪ NX‬א‪x‬وא‪(N‬ووא‪7N‬وض א‪ N‬‬
‫א‪ NNs‬و‪ N9 d‬א‪ NN/‬א‪ PNN/1‬א‪ NN‬א‪ NNs‬و‪7NN‬ق‪!P)NN‬و‪eRNN" N9 d‬אא א‪ NN‬‬
‫א‪M‬مא‪
P‬א!و‪ K!/ T‬‬
‫‪ J٤‬א‪Mx7‬א‪o‬א*‪ a‬אز" א א‪ K s‬‬
‫אد‪0‬א‪2"
P‬א אא( * " "‪ W32‬‬
‫• "‪ 7‬א‪o6q‬א‪ fW7 /‬א ‪3‬א‪n‬א‪M
P‬א אא‪ANXMN (N‬אא‪N‬ل‬
‫و د"‪ <2‬א אא‪ 7‬وא‪ K P/#‬‬
‫• ‪5!/" 9 d‬א א ‪ K‬‬
‫• אد‪2"0‬א אא( ‪M‬א"‪Z/ 6.‬א\‪5"6‬א ‪ KM‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪7 #: J١‬وقذאد א*‪[& a‬دא‪7[Z‬אدא‪N"M /‬س"!‪N‬אא)‪7N97‬وא<‪7N‬אج‬
‫א*)‪MM‬א‪cP‬א‪ KU P‬‬
‫‪7NN N #: J٢‬وقذאد‪ NN‬א‪NN"&NN a*NN‬د‪NN#‬א"‪ANN‬א‪NNw7:29ANN‬א\‪5"NN6‬‬
‫א ‪M‬وא‪_929A‬א‪M‬א\‪ K5"6‬‬
‫‪7 #: J٣‬وقذאد א‪&N 9*N‬א"‪FAN‬א‪AN‬وא=‪'N:MNEDN6‬א<‪7N‬אجא‪M)*N‬‬
‫و"!אא‪/‬نא*) ‪ K‬‬
‫‪7 #: J٤‬وقذאد א*‪& a‬אدא‪Z‬א‪MP‬وאدא‪Z‬א‪"MU P‬سאدא‪7N<Z‬אج‬
‫א*)‪M‬وא‪!1‬אא*) *אدא‪Z‬א‪ KU P‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫"‪5!/‬א א ‪W‬א> א א ‪M‬א‪ P^5!/1‬א‪'>* MP97‬א>&א‪ P97‬‬
‫وא‪ m‬و‪cP:‬אسא‪?P‬وא‪ >!U P‬‬
‫‪ /‬א א ‪cP:'9W‬א א ‪T /M‬א"!‪AN>:E٦٠FN‬אو‪2N"0AN>:‬א‪@*N‬א‪C‬ول‬
‫א= ‪ N‬אد‪U N U‬א‪ N 1‬אسא= אد‪ N 9‬و‪0NNP/ NN "MX‬א אد‪ NN9‬א‪ -_NN1‬وא ‪ NN‬دא‪7NN^0‬ق‬
‫א א‪U\.‬א> و‪'(:‬א‪ &>Ef‬ل‪7E٣٠F‬د‪ >E.‬و‪ N>E'm:‬‬
‫א‪A‬وא‪( D/9‬و‪ KU‬‬
‫و‪t#79‬א(‪MoP‬א<א‪ /‬א‪ Wf‬‬
‫‪."E١F‬ن>א‪>:3
P‬א<*‪ )* a‬א‪ K! 1‬‬
‫‪٤٠٥‬‬
‫ ‬
cNP:MN&(N/q‫&א‬N ‫وق‬7‫سא‬T2.f ‫و‬D6=‫وא‬A‫א‬2" 1‫'א‬m:E٢F

K5"6\‫א‬
M‫א‬6."‫_طوא‬/‫*א‬2"0‫אد‬f ‫" و‬.s‫ אسא‬1‫א‬2" 1‫\א‬:E٣F
K 1‫!א*) א‬/ 2"‫ و‬l‫_ א‬6‫א‬#‫א‬2"0‫אزא‬X7:
:‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬M)*‫א‬797)‫> "!אא‬/5"67 '>*: J١
K
P‫א אدא‬2" )*‫!אא‬1‫وא‬M)*‫אجא‬7<‫ "سא‬J٢
EM)*‫אجא‬7<‫وא‬797)FZ‫ אدא‬ " T –٣
: ‫ﺍﻻﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻰ ﻟﻠﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﻘﱰﺡ‬
M)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<‫אא‬NN!" NN>/:NNX‫ و‬NN‫عא א‬NNw"5"NN6\MNN#71‫א‬NN‫ دא‬N )9
‫ل‬NN<EU‫ אد‬N‫*@אولא‬NN‫א‬FU‫ אد‬N‫'א‬NN‫ א‬NN7"ANN":2NN" NN/U N )*NN‫نא‬NN/‫وא‬
W ‫ א‬¢‫א‬M #‫א‬
NN!cNNP9fNN‫ א‬NN97>‫ א‬NN¢cT N ‫ א‬N 9 )‫א‬MNN‫(¡אل‬NN‫אא‬ANNX2NN NN #‫א‬6 N :W‫؟‬2NN1١
U N ‫א‬MNNX‫ و‬NN9‫א אد‬0NNP/ NN U‫ אد‬N ‫ولא‬C‫*@א‬NN‫א‬ANN": NN/ 'NNX‫و‬5"NN6\‫א‬
K " 9‫*د‬T‫א‬L >#‫א‬9("U‫ ذو‬7R‫ א‬ YM ¦7‫ אسא‬1‫א‬
‫א‬ANN! NN>‫( א‬NNjNN-:‫و‬5"NN6\‫א‬x‫ א‬NX[ N9 dMNN‫(¡אل‬NN‫אא‬ANNXMNN NN #‫א‬6 N:W‫ذא؟‬NN1٢
NN#‫א‬2NN"ANN"‫א‬U N )*NN‫نא‬NN/‫وא‬M)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<‫אא‬NN!" NN>/:MNN5"NN6\‫א‬
‫و‬،MP9 N‫א‬5"N6\‫لא‬N<2N"A"U. ‫א‬e.‫> א‬/:‫!'א و‬:‫ א‬T‫ل‬R‫א‬
W!/"x‫ א‬XC‫ א‬cd
N6‫عאقو‬6W C‫א*>'א‬7l/Mx7‫א‬WM)*‫אجא‬7<‫> "!אא‬/: J١
&NN 6‫وאذ‬cNN /‫ وא‬NN ‫א‬UNN dMNN ‫وא‬f‫*) אو‬NN ‫א‬،0 N >‫ دא‬NN‫*) و‬NN ‫( א‬NN "،
KXe‫و‬7‫א‬tT:، <‫ووسא*)א א‬2"n ‫א
א‬،
K29‫و‬/‫א‬x‫و‬7‫و‬³1‫א‬x‫و‬7W0Z‫و‬71‫א א‬7P‫א‬7l/‫ א‬7"o6#f‫א‬
NN‫א‬7:‫*א‬NN‫א‬2NN"NN'mNN:fNN‫ وא‬NNa71‫ א‬NN.‫א‬7q‫א‬7NNl/‫א‬MNNx7NN‫وא‬
‫אج‬7N<‫א‬MN7N:MN‫ א‬N#‫א‬7<‫א‬7Nl/‫א‬2N"NXe‫و‬K‫אن‬N‫א‬،‫אد‬1‫א* &א‬a‫موو‬7‫وא‬
KM)*‫א‬
7Nl/‫א‬MX"‫א و‬6[‫و‬M)*‫א\א‬Mx7‫א‬WM)*‫ א\א‬0!" >/: J٢
\N‫אعא‬6{Ux7‫وא‬E‫ذא‬1–29‫ "ذא–א‬JM"–2"FM)*‫א\א‬M7‫א‬:M‫א‬
\NN‫ א‬NN . NN/‫א‬oNN‫وאא‬M)*NN‫\א‬NN] NN/‫لא‬.NN^‫א‬MNNx7NN‫א‬،M)*NN‫א‬
K P/1‫א‬0*‫وא<א‬o/1‫[نא‬/‫ א‬97‫و‬
٤٠٦
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
M)*NN‫א‬cNN)‫א‬2NNNN""MNNx7NN‫א‬WM)*NN‫א‬cNN)‫ א‬NN 0NN!" NN>/: J٣
N . N"‫ אز‬N/‫א‬oN‫وאא‬M)*N‫\א‬N‫א‬2N@N«M)*N‫א‬cN)‫و@[نא‬
KM)*‫א‬c)‫א‬
cN)‫وא‬M)*N‫א‬39 s‫ق &א‬7‫א‬Mx7‫א‬WM)*‫א‬39 s‫ א‬0!" >/: J٤
KM)*‫א‬39 s‫و א‬M)*‫א‬39 s‫אعא‬6{Ux7‫وא‬M)*‫א‬
x7N‫وא‬M)*N‫لא‬N1‫ א‬N NMx7‫א‬WM)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬0!" >/: J٥
KM)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬. "‫א*) אز‬o‫אא‬
cN)‫وא‬7N97‫א‬2N"N& ‫ق‬7‫א‬Mx7‫وא‬WM)*‫א‬797‫ א‬0!" >/: J٦
KM)*‫א‬797‫و א‬M)*‫وא\א‬
NN>q‫אא‬7NN‫_ وא‬NN6C‫א‬2NN" NN>Ef‫( א‬NN‫א‬x‫ א‬NXC‫ א‬NN>E NNu7:NNX‫و‬W‫ذא‬NN" J٣
P‫!א‬m t" ‫א‬-1‫א‬
W!/" _6C‫א‬2" >5"6\‫('א‬:'9‫و‬
zN N1‫אא‬NN !1‫א‬2NN ePNN '|NN »‫א‬NN /9‫[ن‬ANN "hNN :‫[ن‬MNN X‫و‬W NN / _NN 6[ J١
c*N‫وא‬N‫א‬،'N7‫א‬W N/‫_ א‬N6C‫&א‬N 2N"‫(!'و‬6[2'!:‫ א‬T2eP‫>!وא‬/:
K )*‫!'א‬:‫> "!א‬/:M|R‫!'وא‬:M 1‫א] אمאدوאא‬،
'!:‫ א‬NN NN /‫אدא‬7NN ‫لא‬RNN ‫א‬f‫א‬x N !: _NN 6C‫א‬2NN " NN >EMNN X‫و‬W NN _NN 6[ J٢
M)*‫> "!אא>א‬6‫و‬e.‫> "!אא‬/:M'!:""‫א و‬
:‫א‬-N‫א‬MXN"‫ و‬N"‫!و‬NzN‫א‬MN5"N6\‫אא‬AX‫ م‬9@X‫و‬W@ J٤
W5"6\‫א!©א‬M'M‫א‬
7‫א‬N:‫{نو‬N.1‫(عא‬N: N 1 _N6C‫א‬07N4 7‫א‬Z‫א‬7#‫'א‬9x‫و‬W "2"‫ א‬J١
ANN"n_NN:D NNN NN tNN>: _NN6C‫א‬07NN‫[ن‬NN> PNN/1‫א‬0ZNNw‫א‬
K ‫ א א‬/
'!/N.k‫و‬AN"‫א‬MN5"N6\‫ضא‬7N7(N:MN‫אدوאא‬MNX‫و‬W " ](N1‫אدوאدوאא‬1‫ א‬J٢
KMP9 ‫א‬5"6\‫_ « مא‬6C‫" &א‬.‫א‬0‫א‬7"t"،'!/"0‫אد‬2"
'N9xN‫ ؟و‬7R(N:UAN‫א‬nNT‫وא‬5"N6\‫א‬AN/:MNtNP:MN‫ א‬N/"j‫ א‬
‫א‬MX‫و‬W‫؟‬M" J٥
*NN*]1‫א‬M)*NN‫_طא‬N/‫*א‬NN‫ل‬N<2NN"N"?NN‫مدא‬N‫ א‬N"MN5"NN6\‫א‬cNP:
?‫@دא‬l. P‫ ل*&א‬
@ @Z@áíìÔnÛa@òîvîmaa
M)*N‫אجא‬7N<‫א‬2N ‫ א א‬/A"‫ א‬7"U "‫س‬T'9WMP‫'א‬9‫ א‬J١
K ]1‫!אא*) א‬1‫نא* وא‬/‫وא‬
٤٠٧

‫ ‪!" >/89 :5"67‬אא)‪797‬وא=<‪7‬אجא*)?"‪A‬א*@א‪C‬ولא= אد‪ ,‬‬
‫‪ J٢‬א ‪'9NN‬א‪ZNN /‬א\‪NN <2NN "'NN 9W5"NN 6‬لو‪tNN w‬א‪1‬א‪@NN T‬وא ‪ ¢NN‬وא ‪PNN‬لو‪MNN :‬‬
‫א‪2NN" NN‬א"‪ANN‬ودودא‪NN‬ل¨‪K0>9NN"0NN‬א‪'9NN‬א‪'NN9MNNWMaNN!/‬א‪MNNx7NN‬‬
‫" ‪U‬א مא‪ UA‬א\‪U 5"6‬א"‪ KA‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ J١‬א<‪z(st testP‬א‪& 29P‬א> א‪ P97‬وא‪ K m‬‬
‫‪d J٢‬א‪29P‬אد‪U‬א‪& o6q‬א>&‪ K‬‬
‫‪ J٣‬א(‪z‬א
‪>P‬س ‪7[ 97‬و"‪ K¹P‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﺍﳌﻘﱰﺡ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ ‪nl:"MZ/‬א א אא( ‪n"T‬א‪ y
P‬אد ‪2N"2N.P9 :E67‬‬
‫<‪'NN: NN‬و‪NN!" NN>/:‬א‪NN/‬نא)‪7NN97‬وא=<‪7NN‬אجא‪ANN":U N M)*NN‬א‪@*NN‬א‪C‬ولא= ‪ N‬אد‪U‬‬
‫وذ‪N<2N"b‬لא‪ ]N‬אم‪*N‬א‪_N/‬طא‪ Nl‬א‪MN‬א‪N!:7T‬وزא‪0‬א‪ N -‬وא‪'N‬و"‪N!/ 2N‬‬
‫*א‪_/‬طא‪ )* 1‬א‪ K 1‬‬
‫‚‪@ @Z@ójíŠ‡nÛa@wßbãÛa@†a‡Çg@paìĐ‬‬
‫‪ W7‬אدא\‪2" >5"6‬אאو‪ WM9>MX‬‬
‫‪ X[ -١‬א‪x‬א\‪W5"6‬‬
‫\‪2" >E5"6‬א‪ XC‬א‪x‬א¼‪!dfWM(9‬و‪!" >/:MX‬א‪N/‬نא)‪7N97‬‬
‫وא=<‪7‬אجא*)? ‪A":U‬א*@א‪C‬ولא= אد‪,‬و"‪AX2‬א‪ XC‬א‪Wx‬‬
‫א| ‪x‬אم‪!" >/:X‬א‪/‬نא)‪7N97‬وא=<‪7N‬אجא‪AN":U N?)*N‬א‪@*N‬א‪C‬ول‬
‫א= אد‪U‬و‪79‬ع"‪2" >E /‬א‪ XC‬א‪ W!/"x‬‬
‫• "‪0NN!" N7‬א<‪7NN‬אجא‪WM)*NN‬א‪7NNl/MNNx7NN‬א‪'>*NN‬א‪NN6W NNC‬عא‪NN‬قو‪ NN6‬‬
‫‪ ("،‬א*) و دא> ‪،0‬א*) אو‪f‬وא‪UdM‬א وא‪c/‬وאذ‪،&6‬א
א ‪n‬‬
‫"‪2‬ووسא*)א א< ‪tNT:،‬א‪7N‬و‪،NXe‬א‪ N7"oN6#f‬א‪7Nl/‬א‪7P‬א‪ N‬‬
‫א‪71‬و‪7W0Z‬و‪x‬א‪³1‬و‪7‬و‪x‬א‪/‬و‪،29‬وא‪Mx7‬א‪7l/‬א‪7q‬א‪ .‬א‪ a71‬وא‪'mN:fN‬‬
‫"‪2‬א*א‪7:‬א وא‪7‬موو‪a‬א* &א‪1‬אد‪،‬א‪N‬אن‪K‬و‪2N"NXe‬א‪7Nl/‬‬
‫א<‪7‬א‪ #‬א‪M7:M‬א<‪7‬אجא*)‪KM‬‬
‫• "‪ 0!" 7‬א\א*)‪WM‬א‪Mx7‬א\א*)‪M‬و[‪6‬א و"‪MNXN‬א‪7Nl/‬‬
‫א‪:M‬א‪M7‬א\א*)‪N" JMN"–2"FM‬ذא–א‪N1–2N9‬ذא‪E‬وא‪N6[MNx7N‬אعא‪\N‬‬
‫א ‪،M)*NN‬א ‪MNN x7NN‬א^ ‪.NN‬لא‪\NN ] NN /‬א ‪M)*NN‬وאא ‪oNN‬א‪ NN . NN /‬א ‪\NN‬‬
‫و‪ 97‬א‪[/‬نא‪o/1‬وא<א*‪0‬א‪K P/1‬‬
‫‪٤٠٨‬‬
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
@‫و‬M)*‫א‬c)‫א‬2""Mx7‫א‬WM)*‫א‬c)‫ א‬0!" 7" •
cNN)‫ א‬NN . NN"‫ אز‬NN/‫א‬oNN‫وאא‬M)*NN‫\א‬NN‫א‬2NN@NN«M)*NN‫א‬cNN)‫[نא‬
KM)*‫א‬
cN)‫وא‬M)*N‫א‬39 Ns‫&א‬N ‫ق‬7N‫א‬MNx7‫א‬WM)*‫א‬39 s‫ א‬0!" 7" •
KM)*‫א‬39 s‫و א‬M)*‫א‬39 s‫אعא‬6[Mx7‫وא‬M)*‫א‬
x7N‫وא‬M)*N‫لא‬N1‫ א‬N NMNx7N‫א‬WM)*N‫لא‬N1‫ א‬0!" 7" •
KM)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬. "‫א*) אز‬o‫אא‬
cN)‫وא‬7N97‫א‬2N"N&N ‫ق‬7N‫א‬MNx7N‫وא‬WM)*‫א‬797‫ א‬0!" 7" •
KM)*‫א‬797‫و א‬M)*‫وא\א‬
KMP9 ‫א‬5"6\‫(א‬#UY l -٢
0 N"‫عو‬PN[NN&(N#tNT‫ א‬t NN[7_N5"NN6\‫א‬cNP:‫ق‬7R(N9W5"NN6\‫א‬0 N" N9 d -٣
‫ ل‬N N 1‫*) א‬N‫_طא‬N/N!/"*N]1‫ وא‬N 1‫* א‬s‫א‬0 "MX‫ و‬T‫د‬٤٥ (q‫א‬
K (#٢٠(q‫عو دא‬P[&*
‫_ط‬NN /‫א‬07NN MNN 5"NN 6\‫(א‬NN # NN‫و‬cNN P:'NN 9xNN W(NN q‫ א‬NN‫ن‬NN ."NN <[ -٤
K 9‫א= אد‬0P/ "<‫ دא‬1‫ *) א‬l‫א‬
NN
P‫(¡ א‬NN"‫و‬x‫א‬7NN^WnNNd5"NN6\‫א‬ANN/:'NN9xNNW5"NN6\‫א‬ANN/:2NN‫(¡ل‬NN1‫ א‬N9 d -٥
K5"6\‫א‬A/:‫و!" و‬
&N>.‫א‬0‫(د‬N‫א‬MN N‫و‬C‫!א‬:NlMN5"N6\‫(א‬N#‫ض‬7N'N9xNW5"6\‫'א‬.d -٦
MP9 ‫א‬5"6\‫> א‬a"U " 9 dXb‫ذ‬2"‫ض‬7R‫وא‬،5"6\‫(א‬#‫ د‬¤w:²‫و‬
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫> "!א‬/
: ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
W (#٢٠M5"6\‫_>א‬9
._N N!/D N)‫وא‬07Nl/‫و‬M)*N‫א‬7N97)‫مא‬N!"W2N"N&(#‫'אول‬m:x •
x7N‫'א‬N9‫و‬M)*N‫\א‬N‫א‬2N‫ول[و‬N/60 NMN2NNf‫قא‬7‫'א‬9'>E
/‫א‬o‫אא‬،M)*‫لא\א‬.^[،M)*‫@א\א‬97:،‫ع‬P1‫א\א‬S9:M
K!‫*ل‬s‫א*) و א‬P<C‫"*دא‬،M)*‫א\א‬7l/،M)*‫]\א‬
)*NN N‫א‬NN NP<C‫ א‬NN NR: NN NW NN N‫א‬NN Nw1‫'א‬mNN N: NN N

‫ وא‬NN N6
‫( א‬NN Nq‫• א‬
'mN:‫و‬M)*N‫\א‬N‫ א‬N ‫ و‬Nl 97،\‫!א‬/opM‫א=!"א( א‬،
KM)*‫ א\א‬. /‫لא‬.^C‫א‬E!‫א‬6[‫" " א\و‬F
KM)*‫אن]\א‬/‫ א‬97'm:W'm: ("‫( א‬q‫• א‬
٤٠٩

WNw"‫ول‬N/:M)*N‫א‬cN)‫א‬2N2NN!D N)‫'א‬N9 (‫( א(د وא‬q‫א‬ •

cNN )‫@א‬aNN i‫و‬،M)*NN ‫א‬cNN )‫א‬MNN ‫*ل‬NN s‫*دא‬NN "،M)*NN ‫א‬cNN )‫@א‬NN 97:
K)‫א‬7YMX7‫א‬:‫אزم‬l،M)*‫א‬c)‫אعא‬6[،M)*‫א‬
29‫و‬NN/‫א‬F'mNN:‫و‬M)*NN‫א‬cNN)‫ א‬NN ‫و‬NN>‫א‬NN<W'mNN: NN‫ وא‬NN/"
‫( א‬NNq‫א‬ •
K!‫א‬6[‫و‬M)*‫א‬c)‫" " א‬،M)*‫א‬c)‫ א‬. /‫א‬o‫אא‬،!‫א‬6[‫و‬
39 N Ns‫@א‬NN 97:W'mNN :‫و‬M)*NN ‫א‬39 N Ns‫א‬2NN ‫ول‬NN /:‫و‬7_NN NN 9‫د‬s‫وא‬07NN ^‫( א‬NN q‫א‬ •
Z‫א‬7NN#W‫א‬N<'mN:‫و‬M)*N‫א‬39 Ns‫ א‬NN N،M)*N‫א‬39 Ns‫אعא‬N6[،M)* N‫א‬
KM)*‫א‬39 s‫א‬
@97:WM!x7‫א‬n9‫و‬M)*‫لא‬1‫א‬2‫ول‬/:‫و‬K7 _

‫وא‬7_ 6
‫( א‬q‫א‬ •
M)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬R،M)*‫لא‬1‫@א‬ai‫و‬،M)*‫لא‬1‫א‬
MN=‫لא‬N1‫א‬FM)*N‫لא‬1‫אعא‬6['m:‫و‬W7_ ("‫( א‬q‫وא‬7_ ‫א‬7‫( وא‬q‫א‬ •
E ‫و‬M)*‫א>دא‬،M°‫لא‬1‫و א‬، *a*<‫و‬
m9‫وא‬K E ‫و‬M)‫لא‬1‫א"א*) وא‬F'm:‫و‬7_ ‫( א(د‬q‫א‬ •
K )*‫نא‬/‫ א‬M ¦[°‫¦ وא‬C‫א‬
N ،M)*N‫א‬7N97‫مא‬N!"'mN:‫و‬M)*N‫א‬7N97‫א‬2N‫ول‬/:‫و‬7_ ( ‫( א‬q‫א‬ •
‫ض‬7NN7NN97:،MNNs‫א‬7NN97‫א‬،UNNP<C‫א‬7NN97‫א‬FM)*NN‫א‬7NN97‫אعא‬NN6[،M)*NN‫א‬7NN97‫א‬
KE*]_‫א‬
2N"N'mN:‫و‬M)*N‫אجא‬7N<=‫א‬2N‫ول‬N/:297_N‫وא‬7_N N‫وא‬7_N N"
‫( א‬q‫א‬ •
N، )*N‫ אدא‬NWMN‫ج‬7N]1‫دوא‬،M)*N‫אجא‬7<=‫@א‬ai‫و‬،M)*‫אجא‬7<=‫א‬X"F
*NN ‫[دوאא‬،‫م‬NN 7‫א‬،*NN ‫א‬،29‫و‬NN /‫א‬،³NN 1‫א‬FM)*NN ‫אجא‬7NN <=‫א‬7NN l/،nN N1‫א‬NN >
KE‫אن‬C‫א‬،
NNT ½NN"NN#[2NN"&NN 1‫א‬mNN'NN9xNN (NNq‫א‬0ANNX‫و‬297_NN‫وא‬0 N‫( אא‬NNq‫א‬ •
‫س‬NNTNN#‫א‬2NN"zNN‫א‬MNN )*NN‫نא‬NN/‫א‬2NN"‫زج‬N ‫ و‬¢NN‫א‬h7NN‫ل‬NN<2NN" NN 1‫א‬
mN‫&א‬N>‫א‬2N"NM TP‫אسوא‬cP‫و‬5"6\‫ א‬U " 7"‫و‬
K P97‫وא‬
2N" >Eh7 U7 6._ (#w"h7 (#M
P‫مא‬: •
xN(Nq‫א‬N M ‫و‬0 M2|‫و‬/:M‫!אא‬1‫نא*) وא‬/‫>زج‬/‫א‬
'!‫אدא‬U " 7"#‫א‬2"'!(6 ‫>زج‬/‫>א‬E P97‫א> א‬Fz‫א‬2"o9
K!x7‫"א >!وא‬TM‫א‬0!>
(Nq‫א‬UNY N ‫و‬N> N
P‫مא‬N:xN l‫و‬5"6\‫) א‬l2"c)‫و‬ •
NN >a"U NN"MNN NN{NN "q‫א‬0A:NN ‫א‬2NN "&NN >.‫א‬2NN " NN >EMNN !NN w7‫و‬
E P 7‫ א א א> א‬/Fz‫א‬McP5"‫א\א‬UY
٤١٠
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
: ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻰ‬
Z@òÄyý¾a@òÓbĐi@åß@Ò‡a
‫ن‬NN /‫א‬NN !1oNN ‫'א‬NN :U NN"2NN NN T‫)) ود‬NN lNN 6 ‫و‬NN ""MNN ‫*ل‬NN s‫ א‬J١
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬EM)*‫א‬797‫ل–א‬1‫–א‬39 s‫–א‬c)‫ א‬J\‫א‬F797)‫א‬
K‫وض‬7‫) א‬l2"c)‫ א‬J٢
Z@òÄyý¾a@òÓbĐi@†a‡Çg@paìĐ‚
K!/"‫ و‬ 1‫[دوאא‬M‫א אא( وא=ع‬¤(" K١
WM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫!א‬1Z‫دא‬C‫ א‬ " T ‫ [ د‬9 d K٢
WfMX‫و‬M)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫'"!א‬:‫[ د"س‬$6MX‫و‬
NN!‫ول‬NN/‫'א‬NN9‫א‬NNP٧‫ل‬NN<2NN" NP‫אא‬ANNX‫س‬NN9‫و‬M)*NN‫\א‬NN ‫ص‬NN‫ א‬NP‫• א‬
M)*N‫\א‬N‫א‬MN7‫א‬N:MN‫א‬7Nl/‫א‬MNXN"‫ و‬N‫א‬6[‫و‬M)*N‫\א‬N‫א‬Mx7‫א‬F
‫ل‬.^‫א‬Mx7‫א‬،M)*‫אعא\א‬6[Mx7‫وא‬E‫ذא‬1–29‫ "ذא–א‬JM"–2"F
oNN/1‫אنא‬NN/‫ א‬NN NN97‫\و‬NN‫ א‬NN . NN/‫א‬oNN‫وאא‬M)*NN‫\א‬NN] NN/‫א‬
EK P/1‫א‬0*‫وא<א‬
!‫ول‬/‫'א‬9‫א‬P٧‫<ل‬2" P‫אא‬AX‫س‬9‫و‬M)*‫א‬c) ‫ אص‬P‫• א‬
2N@N«M)*N‫א‬cN)‫@[نא‬N‫و‬M)*N‫א‬cN)‫א‬2""Mx7‫א‬F
KEM)*‫א‬c)‫ א‬. "‫ אز‬/‫א‬o‫وאא‬M)*‫א\א‬
N!‫ول‬N/‫'א‬N9‫א‬NP٦‫ل‬N<2" NP‫אא‬AX‫س‬9‫و‬M)*‫א‬39 s ‫ אص‬P‫• א‬
‫אع‬6{NN Ux7NN ‫وא‬M)*NN ‫א‬cNN )‫وא‬M)*N N‫א‬39 N Ns‫&א‬NN ‫ق‬7NN ‫א‬MNN x7NN ‫א‬F
KM)*‫א‬39 s‫و א‬M)*‫א‬39 s‫א‬
N!‫ول‬N/‫'א‬N9‫א‬NP٧‫ل‬N<2N" NP‫אא‬ANX‫س‬N9‫و‬M)*‫لא‬1 ‫ אص‬P‫• א‬
M)*NN N‫لא‬NN 1‫אعא‬NN N6[MNN x7NN N‫وא‬M)*NN ‫لא‬NN N1‫ א‬NN NN NMNN x7NN ‫א‬F
NN"‫*) אز‬NN‫א‬oNN‫אא‬MNNx7NN‫א‬EMNN)‫لא‬NN1‫א‬،M)*NN‫دא‬NN>‫א‬،MNN‫א‬F
EKM)*‫لא‬1‫ א‬.
N!‫ول‬N/‫'א‬N9‫א‬P٦‫<ل‬2" P‫אא‬AX‫س‬9‫و‬M)*‫א‬797 ‫ אص‬P‫• א‬
N N‫و‬M)*N‫\א‬N‫وא‬cN)‫وא‬7N97‫א‬2N"N&N ‫ق‬7N‫א‬MNx7‫وא‬F
KM)*‫א‬797‫א‬
N!‫ول‬N/‫'א‬9‫א‬P٧‫<ل‬2" P‫אא‬AX‫س‬9‫و‬M)*‫אجא‬7<= ‫ אص‬P‫• א‬
0 N>‫"( א*) و دא‬، 6‫عאقو‬6W C‫א*>'א‬7l/Mx7F
)*NN ‫ووسא‬2NN "nNN ‫א
א‬،&NN 6‫وאذ‬cNN /‫ وא‬NN ‫א‬UNN dMNN ‫وא‬f‫*) אو‬NN ‫א‬،
x‫و‬7NNW0Z‫و‬7NN1‫ א‬NN‫א‬7P‫א‬7NNl/‫ א‬NN7"oNN6#f‫א‬KNNXe‫و‬7NN‫א‬tNNT:، NN<‫א א‬
2NN"NN'mNN:fNN‫ وא‬NNa71‫ א‬NN.‫א‬7q‫א‬7NNl/‫א‬MNNx7NN‫وא‬K29‫و‬NN/‫א‬x‫و‬7NN‫و‬³NN1‫א‬
٤١١

7NN l/‫א‬2NN "NN Xe‫و‬K‫אن‬NN ‫א‬،‫אد‬NN 1‫&א‬NN *NN ‫א‬aNN ‫موو‬NN 7‫ وא‬NN ‫א‬7:‫*א‬NN ‫א‬
KM)*‫אجא‬7<‫א‬M7:M‫ א‬#‫א‬7<‫א‬
WMn
k T‫ و‬ 1‫ א‬T >: 9 d K٣
K0!1‫א‬Z‫[دא‬U("‫א‬7"0A/:²UA‫א‬7*/‫["مא‬¤l "tw‫• و‬
K :UA‫א‬U(1‫ א‬9 ) P/1‫ א‬6‫<א‬W / T ‫א‬0‫א‬7"op •
Xe(N N
P‫א‬f‫عא‬N#7‫אא‬NP‫א‬U NWM‫>ض‬U[¬/X‫ذאن‬Wb/"Z#7‫• א‬
K TP‫א‬x‫ א‬X[cd‫>ن‬mb‫وذ‬
5"‫\א‬NN‫موא‬NN=‫لא‬NNEMNN&NN>.‫א‬MNN NN‫و‬C‫!א‬:NNlMNN NNTP‫ضא‬7NN'NN9xNN •
K TP‫א‬PU[‫ د‬W‫ [و‬wW‫ و‬TP‫אא‬P >a" 9 ) P9 ‫א‬
K!P:'2"‫>&و‬.‫א‬M!w7 9 ‫'א‬9 •
'!7NN1M)*NN‫لא‬NN‫א‬MNN&"NN‫&[وא‬NN>1‫א‬2NN"mNN9‫ و‬NN 1 &NN‫א‬NN<‫ א‬K٤
K">3)P‫ وא‬ 1‫عא‬w (‫א‬
W 1‫א‬M&>a‫אא‬o9 : K٥
‫ع‬NN w NN T‫ و‬NN >X[‫ و‬NN 1‫عא‬NN w&NN 1‫@א‬NN 97 NN
P‫مא‬NN :3NN •
U‫א‬MNN NN #=‫!'א‬NN!(NN9MNN'!NN "2NN"x N |‫'א‬NN!‫ض‬7NNR bNN‫ وذ‬NN‫א א‬
K(‫(ل[وא‬:
taNNT‫و‬2NN" (NN9"tNN"@NN.‫ وא‬NN "'NNUANN‫@א‬NNT1‫א‬MNN&NN 1‫א‬o9 N : •
K ‫א א‬x‫ א‬X[t"c9@T1‫! א‬#‫ و"א‬ 1‫א‬0-Z/[D‫و[ א‬
N#71‫א‬x N|‫א‬cN)!( ‫"א‬9M !(1‫א‬6P‫ א‬/ &
P‫@א‬97: •
K 1‫ א‬T 2"
29‫ و‬N:MNN‫د‬NNTNN1‫نא‬NN.9‫[ن‬MNNRP/ NNT‫ ود‬7(NN (NN‫א‬MNN&NN 1‫א‬o9 N: •
K T‫ ود‬7( 1‫א‬
W 1‫ א‬T cP:‫א‬Z‫א‬7#W‫• <א‬
cNNP mNN‫ وא‬NNP97‫ א‬NN/‫א‬zNNMNN NNTP‫א‬cNNP NN
P‫مא‬NN:xNN
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/2z‫א‬U M‫!אא‬1‫א‬U "MxTMPT
2N"ZN!6=‫ א‬N bN‫ وذ‬mN‫ وא‬NP97‫ א‬N/‫א‬zNMN9 N TP‫א‬cP:'
KMP9 ‫א‬5"6\ P97‫ضא> א‬7:
5"6\‫(א‬# :3 1 1‫_طא* א‬607‫ن‬. 1‫نא‬."
K P97‫א> א‬zM
@ @Z@òÓbĐjÛa@òibn×ë@‡îÐäm@òîÐî×
N>‫א‬FzN2N"2>m: "< (#> 5"6\‫ א‬9!6M
P‫مא‬
MNN NN 1‫ א‬NN T ‫و‬zNN‫א‬MNN ‫א‬NN!1‫سא‬NN "h7NN'NN 9‫و‬E mNN‫ א‬NN >‫א‬، NNP 7‫א‬
‫א‬N!1‫ א‬N>:N> NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬zN‫אل‬N'N9 N"< (N#N>'N93N& 1‫א‬
٤١٢
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
NN6 ½NN"‫ و‬NN MNN&NN 1‫ندوא‬NN.9NN/X‫و‬، (NN‫(א‬NNq‫لא‬NN<2NN"XP(NN‫א‬MNN‫א‬
K3)P‫وضא א وא‬7‫ ق‬l2"c) TP‫א‬
Z@òÄyý¾a@òÓbĐi@pbjqë@Ö‡–@åß@‡×dnÛa
W2"cP:‫<لא] אمو‬2"
‫אج‬7NN <=‫وא‬7NN 97)‫نא‬NN /‫א‬NN !"'NN :MNNZ‫دא‬C‫ א‬NN 1‫ א‬NN T ‫دא‬7NN 1M NN ‫* قא‬NN‫ א‬K١
‫ل‬NN<2NN"‫ط‬NNP:‫א‬NN""‫(] אم‬NN bNN‫ وذ‬NNTP NN.‫ א‬NN# NN!TMNNM)*NN‫א‬
K 1‫ א‬TP .‫ א‬# 0‫د‬7" #‫د‬
KM:‫א‬A‫א* قא‬z(s[""‫<لא] אم‬2"M:‫א‬A‫ א* قא‬K٢
Z‫دא‬C‫ א‬NN " NNTP¹NNP6‫و‬7N[NN""‫] אم‬NN‫لא‬NN<2N"W NN 1‫ א‬NNT NP
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫'"!א‬
@ @Z‘bîÔ¾a@|îz—m
7N‫! و‬NcN)bN‫وذ‬،‫س‬N1‫ א‬¢N¤)*N:h"‫
אد‬P‫א‬n"T
) #‫د‬E٣٩F‫>س‬Ma!/‫א‬#‫>عא א‬EO ‫و‬،‫ل‬C‫א‬#‫د‬79 :‫ و‬l > T‫ود‬
K‫س‬1‫א‬# M*T[ )E١١٧F،‫>س‬M6‫[د‬
‫س‬1‫ قא‬l‫و‬P J
ً ‫[و‬
W‫س‬1‫א‬P J[
MN‫אد‬7NC‫א‬$N6MNNP: N[N"‫ذא‬W5 aN/‫א‬$N6‫س‬N1‫א‬MN9‫[ن‬NP
*9
2N"e NR: NTMN‫א‬ZN<C‫א‬2N"N<U N" 7"X‫س‬1‫א‬P‫س‬T2"x |‫وא‬،x‫و‬7 ‫א‬$6
.‫س‬1‫א‬$6M7<CnT‫و‬2"‫א‬Z‫[دא‬
'X‫ د‬O M‫ א א‬7‫ א‬/MP
‫""א‬z(4
P‫א‬n"T T‫و‬
N[ N97 N
P‫א‬n" ]N‫ א‬NT‫و‬،‫د‬N [‫و‬NP<‫א‬MN N #=‫א‬MN'!aN6 l3،E١٠F
KESPSS20F5"67 ‫ ] אم‬Spearman ‫"ن‬eP‫* و‬/‫ א‬aj‫ א‬97‫و‬¹P6‫و‬7
W */‫ א‬aj‫وא‬¹P6‫و‬7[97 J
NPN""MN‫*ل‬Ns‫א‬²‫و‬SSPS5"67 ‫س ] אم‬1‫א‬P
‫""א‬z(²
K‫ ًא‬# P # t>9‫س‬1‫[نא‬M‫ ل‬9‫א‬AX‫و‬E٪٩١{٣F
٤١٣

?‫>ن‬#? */‫ א‬aj‫وא‬¹P6‫و‬7.[""E١F‫ ول‬#

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@ @P~YPSX @ @P~YPTW @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
@ @P~XPUV @ @P~XPRW @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @P~XQPR @ @P~XPWU @ @W @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @P~YWRW @ @P~YXUW @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @P~YWTV @ @P~YXVV @ @W @ @ïÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @P~YPTW P~YQSQ @ @SY †bÈiþa@ïÛb»g
E٠{٩١٣١FN.‫س‬N>N>TO ¹P67[‫ط‬P:‫ ول[ن""א‬q‫א‬2"¤m9

NN>TONN ‫و‬،NNP<tNN:7"MNN<‫(قدא‬NN:W‫د‬NN#‫و‬MNN‫ ل‬N9NE٠{٠١FU(NN" N/ NN‫ دא‬N>TMNNX‫و‬
K٠{٠١2ًa*W ‫> دא‬T?X‫و‬E٠{٩٠٤٧F */‫ א‬aj.P<‫""א‬
JWM<‫(قא א‬:‫ א* ق ] אمא‬Jz
‫س‬1‫ط‬P:‫""א‬z(sM<‫(قא א‬:=‫א‬
‫"ن‬eP""‫אجא*)? ] אم‬7<=‫א‬797)‫نא‬/‫"!א‬
@ @æbßj@ÝßbÈß @ @paŠbjÈÛa@†‡Ç †bÈiþa
@ @P~YWTV @ @W @ @ïÐz—Ûa@©a@åÏ
@ @P~YRTV @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
@ @P~YSPU @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @P~YUSV @ @W @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @P~YQTQ @ @V @ @ïÐz—Ûa@‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @P~WYSV @ @W @ @ïÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @P~YXRS @ @SY †bÈiþa@ïÛb»g
U(N" N/ N‫ دא‬N>TMNX‫و‬E٠{٩٨٢٣FN>TON ‫ط‬NP:‫ ول[ن""א‬q‫א‬2"¤m9

N N#‫د‬MNNP<‫نא‬yN!/"‫و‬،‫!א‬1‫سא‬1t:7"M<‫(قدא‬:W‫د‬#‫و‬M‫ ل‬9E٠{٠١F
N#‫د‬MN‫س‬N1‫نא‬yNN!/"‫و‬،N.NP<tN:7"MN<‫(قدא‬:W‫د‬#‫و‬M‫ ل‬9،‫א* ق‬2"
‫א* ق‬2"
٤١٤
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
: ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬
N"&N a*N‫وقذאد א‬7 #:?/9UA‫א‬W
‫ول א‬C‫ضא‬7‫ א‬J١
5"6\‫א‬cP P97‫>> א‬, P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫?و"د‬P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫د‬
K, P‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uWM
‫س‬NN "cNN P NN
P‫א‬nNN "T،‫د‬NN [‫"ًو‬NN ‫ول‬C‫ضא‬7NN ‫אא‬ANN X )NN l2NN "cNN )
WfW
P‫א‬nl:T-test‫] אم‬y !d‫و‬5a/‫ א‬l ‫و‬3)P‫ א‬/M‫!א‬1‫א‬
E١F‫ ول‬#
P97‫>> א‬, P‫?وא‬P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫وق &"د‬7‫א‬
?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫"س"!א‬M
@ @òÛü‡Ûa @ @òí‹ä@òuŠ† @ @p@òàîÓ @ @ðŠbîÈ¾a@Òa‹®üa @ @Áìn¾a @ @†‡ÈÛa @ @@pbÇìàa @ @paŠbè¾a@‘bîÔß@†bÈic
S~PST Y~VSS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QQ~TUW @ @ïÐz—Ûa@©a@åÏ
R~XTT @ @QX~SSS @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
R~SUU @ @W~YVV @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QR~QVT @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
R~SUU @ @QU~SVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @S~UYR @ @X~QVV @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @X~TWU @ @ïÐz—Ûa@sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @R~TQW @ @QT~XVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @R~YUQ @ @Y~SSS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QP~PVW @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @R~RVP @ @QV~QVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @Q~YXX @ @W~QPP @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QS~QTU @ @ïÐz—Ûa@‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @R~SWT @ @QT~USS @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @Q~XUU @ @X~RVV @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QU~PXS @ @ïÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @R~RPS @ @QV~RPP @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @QS~UTT @ @UP~WSS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QT~QRS @ @ÝØ×@‘bîÔ¾a
@ @QP~QXV @ @YT~TSS @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
&NN a*NN W N N‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫و‬fWc (NN ‫ ولא‬N Nq‫א‬MNN ??NN P<‫א‬5aNN 6e_NN :
MN NP97‫ א‬N>>, NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬N#‫د‬N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬#‫"د‬
NN‫ دא‬NN>TMNNX‫و‬E١١{٤٥٧F?? N>TnNNR 3NN،, NP‫א‬cNNP‫*א‬NNE?)*N‫\א‬NN‫א‬2NNF N
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W
٤١٥

NN"‫?و‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬N #‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫و‬¤mNN:‫وא‬

cNP‫*א‬NE?)*N‫א‬cN)‫א‬2NF N MN NP97‫ א‬N>>, NP‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E١٢{١٦٤F?? >TnR 3،, P‫א‬
N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬N#‫ "د‬a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫و‬7!iًm9[‫و‬
cNNP‫*א‬NNE?)*NN‫א‬39 Ns‫א‬2NNF N MNN NNP97‫ א‬NN>>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E٨{٤٧٥F?? >TnR 3،, P‫א‬
N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ًو‬m9[Z#‫و‬
cNNP‫*א‬NNE?)*NN‫لא‬NN1‫א‬2NNF N MNN NNP97‫ א‬NN>>, N P‫א‬cNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E١٠{٠٦٧F?? >TnR 3،, P‫א‬
NN#‫د‬NN"‫?و‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫وو‬
،, NP‫א‬cNP‫*א‬NE?)*N‫א‬7N97‫א‬2NF N MN NP97‫ א‬N>>, P‫א‬cP‫א‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E١٣{١٤٥F?? >TnR 3
cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ ولو‬N q‫א‬5aNN6ًmNN9[e_NN:‫و‬
E?)*N‫אجא‬7N<=‫א‬2NF N MN NP97‫>> א‬, P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫?و"د‬P‫א‬
N‫د‬U(N" N/ًa*NW N‫ دא‬N>TMNX‫و‬E١٥{٠٨٣F?? N>TnR 3،, P‫א‬cP‫*א‬
K٠{٠١
?NN NP‫א‬cNN NP‫א‬NN N#‫د‬NN N" a*NN NW NN N‫وقذאد‬7NN N‫د‬NN N#‫אو‬eNN N<[¤mNN N:‫وא‬
‫ن‬N/‫א‬N!"‫س‬N"‫د‬N [?NuWMN NP97‫ א‬N>>, NP‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫و"د‬
N‫ دא‬N>TMNX‫و‬E١٤{١٢٣F?? N>TnNR 3N،, NP‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫א‬
a*‫وقذאد א‬7 #:Wa‫ضא‬7‫) א‬lM‫ ل‬9K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W
NNP97‫ א‬NN >>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫?و‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"&N
*NN ?)*NN ‫אجא‬7NN <=‫وא‬7NN 97)‫نא‬NN /‫א‬NN !"‫س‬NN "‫د‬NN [?NN uWMNN 5"NN 6\‫א‬cNN P
K, P‫א‬cP‫א‬
5"N6\ NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬zN‫ض‬76‫ن‬C /" 6‫א‬AX‫
אن‬P‫א‬U7:3
?‫א‬x |‫نא‬C‫و‬KM)*‫אجא‬7<=M)*‫א‬797)‫نא‬/2'!9 <29.:M
‫ن‬NN/‫אא‬NN!"'NN:MNN0 N‫ א‬NNP97‫ א‬NN>‫א‬oNN‫א‬z(NN‫א‬NNX5"NN6\‫ض‬7NN‫א‬2NN"
KM)*‫אجא‬7<=‫"!אא‬m9‫א*) وא‬
N71‫ א‬.PN^'N /:‫ و‬N>‫ א‬N7‫ א‬N#:MN?N‫ وא‬N ‫م‬9‫[ن‬2.5"6\
jN>:N!6bN‫وذ‬,N -‫א‬Ns‫א‬N<‫&&دא‬:!"'‫ وא'وא‬R93z‫א‬U
N "2N" N‫ א‬N:.">
N‫א‬MN'N1‫( א‬N:mN9‫'وא‬1‫>مא‬X‫א‬e
9UA‫א‬c9_
K "1‫א א‬/:‫و‬x1‫ א‬c):bA ‫و‬e.:‫{"و‬:‫و‬
٤١٦
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
‫وقذא‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫?و‬f‫א‬NN^‫א‬3NN‫ضאول‬7NN‫א‬MNN NN‫א‬1‫א‬² NN/‫א‬0ANNXZNNwMNN‫و‬
, NN P‫א‬cNN NP‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN N"‫?و‬NN NP‫א‬cNN NP‫א‬NN N#‫د‬NN N"&NN N a*NN N‫ א‬NN N‫د‬
‫אج‬7N<=‫وא‬7N97)‫نא‬N/‫א‬N!"‫س‬N"‫د‬N [?NuWMN5"6\‫א‬cP P97‫>> א‬
K, P‫א‬cP‫א*)?*א‬
MNN ‫وא‬E٢٠١٦FU‫و‬/_NN‫( א‬NN‫دא‬NN>YU N E0‫د‬NN" NN‫دא‬tN " NN/‫א‬0ANNXcNN:‫و‬K
M*NN )‫א‬NN P<‫א‬MNN mNN ‫ א‬NN >‫א‬MNN NN P97‫ א‬NN >‫א‬ANN ":‫ق‬NN :f‫א‬nNN l:
(N‫'א‬XN1‫ وא‬N9 -‫'א‬N‫ א‬N>/:f‫א‬U‫אد‬h-N1‫א‬5!/N1‫א‬،@NT‫א‬1‫א‬N<‫א‬MNmN9‫!'א‬T:‫و‬،
*)‫א‬P<‫א‬5a6‫<ل‬2"b‫وذ‬A" 71‫ א‬/‫א‬2"
"& a*‫وقذאد א‬7 #:?/9UA‫א‬W ‫? א‬6
‫ضא‬7‫ א‬J٢
‫?[ د"س‬uWM5"6\‫א‬cP, P‫?وא‬P‫א‬cP‫ א‬m‫א> א‬#‫د‬
K, P‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫نא‬/‫"!א‬
‫س‬NN"cNNP NN
P‫א‬nNN"T،‫د‬NN [‫"ًو‬NN?6NN
‫ضא‬7NN‫אא‬ANNX )NNl2NN"cNN)
WfW
P‫א‬nl:T-test‫] אم‬y !d‫و‬5a/‫ א‬l ‫و‬3)P‫ א‬/M‫!א‬1‫א‬
E٢F‫ ول‬#
m‫>> א‬, P‫?وא‬P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫وق &"د‬7‫א‬
?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬e)‫نא‬/‫"س"!א‬M
S~UUQ W~YSS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~XUQT @ @ïÐz—Ûa@©a@åÏ
T~XTP @ @X~XVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
S~PTT @ @V~XPP @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~VWYV @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @S~PTT @ @V~XPP @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~VWYV @ @ïÐz—Ûa@sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @S~UUQ @ @W~YSS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~XUQT @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @T~XTP @ @X~XVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @R~TQU @ @V~VPP @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~YXQQ @ @ïÐz—Ûa@‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @Q~WWU @ @W~TVV @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~YTRU @ @ïÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @R~WWR @ @X~PSS @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
@ @QW~RWP @ @TS~USS @ @SP @ @ïÜjÓ
@ @òÛa†Ë @ @UX @ @P~WTTX @ @ÝØ×@‘bîÔ¾a
@ @RR~RWV @ @TW~SVV @ @SP @ @ð‡Èi
٤١٧

&NN a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ مو‬NfWc (NN‫ ولא‬Nq‫א‬MNN??NNP<‫א‬5aNN6e_NN:

MNN mNN‫ א‬NN>>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫?و‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"
,[ N /ًa*NNW NN‫دא‬eNN NN>TMNNX‫و‬E٠{٨٥١٤F?? NN>TnNNR 3NN،E?)*NN‫\א‬NN‫א‬2NNF N
K ‫د‬U("
N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬#‫ "د‬a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ مو‬¤m:‫وא‬
N>TnNR 3N،E?)*N‫א‬cN)‫א‬2NF N MN mN‫ א‬N>>, NP‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫د‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E٠{٦٧٩٦F??
?NN P‫א‬cNN P‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫ مو‬N N7NN !iًmNN 9[‫و‬
3NN،E?)*NN‫א‬39 Ns‫א‬2NNF N MNN mNN‫ א‬N>>, NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬N"‫و‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E٠{٦٧٩٦F?? >TnR
?NN P‫א‬cNN P‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫ مو‬N NًmNN 9[ZNN #‫و‬
nNR 3،E?)*‫لא‬1‫א‬2F M m‫>> א‬, P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫و"د‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E٠{٨٥١٤F?? >T
N#‫?و"د‬P‫א‬cP‫א‬#‫ "د‬a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫و مو‬
NN N>TnNN NR 3NN N،E?)*NN N‫א‬7NN N97‫א‬2NN NF NN MNN N mNN N‫ א‬NN N>>, NN P‫א‬cNN NP‫א‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E٠{٩٨١١F??
NN #‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ مو‬N fW‫ ول‬N q‫א‬5aNN6ًmN 9[e_NN:‫و‬
‫אج‬7NN<=‫א‬2NNF N MNN mNN‫ א‬NN>>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫?و‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E٠{٩٤٢٥F?? >TnR 3،E?)*‫א‬
?NN P‫א‬cNN P‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫ مو‬N ‫א‬eNN <[¤mNN :‫وא‬
‫ن‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMN mNN‫ א‬NN>>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬NN#‫د‬N"‫و‬
,[ N /ًa*NNW NN‫دא‬eNN NN>TMNNX‫و‬E٠{٧٤٤٨F?? NN>TnNNR 3NN،?)*NN‫אجא‬7NN<=‫وא‬7NN97)‫א‬
&NN a*NN ‫ א‬NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN N N#:WNN a‫ضא‬7NN ‫) א‬NN l‫ م‬N NMNN ‫ ل‬N N9K N N‫د‬U(NN "
?NNuWMNN5"NN6\‫א‬cNNP, NP‫?وא‬NNP‫א‬cNNP‫ א‬mNN‫ א‬NN>‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"
K, P‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫[ د"س"!א‬
NPT&N ‫ق‬7NcN<M‫دو‬2"89 ‫א‬5"6\1 /" /‫א‬0AX‫
[ن‬P‫א‬U7:‫و‬
5"NN6\‫ض‬7NN: mNN‫ א‬NN>‫אنא‬3NND N "‫א‬ANNX‫ضو‬7NN‫ א‬N ‫و‬5"NN6\‫ض‬7NN‫א‬
N>N1U(N1‫א‬$N6NX N ‫ א‬N>>U NP‫وא‬MNP‫سא‬N‫א‬5a6‫و ن‬h-1‫א‬
Ko‫ א‬/ 71‫> אدא¬وא‬c<M‫دو‬2" >‫א‬
٤١٨
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
&N a*N‫ א‬N‫وقذאد‬7 #:E٢٠١٨¥ ‫ א‬/"F ‫دא‬t" /‫א‬0AXc:‫و‬
NN >‫א‬z(NN MNN NN P97‫ א‬NN >‫א‬ANN "U NNP‫وא‬MNN P‫&א‬NN ‫א‬NN #‫©د‬NN "
KU P‫אسא‬o:©"*b‫وذ‬M71‫א)*א‬eR"M m‫א‬
‫אن‬f‫ א‬NN‫א א‬nNNl:‫و‬E٢٠١٠W@NNl‫وא‬MNN NN‫دא‬F NN‫دא‬tNN" NN/‫א‬0ANNXcNN:mNN9‫وא‬
m‫א> א‬z2"'Xe2*d7
[ 7‫א> א‬z2"٪٧٥
NN"&NN a*NN‫ א‬NN‫وقذאد‬7NN N#:?/NN9UANN‫א‬W NN‫ א‬3NN
‫ضא‬7NN‫א‬
?NuWMN5"6\‫א‬cP m‫א> א‬#‫ و"د‬P97‫א> א‬#‫د‬
K? P97‫אجא*)?*א> א‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫[ د"س"!א‬
N/MN5"N6\‫א‬cNP N
P‫א‬n"T،ً"3
‫ضא‬7‫אא‬AX )l2"c)
WfW
P‫א‬nl:T-test!d‫و‬5a/‫ א‬l ‫و‬3)P‫א‬
E٣F‫ ول‬#
m‫א> א‬#‫ و"د‬P97‫א> א‬#‫وق &"د‬7‫א‬
?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫"س"!א‬M
T~XTP X~XVV @ @SP @ @òĐibš
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @Y~RSU @ @ïÐz—Ûa@©a@åÏ
R~XTT @ @QX~SSS @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤
S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @òĐibš @ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @Y~XTP
R~SUU @ @QU~SVV @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤ @ @ïÐz—Ûa
@ @S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @òĐibš @sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @Y~QUU
@ @R~TQW @ @QT~XVV @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤ @ @ïÐz—Ûa
@ @T~XTP @ @X~XVV @ @SP @ @òĐibš
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @W~TXT @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @R~RVP @ @QV~QVV @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤
@ @S~WUV @ @W~TPP @ @SP @ @òĐibš @‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @X~WYR
@ @R~SWT @ @QT~USS @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤ @ @ïÐz—Ûa
@ @R~WWR @ @X~PSS @ @SP @ @òĐibš @xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QR~VRY
@ @R~RPS @ @QV~RPP @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤ @ @ïÐz—Ûa
@ @QW~RWP @ @TS~USS @ @SP @ @òĐibš
@ @P~PQ @ @UX @ @QS~YPT @ @ÝØ×@‘bîÔ¾a
@ @QP~QXV @ @YT~TSS @ @SP @ @òîjí‹¤
&NN a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫و‬fWc (NN ‫ ولא‬N Nq‫א‬MNN ??NN P<‫א‬5aNN 6e_NN :
\N‫א‬2NF N MN mN‫ א‬N>‫א‬N#‫د‬N"‫ و‬NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬N#‫"د‬
٤١٩

N/ًa*NW N‫ دא‬N>TMNX‫و‬E٩{٢٣٥F?? N>TnNR 3N، NP97‫ א‬N>‫*א‬E?)*‫א‬

K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U("
N"‫ و‬NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫و‬¤m:‫وא‬
3NN، NNP97‫ א‬NN>‫*א‬NNE?)*NN‫א‬cNN)‫א‬2NNF N MNN mNN‫ א‬NN>‫א‬NN#‫د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E٩{٨٤٠F?? >TnR
NN NP97‫ א‬NN N>‫א‬NN N#‫د‬NN N" a*NN NW NN N‫وقذאد‬7NN N‫د‬NN N#‫و‬7NN N!iًmNN 9[‫و‬
، P97‫*א> א‬E?)*‫א‬39 s‫א‬2F M m‫א> א‬#‫و"د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E٩{١٥٥F?? >TnR 3
NN NP97‫ א‬NN N>‫א‬NN N#‫د‬NN N" a*NN NW NN N‫وقذאد‬7NN N‫د‬NN N#‫ًو‬mNN N9[ZNN N#‫و‬
، NP97‫ א‬N>‫*א‬NE?)*N‫لא‬N1‫א‬2NF N MN m‫א> א‬#‫و"د‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E٧{٤٨٤F?? >TnR 3
N#‫د‬N"‫ و‬P97‫א> א‬#‫ "د‬a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫وو‬
N>TnNR 3N، NP97‫ א‬N>‫*א‬NE?)*N‫א‬7N97‫א‬2F M m‫א> א‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E٨{٧٩٢F??
NN>‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ ولو‬N q‫א‬5aNN6ًmNN9[e_NN:‫و‬
N>‫*א‬NE?)*N‫אجא‬7<=‫א‬2F M m‫א> א‬#‫ و"د‬P97‫א‬
K٠{٠١ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W ‫> دא‬TMX‫و‬E١٢{٦٢٩F?? >TnR 3، P97‫א‬
NN P97‫ א‬NN >‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫אو‬eNN <[¤mNN :‫وא‬
‫אج‬7NN<=‫وא‬7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬N"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN mNN‫ א‬NN>‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫و‬
N/ًa*NW N‫ دא‬N>TMNX‫و‬E١٣{٩٠٤F?? N>TnNR 3N، NP97‫א*)?*א> א‬
&NN a*NN ‫ א‬NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN N N#:WN Na‫ضא‬7NN ‫) א‬NN lMNN ‫ ل‬N N9K٠{٠١ NN ‫د‬U(NN "
MN5"N6\‫א‬cP m‫א> א‬#‫ و"د‬P97‫א> א‬#‫"د‬
K P97‫אجא*)?*א> א‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uW
&N a*N‫ א‬N‫وقذאد‬7N N#:E٢٠١٨N¥ N‫ א‬N/"F N‫دא‬tN" /‫א‬0AXc:
NN >‫א‬z(NNMNN NN P97‫ א‬NN >‫א‬ANN "U NNP‫وא‬MNN P‫&א‬NN ‫א‬NN #‫©د‬NN "
KU P‫אسא‬o:©"*b‫وذ‬M71‫א)*א‬eR"M m‫א‬
‫אن‬f‫ א‬NN‫א א‬nNNl:‫و‬E٢٠١٠W@NNl‫وא‬MNN NN‫دא‬F NN‫دא‬tNN" NN/‫א‬0ANNXcNN:mNN9‫وא‬
m‫א> א‬z2"'Xe2*d7
[ 7‫א> א‬z2"٪٧٥
NN"&NN a*NN‫ א‬NN‫وقذאد‬7NN N #:?/NN9UANN‫א‬W NN‫ א‬tNN ‫א‬7‫ضא‬7NN‫א‬
‫ن‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uWM5"6\‫א‬cPD6=‫א‬#‫و"د‬A‫א‬#‫د‬
K??)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫א‬
٤٢٠
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
N/MN5"N6\‫א‬cNP N
P‫א‬nN"T،ً"Nt ‫א‬7‫ضא‬7‫אא‬AX )l2"c)
WfW
P‫א‬nl:T-test!d‫و‬5a/‫ א‬l ‫و‬3)P‫א‬
E٤F‫ ول‬#
D6=‫א‬#‫و"د‬A‫א‬#‫وق &"د‬7‫א‬
?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫"س"!א‬M
X~VXR YR~SSS @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @Q~QST @ @ïÐz—Ûa@©a@åÏ
QQ~TPW @ @YV~USS @ @QU @ @tbãg
S~SVY @ @QW~YSS @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @P~WVT @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÕîÔznÛa@åÏ
R~RUQ @ @QX~WSS @ @QU @ @tbãg
@ @R~VXU @ @QT~YSS @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @Q~PPW @ @ïÐz—Ûa@sí‡ä@åÏ
@ @Q~YWQ @ @QU~XPP @ @QU @ @tbãg
@ @R~VYY @ @QT~PPP @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @JòÛa† @ @RX @ @R~PWR @ @ïÐz—Ûa@ÞbÔ¾a@åÏ
@ @Q~WYQ @ @QU~WSS @ @QU @ @tbãg
@ @R~UPQ @ @QU~VPP @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @Q~SYU @ @ïÐz—Ûa@‹í‹ÔnÛa@åÏ
@ @Q~YPW @ @QV~WSS @ @QU @ @tbãg
@ @R~VTR @ @QT~QSS @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @P~YRP @ @ïÐz—Ûa@xa‹‚⁄a@åÏ
@ @R~PXV @ @QT~YSS @ @QU @ @tbãg
@ @R~VXU @ @QU~WSS @ @QU @ @Šì×ˆ
@ @òÛa†@Ë @ @RX @ @Q~QVW @ @ÝØ×@‘bîÔ¾a
@ @Q~UTS @ @QV~VVV @ @QU @ @tbãg
&NN a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ مو‬NfWc (NN‫ ولא‬Nq‫א‬MNN??NNP<‫א‬5aNN6e_NN:

nNNR 3NN،E?)*NN‫\א‬NN‫א‬2NNF N MNNDNN6=‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫و‬ANN‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e >TMX‫و‬E١{١٣٤F?? >T
N#‫د‬N"‫و‬AN‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ مو‬¤m:‫وא‬
ً a*NW N‫دא‬eN N>TMNX‫و‬E٠{٧٦٤F?? N>TnR 3،E?)*‫א‬c)‫א‬2F MD6=‫א‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /
NN"‫و‬ANN‫א‬N #‫د‬NN" a*NNW NN‫وقذאد‬7NN‫د‬NN#‫ مو‬N 7NN!iًmNN9[‫و‬
NN‫دא‬eNN NN>TMNNX‫و‬E١{٠٠٧F?? NN>TnNNR 3NN،E?)*NN‫א‬39 Ns‫א‬2NNF N MNNDNN6=‫א‬NN#‫د‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W
٤٢١

N#‫د‬N"‫و‬AN‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW N‫وقذאد‬7N‫د‬N#‫ًو‬m9[Z#‫و‬

NN‫ دא‬NN>TMNNX‫و‬E٢{٠٧٢F?? NN>TnNNR 3NN،DNN6=‫*א‬NNE?)*NN‫لא‬NN1‫א‬2NNF N MNNDNN6=‫א‬
K٠{٠٥ ‫د‬U(" /ًa*W
DN6=‫א‬N#‫د‬N"‫و‬AN‫א‬N#‫ "د‬a*W ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫و مو‬
,[ N/ًa*NW N‫دא‬eN N>TMNX‫و‬E١{٣٩٥F?? >TnR 3،E?)*‫א‬797‫א‬2F M
K ‫د‬U("
AN‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW N‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ ول مو‬q‫א‬5a6ً m9[e_:‫و‬
N>TMNX‫و‬E٠{٩٢٠F?? N>TnNR 3N،E?)*N‫אجא‬7N<=‫א‬2F MD6=‫א‬#‫و"د‬
K ‫د‬U(",[ /ًa*W ‫دא‬e
N"‫و‬AN‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW N‫وقذאد‬7N‫د‬N#‫ مو‬N‫א‬e<[¤m:‫وא‬
N>TnNR 3N،?)*N‫אجא‬7N<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uWMD6=‫א‬#‫د‬
‫ض‬7NN‫) א‬NNl‫ م‬NMNN‫ ل‬N9NNK N‫د‬U(NN",[ N/ًa*NNW NN‫دא‬eNN NN>TMNNX‫و‬E١{١٦٧F??
DNN6=‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"‫و‬ANN‫א‬NN#‫د‬NN"&NN a*NN‫ א‬NN‫وقذאد‬7NN N #:WNNa‫א‬
K?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬797)‫نא‬/‫?[ د"س"!א‬uWM5"6\‫א‬cP
² NN6‫א‬f‫א‬nNNl:3NNE٢٠١٧F'9NN N±‫مא‬NN"‫א‬hPNNl NN‫دא‬tNN" NN/‫א‬0ANNXcNN:‫و‬
nNR 0ePN N# UN -‫مא‬N‫_طא‬/z‫ א‬2" ]1‫"!אאمא‬z(‫א‬
/‫دאא‬7"fu‫א‬2"٪٢{٩٥
K "‫א אא‬z(‫א‬MD6‫وא‬A‫א‬#‫ &د‬a*‫وقא‬7 #: 6[‫و‬
‫وق‬7N N#9 N6‫א‬f‫א‬nNl:3NE٢٠١٣FU‫ و‬N#7 Nl ‫ دא‬6t"n:‫א‬m9‫وא‬
MNN'NN!a‫אدא‬MN,NN -‫مא‬NN‫א‬eNN:NN·NNP‫وא‬z‫א‬7NN 6NN!#‫و‬MNN a*NN‫א‬f‫ذאد‬
KM
‫وא‬M>‫א‬U(1‫א‬
: ‫ﺗﻨﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
NN #‫د‬NN "‫?و‬NN P‫א‬cNN P‫א‬NN #‫د‬NN " a*NN W NN ‫وقذאد‬7NN ‫د‬NN #‫ و‬J١
7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN NNP97‫ א‬NN>>, NP‫א‬cNNP‫א‬
K, P‫א‬cP‫אجא*)?*א‬7<=‫وא‬
N#‫د‬N"‫?و‬NP‫א‬cNP‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW ‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬# ‫ مو‬J٢
7NN97)‫نא‬NN/‫א‬NN!"‫س‬NN"‫د‬NN [?NNuWMNN mNN‫ א‬NN>>, N P‫א‬cNNP‫א‬
K?)*‫אجא‬7<=‫وא‬
N#‫د‬N"‫ و‬NP97‫ א‬N>‫א‬N#‫د‬N" a*NW N‫وقذאد‬7‫د‬#‫ و‬J٣
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٤٢٢
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٤٢٣

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‫('א=مو א‬T، ‫"! א אא‬،$%& "#?0_/"ee(#"
EK٢٠٠٩
e(#" ? 96{
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KE١٩٩٣F
٤٢٥

Nd ‫دא‬F، 9‫אو‬j‫ א‬/9 9‫ א אد‬71 1‫א*) א‬tT‫وא‬Koa‫ "(د(&< א‬J٥
KE‫م‬٢٠١٣F،‫אدن‬،‫אن‬j،‫ د<ص‬E١٥F E،‫وא א‬D)P‫ش‬7# E،E 6‫" א‬
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KE١٩٩٢?، 6{/P‫א‬
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1-Burd،Gene 2005 ،An exploration of self-determinatio skills development with
sixth grade students with learning disabilities ،ED.D ،united state
2- Hirok Yoshida. "Development and formative evaluation of the education Media
in service Teacher Training Curriclum Standards" IN:International Journal of
Education and Development using Information and Communication
Technology. 2010. (1JEDICT).
3- Pers،Jon ،The use of bibliotherapy in natural environmentto develop social
skills in young children PH.D،elementary education ،united states2007.
4-wily –blak well: Using children's literature about loss and grieving to increase
awareness ،develop coping skills ،and build community among elementary
school students education PH.D psychology،united states،2011
٤٢٦
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
The Effectiveness of a Training Program for the Development of the Skill of

Editing and Directing the Press for Frist Grade Preparatory School Pupils A
Quasi –Experimental Study
Abstract
Introduction:
Educational media has an educational value that establishes a set of
goals and principles that have a great impact on the formation and
formation of children through their educational stages, as children are the
focus of attention to the educational, educational and media process, and
the use of educational media in school effective and optimal use contributes
greatly to achieving these goals .
In light of the media and information revolution that characterized
this era and the openness in satellite channels and the ease of
communication through the Internet and space, the school must keep up
with this and look for ways to face the negative aspects of the media and
employ the positive aspects in the promotion of educational work, and the
educational activities A key pillar in modern education
The educators have unanimously agreed on the importance of
student activity and the effective course in achieving the objectives of
education and as a means of enriching the curriculum. If the curriculum
seeks to achieve the growth process for students, the activity contributes to
a great deal in this process and helps to discover the talent of the students
and their abilities and tendencies and readiness as it works Activity on the
formation of healthy social relations through the actual practice of various
student activities
As a result, media and education should meet the needs of all people
in a multi-cultural country. These needs must be commensurate with the
current needs in the world. Therefore, new technologies must be used in the
media and learning to achieve outstanding performance for students
through the process. Teaching and this real benefit of the media in the
learning process
٤٢٧

The progressive philosophies are based on the fact that the learner is
the focus of the learning process, and this emphasizes that the assimilation
of the individual may be felt soon after, but what will be remembered will
remain as a change in character for a long time.
Under the modern concept of education and the holistic view of the
individual in achieving the basic objective of the growth of the personality
of the student, both cognitive and psychological, and the importance of the
school press as an essential element of integrated education,
The researcher, a specialist of educational information in one of the
schools, found that she should study for the student the journalistic and
directing arts and prepare a generation of students who are aware of the
press work, journalistic and journalistic skills and develop the skills of
journalism work within them.
The research problem can be formulated in the following main
question:
"How effective is a training journalism program to develop the
editorial and editorial skills of first grade students?
Study hypotheses:
1-There are statistically significant differences between the performance
of the sample members on the scale of the innovative capacity in the
remote application.
2 - There are differences of statistical significance between the average
scores of students who were exposed to the training program and
those who did not participate in the program.
3 - There are significant differences between students (males and
females) in the learning of journalism and journalism arts skills.
4 - There are differences of statistical significance between tribal
performance and performance on the performance scale of the press
release and journalistic skills in favor of performance dimension
٤٢٨
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
the importance of studying :
1. To shed light on the school press, its important role in strengthening
ties between the community and the school press fertile ground for
the use of word and expression and influence and diversity of forms
in the school community.
2. Detect the ability of the press to train the student to collect
information and to investigate the accuracy of the transfer and
circulation of information and dissemination among the school
community.
3. The role of the press in the development of critical thinking among
pupils.
4. The press can enrich the literary and literary outcomes of the students
by publishing some literary examples in proportion to each stage of
study.
5. The role of the school press in gaining the students' collective work
experience through the group of activities, as well as the ability to
provide press skills.
Objectives of the study :
The main objective: to know the effectiveness of a training program
in developing the skills of editing and press release for the first grade
students
It is divided by a set of sub-goals:
1. The study contributes to the achievement of the students in the
arts of journalism (Al-Khobar - Journalism - Journalism - Journalistic
Report - Article - Caricature of the press).
2. The aim of the study is to find out the differences between
students (males and females) in the most able to acquire journalistic skills.
3. Develop the skills of the press release and identify the
topographic elements and the following graphic elements used in the
process of publishing the press.
٤٢٩

4. The study provides a model for the integrated program which

presents the student's experience of many sensory skills to improve the
personality of the child.
5. To provide the pupils with the skills of the press arts by
practicing journalistic activities within the school.
6. Provide the students with the skills of the press release and the
elements of the process.
7. Developing students' information about the importance of
journalistic work and how to implement it.
Methodological measures:
Study Methodology: The study was based on the semi-experiential
approach with the design of the control group, the experimental group, the
tribal measurement, and the trait.
Sample of the study: The study is applied to two samples of each
(30) students and a student of the first grade preparatory school in one of
the preparatory group, one of which is the experimental group and the other
control group is the school Tanbara preparatory joint and affiliated to the
administration of East Mahalla Education
The reason for sample selection is:
(1) the work place of the researcher where a school press specialist
works.
(2) The school includes both males and females and therefore gender
differences can be measured in the application of the program.
The school is considered to be one of the public schools and thus benefit
from the activity quotas and possibilities offered by the ministry for
extracurricular activities, including the school press
Limitations of the study:
The limits of the study are as follows:
٤٣٠
٢٠١٩9 J٥٥‫ – د‬/‫ א‬-‫א‬D4 E
1. Objective limits:
Where the researcher identified the subject of her study in the
"effectiveness of a training news program to develop the skills of editing
and the publication of journalism for the first grade students."
2- Spatial limits:
The study is applied to the Tunbara Preparatory School, which is
affiliated to the East Mahalla Educational Administration. The reason for
the sample selection is as follows:
1- Work place of the researcher where a school press specialist works.
2- The school includes both males and females and therefore can be
measured gender differences in the application of the program.
3- The school is a public school and therefore benefit from the shares of
activity and possibilities provided by the ministry for extracurricular
activities, including the school press
3- Time limits:
The study seeks to implement the training program in the period in
which the academic year is determined and is often in the period from 1/10
to 30/4, which is mostly the study period decided by the Ministry of
Education Through the media education classes that are allocated to the
media specialist in the school and the rate of two weekly per class
4- Human limits:
The study is applied to a sample of students in the basic education
stage (first grade preparatory). It is applied to a sample of 60 students and
will be subjected to tribal measurement before and after the training
program.
Study Tools:
1- Designing a program to develop the skills of press editing and press
release.
2 - the scale of press release and journalistic skills prepared by the
researcher.
٤٣١

3 - Note card performance (for editing and press release)

Results of stady:
1-There were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of
the tribal application and the mean of the post-experimental
application of the experimental group on the total dimensions of the
skills level of the editing arts and the media output in favor of the post
application
2-There are no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of
the tribal application and the average of the post-application levels of
the control group on the total dimensions of the skills level of the arts
of editing and press release.
3- There were statistically significant differences in the mean of the
experimental group scores and the average of the control group scores
on the total dimensions of the skill level of the editing arts and the
media output for the experimental group.
4- There were no statistically significant differences in the mean of the
male and female average scores on the total dimensions of the skill
level of the editing arts and the media output.
٤٣٢

MBSE-Volume 2019-Issue 55 - Page 379-432

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MBSE-Volume 2019-Issue 55 - Page 379-432

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‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ‬

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1- Hirok Yoshida. "Development and formative evaluation of the education Media in

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The Effectiveness of a Training Program for the Development of the Skill of

4. The study provides a model for the integrated program which

3 - Note card performance (for editing and press release)

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