Kinds of Matter

Types of Matter
According to states:
Solid, Liquid and Gas

According to composition:
Element, compound and Mixture (Homogeneous or
Heterogeneous)
 Types of Matter
According to states:
• Properties described on the macroscopic level:
Gas: No fixed volume or shape, conforms to shape of container,
compressible.
Liquid: Volume independent of container, no fixed shape, incompressible.
Solid: Volume and shape independent of container, rigid, incompressible.
• Properties described on the molecular level:
Gas: Molecules far apart, move at high speeds, collide often.
Liquid: Molecules closer than gas, move rapidly but can slide over each other.
Solid: Molecules packed closely in definite arrangements.
 Types of Matter
According to composition:

1. Elements
– 114 known
– cannot be broken down by chemical reaction
– consist of only one type of atom
– vary in abundance.
– each is given a unique name.
– organized in periodic table.
– each is given a one- or two-letter symbol derived from its
name.
 Types of Matter
According to composition:
2. Compounds
- Compounds are combinations of elements.
Example: The compound H2O is a combination of elements H
and O.
- The opposite of compound formation is decomposition.
- can be broken down by chemical reaction
- Compounds have different properties than their component
elements (e.g. water is liquid, hydrogen and oxygen are both
gases at the same temperature and pressure).
 Types of Matter
According to composition:
3. Mixtures
- A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances.
• Each substance retains its own identity.
• Variable composition
• Heterogeneous (do not have uniform composition,
properties and appearance, e.g., sand).
• Homogeneous (uniform throughout, e.g., air). Homogenous
mixtures are solutions.
CHEMICALS
Liquids: Carbon disulfide, hydrochloric acid

Solids: Iron filling, sulfur, Sodium chloride

Videos for reference
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2RqAE0wbqk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Wyst_JaOco
Boiling points of Pure substance
and its mixture
Water (pure substance)
Boiling points of Pure substance
and its mixture
Water (pure substance)
Colligative properties of solution
Does boiling point increases, decreases or remains the same as
time goes by? (5 mins after first observable boiling; 10 mins after)
Videos for reference
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxHHmt6pGXM