A Tradição Cristã - Jaroslav Pelikan Vol. 4

USO EXCLUSIVO DO CANAL GOSPEL BOOK
BRASIL
PROIBIDO COMPARTILHAR
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y[]bÑ* Mi\l_ [ m[hn[ ]_c[ %Páh ^_g b_cfca_h H[]bng[f&*
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^cl_cn[ ^_ >_om h~iji^_g m_l^_mnloÑ^[mj_f[
îonlch[ ]ihnl{lc[ ]eDib[hh <l_h)j Uolcko_) .23/
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?m]lcnol[ ][hàhc][ _ [ cal_d[ ][nÜfc][*
Uolcko_) .211
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[fc[hÄ[ ^_ >_om* U olcko_) .201
P_l* J_lm_aocÄ~i %P_loifaoha&( Uolcko_) .240
= ih+ Q DDD j[j[ =ihc`|]ci Q DDD
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=lh+ Eib[hh_m =l[ohcom
>i]n*Di_^* ; îonlch[ ^[m [fc[hÄ[m %>i]nlch[ ì_^_log&*
< g mn_l^Ä) .355
=o]+ H [lnch =o]_l
=[_h* Mi\l_ [ ]_c[ î M_hbil %> _ ][_h[ îgchc][&
?]* L_òn[Ä~i î fi]c ^_ ? ]e
? j* [jif ?jÑmnif[ [jifiaÅnc][
@fil* j[n* ;hnifiac[j[nlÑmnc][
L_ah* =bl* Mi\l_ E l_chi ^_ =lcmni
Lig* =ig_hn{lci mi\l_ Lig[him* =[mcfÇc[) .23/
=o][h+ Chmn* Bocf_fgom =o][hom+ ChmncnoÑ[m n_ifÜac][m* 2[ ]^+ B _h_\l[) .3/2
=olhº!+ Mshij* Al[hm = olg [hh+ Mchijm_ ^[ n_ifiac[* / pifm+ H[[mnlc]bn) .354
@A:>4:@2:B 7?>C6B
.5 ©:
;W`( Lecsi ;W[jWde #LeccWie Z[ N_e$
;jif* ;jifiac[ mi\l_ [ [onilc^[^_ ]igj[l[ncp[ îj[j[ _ ^[ cal_d[(
JecW& +/+-
Mi\l_ [ ]ih]_jÄ~i ^[ pcla_g [\_hÄi[^[
?o]b* ? llim ni][hî E m[]l[g_hni ^[ _o][lcmnc[
?p* =ig_hn{lcim mi\l_ im _p[ha_fbim* N[d[pW& +/-*
Chôfa* Mi\l_ [m chôfaÉh]c[m
Gcmm* m[]* I m[]lc`c{i ^[ gcmm[
Gim* =ig_hn{lcim mi\l_ im ]ch]i fcplim ^_ GicmÅm* HWh_i& +/-3
Hip* N_mn* >_md_dogî Hipi N_mn[g_hni %H ipc N_mn[g_hníD_hn[]of[&*
D{ve& +/-*
Ijom_( [ol Ijäm]ofim {ol_im %Ijom]of[ [ol_[&* HWh_i& +/++
Jihn* Mi\l_ [ chmncnocÄ~i ^cpch[ ^[ jihnc`c][î î jihnÑ`c]_ lig[hi
Mi\l_ E jola[nÜlci
=ihm_fbi ^[î [i mojl_gi jihnÑ`c]_ [ l_mj_cni ^[ L_ìlg[
^[ cal_d[ ]lcmn[
L _j* F Où* Mi\l_ [m ^_t_mm_n_ l_mjimn[m ko_ [j[l_]_g [ `[pil ^[m
[mm_lÄâ_m ^_ G[lnchbi Fon_li
Moggof* <l_p_ mägof[ mi\l_ imj_][îm* D_ve& +/-*
Onl[k* Mi\l_ [ ]igohb~i mi\ [g\im im ncjim %> _ ]iggohcih_
;Wbel( 9XhW^Wc ;Wbel

; ln*`c^ * >_gihmnl[Ä~i îm [lncaim ^_`cÅ[j_h[m [ j[lncl ^_ j[mm[a_hm
^[ ?cm]lcnol[* DÇd[Xkh]& +02.
;Wbl( Beve ;Wbl_de
; ^g ih* J[of*CCC ;^gi_mn[Ä}i j[n_lh[f î Uj[j[W J[ofi C C C ]ig ]ig_hn{lcim
; h[\* <l_p_ chmnloÄ~i ]ihnl[ im [h[\[ncmn[m
; h n* ; nim î MÑhiî ^_ Nl_hni ]ig i [hnÑîni
;mnlií* ;^p_ln_h]c[ ]ihnl[ [ [mnlifiac[
<f[h^* L_jimn[ |m j_laohn[m ^_ A_ila_ <f[h^l[n[
<l* [^gih* <l_p_ [^gi_mn[Ä}ij[l[ im clg~imjifih_m_m
=[lif( ][fogh* >_`_m[ ]ihnl[ [m ][fähc[m ^_ J_n_l =[lif(c
=h* <l_p_ nl[n[î mi\l_ [ m[hn[ ]_n[ %J_ncn nl[c]nÅ ^_ f[ m[ch_n_ ]_h_W
=ih_* [][^* M_lg~i [][^Égc]i %=ih]ci [][^Ågc][&
?j* ô* >o[m _jÑmnif[m
?j* jif* ?jÑmnif[ ]ih`clg[hî ^[ l_]_hn_g_hn_ f[hÄ[^[ [^gi_mn[Ä}i
[im jifim
@ilg* jl* @ilg[m ^_ il[Äâ_m
@l[n* jif* L_mjimn[ [i clg~i jifihÉm
@f[lg* _p* =ig_hn{lci mi\l_ [ b[lgihc[ îm _p[ha_fcmn[m
B_m* Og[ _rjfc][Ä~i ]f[l[ ^[ m~ îonlch[ ^[ p_l^[^_cl[
j[lnc]cj[Ä~i ^[ ][lh_ _î m[hao_^_ =lcmni h[ m[hn[
]_c[( _g l_òn[Ä~i |m h_\ofim[m c^Åc[m ^_ B_mmbom
Chmn* Chmncnonim ^[ l_fcac~i ]lcmn~
Chp* l_f* Chp_hn{lci ^_ l_fÑkoc[m
H_]* l_`* Mi\l_ [ h_]_mmc^[^_ ^_ l_ìlg[l [ cal_d[
Hi\* jif* L_mjimn[ [im hi\l_mjifih_m_m
I]]* jlip* Mi\l_ [ jlipc^Éh]c[ i]ofn[ ^_ >_om
Ijn* l[n* ; g_fbilg[h_cl[ ^_ ]ihm_aocl]ih]Ül^c[ %Ijncg[ ch_oh^[_
]ih]il^c[_ l[nci&
0QPLNCO C PCSPLO ###
Il^* _]]f* Il^_h[hÄ[m ^[ cal_d[

J[]* _n l_`* I p_l^[^_cli gÅniî ^_ ^[lj[É [i ]lcmnc[hcmgi _ l_ìlg[l
[ cal_d[
Jms]b* I mihi ^[ [fg[ %Jms]bij[hhs]bc[&
L_mj* h_\* <l_p_ l_mjimn[ |m ][fähc[m ^_ d*M_\[mnc[h =[mn_ffcihc( Ej[nc`_
%<l_pcm l_mjihî [^ ^cfo_h^[m h_\ofihcm ]odom^[g
][foghc[m&
Lig* =ig_hn{lci mi\l_ Lig[him
M[^* L_mjimn[ j[l[ M[îf_ni
M][h^* Mi\l_ im _m]}h^[fim
N_iF J[l* =ihnl[ im [lncaim îm n_Üfiaim ^_ J[lcm
Nlch* >_`_m[ ^[`Å ilniîr[ [ l_mj_cni ^[ m[hn[ Nlch^[^_
Omol* Mi\l_ [ omol[
Q_mn* LÅjfc][m j[l[ Di[kocg Q_mnjb[f
>[fm+ B _ilacom >[fcmni
=ih_* _]]f* >_m_di _ íjÑijil ]ih]Ül^c[ h[ cal_d[* C _fg mn_^n) .322
? jcn* n_if* ?jÑnig_ ^[ n_ifiac[* C _fg mn_^n) .33.
Jl* Pch_* F _l Jl_`{]cij[l[ ñ=iggihcnilcogó ^_ Pc]_hn_ ^_ FÅlchm*
C _fg mn_^n) .3/6
>[gj+ G il_hti >[gj_aaci
>_jl* _mn[n* _]]f* Mi\l_ E _mn[î ^_jl[p[î ^[ cal_d[
>[j+ K_nlom K[ofom >[jil_ff[
>c[l+ H[f+ > [lci H [f[n_mn[
?j* ?jÑmnif[m
`l• @l[ag_hnim
>[l[`+ Ei Äi K_^li >[l[`[
><l[om+ &2/6' >ih]cfci ^_ J l[ha_ u=ih]cfcog ;l[omc][hog&
=[h* =}hih_m
>[l^+ _g\+ >[l^_[cm _g\[cr[îl_m h i >ih]cfci ^_ Ol_hni
?j* ?jÑmnif[m
>[m+ O big [m >[m_ffc
>[mn+ =[fp* N_\[mnc[h >[mn_ffcih &NÇ\[mnc_h >b~n_cffih'+ =ihnl[ =[fpchi*
< g mn_l^Ä) .23/
>[mnl+ < fìhmi ^_ >[mnli
? j* Cf_\l* Mi\l_ [ _jÑmnif[ ^_ J[ofi j[l[ im B_\l_om
B[_l* =ihnl[ ni^[m [m b_l_mc[m* K[lcm) .24.
=[n* A_h* =[n_]cmgi ^_ A_h_\l[
=[n* B_f^* =[n_]cmgi ^_ B_c^_f\_la
=[n* L[_* =[n_]cmgi L[]ipc[hi
=[n* Q_mn* ;Föë* =[n_]cmgi G[cil ^_ Q_mngchmn_l
=[n* Q_mn* ;^_h* =[n_]cmgi G_hil ^_ Q_mngchmn_l
>[o]+ d[ ]i \ o m >[o]om Q_h_nom
>=[m+ &.10.*06' >ih]cfci ^[ =[mcfÇc[
> > ihmn+ &.1.1*.4' >ih]cfci ^_ >ihmn[hÅ[
>_h+ Mc][lî > _hig [hi
>_lp+ ? j* H [l]_fi >_lpchc &j[j[ H [l]_fi ..'+ ?jÑmnif[m
>Afil+ &.105*12' >ih]cfci ^_ Afil_hÅ[
>__l* [lg* >_]l_ni mi\l_ im [lg_hcim
>__l* ]ijn* >_]l_ni mi\l_ im ]ijf[m
@A:>4:@2:B 7?>C6B
., <;!
>[l+ Q+ ?j* cg j_l[îl >[lfim Q+ ?jÑmnif[m

>b[o]+ =[h * B _i``l_s >b[o]_l+ Im!]ihnim!^[!%M[hno[lci
>b_f+ K]n]l >b_f]c]eã
<id* Mi\l_![!\[n[fb[!_mjclcno[f!% , !\idc!ô]\iphÑg&
=le* ; !m[hn[!cal_d[!% , !]Ñlepc!mp[nÅ&
Jimn* Jimncf!%BigcfÑ[m&
L_mj* L_mjimn[!j [l[ M bcmji!Hc]if[o
Mn*!pl* ; !l_^_!^_!` Å !%MÑn!pcls&
>b_g+ H [lnch > b_g hcnt
> o*!h[n* Mi\l_![m!ô[m!h[nol_t[m!_g!=lcmni!%>_!ô[\om!h[nol_m!ch
=blcmni&* G_cjtca) .25-
? r[g *! =Nlc^* ?r[g _!î!=ih]cfci!^_!Nl_hni
Fi_* -$*i][f!n_ifÜac]i* 0 pifm+ Al[heòln) .3-1
Imh^l* , !_mn[î!^[!]ihnlipÅlmc[!_hnl_!; h^l_[m!Imc[h{_l_!E!^l*
Di[]bcg!G\lfch
>bÖf+ R åfc[g >bcffchaqilnb
L_c*!jlin* ; !l_fcac~i!îmjlin_mn[hn_m!Å!o g!][gchbi!m_aoli!j [l[![
m[fp[Ä~i* 6ò _^+ Gih^l_m) .4/4
>lcm+ B_\* Ei Äi >lcmámnig i+ BigcfÑ[m!mi\l_![!_jÑmnif[!j [l[!im!B_\l_om
>bsn+ ? [pc^ >bsnl[om
J_]]*!ilca* Dofa[g_hni!mi\l_![!]ihnlipÅlmc[![!l_mj_cni!î!j_][î
ilcach[f!% =_hmol[!^_!]ihnlip_lmc[!j_]][nc!ilcachcm&
>cp+ Kl[a+ ?j* >c^[^_ ^_ Kl[a[+ ?jÑmnif[m
>G[n]l+ &./.2' L o [lni >ih]cfci ^_ G[nlÄi
=ihmn* =ihmncnocÄâ_m
>fc]bn+ Eimm_ p[h >fc]bnip] &Eiî]om >fc]bnip]om'
;hoh* Mi\l_![!^cgc^[^_!_!_r]_f_h]c[!^[![hoh]c[Ä~i!^[![\_hÄi[^[
Pcla_g!G[lc[* K[lcm) .2.6
; hfcfon* ;hncfon_li* K[lcm) .2/1
<_ff*!j[]* Mi\l_!ao_ll[!_!j[aX!%> _!\_ffi!_n!j[]_&* K[lcm) .2/0
=_]* Mi\l_![!_r[fn[Ä~i!^_!Um[hn[W!=_]cfc[* K[lnm) .2.3
=ih]_j* Mi\l_![jol_a[!^[!=ih]_jÄ~i!^[![\_hÄi[^[!pcla_g
G[lc[* K[lcm) .2.0
?fo]*!_]]f* ?fo]c^[Ä~i!_]f_mc{mnc][* =[mcfÇc[) .2.4
Bilh* Bigcfc{lci* >ifihc[) .202
Cfch * Bchim!_!m_koÉh]c[m* Q_h_t[) .222
>_m[j*!F on* >_m[jlip[Ä~i!^_!Fon_li* K[lcm) .200
I_e* Mi\l_!E!m[]l[g_hni!^[!_o][lcmnc[(!]ihnl[!I_eif[gj[^*
K[lcm) .2/3
Jlij*!_]]f* >_`_m[!^[!cal_d[!]ihnl[!im!fon_l[him!%Jlijoah[nci!?]]+_mc_
[^p_lmom!Fofb_l[him&* >ifihc[) .2/3
P_h*!m[h]n* Mi\l_![!p_h_l[Ä~i!îm!m[hnim* K[lcm) .2/0
P cn*!m[]_l* Mi\l_![!q^[!_!gil[f!îm!m[]_lîn_m!%> _!pcf[!_n!gilc\om
m[]_lînog&*! .ñ _^+ K[lcm) .2/-
>fpm+ Ei[hh_m >[fpom
C^\l*!][h* ;jifiac[j[l[!im!fcplim!][hàhc]im!%;jifiac[jli!fc\lcm!][hihcmnm&
>i]]+ M*! N* Ei b [h h _m >i]]_com+ Mog[!^[!n_ifiac[* < g mn_l^Ä) .332
>i]b+ Eib[hh_m >i]bf[_om
; _k*!^cm* >cm]omm~i!^[!_koc^[^_
0QPLNCO C PCSPLO
ó1ó
F on* [ln* L_mjimn[ j[l[ im [lncaim ^_ U?mg[f][f^_f ^_ Fon_li
I\m]* pcl* =ihnl[ im big_hm i\m]olim
J[nl* j[lp* >_`_m[ îm \_\Ém %J[nli]chcogj[lpofilog&
@cn* Ko[nli `cfÑjc][m ]ihnl[ [ ñ[jifiac[*ó ^_ @cfcj_ G_f}h]nih*
D[_fp_]& +/-.
=iff* Fcjm* =ifikoci ^_ -c_cj`ca
=iff* Gihn* <_ff* =ifikoci ^_ Gihn\Åfc[l^ %;]n[ =iffikoccG ihncm
<_ffca[ln_hmcm&* LkX_d][d& +/22
=ih_* Q cnn* =ih]il^c[ ^_ Qcnn_h\_la
=ih`* ;oa* =ih`cmm~i ^_ ;oam\ola %=ih`_mg ;oaomn[h[&
= ih`*;oa* VT[l* P[lc[Ä~i ^[ =ih`cmm~i ^_ ;oam\ola
=ih`* <[m* Jlcg_cl[ ]ih`cmm~i ^_`Å ^[ <[mcfÅc[
=ih`* \_fa* =ih`cmm~i \_fa[
=ih`* \iÉ*%+/-/$ =ih`cmm~i \iÉgc[ ^_ -1/1
=ih`* \iÅ*%V /1/$ =ih`cmm~i \iÉgc[ ^_ -131
=ih`* a[ff* =ih`cmm~i a[of_m[
=ih`* A_h* =ih`cmm~i ^_ A_h_\l[
=ih`* B_fp* jimn* M_aoh^[ ]ih`cmm~i b_fpÅnc][ %=ih`_mmci B_fp_nc][ jimn_lcil&
=ih`* B_fp* jl* Jlcg_cl[ ]ih`cmm~i b_fpÅnc][ %=ih`_mmci B_fp_nc][ jlcil&
=ih`* G[hm* =ih`cmm~i îm n_Üfiaim ^_ G[hm`_f^
=ih`* jlin_mn* =ih`cmm~i jlin_mn[hn_* @WhZ[hm{à& +0,,
=ih`* _m]im* =ih`cmm~i _m]i]_m[
=ih`* m_hn* Qcn* =ih`cmm~i _ ^_]f[l[Ä~i îm Qcnn_h\_la_lm mi\l_ E fcpl_) [l\Ñnlci
% =ih`_mmci _n m_hn_hnc[* Qcnn_h\_a_hmcog ^_ fc\_li [l\cnlci&
=ih`* n_nl[j* =ih`cmm~i n_fl[jifcn[h[
=ih`* Oha* =ih`cmm~i bäha[l[
=ihòn* ]ih`* ;oa* L_òn[Ä~i ^[ ]ih`cmm~i ^_ ;oam\ola %=ihòn[ncijihnc`c]c[&
;edh( E[]( ;edhWZe Z[ E[][dX[h]
Aocf* I]* =ihnl[ Aocfb_lg_ ^_ I]eb[g
Jf[h_( _]]f* K o_cr[ ^[ cal_d[ ]ihnl[ [ ;f_g[hb[ %Jf[h]nom _]]f_mc[_ ch
A_lg[hcog&
Nl[hm* Cgj* ; nl[hm`_lÉh]c[ î CgjÅlci Lig[hi
=ihm* Di[hh_m =ihmcfã
=ihm* <l_g* =ihm_hmi ^_ <l_g_h
=ihm* A_h* =ihm_hmi ^_ A_h_\l[
=ihm* b_fp* =ihm_hmi b_fpÅnc]i
=ihm* l_j* =ihm_hmi l_j_fcî ^[d Å p_l^[^_cl[g_hn_ fon_l[h[*
O_jj[dX[h]& +000
=ihm* M_h^* =ihm_hmi ^_ M[hîgc_lÄ
=ihm* Nca* =ihm_hmi ^_ Tolcko_&=ihm_hmom Ncaolchom&
=ihmc^* =[n* B_s^* =ihmc^_l[Ä~i U^_ ]_hmol[W î =[n_]cmgi ^_ B_c^_f\_la
%=ihmc^_l[nci =[n_]bcmg! B_s^_f\_la_hmcm&
=ihmc^* =ih`* <_fa* =ihmc^_l[Äâ_m U^_ ]_hmol[c î =[n_]cmgi \_fa[
%=ihmc{_l[ncih_m =ih`_mmcihcm <_fac][_&
;edj( ?WifWhe ;edjWh_d_
L_òn* L_òn[Ä~i îm [lncaim io ko_mnâ_m îm fon_l[him
Domn* ?jÑmnif[ mi\l_ [ domnc`c][Ä~i
Jin* jihn* Mi\l_ Eji^_l î jihnÑ`c]_ %>_ jin_mn[n_ jihnc`c]cm&
Jl[_^ Mi\l_ [ jl_^_mnch[Ä~i
@A:>4:@2:B 7?>C6B
// < :<
>il+ E[]i\om >ilc_mcom &>iln_mcom'

= ilj*Dol =[h* =iljomDolcm =[hihc]ë % , ^cl_cni ][hàhc]i&
>_]l* =l[f* >_[_ni ^_ Al[]c[hi
> _[* Al_a* C R >_]l_ni î Uj[j[W Al_ailci CR
? rnl[p* ?rnl[p[a[h]c[m
=ill* ñKo[_mí*$$ =ill_nÜlci ñKo[_mncih_ó
=ill* ñK o[ln*ó =ill_nÜlci Ko[l_ó
>imn+ =ih[p_hnol[ K cá >imn[]]c[li
>jl+ I c]if[o <o^_nom >sjlcom
>l[h+ O b i g [m > l[hg _l
A[l^* Og[ l_mjimn[ j[l[ U***W Mn_jb_h A[l^ch_l
>l_m]+ H [l]_fi > l_m]_hî
>lff+ Ij* _r_a* Ei b [h h >l_ff+ I\l[m _r_aÅnc][m %Ij_l[ _r_a_nc][&
>lt+ < hnihci ^_ f[ > lot
>Olc^+ > ih]cfci ^_ O l_h ni &>ih]cfcog Olc^_hnchog '
; n* ; ni m
=[h* =}hih_m
>_[* >_[_nim
> _[*domn* + ?m\iÄid >_]l_nim mi\l_ [domnc`c][Ä~i
> _[* gch* ?m\iÄi îm ^_]l_nim ^[ ]ihal_a[Ä~i îm n_Üfiaim h~i
jl_f[îm %*>_]l_n[ fb_ifiailog gchilqh&
> Q c_[ &.0..*./' >ih]cfci ^_ Qc_h[
>cjl+ > cjlc[hi ^_ >[ln[ai
<ih* j[n* Mi\l_ E \_h_`c]ci ^[ j[]cÉh]c[ %> _ \ihi j[nc_hnc[_&
?j* ?jÑmnif[m
F[jm* Mi\l_ E f[jmi
? [h+ B[_l* G [g \_ln ? [h_[o &G[g \_lnom ? [hh[_om'+ L_òn[Äâ_m îm b_l_a_m
%?f_h]bc b[_l_nc]ilog&* B _h_\l[) .25-
? [hn+ ? [h n_ <fcabc_lc
Ch`* Ch`_lhi
Gih* Mi\l_ [ gih[lkoc[
J[l* J[l[Ñmi
?[p+ >_`* Al[h]cm ?|pc^+ >_`_m[
>_]f* =f_l* A[ff* Im ko[nli [lncaima[fc][him %=f_lc]c A[ffc][hc ^_
?]^_mc[mnc][ jin_mn[n_ >_]f[l[nci&
>_]f* Nbil* >_]f[l[Ä~i ^_ Nbilh
? _onm]b+ ;hí* Ei b [h h ? _onm]bg [hh+ >_\[n_ [hnc][fpchcmn[ [ l_mj_cni ^[ ilca_g&
h[nol_t[ _jimcÄ~i îm [hdim* R cnn_h\_la) .326
?c_n+ Eib[hh_m ? c_n_h\_la_l
=[n* =[n_]cmgi* >ifâhc[) .212
Jbcg* Mcf_h]c[lj[mm[a_hm ^[ ?m]lcnol[ h[ \i][ îm b_l_a_m
%Jbcgimnigom m]lcjnol[lcilogU***W ]ihnl[
b[_l_nc]im&* >ifâhc[) .20/
M[fp* L_a* @oh^[g_hni _ _rjfc][Ä~ij[l[ ]igi E m[hni ]}hnc]i ^_
G[lc[ ñM[fp_ L[chb[ó _mn{ m_hî h_afca_h]c[î *
>ifâhc[) .2/3
? cih+ [l+ Km_oî^cihÖmci) i [_lij[acn[
> *h* Mi\l_ hig_m ^cpchim
Gcmn* Mi\l_ [ n_ifiac[ gÑmnc][
0QPLNCO C PCSPLO
?cl+ Ncacmgoh^ ? clon[

>cmj* Fcjm* >_\[n_ ^_ Crcj `ca
>cmj* Pch[l* >_\[n_ ^_ Q_cg[l %>cmjon[î ^_ ilcach[fíj_l][ni _n
fc\_li [l\cnlci chn_lG [nnbc[g @f[]cog Cffdlc]og(
_f Ponilchog Mnlca_fcog jo\fc]m U***W Pch[lc[_
U***W -12, U***W b[\cn[&* /[ _^+) .230
>cmj* Ti`* =ifikoci ^_ Ti`cha_h %B[h^foha i^_l; ]n[ a_\[fnh_l
>cmjon[ncih oh^ A_mjl~]b m`c Ti``cha_h chh
<_lhh_l <c_n g cn ^_h Qc^_lfio``_lh&*
U olcko_) .20/
? he+ C [hm ? _h]e &Eib[hh_m ?_he'
<_e* =ih`cmm~i %<_e_hhnhcm&
<ám* M_ >_om Å og[ ][om[ î g[o %I\ =ifn _dh olm[]b m_c ^_m \im_hm&
A_m* Mi\l_ [ f_c ^_ >_om %Pig A_m_n]Ä Ainn_m&
Fc_\* Mi\l_ E p_l^[^_cli [gil %Pih ^_lq[\l_h Fc_\_&
Gk* ?rjimcÄ~i î jli`_n[ Gcko_c[m
Il{* ; il^_h[hÄ[ ^_ >_om
Qc^* L_nl[n[Ä~i %Qc^_llo`d&
? hm+ @ m]in+ Ei Äi ? o h m @ m]i ni
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? ion+ Kl[a+ Ncj* ? i o ni l_m ^[ O_ifiac[ _g Kl[a[+ ?jÑmnif[m
? ig + ? ig _h+ ? ig _hc]i ?igchc]c
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M[ha* Mi\l_ E m[hao_ ^_ =lcmni %> _ m[haoch_ =blcmfÑ&* Q_h_t[) .224
?lc_^+ E_[h ? lc_î_hm
=ih]il^* Mi\l_ [ b[lgihc[ î fcpl_)[l\Ñnlci ]ig [ jl_^_mnch[Ä~i
^cpch[ %> _ ]ih]il^c[ fc\_lc [l\cnlcc _n
jl[_^_mfch[fcihcm ^cpch[_&* Giop[ch) .204
=[j* Mi\l_ E ][ncp_cli _ [ l_^_hÄ~i ^[ l[Ä[ bog[h[* Giop[ch) .201
?]]f* m]lcj* Im _m]lcnim _ im îag[m ^[ cal_d[ %> _ _]]f_mc[mnc]cm m]lcjnolcm
_n îag[nc\om&* Giop[ch) .200
Al[f* fc\* e\* Mi\l_ [al[Ä[ _ E fcpl_)[l\Ñnlci %^_al[nc[ _n fc\_li [l\cnlci&*
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Fc\* ]lcmn* Mi\l_ [ fc\_l^[^_ ]lcmn~* Giop[ch) .21-
? le+ Kbcf+ ? cle &?c_nlc]b' Kbcfcjmt
?h]bcl* G [ho[f S?h]bclc^cihW
? lj+ ?j* H [ln_h ? ilj+ ?jÑmnif[m
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Il* <[m* Il[Ä~i î =ih]cfci ^[ <[mcfÅc[
@]+ Ei b [h h @ ]e &@]]com'
>c[f* ?f_g_hnim ^_ ^c[fÅnc][* <oam\ola) .2.4
>_\* Pc_h* >_\[n_ ^_ Pc_h[
>cih* [l* =ig_hn{lci mi\l_ [ ñN_ifiac[ gÑmnc][ ^_ m[hni >cihcmci(
E [_lij[acn[* ? cffcha]h [h ^ _ l ? ih [o ) .3.-
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?h]bcl* G [ho[f S?h]bclc^cih$ %?h]bclc^cih fi]ilog ]iggohcog
[^p_lmom Fofb_log _n [fcim bimn_m _]]f_mc[_&
?p* M_lgâ_m mi\l_ im _p[ha_fbim( fhaifmn[^n) .20-
Cg[a* >_`_m[ ^[m cg[a_hm ^_ =lcmni _ îm m[hnim* fhaifmn[^n) .2//
G[f* F on* L_mjimn[ | g[fc]cim[ j_lm_aocÄ~i ^_ C(än_li | _jÑmnif[ ^_
?gm_l* fhaifmn[^n) .2.6
MC ., ?rjimcÄ~i ^_ M[fgim ., U.-W
L_j* [ln* ToÑ* L_òn[Ä~i îm [lncaim ^_ ToÑhafci* .20-
Lcn* >_`_m[ ]ihnl[ im [n[ko_m lcnc[him %>_`_hmci [^p_lmom
chp_]ncih_m Lcnc[h[m&* <oam\ola) .2.6
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Fcp*)[* I fcpl_)[l\Ñnlci
J_]* ilca* I j_][î ilcach[f
; `* l_c* ; `_nim l_fcacimim
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>_\* Fcjm* Mi\l_ E ^_\[n_ ^_ Clcjaca
P_h* Fon* ;mm_lÄ~i î \i^_ m_fp[a_g ]ihnl[ Fon_li( E ][Ä[îl
%; p_h[ncih_ Fon_lc[h[ [_ai]_lincm [mm_lnci&
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=[g_l* ? r[g _ ^_Dibh =[g_lih
Chmn* Chmncnonim n_ifÜac][m
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U***W >i]nilcm G [lnchc Fonb_lc U***W qc^_lU***W
Imc[h^lc&* H[a^_\olai) .22/
Bcmn* Olh[ bcmnilc[ [mmomn[îl[* H [a^_\olai) .216
Mog* <l_p_ mog{lci ^[ l_fcac~i ^_D_mom =lcmni _ î [hnc]lcmni*
H[a^_\olai) .22-
Aih+ Eo [h Aihm_][
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Al+ K_l+ Al[h]_m]i O inc V>incE ^_ K_lãac[
<[p* =ihnli E ícgj_l[îl F o cX íP í( E \[p{lci
M_hn* =ig_hn[lci mi\l_ M_hn_hÄ[m
Alhe+ <l* N_\[mnc[h Al[h]e+ ?jÑmnif[ %<lc_`&
Alnb+ Ei b h Alcnb
>_\* jolë* Og ^_\[n_ mi\l_ Ejola[nilci* VGih^l_m) .20.X
B [\l+ =f+ B [\lc_f =c_f
=[h* gcmm* ?rjimcÄ~i î ]}hih_ ^[ gcmm[
? jcn* ][h* gcmm* ?jÑnig_ ^[ _rjimcÄ~i î ]}hih_ ^[ gcmm[* O o\cha_h) .166
@_mn* =l* M_lgâ_m mi\l_ [m`_mn[m ^_ =lcmni* Oå\cha_h) .166
@_mn* G[l* M_lgâ_m mi\l_ [m`_mn[m ^[ afilcim[ pcla_g G[lc[*
Oå\cha_h) .166
Domn* Ko_mnâ_m mi\l_ [ domnc`c][Ä~i
I\_^* [jimn* ? g ^_`_m[ ^[ i\_^cÉh]c[ [jimnÜfc][
J[mm* >ilh* M_lg~i bcmnÜlc]i mi\l_ [ j[cr~i î M_hbil %J[mmcihcm
>igchc][_ m_lgi bcmnilc[fcm&* C[a_h[om) .2.2
M[hn* M_lgâ_m mi\l_ im m[hnim* Oå\cha_h) .166
M_hn* =ig_hn{lci mi\l_ M_hn_hÄ[m
M_lg* M_lgâ_m* Oå\cha_h) .166*.2--
B_lm+ Ei Ä i B _lmih
;j_f* M_ Åj_lgcncî [j_f[l [i j[j[ _g g[nÅlc[m ^_ `Å
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G_cjtca) .546*5.
B [f_in[ B [f_in[) B omn[pi) _^+ <_ff[lgchi ]ihnl[ <[ci [ Ccip[hci*
Mig[) .633
B [l^h_l B [l^h_l) R C +) _^+ Ji_gm i ` A_l[l^G[hf_s Bijechm* 0ò _^+
I ip[ Tile _ Gih^l_m) .63.
B _l\_lih B _l\_lih) B +) _^+ Hcao_f =[ci+ Ij_l[* >ifihc[) .363
Bfilc_or B filc_or) K [fÇg i hd_[h ) _^+)EiÄi B _lmih+ I_opl_m ]igjf_n_m*
.- pifm+ K[lcm) .63-*40
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^_dolcm^c]ncih_ cgj_lc[f! _njihnc`c]c[* 0 pifm+
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Nlc^_hnch[_* . pifm+ Dhhm\lo]e) .553
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=ihmn[hnc_hm_ =ihlcfcog* 3 pifm+ Al[heòln _
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/ pifm+ >[g\lcâ_) .524
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Fcnn_l[log B_c^_f\_la_hmcm [^ ]i^c]ogd(c^_g _^cn[*
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3BGY_CO C ALICY_CO
G= Gihog_hni ]ih{fcihng a_h_l[fcog m[_]ofcR P * 1 pifm+

Q c_h[ _ =[mcfÇc[) .524*.603
H ]cboct_h H _cboct_h) C + R+) _^+ H _hi NcgÄi+ > [n @oh^[g_hn ^_m
=blcmn_fs]e_h F__lm* O b _ C[ao_) .636
GAB Gihog_hni A_lg[hc[_ BcmnÜlc][* =_lfcg) .5/3ó
LBH< L o_ff_h tol B_cmn_ma_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Hcnn_f[fn_lm
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Hcff_l Hcff_n) K_lls) _n+ [f+) _^m+ Nb_ Qilem i ` Dih[nb[h ?^q[l^m*
I _q C[p_h) .624ó
H cl\n*<f[h^ H cl\n) >[lf _ <f[h^) F oln) ]^m+ Ko_^_h mÄol A_m]bc]bn_ ^_m
J[jmnnogm oh^ ^_m lágcm]b_h E[nbifKcmgom* % ` _^+
Oå\cha_h) .634
Hiof_ Hiof_) C [h^f_s >[ll) B fsh) _^+ <cmbij Lc^f_s ih nb_
`fil^ôm Mojj_l* Gih^l_m) .562
Hirih M+ N+ H irih) _^+) Q ch]_hn i ` G]lchm) =iggihcnilcog(
>[g\lcâ_) .6.2+
G JJL Gihog_hnijifÑnc][ _njbcfimijbcm_!Ubog[hÑmnc][dl[lcil[* Oolcg ) .626ó
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_]]f_mccm l_ìlg[ncm jo\fc][n[log* G_cjtca) .51-
Ic_m]f Ic]m]f) R cfb_fg) _^+ <_e_hhnhcmm]blc`n_h ohÊcl]b_hil^hoha_h
^_lh[]b Ainn_m Qiln l_ìlgc_ln_h Ecl]b_* Hohcko_) V.605X
I if[h I if[h) Fc_l[h+ Nb_ Cggiln[fcns i ` nb_ Miof [h^ nb_ L_moll_]ncih
i ` nb_ <i^s []]il^cha ni Acf_m i ` Lig_* Mig[) .634
J[ef_s J[ef_s) Al[h]cm+ Nb_ Jifcnc][f Nbioabn i ` Jc_ll_ ^$;cffs*
I _q C [p_h) .631
J \_lg [h*> ioln_h[s J \_lg [h) C_cei < oaomnchom _ >ioln_h[s) R cffc[g E+ ]ig
U _lìmm) ? [hc_f @+) _^m+ B[\lc_f =c_f+ =[hihcm
gcmm_ _rjimcfci* 0 pifm+ R c_m\[^_h) .630*34
J \_lg [h*U _lìmm J \ _lg [h ) C_cei <oaomnchom _ U _lìmm) ? [hc_f @ + ]ig
>ioln_h[s) Rõcffc[g E+) _^m+ ñ>_`_hmilcog ib_^c_hnc[_
[jimnÜfc][môô _n [fc[ î]og_hn[* >[g \lcâ_) H[mm+) .635
Ij_nn_r Ijom]of[ _n n_rnom bcmnilc[g _]]f_mc[_ _comko_ pcn[g [nko_ î]nlch[h
cffomnl[hnc[6 M_lc_m m]bif[mnc][* H åhmn_l) .6/3ó
K[f[]eã K[f[]eã) Al[hncm]e) _^+ >i]og_hn[ G[a* Di[hhcm Bom* Kl[a[) .536
K[le_l K[le_l) O big [m C _hls G_qcm) _^+ fib[hhcm =[fpchc
=igg_hn[lcom ch ?jcmfif[g J[ofc [^ Lig[him*
G_c^_h) .65.
H[jhÅ K_nlã) @ ô[l^) _^+ K_nl+ >b_f]c]eã+ >li\hÅ mjcms* Kl[a[) .633
K_t K_t) = _lhb[l^) _^+ Nb_m[olom [h_]înigg hipcmmcgom* 3 pifm+
<oam\ola) .4/.*/6
JA J[nlifiaÑ[al[_][* K[lcm) .524*33+
JD* J[nlifiaÑ[ f[nch[* K[lcm .545*6-+
Kfcnn*Fif^_ Kfcnn) B omn[p G _ijif^ ] Fif^_) O b_iîl) _^m+ > c_ Cr+]c
]iggoh_m Jbcfcj G_f[h]bnbihm ch cbl_l Ola_mf[+n*
1[ _^+ G_cjtca _ @lf[ha_h) .6/2
21 SSS @A:>4:@2:B 7?>C6B
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fc\_lcko_ [l\cnl_c =ih]il^c[ chcnc[ _njlial_mmom*
Al_c\ola) .55.
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Tghafcm Q_le_* 5 pifm+ U olcko_) .5/6*1/
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jifÑnc][* 0 pifm+ H [h]b_mn_l) .61-*30
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ñ>_ji_mn[n_j[j_ _n n_lgchi _comó* H åhmn_l) .643
MN Mno^c _ n_mnc* Mig[) .6--ó
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Nn_ff[ Nn_ff[) K+ O*) _^+ J_nlom ^_ í([fo^_* ñNl[]n[nom ^_jin_mn[^j[j[_*
U olcko_) .633
@ mnl[m\olai G [lnchc <o]_lc[omjc]ccm ij_l[ il^chcm n\_ifiailog <p[ha_fc]ilog
;la_hnch_hmcm _^cn[* B ån_lmfib _ G_c^_h) .622ó
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B ån_lmfib) .63-ó
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Mn* Nbig[m Gil_* I _q C [p_h) .630ó
Nb_m* M[fg* Nb_m_mM[fgolc_hm_m6 Mshn[ag[ nb_mcog nb_ifiac][log ch [][^_gc[
M[fgolc_hÖ p[lccm n_gjilc\om ^cmjon[n[log* / pifm+
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O big jmih O b i g j mi h ) >l[ca) M+) _^+ @l[mg i+ Chkoclcî ^_`c^_*
I _q C [p_h) .62-
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nbÅifiac_h ô bommcncmq_* Giop[ch) .64/
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_r \c\fcinb_][ l_ac[ B[hip_l[h[* . pifm+ Binncha_h) .424*31
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j l i n _ m n [ h n _ ) h i ] i h ` f c n i ] i g N _ l p _ n i ) ì c g [ c m ^ c l _ n [ _ g [ c m f [ g _ h n [ p _ f g _ h n _
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i l n i ^ i r [ _ m n [ \ _ f _ ] c ^ [ m ca h c ` c ] [ p [ [ j _ h [ m ò l _ [ ` c l g [ Å Ä i ô ) [ h _ ] _ m m c ^ [ ^ _ ^ _
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9CDLNJ? BCDGKGB? 2-
]igi B_lmih) ko_ ^_]f[lio mo[ chn_hÅÄi ^_ òhÄi ^ct_l h[^[ [fÇg î ko_
im ionlim ^ct_g) _g\il[ n[fp_t ^ct_l cmmi ^_ ionl[ g[h_cl[ Uhih koc^_g [fc[
^c]nolom ko[g [fcc( ko[gko[g ìln_ [fcn_lVô &B_lm+ Pc^* _mj* 0 VBfilc_or 07.10X8
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l_]ihb_]cg_hni ìc jimmÖp_f j_f[ òal[h^_ ^cmnchÅÄi V+++X _hnl_ im [lncaim ^_
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[ ji\l_t[8 jicm Ç ?_om òko_ go^[ im n_gjimô _) jil ]ihm_aochn_) i m_hncî
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&Hn /3+/4') _l[ mom]_nÖp_f ^_ [fn_l[ÅÄi j_f[ [onilc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ &p_d[ j+ .53*55
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[]ihn_]c[ ]ig `l_koÑh]c[) [j_m[l ^_ hÄi h_]_mm[lc[g_hn_ ó ) _l[ c^_hnc`c][î
]ig [ pcmÄi ^_ ko_ h_g ni^[ nl[^cÅÄi [onÑhnc][ _mn[p[ ]ihnc^[ h[ @m]lcnol[
_ ko_ [ cal_d[) jil ]ihm_aochn_) nchb[ ji^_l _ [onilc^[^_ j[l[ jligofa[l im
_hmch[g_hnim &E[]+ Qcn+ L_a* ]bl* /+.- V<lkocffcÉl_) j+ /6/*60X') jil _r_gjfi) [
l_mj_cni ^[ îonlch[ mi\l_ [ pcla_g H[lc[) m_g domnc`c][ncp[ _m]lcnol[c _rjfÖ]cn[
&p_d[ j+ 66*.-. [\[cri'+ H _mgi hi `ch[f î j_lÖiî ]i\_lni [koc) [ jimcÅÄi
^_mm[ pcmÄi ^[ nl[^cÅÄi } j[ln_ ^[ @m]lcnol[ ]ig i og[ ìhn_ ch^_j_h^_hn_
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&p_d[ j+ 012*13 [\[cri') ch^_j_h^_hn_g_hn_ î ko_ im n_áfiaim ch^cpcô[cm
jimm[g ^_`_h^_l+
< ^cmnchÅÄi _hnl_ i ko_ im n_áfiaim ch^cpcô[cm ^_`_h^c[g _ i ko_ _l[
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jl_n[î ^_ ìlg[ ][^[ p_t g[cm [g\Öao[ j_fi ]cmg[ îm mÇ]ofim SDQ _ SQ
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^cmnchÅÄi) m_ biop_mm_ [faog[) _mn[p[ m_ nilh[hî g[cm cgjiln[hn_ ko_ hoh][+
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himm[ m_f_ÅÄi ^[m ìhn_m ^_ g[n_lc[f h_mn[ i\l[+ y []cg[ ^_ noî hi nl[n[*
g_hni ^[î } M_ìlg[ j_f[m bcmnálc[m î îag[ ko_ i ko_ ^_higch[gim ^_
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A67?A=2 567:>:52
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ch^cpcô[cm } ]omn[ ^[ `Ç ]igog ^[ cal_d[ô &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ /4' n_g m_ g[hc*
`_mn[î+ Kil _r_gjfi) ^_jicm ^_ chmcmncl _g mo[ chnliôÅÄi ko_ òh_g i ]f_li
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V.620X .74') og[ bcmnálc[) n[g\Çg _g ]ch]i pifog_m) ^_^c]io niî m_o ko[lni
pifog_ } n_ifiac[ ^_ Gon_li ]ig i og j_hm[îl ch^cpcô[f) ao[l^[hî [nÇ
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^[ M_ìlg[ ^_ Gon_li j[l[ og[ jilÅÄi ^_ m_o kochni pifog_+ < n_ifiac[
^_ og aÑhci l_fcacimi ]ig i H [lnchbi Gon_li) &io <aimnchbi io Oig|m ^_
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og[ bcmnálc[ î ^_m_hpifpcg_hni ^[ îonlch[ ]lcmnÄ ]ig i òi ko_ [ cal_d[
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][om[ ^_ mo[ ko[m_ ch_mncg|p_f cgjiln~h]c[ j[l[ _mm_ ^_m_hpifpcg_hni) hÄi
jil ][om[ ^_ m_o [j_fi chnlÖhm_]i+
K[l[ ][^[ mÇ]ofi mo]_mmcpi him j_lÖiîm [ m_l_g ^cm]oncîm him pifog_m
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S DS io SS ko_ [m î mÇ]ofi DD _g mo[ nin[fc^[^_+ < ^cmjihc\cfc^[^_ ][^[ p_t
g[cil ^_ n_rnim î `ch[f ^[ D^[^_ HÇ^c[ _m]f[l_]_g [m c^Çc[m îm j_hm[îl_m
ch^cpcô[cm îm mÇ]ofim S DQ _ SQ) jil _r_gjfi) Bocfb_lg_ ^_ J]eb[g) ]odi
foa[l h[ bcmnálc[ ^[ n_ilc[ jifÖnc][) ^[ fáac][ _ ^[ g_n[`Ömc][ _ ^[ n_ifiac[ îo*
nlch[f j[mm[ jil l_[p[fc[Åä_m òh^[g_hn[cm _hko[hni [ jlcg_cl[ _^cÅÄi ]lÖnc][
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[no[f h_mn[ i\l[) J]eb[g ìlh_]_ î]og_hn[ÅÄi mo\mn[h]c[f ^[ jl_m_hÅ[ î
òjfol[fcmgi îonlch[c hi `ch[f ^[ D^[^_ HÇ^c[ô _g |l_[m ^[ îonlch[) ]igi
[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi _ im m[]l[g_hnim &p_d[ j+ 6.)..- [\[cri') \_g ]ig i j[l[ i
[og_hni ^[ [n_hÅÄi ^[^[ [im mÇ]ofim SDQ _ SQ j[l[ [ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[+ J
j_hm[g_hni jifÖnc]i ^_ J]eb[g) ]ig i i îm jlcg_clim j_hm[îl_m ]lcmnÄim
&p_d[ pif+ .) j+ 3-*3.8 pif+ /) j+ .31*33) ///*/68 pif+ 0) j+ 51) 52) 020') ch]c^_
mi\l_ [ bcmnálc[ ^[ îonlch[ jlch]cj[fg_hn_ jilko_ _f[ ìlh_]_o i ]ihn_rni
j[l[ \i[ j[ln_ î _hmch[g_hni ^_f_ mi\l_ [ h[nol_t[ ^[ cal_d[ &p_d[ j+ .4.
[\[cri'+ K_fi g_mgi gincpi) [nÇ g_mgi im f_p[hn_m jifÖnc]im _ mi]c[cm îm
][gjih_m_m) îm hi\l_m _ ^[m ]c^[^_m hi mÇ]ofi SQD ó [im ko[cm al[h^_
j[ln_ î _mnoî [][^Ñgc]i [no[f mi\l_ [ M_ìlg[) ko_l hi Jlc_hn_ ko_l hi
J]c^_hn_) m_ ^_pin[ ó [j[l_]_g [koc [j_h[m } g_^c^[ ko_ [`_n[l[g [m ko_m*
nä_m _]f_mcifáac][m ]ig i [ ]ihnchoc^[^_ [jimnáfc][ &p_d[ j+ 051*60 [\[cri'+
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9CDLNJ? BCDGKGB? (%
]ihmc^_l[î _g ionli foa[l+ Lo[hî i >ih]cfci ^_ >ihmn[hÅ[ ìc ò^cpc^cî

_g ko[nli h[Åä_m) ]ig gocn[m ^cpcmä_m _g ][^[ og[ ^_mn[mô &M_lg* ]ih]*
=ihmn* /0+cc+.1.3 VAche_ /710-*0.X'8 io ko[hî i îgchc][hi EiÄi ^_ M[ao*
m[ &Eib[hh_m Nnideipc- ^_ ?o\liphce' f[g_hnio) ò]ig niî i m_hncg_hni
_ [g il _g V+++X Vm_oX ]il[ÅÄi) [ m_j[l[ÅÄi îm n]b_]im bommcn[m îm ionlim
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]ih`lihn[ÅÄi ]ig i _mno^cimi nigcmn[ ][l^_[f Oig|m >[_n[hi &Oigg[mi
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>bclihcmm[ _ ^_ Hcfiján[gim) [j_fc^[î ^_ òi al_aochbi VBl_]b_nniXô ó
hi ko_ ko[m_ ]ig ]_ln_t[ ìc i _jcmá^ci g[cm nl[ac]ágc]i hi >ih]cfci ^_
Ol_hni _ ]ig ho[hÅ[m Çnhc][m) [][\io _hpifpcî _g og[ \lca[ ]ig alcnim
_ jorä_m ^_ \[l\[ h[ ko[f _f_ ]b[gio og clgÄi \cmji ^_ òio cahil[hn_ io
j[nc`_ô &[j+ >Olc]f+ ;]n* .4+pcc+.213 U= N 27015X' ó _mm_ _ ionlim ch]c^_hn_m
^_mm_ ncji) jil g[cm l_f_p[hn_m ko_ jimm[g m_l j[l[ [ bcmnálc[ n[hni î h[*
]cih[fcmgi ko[hni î ]lcmnc[hcmgi _olij_o) hÄi `[t_g j[ln_ ^_mn[ bcmnálc[
î ^_m_hpifpcg_hni ^[ îonlch[+ Kil ]ihm_aochn_) i ]lcnÇlci ^_ m_f_ÅÄi) ^_c*
r[hî ^_ f[î ni^[m [m jl_`_lÑh]c[m j_mmi[cm io n_ifáac][m) Ç òh^[g_hn[î
h[ j_lnchÑh]c[ î ^_m_hpifpcg_hni j[l[ [ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[) _ hÄi ^_ ko_
n_ifiac[ ^_cr[l| Ic]if[o ^_ >om[ g[cm ]_hnl[f ko_ Bocfb_lg_ ^_ J]eb[g
h[ _]f_mcifiac[ &p_d[ j+ .3-*4/ [\[cri'8 i gcmnc]cmgi ^_ B_lmih &]igi i ^_
=_lh[lî ^_ >f[l[p[f _ ^_ =ih[p_hnol[' &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ .63*66) _ j+ 043*45
[\[cri' g[cm [jlijlc[î } h[ll[ncp[ ko_ i ^_ H_cmn_l @]eb[ln &p_d[ j+ 43*45)
./.*./4 [\[cri'8 _ i l[^c][fcmgi ^_ H_hi Ncg~i g[cm l_f_p[hn_ ko_ i ^_
Obig [m H åhnt_l &p_d[ j+ 051*60 [\[cri'+
J g_mgi ]lcnÇlci) g[cm og[ p_t [ ^_mj_cni ^[m jl_`_lÑh]c[m j_mmi[cm
_ n_ifáac][m) ^_n_lgch[ i j[j_f î j_hm[g_hni l_h[m]_hncmn[ h[ bcmnálc[+ J
bog[hcmgi) _g p_t ^_ m_l _r[gch[î _g og io g[cm ][jÖnofim ^cmnchnim ]ig
m_o chko_mncih|p_f gÇlcni _g ko[fko_l bcmnálc[ chn_f_]no[f [\l[ha_hn_ ^_mm_m
]do[nli mÇ]ofim) m_l| l_jl_m_hn[î [koc jlch]cj[fg_hn_ jil mo[m l_[fct[Åä_m h[
|l_[ ^[ ò`cfifiac[ m[al[^[ô &p_d[ j+ 044*5/ [\[cri'+ < chmcmnÑh]c[ îm _mno^cimim
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f_cnol[ îm ilcach[cm b_\l[c]i _ al_ai) g_mgi ko_ _mm_ _hn_h^cg_hni hÄi
m_ gif^_ [ [faog jl_n_h^cî ]ihm_hmi îag|nc]i ^[ nl[^cÅÄi) [aco ]igi
og ][n[fct[îl h[ l_]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^[ îonlch[ ^[ [onilc^[^_ ôl[hn_ [ Çji][
^[ M_ìlg[+ Kil ionli f[î) i l_[pcp[g_hni î ]ihb_]cg_hni j[nlÖmnc]i) d|
hi mÇ]ofi SQ _) ^_jicm) g[cm [ch^[ hi mÇ]ofi SQD) ìlh_]_o \i[ j[ln_ î
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A67?A=2 567:>:52
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h[ _o][lcmnc[) ]od[ bcmnálc[ jfol[fcmn[ [][\io `c][hî _pc^_hn_ jil g_ci ^[

j_mkocm[ îm n_rnim îm j[cm &p_d[ j+ /1-*1.)/3-*30 [\[cri'8 [ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi)
]odi foa[l him _m]lcnim ^_ <aimnchbi &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ 0--*.8 pif+ 0) j+ ..3*0/')
]ihìlg_ jo\fc][îm jil @l[mg i _ ionlim _mno^cimim bog[hcmn[m) ch]_hncpio
EiÄi >[fpchi [ [`clg[l ko_ ò<aimnchbi _mn| ]igjf_n[g_hn_ î himmi f[îô
&>[fp+ Jl[_{ V= L 037/33X' [ l_mj_cni ^_mm[ ko_mnÄi8 _ n[fp_t) []cg[ ^_ noî) [
[onilc^[^_ _g ko_ [ ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^_ <aimnchbi ^[ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ [ @m]lcnol[
_ [ cal_d[ _mn[\_f_]_o im n_lgim j[l[ im ^_m_hpifpcg_hnim hi mÇ]ofi SQ &p_d[
j+ .55*56 [\[cri' _ j[l[ im ^_\[n_m hi mÇ]ofi SQD &p_d[ j+ 00.*0/ [\[cri'+
O[g\Çg ìc) j_fi g_him _g j[ln_) [ [hnÖn_m_ _hnl_ [m ô[m ìlg[m ^_ f_l
<aimnchbi ko_ òh^[g_hn[ [ ^cmjon[ _hnl_ i jlch]cj[f n_áfiai ^[ M_ìlg[
_ i jlch]cj[f _mno^cimi î M_h[m]cg_hni mi\l_ i fcpl_*[l\Önlci &p_d[ j+ /-0*2
[\[cri'+ Kicm) _g og _jcal[g[ ko_ ji^_ m_l og _r[a_li) g[m hÄi Ç og[
]igjf_n[ ^cmnilÅÄi) ò[ M_ìlg[) ]ihmc^_l[^[ _g m_o chn_lcil) ìc [j_h[m i
nlcohì mojl_gi ^[ îonlch[ ^[ al[Å[ ^_ <aimnchbi mi\l_ [ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[
^_ <aimnchbiô &R[l`c_f^ V.623X) j+ 0//'+
? [ g_mg[ g[h_cl[ ko_ Ç [ ]_hnl[fc^[^_ ^[ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[) _ hÄi [ n_i*
fiac[) ko_ gi^_f[l| i nl[n[g_hni [koc n[hni îm îcm mÇ]ofim ko_ jl_]_^_l[g
[ M_ìlg[ ko[hni î jlájlci mÇ]ofi ^[ M_ìlg[) _f[ n[g\Çg ^_n_lgch[l|
i foa[l h_mn[ h[ll[ncp[ îm îcm mÇ]ofim ko_ m_ m_aocl[g } M_ìlg[+ >ig i i
mÇ]ofi SDDD) [i ko[f jliôt ^_n_lgch[^[m [h[fiac[m &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ 0/.*03-') i
mÇ]ofi SQDD) ]igi ò[ _l[ ^[ ilniîrc[ô) ^_p_ _g ko[fko_l ò_mnoî ^[ bcmnálc[
^[ n_ifiac[ô &K_fce[h V.62-X) j+ 16*42' _rcacl [ mÇlc[ [n_hÅÄi [][^Ñgc][+ I i
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_g og _mnoî h[ bcmnálc[ ^[ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[ ^_p_ m_l \_g ^cmnchn[+ Kicm
òilniîrc[ô [koc mcahc`c][p[ [ mcmn_g[nct[ÅÄi ^_ og[ îonlch[ ko_ d| ìl[
jligofa[^[ h[m ^_`chcÅä_m ]ih`_mmcih[cm _ îag|nc][m î mÇ]ofi SQD) i
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l_m î M_h[m]cg_hni ìl[g g[cm ]lÖnc]im &Q[ff+ ; hin* EiÄi /. UG JJL 27513X')
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0IZJ B? O\KPCOC ?ELOPGKG?K? 33
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ni) _ _f_ g_mgi l_mjih^_o } jlájlc[ j_laohn[7 ò>igi noî i g[cm) _r]_ni
?_om) Ç \ig j_fi gincpi ^_ ko_ ìc ^_m_d[î jil ?_om) _ hÄi i ]ihnl|lci)
[mmcg n[g\Çg _mm_ gÇlcni nchb[ n[hn[ \ih^[^_ ko[hni ìc []_cni ko_ ncp_mm_ô
&?hm+ @m]in+ Ir* 0+.6+k+oh+4 VR[^^cha .174.5X'+ Kil ]ihm_aochn_) ]ihìlg _
[laog_hn[l[ <hm_fgi &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ .5/') hÄi _l[ òh_]_mm|lciô ko_ [ bog[*
hc^[^_ ìmm_ m[fp[ jil chn_lgÇ^ci î mi`lcg_hni ^_ >lcmni+ < bog[hc^[^_
ji^c[ n_l j_l_]cî) og big _g m_g j_][î ji^_lÖ[ nÑ*f[ m[fpi io ][^[ j_mmi[
ji^_lÖ[ n_l) ch^cpcô[fg_hn_) [ a[l[hnc[ ^[ al[Å[ j[l[ g_l_]_l [ m[fp[ÅÄi ó
ko[fko_l og[ ^_mm[m ijÅä_m ji^_lÖ[ m_l og[ jimmc\cfc^[^_) ^_j_h^_hî î
ko_ ^_]l_nio [ pihn[^_ ^_ ?_om+ òH[m m_ kocm_lgim l_ma[n[l <hm_fgiô)
]ihnchoio ?ohm @m]ini) òji^_gim ^ct_l ko_ niî i l[]ci]Öhci ^_f_ jli]_^_
^[ jl_mmojimcÅÄi ^[ il^_h[hÅ[ ^cpch[ ko_ il^_hio ko_ i big _g ^_pc[ m_l
l_^cgcî ^_mm[ g[h_cl[+ V+++X ?_om) j_f[ mo[ il^_h[ÅÄi jlÇpc[) hÄi ko_lc[
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Acfbiô &?hm+ @m]in+ Ir* L+oh+.- VR[^^cha .17405X'+ ?ohm @m]ini ó _g\il[
n_hb[ n_hn[î jlin_a_l _mm[ c^_c[ ^_ ò[]_cn[ÅÄiô &?hm+ @m]in+ Ir* 1+1+4+1
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^_ >lcmni h[ ]lot ]ig i i g_ci ^[ l_^_hÅÄi bog[h[+ I i g|rcgi) ]ihìlg _
]ifi][ ionli n_áfiai) _mm_ ji^_lÖ[ m_l ]ihmc^_l[î i g_ci òg[cm [jlijlc[î
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_l[ \_g i ijimni ^cmmi+ @f_ _hn_h^c[ _mm[ c^_c[ ]igi og jlch]Öjci ij_l[]ci*
h[f ko_ ò_o) [i l_p_l_h]c[l [ >lcmni) clc[ [hn_m fiha_ ^_g[cm ko_ hÄi fiha_ i
\[mn[hn_ j[l[ ^[l [ _f_ i ^_pcî fiopilô &?hm+ @m]in+ Ir* 0+.0+1+6 VR[^^cha
.17130X'+ @mm_ òg[rcg[fcmgiô) ko_ _f_ [jfc]io n[g\Çg } pcla_g H[lc[ him
fcgcn_m _mn[\_f_]cîm j_f[ [onilc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ _ ^[ @m]lcnol[) f_pio ?ohm
@m]ini } jimcÅÄi ^_ ko_) og[ p_t ko_ [ _h][lh[ÅÄi î Giaim ìc mojl_g[
_hnl_ im [nim ^_ ?_om &p_d[)j+ .-/ [\[cri8 ?hm+ @m]in*Ko[_mn* v<,8Q0+.3*.4v')
m_lc[ [pcfn[hn_ j[l[ [ afálc[ ^_ >lcmni momn_hn[l ko_ [ _h][lh[ÅÄi ìc ][om[^[
j_f[ ko_^[ ^_ <^Äi+ Kicm òm_ [ ko_^[ ìc [ ][om[ ^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi ^_ >lcmni)
[ cmmi m_ m_aoclÖ[ ko_ [ i\l[ mojl_g[ ^_ ?_om ìc [j_h[m og[ l_[ÅÄi [ [fai
7 MI?KL B? O?IR?YXL !N $
g[cm Vi]][mcih[nog n[hnog Eô &?hm+ @m]in+ L_j* J[l* 0+4+1+1 VR[^^cha /070-0X'+
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^_ ?_om hÄi n_lc[ _h][lh[îô &Qcn+ Aolh+ Koi^fc\* /+./+/ V?_filg_) j+ 55X8
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ko_^[ô) ko_ h_mm_ j_lÖiî _l[ _g a_l[f nl[Å[î [nÇ Bl_ailci) i Bl[h^_ &Rs]+
M_lg* 1 +1 4 VQ C Q V07050.8 Cm+ M_hn* /+0.+0 VAf[dÇb[hm /70/.X8 B_lm+ M_hn* /03
VBfilc_or 271.6v8 B_lm+ G[ah* .- vBfilc_or 57135*36v' &_g\il[ mo[ ilca_g
m_d[ [ch^[ g[cm [hn_lcil) n[fp_t _mn_d[ h[ i\l[ ^_ <g\limci ^_ HcfÄi' &>[j_ff_
V.613X) j+ /0-*0/'+ EiÄi B_lmih ji^_ m_l ]ihmc^_l[î og jiln[*pit j[l[
og[ jimcÅÄi ]_hnlcmn[+ @g \il[ B_lmih n_hb[ chmcmncî ko_ òi jlijámcni ^[
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m[fp[ÅÄi) niîm nÑg ^_ ]ih`_mm[l ko_ òm_ ?_om kocm_mm_) ji^c[ô l_^cgcl ^_
ko[fko_l d_cni ko_ _m]ifb_mm_ `[t_l) jicm [ pihn[^_ ^_ ?_om ]ihncho[p[ fcpl_)
mi\_l[h[ _ ihcjin_hn_ &B_lm+ G[ah* 6 VBfilc_or 571.-*..X'+
< pihn[^_ ^_ ?_om m_ _rjl_mmio ^_ ìlg[ g[cm [\l[ha_hn_ h[ jl_^_mnch[*
ÅÄi ^cpch[) ^[ ko[f i jf[hi ^_ m[fp[ÅÄi _l[ og[ j[ln_ chn_al[f) i jlájlci >lcmni
n_hî mcî òjl_^_mnch[î Acfbi ^_ ?_om ]ig ji^_lô &Mg .+18 Qofa[n['+ Iim
mÇ]ofim SDQ _ SQ) ]ig i him mÇ]ofim Q _ QD &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ 0/.*0.) pif+ 0) j+
..3*0/') g[cm og[ p_t hi mÇ]ofi DS _ [ch^[ g[cm og[ p_t him mÇ]ofim SQD
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nilh[l og ][mi*n_mn_ î [aimnchc[hcmgi+ <m hiÅä_m ^[ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ [ h[nol_t[
40 ? @<DA2<:B=? 5?DCA:>2< >? 7:>2< 52 :5256 =65:2
_ [ al[Å[ ko_ j[l_]c[g _r]_mmcp[g_hn_ incgcmn[m m_ òl_h^c[g [ og _lli ^_

K_f|aci ko_ ìl[ ]ih^_h[îô &Bl+ <lcg+ M_hn* /+/3*/5+.+. V.2//*DD760lX') _ i
[hnÖîni _l[ og[ l_[`clg[ÅÄi ^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi ^_ <aimnchbi+ I i _hn[hni)
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îonlch[ ^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi) [ ìlg [ _mj_]c[f ^_mm[ îonlch[ ôl[hn_ _mm_ j_*
lÖiî) ko_ _g [faohm n_áfiaim jliôtco [ [hig[fÖ[ ^_ og m_gcj_f[ac[hcmgi
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pihn[^_ ^cpch[ &p_d[ j+ 6. [\[cri'+
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^_ og ãhc]i [ni) ]ihnoî) ^_ p|lc[m g[h_cl[m V9^cp_lmcgi^_Xô7 òjlcg_cli) _f_ ko_l
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_m]ifb[ ko_ ijchcÄi i [al[^[ g[cm) ]ihn[hni ko_ [ fc\_l^[^_ ^_ ?_om m_d[
m[fp[ao[l^[^[ m_g ko[fko_l chdomncÅ[ _ n[g\Çg noî i g[cm mi\l_ ?_om ko_
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pihn[^_ ^cpch[) ^_ g iî ko_ ò?_om) hi ö[ail[õ ^[ _n_lhc^[^_) ji^_ ko_l_l
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7 MI?KL B? O?IR?YXL *'
mc^[^_ô j_ln_h]c[g [j_h[m }m ][om[m òg[cm \[cr[mô) _ hÄi }m òg[cm [fn[mô

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_mn[p[g hi jl_m_hn_ &Mi\n+ Jl`+ =ill* 0 V<c\f* Nig*( l_d_cn[hî [ _rjfc][ÅÄi
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^_f_) \_g ]ig i [ _rjfc][ÅÄi _mnl_cn[g_hn_ l_f[]cih[^[ [ n[cm j_hm[îl_m)
]igi Oig|m ^_ Nonnih &Oim+ Non+ Koi^fc\* /+2 VN]bg[om) j+ /-0X' ^_ ko_ ?_om
j_l]_\_o [m ò][om[mô ^_mm_m _p_hnim &Ei+ K[l+ =ill* 0 UM; ./7//X'+ @aÖ^ci ^_
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&<_a+ Mig+ =ia*;ha* .- V.2-07.-0pX8 <_a+ Mig *Koi^fc\* .+.- V.3137/.*/0X')
j_fi g_him jil ]ihd_]nol[+ @f_ ]b_aio } ]ih]fomÄi ^_ ko_ i giî ]igi
?_om ]ihb_]c[ i ònoli ^_p_ m_l i g_mgi g iî ]ig i ]ihb_]_ i jl_m_hn_
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]ihn_gjil~h_im ^_ ? ohm @m]ini ko_ ji^_gim [p[fc[l i dofa[g_hni ^_ ko_
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=[hn* .2+164*658 P\+ >[m+ M[h]f* [j* V; FE = G ; /71-0X8 C_hl+ G[ha+ =ih]_jn*
.+0 V.2.37. pX8 Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg* hip* /2 vKibf 37/04X') hÄi l_mifp_o i jli\f_g[
^_ ]ig i [ m[hnc^[^_ ãhc][ ^_f[ nchb[ ^_ _mn[l [fchb[^[ ]ig [ ohcp_lm[fc^[^_
î j_][î ilcach[f &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /.2'+ Lo[hî Oig|m ^_ <kochi _ =ih[*
p_hnol[ gill_l[g _g ./41) i jli\f_g[ [ch^[ hÄi _mn[p[ gocni g[cm j_lni
^_ m_l l_mifpcî8 _ [ f_h^[ ^_ ko_ ?ohm @m]ini h[m]_l[ h[ko_f_ [hi &p_d[ j+
35 []cg[') `[ni bcmnilc][g_hn_ ch_r[ni _g\il[ n[fp_t jimm[ m_l pcmni ]ig i [
_rjl_mmÄi ^_ mo[ ]ihnlc\ocÅÄi bcmnálc][ j[l[ [ îonlch[ ^_ H[lc[) jicm ìc _f_
òko_g ch`f[gio [ Al[hÅ[ jil H[lc[ m_g g|]of[ô &Cje+ Jgm* 11 VB[l^h_l) j+
51X'+ J îag[ ko_) hi `cg) j[mmio [ m_l i`c]c[f _g .521) [ch^[ hÄi nig[l[
ìlg[ ko[hî m_ chc]cio i j_lÖiî ]i\_lni jil _mn_ pifog_ ^_mn[ i\l[) g[m
h[ Çji][ _g ko_ _mm_ j_lÖiî [][\io b[pc[ gocni jio][ mo\mn~h]c[ [ m_l
[]l_m]_hn[^[+ Jm n_áfiaim `l[h]cm][him ó m_aochî [ fc^_l[hÅ[ ^_ ?ohm
@m]ini) _g p_t ^_ jlch]cj[fg_hn_ ^_ m_o g_mnl_ [hn_lcil) =ih[p_hnol[ ó
j[mm[l[g [ m_l ^_`_hmil_m ^[ hip[ g[lcifiac[) _hko[hni gocnim îgchc][him)
_g j[ln_ _g ^_`_m[ ^_ m_o g_mnl_ Oig|m ^_ <kochi) j[mm[l[g [ m_ ij i l [
0 PN?KOJGOOXL B? EN?Y?
### 51
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<kochi) \_g ]igi) hi ko_ m_ l_`_l_ [ _mm_ [mmohni) [fÇg ^_ =_lh[lî ^_
>f[l[p[f _ ^_ =ih[p_hnol[ &<g\l+ >[nb+ Cg[]* / V.21/72/X8 <g\l+ >[nb+ [j+
>Olc^+ ; ]n* .3+rcc+.213 V 9 2 7 4 / - õ44¡X'+
Jm n_g[m nl[^c]cih[cm ^[ g[lcifiac[ j[nlÖmnc][ _ g_^c_p[f) ]ihìlg _ [nÇ
g_mgi og[ [gimnl[a_g moa_l_ &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ .-/*6)/-0*.6') ]ihncho[l[g
[ `caol[l ^_ g iî jli_gch_hn_ h_mm_ j_lÖiî7 i [hncai j[l[f_fcmgi ^_ @p[ _
H[lc[ &ko_ j_lgcnco [ chp_lmÄi ò@ p [ ,<p_ô' &<a+ Mig+ M_lg* g[a* 3 VUoge_ff_l)
j+ .0.X8 B[\l+ =f+ n_mn* G[l* .).0 V.1667<fp+*</l) B/pX'8 [ ^_`chcÅÄi ]ih]cfc[l
^_ H[lc[ ]ig i Nb_inieim &Cm+ M_hn* 0+1+2 VAf[dÉb[hm /71-1X8 P\+ >[m+ ; lb* pcn*
.+.. V?[pcm) j+ 35X'8 _ [ c^_hnc`c][ÅÄi ^_ H[lc[ &_ n[g\Çg ^[ cal_d[' ]ig i [
ògofb_l p_mnc^[ î mifô ^_ <ji][fcjm_ ./+. &Ic]if+ >om+ M_lg* 3+.8 58 .0*.2
VC_c^_f\_la .37.-3) .11*418 /2/*3-X8 E[]+ Hcm+ Td_p* ./+. UJl[g* .57120X'+ J
nÖnofi òM[chb[ ^[m gcm_lc]ál^c[mô) _hnl_ im gocnim nÖnofim ^_ H[lc[ ó ]igi
ò[ p_h_l|p_f gÄ_ ^_ E_mom) l[chb[ î ]Ço) aip_lh[hn_ î g ohîô &Oim+
F_gj+ Pcn* =l* .+/+/2 VKibf 27.20X8 Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg* >ig ≥ 38 4 VKibf 07638
.-1*2X' ó j[l_]c[ n_l og foa[l _mj_]c[f jil ][om[ ^_ mo[ Ñh`[m_ hi ]oc^[î
^_f[ ]ig [ bog[hc^[^_ &Km[f\+ H+ G[l* .3/ V=ilah_n 047/04X'+ J m _m]lcnil_m
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g[n_lhc^[^_ ^_ H[lc[) ]ih]fochî ko_ mo[ g[n_lhc^[^_ ^cpch[ _l[ og \_g
[ch^[ g[cil ko_ mo[ pclach^[^_ j_l`_cn[ &<_a+ Mig+ Koi^fc\* 3+.5 V.31371.0)
1.2X8 B_lm+ G[ah* 1 VBfilc_or 57///X Km[f\+ H+ G[l* .1/ V=ilah_n 047/-.X'+
< il[ÅÄi <p_ H[lc[) ]f[mmc`c][^[ [i f[î î K[c I immi ]ig i [ g[cm m[hn[ ^_
ni^[m [m il[Åä_m &Oim+ F_gj+ ?jcn* gih* 2 VKibf 17.14*15X') ]ihnchoio [ m_lpcl
]igi og n_rni j[l[ _rjil [m jl_llia[ncp[m ^_ H[lc[ &Ei+ Moj+ M_lg* 5 V@ CJ N rn
./7.4X'+ @hnl_ _mm[m jl_llia[ncp[m) ]ihìlg_ _hog_l[^[m h[ <p_ H[lc[) [ `l[m_
ò]b_c[ ^_ al[Å[ô &Qofa[n[ G] .+/58 ò]b_c[ ^_ al[Å[ô' [jihn[ j[l[ [ ko[fc^[^_
ko_ [ m_j[l[ [nÇ g_mgi îm g[cil_m _hnl_ im ionlim m[hnim &B_lm+ G[ah* ..
vBfilc_or 5715-X8 Oim+ F_gj+ Nl* n[\_lh* / VKibf .704) 1/X8 Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg*
`l[n* 1 VKibf .7.-.*/X'8 _f[ ìc ^_ `[ni m_j[l[^[ ^_ niîm im [hdim _ n[g\Çg
^_ ni^[ [ bog[hc^[^_ &Q[ff+ Picoj* 0+.5*.6 VG JJL 27651X'+ @g \il[ @mnÑpÄi
n[g\Çg n_hb[ mcî ]b[g[î ò]b_ci ^[ al[Å[ô _g <nim 3+5) H[lc[) n[fp_t d|
ôl[hn_ mo[ pc^[) g[m ]ig ]_ln_t[ hi `cg ^_mn[) jimmoÖ[ _mm[ jf_hcno^_ òhi
_mn[î g|rcgi jimmÖp_f j[l[ og giln[fô &B[\l+ =f+ M[h]n* 3 v.1667==1lv8
B[\l+ =f+ n_mn* G [l /. V.1667G/pX8 Rs]+ M_lg* /+.. UQ FQ 56-2V&* Kil ionli
f[î) n[g\Çg ìc h_]_mm|lci _h`[nct[l ko_ [ jf_hcno^_ ^[ al[Å[ jl_^cn[ j[l[
>lcmni _g j[mm[a_hm ]ig i EiÄi .+.1 n[g\Çg i m_j[l[g ^_ mo[ gÄ_) og[
-* . ? @<DA2<:B=? 5?DCA:>2< >? 7:>2< 52 :5256 =65:2
p_t ko_ [ al[Å[ ^_ H[lc[ _l[ og[ al[Å[ ko_ nchb[ ^_ m_l l_]_\c^[ [hn_m ^_
m_l ^[^[ [im ionlim8 _hko[hni [ al[Å[ ^_f_ _l[ mo[ g_mg[ _) _g pclno^_ ^_
mo[ h[nol_t[ ^cpch[) òm_g fcgcn[Åä_mô Li 0+01) Qofa[n[' &=[lnb+ Kcm+ Ko[^*
23 V.1657M1lX8 Km[f\+ H+ G [l 018 .31 X=ilah_n 0474.*418 /1.X8 B_lm+ G[ah*
2 VBfilc_or 57/13X'+
< h_]_mmc^[^_ [\mifon[ ^_ og[ ^cmnchÅÄi ko[fcn[ncp[ _hnl_ >lcmni _ H[lc[
&P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn .+4 V?[pcm) j+ ./5X8E[]+ Qcn+Koi^fc\* /+.5 VTjg[ .7.60X' m_lpco
]igi og[ l_mnlcÅÄi } n_h^Ñh]c[ ko_ d| m_ nilh[l[ pcmÖp_f ^_ [nlc\ocl [ H[lc[
i nÖnofi ^_ òg_^c[îl[ô &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /-6*./') nÖnofi _mm_ ko_ _h]ihnlio
ôl[hn_ _mm_ j_lÖiî og _fiko_hn_ jiln[*pit _g Oig|m ^_ F_gjcm &Oim+
F_gj+ Mifcfik* /08 /1 VKibf .70//8 0/3X'+ @f_ ]b[g[p[ H[lc[ ^_ ò[ _rjc[îl[
^_ niîm im j_][îm ko_ ]ig_nÖô _ ^_ ògchb[ ãhc][ _mj_l[hÅ[ô &Oim+ F_gj+
Pcn* =l* .+/+/3 VKibf 27.32X'8 _l[ jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_f[ ko_ ni^[m [m gcm_lc]ál^c[m
_mn[p[g a[l[hnc^[m &Oim+ F_gj+ Il[f 4 j i b f 07023X') _ Ç jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[
chn_l]_mmÄi ^_ H[lc[ ko_ ni^[m [m il[Åä_m _l[g iopc^[m+ <j_m[l ^_ >lcmni) _g
mo[m bil[m `ch[cm ^_ h_]_mmc^[^_) hÄi n_l \om][î ]ihmifi h_f[ &Oim+ F_gj+
>cm]* ]f* .1 VKibf /70./*.0X8 Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg* >ig* 68 .- j i b f 07..3)./5X')
im giln[cm nchb[g ^_ \om][l _mm_ ]ihmifi &Oim+ F_gj+ P cn =l* .+/+/4 j i b f
27.35*36X+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) ]c_ ^cmm_7 òIÄi \omko_ [j_h[m [d_momô &Oim+ F_gj+
P[ff* fcf* 00 VKibf 17./4X') g[m òE_mom [ mo[ ^cl_cn[ _ H[lc[ [ mo[ _mko_l^[ô+
Q|lcim nÖnofim) jl_llia[ncp[m) òhÅä_m _ j[mm[a_hm _m]lcnol[cm ko_ j_ln_h]c[g
ilcach[fg_hn_ [ >lcmni &Oim+ F_gj+ >cm]* ]f* 5 j i b f /7/64X8 Oim+ F_gj+ Mjcl*
_r* 0 j i b f /7002X8 Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg* hip* /.8 // VKibf 37/-18 /.4X' [ail[) jil
_rn_hmÄi) mÄi ònl[hm`_lc^[mô j[l[ H[lc[ &B_lm+ G[ah* .. VBfilc_or 57153X'+ Pg
îm n_rnim jlip[ g[cm cgjiln[hn_m îm jlcg_clim ^_\[n_m mi\l_ [ Olch^[^_
ìl[ KlipÇl\cim 5+//*0. &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ /-/*5') ]ncd[ ^_mcah[ÅÄi ^[ N[\_îlc[
j_lmihc`c][^[ ]ig i mojl_g[ _hnl_ [m ]lc[nol[m ^_ ?_om ìl[ i jihni ]lo]c[f
^[ îonlch[ ilniîr[8 g[m [ail[ _mm[ j[mm[a_g j[mm[l[ [ m_l og[ l_`_lÑh]c[
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B[\l+ =f+ @_mn* G[l* ./ V.1667A4pX'+ Pg n_áfiai î mÇ]ofi SDDD) chp_ln_hî
[m j[f[pl[m ^_ EiÄi 0+.3) ji^_lÖ[ ^ct_l7 òH[lc[ n[hni [gio i gohî) io m_d[
im j_][îl_m) ko_ ^_o i m_o Acfbi ãhc]i j[l[ [ m[fp[ÅÄi î g ohîô &Mc]b+ N+
G[ol+ F[o^* G[l* 1+.6+3 X=ilah_n 037//2X'+ <m j[f[pl[m ^_ H[n_om /-+/5 mi\l_
>lcmni ^[l [ pc^[ j[l[ [ l_^_hÅÄi ^_ gocnim &B[\l+ =f+ @_mn* G[l* 0 V.1667=1lX'
n[g\Çg j[mm[l[g [ l_`_lcl*m_ [ H[lc[ &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ /3/*32') ko[hni [ cmmi)
n_rnim*jlip[ ]lcmnifáac]im ]ig i Acfcj_hm_m /+2*..) C_\l_om .+.)/ _ [nÇ g_m*
gi H[n_om ..+/4 &<ha+ >c[l+ ?j* 1+/ V;FE A G ; .7225X') j[mm[l[g n[g\Çg
[ ^ct_l l_mj_cni [ Al[h]cm]i &=[lnb+ Kcm+ =ihìlg* .0+/+/ U;h[f@l[h] 27/. X'+
0 PN?KOJGOOXL B? EN?Y?
I -+
O[g jio]i ìc [j_h[m [ òhÅÄi ^_ >lcmni ko_ H[lc[ [mmogco) g[m ^_jicm
^[ [m]_hmÄi ^_f_ [i ]Ço) ò[ pcla_g j_lg[h_]_ h[ n_ll[ _ dohni ]ig i @mjÖlcni
N[hni) ]igi >ihmif[îl _ H_mnl_) _f[ m_ nilh[ [ ]ihìln[îl[ _ g_mnl[ îm
^cm]Öjofimô &B[\l+ =f+ @_mn* G[l* 0 v.1667=1lX'+ @f[ ìl[ [ jli`_mmil[ ^_ EimÇ
[ l_mj_cni îm ^_n[fb_m ^[ _h][lh[ÅÄi &B_lm+ G[ah* ./ VBfilc_or 572/4X'8 _
h[ ]lo]c`c][ÅÄi) ko[hî niîm im ^cm]Öjofim `l[ko_d[l[g _g mo[ `Ç) má _f[
_l[ ò[ cal_d[ nin[f _ [ `Ç nin[f ^[ cal_d[ ]lcmnÄô &<ff+ F_a* V?o Kch .7333X8 P\+
>[m*; l\ * pcn* 1+/4 V?[pcm) j+ 010X8Ei+ =l_p+ Nl[]n* .+08 0+/ V?o Kch .750/8 555X8
Oim+ F_gj+ Pcn* =l* .+/+/3 VKibf 27.26X'+ < jlig_mm[7 òJ m m_om `cfbim _ [m
mo[m `cfb[m jli`_nct[lÄiô -./+/5') ]ogjlc^[ hi K_hn_]imnÇm &<n /+.4') mcahc*
`c][p[ ko_ <f[lc[ m_ dohn[l[ [im [jámnifim h[ jli`_nct[ÅÄi &B_lm+ M_lg* /148
/16 VBfilc_or 272/0*/18 220X'+ Kiln[hni) m_lc[ jimmÖp_f ^ct_l ko_ _f[ n[g\Çg
i\n_p_ i [jimnif[î &Km[f\+ H+ G[l* ..6 V=ilah_n 047.40*41X') h[ p_l^[^_)
H[lc[) _g m_o ]ihb_]cg_hni) _r]_^_o niîm im [jámnifim) jli`_n[m _ `cfámiìm
&Cm+ Jimn* [^* 0- VMsÇ|h_e .07./2X8 B_lm+ G[ah* 6 VBfilc_or 5705/*51X'+ H[lc[)
]igi ò[ g_mnl[ ^[ p_l^[^_ô -i+ Moj+ M_lg* 5 v @NJ N rn ./7/0V') l_p_fio j[l[
im _p[ha_fcmn[m) _g _mj_]c[f j[l[ Go][m) [m j[ln_m ^[ bcmnálc[ î _p[ha_fbi
ko_ [j_h[m _f[ ]ihb_]c[+ @f[ n[g\Çg [aco ]ig i ò]ihmofnil[ô j[l[ [ ]ig*
jcf[ÅÄi î >l_î îm <jámnifim+ Kicm >lcmni) òm_g ^ãpc^[ô) &Km[f\+ H+ G[l*
46 D=ilah_n 047.03X8 B_lm+ G[ah* /8 38 68 .. VBfilc_or 5+.6.8 /448 1.08 15.X8
Oim+ F_gj+ M_lg* >ig* 01 VKibf 070-0X8 B[\l+ =f+ n_mn* G[l* 2+/ V.1667>1pX')
^_jicm ^[ l_mmoll_cÅÄi) `_t og[ [j[lcÅÄi _mj_]c[f j[l[ _f[ &B_lm+ G[ah* ./
VBfilc_or 572/5*/6X') hÄi g_h]cih[^[ hi Iipi O_mn[g_hni) [hn_m ^_ [j[l_]_l
j[l[ g[cm [faoÇg+ H[lc[) ò_mn[hî nin[fg_hn_ ]b_c[ ]ig i @mjÖlcni N[hniô)
m_lpco [mmcg ]ig i g_mnl[ îm [jámnifim _ ^_ ni^[ [ cal_d[ &Ic]if+ >om+ M_lg*
./+. VC_c^_f\_la .37/10*11X8 P\+ >[m*; l\ * pcn* 1+/6 V?[pcm) j+ 02.*2/X8 Oim+
F_gj+ P cn =l* /+.+3 j i b f 27/2/*20V8 Rs]+ M_lg* .+/2 VQ F Q 57.33v'+ I[
p_l^[^_) H[lc[ _l[ òi l_jimcnálci ^_ niîm im fcplim î <hncai O_mn[g_hni _
îm _p[ha_fbim) niîm im ko[cm _f[ ]ihb_]c[ ]igjf_n[g_hn_ô &P\+ >[m+ ;l\*
pcn* 1+01 V?[pcm) j+ 034X' &Mc]b+ N+ G[ql+ F[o^* G[l* .-+.5 V=ilah_n 037164X'+
Pg[ p_t ko_ i Iipi O_mn[g_hni jliÖ\_ [m gofb_l_m ^_ `[f[l h[ cal_d[ io
^_ _hmch[l _ n_l [onilc^[^_ mi\l_ im big_hm &D> i .1+018 fO g /+./') _hnÄi
h_g g_mgi H[lc[ nchb[ j_lgcmmÄi j[l[ `[t_l _mm[m ]icm[m &B_lm+ ? r * î]n*
/+/ VBfilc_or 67134*35X'+ Lo[hî H[lc[ l_p_fio im `[nim ^[ pc^[ ^_ >lcmni
j[l[ im [jámnifim _ _p[ha_fcmn[m) _f[ hÄi jl_aio jo\fc][g_hn_ h_g omoljio
i ][l|n_l m[]_lîn[f) g[m mo[ jimcÅÄi ]ig i g_^c[îl[ _l[ òg[cm _gch_hn_ô
&B_lm+ G[ah* ..8 0 VBfilc_or 572-28 /.2X' ko_ [ ^_ ko[fko_l [jámnifi io m[*
]_lî n_+ Pg g[ho[f ^_ l_nálc][ î mÇ]ofi SDQ) nl[ôtchî i hig_ ^_ H[lc[
? @<DA2<:B=? ??DCA:>2< >? 7:>2< 52 :5256 =65:2
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]ig i òcfogch[îl[ô) ^_m]l_p_o*[ ]ig i [ g_^c[îl[ ko_ cfogchio im ifbim
î jl_a[îl j[l[ ko_ _f_ _hn_h^_mm_ _ chn_ljl_n[mm_ g_fbil [ @m]lcnol[ &Oim+
R[f+ =igj* m_lg* 0 V>b[lf[h^) j+ 021X'+
Kiln[hni) ò]ig i i Acfbi Ç i H_^c[îl _hnl_ ?_om _ im big_hm) n[g\Çg
himm[ N_hbil[ Ç [ g_^c[îl[ j[l[ i Acfbiô &Mc]b+ N+ G[ol+ F[o^* G[l* /+.+.4
V=ilah_n 03705X'+ H[m cmmi mcahc`c][p[ ko_ _f[) ò]ig i [ g[cm [\_hÅi[^[ ^[m
]lc[nol[m _g ]ihdohÅÄi ]ig m_o Acfbi) V_l[X ^_ `[ni [ g_^c[îl[ _hnl_ ni^[m
[m ]lc[nol[m _ ?_om) m_hî) jil ]ihm_aochn_) ]ill_ni ]b[g|*f[ ^_ M[chb[ î
]Ço) h[ p_l^[^_) M[chb[ î g ohîô &B[\l+ =f+ @_më* G[l* 2+. V.1667 >/l*>/pX8
B_lm+ G[ah* 0 VBfilc_or 57/00*02X'+ Kicm >lcmni jom_l[ ni^[m [m ]icm[m h[m
gÄim ^_ mo[ gÄ_ ko[hî l_]_\_o ni^[m [m ]icm[m ^_ m_o K[c &P\+ >[m+ ;l\*
pcn* 0+3 V?[pcm) j+ .35*36X'+ H[lc[) jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[ nl[hmgcmmÄi ^_ jli*
jlc_^[^_m _hnl_ [m ô[m h[nol_t[m ^_ >lcmni) l_]_\_o [ ò[onilc^[^_ g[n_lh[f
mi\l_ ?_omô &B_lm+ Pcn* mjcl* 0 VBfilc_or 07.14*15X') ]ig i l_mofn[î ^_ ko_
?_om _mn[p[ mod_cni [ _f[ ]ig i og `cfbi _mn| mod_cni } gÄ_+ Kiln[hni) hÄi Ç
_r[a_li ^ct_l ko_ H[lc[ nchb[ ^_ m_l ò[îl[^[ô _ m[o^[^[ ]ig i [ ò^_om[ î
[gil) hÄi î [g il cgjoli) g[m î [g il ^cpchiô &B_lm+ M_lg* /0-) /.2)/15
VBfilc_or 270/2)./1) 21/X'+ J gincpi ]cn[î j[l[ hÄi [ ]b[g[l ò^_om[ ^[m
^_om[mô ìc ko_ _mm_ _jÖn_ni ji^c[ j[l_]_l _r]focl im j_][îl_m _ ^_gâhcim
^[ [onilc^[^_ ^_f[ &Km[f\+ H+ G[l* .3/ V=ilah_n 04+/04X'+ K_fi g_him îcm
_m]lcnil_m ^_mm_ j_lÖiî) ]cn[hî og[ ìhn_) î ]ihnl|lci ^_m]ihb_]c^[)
[j_h[m ]ig i ?cihcmci) ]b_a[l[g [ ^_]f[l[l ko_ m_ [ [onilc^[^_ ^[ `Ç hÄi
ncp_mm_ jlic\cî) [ pcla_g m_lc[ ò[îl[^[ ]igi ?_om jil ][om[ ^[ g[ahcno^_
^_ mo[ afálc[ô &P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn* 1+05 V?[pcm) j+ 065X8 Ic]if+ >om+ M_lg* 6+.
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\[m_ og n[hni _mnl_cn[+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) di Äi B_lmih _ Ic]if[o ^_ >om[) ]igi
n_áfiaim _ ][l^_[cm ^[ cal_d[ ko_ _mn[p[g jl_i]oj[îm) ^_ ìlg [ _rjfÖ]cn[ _
]ig jf_h[ ]ihm]cÑh]c[ ^[m ^c`c]of^[^_m) ]ig [ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ [ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][
_ [ n_ifiac[ ^[ cal_d[) ^_p_g `caol[l ^_ giî g[cm jli_g ch_hn_ h_mn_ l_f[ni
î ko_ [faohm ionlim ko_) jil mo[ p_t) im iòm][l[g _g ko[fko_l bcmnálc[
î gcmnc]cmgi ]igi n[f+
EiÄi B _lmih) nig[hî Bl_ailci) i Bl[h^_) _ =_lh[lî ^_ >f[l[p[f
]igi gi^_fim) _mn[\_f_]_o ]ig i c^_[f i n_áfiai ko_ _l[ ò[g \c^_mnliô
&Rg+ N+ Ob+ ? j* `l[n* ./ V?[ps) j+ 41*42X') cao[fg_hn_ ][j[t ^_ jl[nc][l [
pc^[ ]ihn_gjf[ncp[ io [ pc^[ [ncp[ &B_lm+ Gihc* ]ihn* 0) /4 VBfilc_or 47.4)
03X8 B_lm+ Gsmn* N\_if* jl[]* 6 V>ig\_m) j+ .55X' ó _ ][j[t ^_ m_ _hpifp_l h[
n_ifiac[ ò[`_ncp[ô io ò_mj_]of[ncp[ô &B_lm+ ?j* 24 VBfilc_or /7/42X'+ H[m
EiÄi B_lmih) ]igi jl_`_lc[ [ pc^[ ]ihn_gjf[ncp[ } pc^[ [ncp[) n[g\Çg [l*
aog_hn[p[ ko_ òim _m]if|mnc]im V+++X ^Äi ]oc^[îm[ [n_hÅÄi [im _m]lcnim ^[
n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ô &B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* .+5 V>ig\_m) j+ .6X'+ <m ìlg[m ^[ îonlch[
^[ cal_d[ fc^[p[g g[cm ]ig i ò_hn_h^cg_hni Vchn_ffca_hnc[Xô &B_lm+ N_if* gcmn*
1+/. V>ig\_m) j+ 2.*2/X' ko_ ]ig i òm_hncg_hni V[``_]nomVó &B_lm+ G smn N\_if*
jl[]* 5 V>ig\_m) j+ .4/*40X'+ Jo) ]ihìlg _ ]ifi]io Ic]if[o ^_ >om[) i ch*
^cpÖôi ^_p_ ò^_cr[l noî j[l[ nl|m _ [nÇ g_mgi nl[hm]_h^_l m_o chn_f_]niô)
chî ò[fÇg ^_ niî m_hncî) l[tÄi _ chn_f_]ni j[l[ [ pcmÄi gÖmnc][ô &Ic]if+
>om+ J[mm* .4) .2 VC_c^_f\_la ..*..7//) .6X'+ @g \il[ ìmm_ j_lcaimi j[l[ [
^_piÅÄi _rcmncl m_g i ]ihb_]cg_hni) ]ig i _rcmnc[ _g ]_ln[m m_cn[m b_l_a_m
&B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* .+5 V>ig\_m) j+ /-X') n[g\Çg _l[ h_]_mm|lci ^_mn[][l ko_ [
n_ifiac[ _mj_]of[ncp[ ji^c[ m_lpcl ]ig gocni g[cm `[]cfc^[^_ [ og i\d_ncpi
cgil[f ko_ [ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ &B_lm+ N\_if* gcmn* 1+0/ V>ig\_m) j+ 5/X8 B_lm+
G[ah* 4 VBfilc_or 570-/*1X'+ Jm ]lcmnÄim mcgjf_m) ]igi _l[g }m p_t_m g[cm
^_pinim ]do_ im _lo^cnim) ]ihìlg _ i\m_lpio Oig|m ^_ <kochi &Oim+ <k+ M*
N* /+/+5/+0 [^ 0 V? { Cdcih* 67.6-X') n[g\Çg òj_h_nl[p[g h[ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ ^_
og[ g[h_cl[ g[cm l|jc^[ _ mo\fcg_ ko_ [ko_f_m ko_ _l[g îonim _g n_ifiac[
_m]if|mnc][ io ^cm]olmcp[ô &B_lm+ ?m]if* gcmn* 6 V>ig\_m) j+ //6X8 B_lm+ Gihn*
]ihn* 5 VBfilc_or 47/.X'+ Kicm [ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ òhÄi jl_]cm[ î ncji ^_ _m]if[
ko_ ji^_ m_l ^_higch[^[ ö[ _m]if[ î chn_f_]niõ) g[m Ç [^koclc^[ h[ _m]if[
î m_hncg_hniô) h[ ko[f i ch^cpÖôi [jl_h^c[ [ jl[nc][l [m pclno^_m gil[cm
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] i ncji ^_ n_ifiac[ ko_ ]ihôtc[ } jolc`c][ÅÄi _ [i _m]f[l_]cg_hni gÖmnc]im

&B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* 1+0- V>ig\_m) j+ 43*44X'+ J i\d_ni ^[ n_ifiac[ _mj_]of[ncp[
_l[ [ Q_l^[^_) i i\d_ni ^[ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ _l[ i =_g &B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* 1+/6
V>ig\_m) j+ 40*41X'+ <mmcg) _hko[hni [ n_ifiac[ _mj_]of[ncp[ \om][p[ og
ò]ihb_]cg_hni Vchn_f_]no[fX mi\l_ [ Um]c_hnc[fô( [ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ \om][p[ og
ò]ihb_]cg_hni v_rj_lc_h]c[fX î V8hincnc^Vô &B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* 1+0- V>ig\_m) j+
45X'+ >ig cmmi) _f[ g imnlio ko_ j_lg[h_]c[ g[cm h[ nl[^cÅÄi ^_ <aimnchbi
ko_ h[ ^_ <lcmnán_f_m &B_lm+ =[hn* . VBfilc_or 57246X'+
< ò_rjfc][ÅÄi îonlch[cô ^[m n_ifiaÖ[m _m]if|mnc][ _ _mj_]of[ncp[ hÄi
ji^c[ `[t_l domncÅ[ } n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ &B_lm+ Afil* .+5 VBfilc_or 57210X' jilko_
i [g il _rn|nc]i ó ò]ihmcmnchî ^[ j_l]_jÅÄi _rj_lc]h]c[f ^[ ohcÄi ^[ [fg[
]ig ?_om) _g ko_ _mn_ Ç m_o i\d_ni _ i\d_ncpi mojl_gim ó hÄi ji^_ ^_ g[*
h_cl[ [faog[ m_l nl[hmgcncî Unl[^cW jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[ îonlch[ô &B_lm+ =[hn*
jl+ VBfilc_or 57243v'+ <ch^[ _l[ _mm_h]c[f f_g\l[l ko_ b[pc[ og[ ònl[^cÅÄi
îonlch[c ^_ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ô _ ko_ m_o ]ihn_ãî îonlch[c òhÄi ^cp_lac[
^[ n_ifiac[ _m]if|mnc][ h_g _mn[p[ m_j[l[î ^_f[ô &B_lm+ G[ah* 4 VBfilc_or
570-4X8 B_lm+ ?m]if* gcmn* 5 V>ig\_m) j+ //5X'+ < òîonlch[ ^[ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ô
_ [ ò_rj_lcÑh]c[ ^[ îonlch[ô ^_p_g m_l g[hnc^[m dohn[m [ ^_mj_cni ^[m ^cmnch*
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57/-5X'+ < îonlch[ jl_]cm[p[ n_l [ _rj_lcÑh]c[ ]igi mo[ ò]igj[hbc[ô &B_lm+
G[ah* . XBfilc_or 57.40*41X'+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) =i[p_hnol[) [fÇg ^_ Bl_ailci)
i Bl[h^_) _ =_lh[lî ^_ >f[l[p[f) ^_mn[][p[*m_ _hnl_ im n_áfiaim ]ig i òi
g[cm m|\ci _g chn_f_]ni _) [i g_mgi n_gji) i g[cm ^_pini _g m_hncg_hniô
_) jil _mm[ l[tÄi) _l[ og aoc[ _mj_]c[fg_hn_ ]ih`c|p_f &B_lm+ ?j* 228 ?j* 25
VBfilc_or /7/30) /44X'+ @f_ ]ig\ch[p[ [ mifc^_t h[ n_ifiac[ îonlch[c ]ig
og[ jliòh^c^[^_ h[ n_ifiac[ ^_pi]cih[f) m_g gcmnol[l [ jlcg_cl[ ]ig c^Çc[m
`cfimá`c][m _rn_lh[m h_g [ ãfncg[ ]ig hiÅä_m _mnl[hb[m &B_lm+ ?r[g* îon*
VBfilc_or 67142X'+ Aic []cg[ ^_ noî h[ i\l[ ; dilh[^[ ^[ g_hn_ [nÅ >_om &B_lm+
=ol* mn* . VBfilc_or 07/0.X8 B_lm+ M_lg* /-4) /14 VBfilc_or 275) 2/0X' ko_ _f_
m_ ^_mn[]io îm ionlim n_áfiaim _ ionlim gÖmnc]im &_) hi ko_ ^ct l_mj_cni [i
[mmohni) ^_ ionlim `l[h]cm][him' &B_lm+ G[ah* 4 VBfilc_or 57/62X'+ EiÄi @m]ini
@lÖa_h[) _g ]ihnl[j[lnc^[) nlior_ mi\l_ mc g_mgi [ []om[ÅÄi ^_ j[hn_Ömgi
&p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ .1-*1.' jilko_ hÄi ìc mo`c]c_hn_g_hn_ ]oc^[îmi _g mo[
fchao[a_g mi\l_ [ l_f[ÅÄi ^_ ?_om ]ig i gohî ^[m ]lc[nol[m &B_lm+ Afil*
0+2 VBfilc_or 57220X'+ I_g ìc i ãhc]i io i ãfncgi [ ][cl h_mm[ [lg[^cfb[+
EiÄi B_lmih []omio p|lcim _m]lcnil_m gÖmnc]im î mÇ]ofi SDQ ^_ i\m]ol_]_l
[ ^cmnchÅÄi _hnl_ i >lc[îl _ [ ]lc[nol[ h[ fchao[a_g om[^[ jil _f_m mi\l_ [
ohcÄi gÖmnc][ _hnl_ [ [fg[ _ ?_om+
0 `KGA? DZ RCNB?BCGN? SSS ' ( +
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][ÅÄiô+ @mm[ îonlch[ ìl[ ôl[hn_ gocni n_g ji og nl[Åi jli_gch_hn_ î
_hmch[g_hni ilniîri) _g _mj_]c[f hi Jlc_hn_ &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ 011*158 pif+
/) j+ 02*1.') _ _l[ ]_hnl[f j[l[ [ n_ifiac[ gÖmnc][ ^_ ?cihcmci) i [l_ij[acn[+ <
n_ifiac[ f[nch[) om[hî _mm[ ìhn_) \_g ]igi im _m]lcnil_m ]lcmnÄim i]c^_hn[cm
h[ncpim) n[g\Çg ]ihnchoio `[f[hî ^_ m[fp[ÅÄi ]ig i ^_c`c][ÅÄi &Cih+ <oa+
I]n* ko[_mn* / UJF .4/7..54X8 =[lnb+ Kcm+Ko[^* 2. V.1657K1lX'+ ? _ []ilî ]ig
og n_rni ^_mm_ j_lÖiî _m]lcni mi\ jm_o^âhcgi) [ ohcÄi) j i l _r_gjfi) _hnl_ [
pcla_g H[lc[ _ m_o Acfbi _l[ nÄi _mnl_cn[ ko_ im [hdim ji^c[g [îl[l [ ò][lh_
^_c`c][^[ô ^_ H[lc[ _g >lcmni &Km\l^+ >fl+ F[o^* Pcla* VJ F .5/7..14X') _ EiÄi
B_lmih []b[p[ h[nol[f ^_m]l_p_l i l_jiomi ^[ [fg[ hi [g il ^_ >lcmni ]igi
òog[ j[t ko_ ^_c`c][ô &B_lm+ N_if* gcmn* 2+02 V>ig\_m) j+ 61X'+ H[m cmmi hÄi
ko_lc[ ^ct_l ko_ ko[hî i _mjÖlcni l[]cih[f ìc nl[hmjiln[î _g ?_om _f_ ìc
ònin[fg_hn_ ^_c`c][îô _ l_[\milpcî h[ òc^_c[ô ^_ mc g_mgi ko_ _rcmncl[
_n_lh[g_hn_ h[ g_hn_ ^_ ?_om) j_l^_hî mo[ c^_hnc^[^_ _ m_o jlájlci ][l|n_l
^_ ]lc[nol[ &B_lm+ N_if gcmn* 5+1. V>ig\_m) j+ .-2*3X'+ Ic]if[o ^_ >om[ ^_`chco
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òj[lnc]cj[ÅÄi hi ji^_l ^_ ?_omô ko_ nl[hmìlg[p[ [ g_hn_ _ j_lgcnc[ ko_
_f[ ]igj[lncfb[mm_ [ jlájlc[ j_l]_jÅÄi ^_ ?_om ^[ p_l^[^_ &Ic]if+ >om+ @cf*
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^_ ]lc[nol[+ Ncahc`c][p[) [hn_m) ko_ ò^_p_gim _hnÄi m_l ^_ ionl[ g[h_cl[ i
ko_ [ail[ migim ^[ himm[ jlájlc[ g[h_cl[ô &Ic]if+ >om+ @cf* / VC_c^_f\_la
171/X'+ <mmcg) ?_om _ [m ]lc[nol[m) jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[ ^_c`c][ÅÄi) m_ nilh[lc[g
òogô ^_ n[f g[h_cl[ ko_ òni^[m [m ]icm[m mÄi i ko_ mÄiô _ _mn[lc[g ohc^[m
h[ ohc^[^_ ^_ ?_om &Ic]if+ >om+ @cf* 0 VC_c^_f\_la 172.*2/X'+ Jm ]lcmnÄim m_
ònilh[lc[g ?_omô _) [ch^[ [mmcg) òjl_m_lp[lc[g [ l_[fc^[^_ ^_ m_o jlájlci
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^_ og gcmnc]cmgi ko_ ]illc[ i j_lcai ^_ m_l b_l_mc[) _l[ [i g_mgi n_gji
]ih^ct_hn_ ]ig [ cal_d[ _ ]ig [ ilniîrc[ &p_d[ pif+ /) j+ /46' nig io ]igi
n_rni `[pilcni j[l[ [ ^_c`c][ÅÄi [m j[f[pl[m î m[fgi) òpi]Ñm mÄi ^_om_mô &ND
5/+38 Ei .-+01') ]ig i m_hncî ^_ og[ go^[hÅ[ ko_ hÄi _l[ ihnifáac][) g[m
òj[lnc]cj[ncp[ _ [mmcgcf[ncp[ô &B_lm+ ?j* .0 VBfilc_or /724) 3-X'+
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^_ []ilî ]ig EiÄi B_lmih) _l[ og[ chn_ljl_n[ÅÄi _kocpi][^[ ^_ ?cihcmci+
@f_ hÄi _hmch[l[ òog[ ]_mm[ÅÄi ^_ ni^[ [ncpc^[^_ chn_f_]no[fô) g[m og[ _f_*
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ni^[m mo[m jlijlc_^[^_m mÄi ]ihb_]c^[mô &B_lm+ =[hn* / VBfilc_or 5726/*60X8
B_lm+ ?m]if gcmn* .. V>ig\_m) j+ /0-*0.X'+ ?_ []ilî ]ig ?cihcmci &?cih+
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h_a[ÅÄi &[i m[\_l ko_ _f_ hÄi _l[ ]ig i ko[cmko_l ^[m ]lc[nol[m om[^[m j[l[
mcg\ifct|*fi' ko[hni j i l g_ci ^[ ò_r]_fÑh]c[ô &[i m[\_l ko_ _f_ _l[ [ j_l`_c*
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jicm [ nl[hm]_h^Ñh]c[) [ ko[fc^[^_ j_f[ ko[f ?_om _mn[p[ ò[]cg[ Umoj_lWó ^_
ni^[m [m ]icm[m) _l[ og [ [`clg[ÅÄi _ n[g\Çg og[ h_a[ÅÄi &B_lm+ Afil* .+3
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_mm[ ^cg_hmÄi ò[ji`|nc][ô ^_ ò?cihcmci) [ko_f_ _r]_f_hn_ n_áfiaiô &Ic]if+
>om+ >cl* mj_]* .1 VC_c^_f\_la .07/6X') _g ]ihìlgc^[^_ ]ig ò[ ãhc][ `Ç
p_l^[^_cl[ô ^[ cal_d[) jil g_ci ^_ mo[ îonlch[ ^[ òcahil~h]c[ îon[ô &Ic]if+
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piô ]ig [ `Ç ]igog ^[ cal_d[ ìc og _r_gjfi _mj_]c[fg_hn_ joha_hn_ î
jfol[fcmgi îonlch[c î j_lÖiî+ Oiîm ]ihncho[p[g `[f[hî mi\l_ [ ãhc][
`Ç p_l^[^_cl[ ]igi) _g [faog m_hncî) [ch^[ m_hî òãhc][ô) [ ^_mj_cni ^[
p[lc_^[^_ ^_ ijchcä_m mi\l_ og [lncai ^_ `Ç [jám i ionli+ <ch^[ [mmcg) i
jfol[fcmgi îonlch[c m_gjl_ _mn_p_ [fc) _ gocni g[cm ^_mm_ jfol[fcmgi î ko_
[ jimcÅÄi i`c]c[f îm \cmjim _ n_áfiaim _mn[p[ ^cmjimn[ [ l_]ihb_]_l+ J ko_
]ihm_aocl[ g [hn_l i jfol[fcmgi ^_hnli îm fcgcn_m ìc [ _f_p[ÅÄi) jil <aim*
nchbi) ^[ ohc^[^_ ][náfc][ ^[ cal_d[ ]igi i ]ihn_rni hÄi má j[l[ [ l_ìlg[
gil[f) g[m n[g\Çg j[l[ [ ^c`_l_hÅ[ n_ifáac][7 <aimnchbi ^cp_lac[ ^_ >cjlc[hi
hi _hmch[g_hni òh^[g_hn[f) g[m ]igj[lncfb[p[ ]ig _f_ i ]igjligcmmi
]ig [ ohc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ ][náfc][) h[ ko[f [ ^cp_laÑh]c[ ^_f_m _l[ nif_l|p_f
&<a+ =[n+ /+1*2 V>N@G 2.7.46*5.X'+ H[m i jfol[fcmgi îonlch[c p_ci [ mi`l_l
[\[fim hi mÇ]ofi SQ ó ]b_a[hî } nl[aÇ^c[ hi mÇ]ofi SQ D ó ko[hî _mm[
jl_mmojimcÅÄi ^[ jlájlc[ ohc^[^_ ][náfc][ j_l^_o mo[ ]l_^c\cfc^[^_+
M d W & i W d jW & Y W j} b_Y W [ W f e i j} b_Y W 7
@g .0-/) i j[j[ =ihc`|]ci Q DDD chc]cio mo[ g[cm `[gim[ \of[ j[j[f)
Oh[g M[h_c[g( ]ig [m j[f[pl[m7 òK_f[ _rcaÑh]c[ ^[ `Ç migim i\lca[îm [ ]l_l _
^_`_h^_l [ cal_d[ oh[) m[hn[) ][náfc][ _) h[ p_l^[^_) [jimnáfc][ô &=ih+ QDDD+ Oh*
m[h]n* VGi Bl[mmi) j+ /..X'8 _g .1.0)diÄi Comm) i l_ìlg[îl n]b_]i) ]ig_Åio
m_o nl[n[î g[cm `[gimi) ; cal_d[) ]ig _mn[m j[f[pl[m7 òOiî j_l_alchi ^_p_
]l_l `c_fg_hn_ h[ cal_d[ m[hn[ _ ][náfc][ô &Cm+ Ca* f+< VObigmih) j+ .X'+ H[m
=ihc`|]ci m_ l_`_lc[ } cal_d[ ]odi fÖ^_l pcmÖp_f _l[ òi jihnÖ`c]_ lig[hi V[ ko_gX
ni^[ ]lc[nol[ bog[h[ ^_p_ _mn[l mod_cn[ j[l[ m_l m[fp[ô &=ih+ QDDD+ Oh* m[h]n*
VGi Bl[mmi) j+ /.0X') ]ihìlg _ ^_]f[l[l[g mo[m j[f[pl[m ^_ _h]_ll[g_hni ^[
\of[ j[j[f) _hko[hni EiÄi Comm m_ l_`_lc[ } ònin[fc^[^_ ^_ niîm ko_ ìl[g
jl_^_m^h[îmô) ]ihìlg _ _f_ _rjfc][ jio]im j[l|al[ìm [^c[hn_ &Cm+ Ca* f+=
VObigmih) j+ /X'+ @ EiÄi B_lmih ó i chcgcai ^_ EiÄi Comm hi >ih]cfci ^_
>ihmn[hÅ[) _g\il[ ]ig ]_ln_t[ hÄi ìmm_ mcgj[^t[hn_ î j[j[ =ihc`|]ci
&B_lm+ Ji^ _]Ñ ./ VBfilc_or 37/04*04X' ó ]cnio [ `álgof[ î ]l_î hc]_hi) i
ko[f n[hni =ihc`|]ci ko[hni EiÄi Comm n[g\Çg ]cn[l[g) ]ig i jlip[ ]ihnl[
EiÄi Comm _ Rs]fc``_ ^_ ko_ og ]ih]cfci ^[ cal_d[ ^hb[ i ^cl_cni ^_ ]ih^_*
h[l hÄi má [\_ll[Åä_m îonlch[cm) g[m n[g\Çg _llim ]igi j_ln_h]_hn_m }m
cgjfc][Åä_m gil[cm ^[ `Ç &B_lm+ Hip* jim* VBfilc_or 37.14X'+ B_lmih) _g og
m_lgÄi `_cni _g >ihmn[hÅ[ [faohm g_m_m [hn_m ^[ _r_]oÅÄi ^_ EiÄi Comm
&B_lm+ M_lg* /.- VBfilc_or 2710X') [jl_m_hnio og[ ^_`chcÅÄi mo]chn[ ^_ ][^[
og îm [nlc\onim ^[ cal_d[ _hog_l[îm hi ]l_î hc]_hi &ko_ _f_ ^_higchio
^_ >l_î îm <jámnifim) _hko[hni og ^_ m_om ]ihn_gjil~h_im [nlc\oco [
`l[m_ [i >l_î ^_ <n[h|mci' &Ob^l]+ Ig + Gi^* VKGL 073X'+ @f_ ]cnio i [lncai
î ]l_î g[cm og[ p_t _g ionli m_lgÄi `_cni _g >ihmn[hÅ[ _ n[g\Çg ]g
ionli foa[l &B_lm+ M_lg* /-6 VBfilc_or 2704X') ]ig im _hmch[g_hnim ^_ EiÄi
DNJ D= 2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
Comm _g g_hn_ ]ig i og ^_mpci ^[ p_l^[^_cl[ `Ç ]ih]_lh_hn_ } cal_d[ &B_lm+

J_^* Foh* .+.).+0 VBfilc_or 37/32X'+
<m ^_]f[l[Åä_m _hoh]c[^[m jil =ihc`|]ci Q DDD jlipi][l[g) ^_ niîm im
f[îm) og _mnoî hipi _ g[cm jliòhî ^[ `álgof[ ^_ ]l_î7 òoh[) m[hn[)
][náfc][ _ [jimnáfc][ô+ K[l[ C_hlcko_ ^_ >l_gih[) _mm_ _ ionlim jlihoh]c[*
g_hnim _l[g jlip[ ^_ ko_ =ihc`|]ci ìl[ ò_hpc[î jil ?_om ]ig i [faoÇg
ko_ m_ l_]om[ _g ^[l mo[ Vî N_hbilX afálc[ _ bihl[ [ ionliô &C_hl+ >l_g+
Jin* j[j* UEL; 5713-X8 <_a+ K_l+ Ch`c^ V<JCL .-7.-5*6X8 K_^+ K[f+ Ji^* j[j*
.+/+<+.)/+jl VNn_ff[) j+ ./2) /-0X8 O oll+ ;o]n* .+56 V.23072-pX') _) j[l[ ûfp[li
K_f|aci) [ i\l[ Oh[g M[h]n[g m_lpco ]ig i i [fc]_l]_ j[l[ og[ _rjimcÅÄi ^[
îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[ &<fp+ K_f+ Jf[h_* _]]f* .+3- V.23-732l*33lX') ko_ _f_ chmncnoco _g
ijimcÅÄi }ko_f[ î òhipi b_l_mc[l][ô H[lmÖfci ^_ K|ô[ &<fp+ K_f+ ?j* .0+/0
VH_h_abch) j+ .-6X'+ H[lmÖfci ^_ K|ô[ _mncag[nctio i _hmch[g_hni î j[j[
=ihc`|]ci Q DDD ]ig i ò_llâh_i V+++X _ V]b_ci ^_X ni^[ `[fmc^[^_ ]ih]_\Öp_fô
&H[lm+ K[^+ >_`* j[]* /+/-+5 VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+ 0/0X'+ O_iîlc]i ^_ Ic_b_cg
[n[]io =ihc`|]ci jil ^_cr[l ^_ ^cmnchaocl _hnl_ [ òcal_d[ [jimnáfc][ô) ^[ ko[f
i j[j[ ^_ Mig[ _l[ i ][\_Å[) _ [ òcal_d[ ][náfc][ô _g niî i gohî) ^[ ko[f
[j_h[m >lcmni _l[ i ][\_Å[7 _l[ ìl[ ^_mm[ cal_d[ ][náfc][ ko_ hÄi b[pc[ m[fp[ÅÄi)
hÄi ìl[ ^[ cal_d[ lig[h[ &Ob^l]+ Ig + Gi^* VKYGL 073*4X'+ Bocfb_lg _ ^_
J]eb[g) ko_ òjlip[p_fg_hn_ ch`fo_h]cio [ _]f_mcifiac[ g_^c_p[f jimn_lcil
g[cm ko_ ko[fko_l ionli big _g ô &Oc_lh_s V.64/X) j+ .64') ]cnio [ `álgof[
î ]l_î _g og[ ^cm]ommÄi mi\l_ [ ch`[fc\cfc^[^_ î j[j[ &Bocf+ J]+ Ij*
R = * ^c_l* 5- VNce_m /7306X'+ H[m [ `álgof[ hÄi _l[ [j_h[m og[ [lg [ _`c][t
h[m ao_ll[m _hnl_ [m p|lc[m `[]Åä_m _]f_mc|mnc][m io _hnl_ im [jic[îl_m ^[m
l_cpch^c][Åä_m [\mifon[m î j[j[î ] ^_`_hmil_m îm ^cl_cnim ch^_j_h^_hn_m
î cgjÇlci &U[\+ =cmg* VN]b[l^) j+ 36/X8Ic]if+ >om+ =ih_* ][n* 0+1. VC_c^_f\_la+
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[m ko_mnä_m ^[ îonlch[ _ ^[ jifÖnc][ ko_ _mn[p[g _g ]ihnlipÇlmc[) [ g[cilc[
^[m ko[cm òm_lc[g l_ôtc^[m [ ko[nli) [ m[\_l) [ko_f[m ko[nli _hog_l[^[m hi
]l_î hi ko[f Ç ^cni7 ö_ h[ cal_d[ oh[) m[hn[) ][náfc][ _ [jimnáfc][õ ô &E[]+ Qcn+
L_a* ]bl* .+/ V<lkocffcÉl_) j+ .-2X'+
@g \il[ [ ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^[ cal_d[) Ç ]f[li) hoh][ n_hb[ _mn[î nin[fg_hn_
[om_hn_ ^[m ^cm]ommä_m îonlch[cm îm j_lÖiîm [hn_lcil_m) im jlcg_clim [him
î mÇ]ofi SDQ n_mn_gohb[l[g og l_j_hnchi [og_hni ^_ chn_l_mm_ him jli*
\f_g[m ^[ _]f_mcifiac[7 [fÇg ^[ \of[ Oh[g M[h]n[g î j[j[ =ihc`|]ci QDDD) _g
.0-/) biop_ im nl[n[îm Mi\l_ ! aip_lhi ]lcmn~i) ^_ Oc[ai ^_ Qcn_l\i) _g .0-. */)
I ji^_l ^[ cal_d[( ^_ @aÖ^ci ^_ Mig[) n[g\Çg ^_ .0-.*/ &ko_ ìlh_]_o [faog
òh^[g_hni j[l[ [ i\l[ Oh[g M[h]n[g& _ Mi\l_ ! ji^_l l_[f _ ! ji^_lj[j[f( ^_
<J?! O?KP?! A?P]IGA? C ?MLOP]IGA?/ 77,6 #'%
EiÄi ^_ K[lcm) _g .0-/*0+ òI i j_lÖiî chc]c[f î _m]if[mnc]cmgi) l[l[g_hn_
b| og[ ^cm]ommÄi ^_ ko[fko_l ko_mnÄi l_f[]cih[^[ ]ig [ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[ô
&G[hâl[` V.62/X .*.70-') _ hÄi b[pc[ og ]ihdohni ^_ òko_mnä_mô mi\l_ [
cal_d[ h[ i\l[ Mog[ n_ifÜac][ ^_ Oig|m ^_ <kochi) _g \il[ [faoÇg) Ç ]f[li)
jo^_mm_ ]igjcf[l mo[m ^_]f[l[Åä_m _]f]mcifáac][m ^_ p|lcim ^_ m_om _m]lcnim
&Ei+ K[f+ Ko[_mn* j[l* V?äffcha_l) j+ 1/.*/0X'8 hÄi b[pc[ h_hbog [ m_ÅÄi _mj_*
]c[c mi\l_ i [mmohni h[ i\l[ M_hn_hÄ[m ^_ K_^li Gig\[lî h_g h[m ]_hn_h[m
^_ ]ig_hn|lcim _m]lcnim mi\l_ M_hn_hÄ[m* <m ^_`chcÅä_m ^[ h[nol_t[ ^[ cal_d[
pc_l[g ]ig g[cm l_aof[lc^[^_ îm dolcm]ihmofnim î ]~hih_ ko_ îm n_áfi*
aim ó ]cl]ohmn~h]c[ _mm[ ko_ im ]ihnlip_lmcmn[m ^_mm_ j_lÖiî) ]ig i ? [hn_
<fcabc_lc _ Bocfb_lg _ ^_ J]eb[g) ^_jfil[p[g &>[hn+ Gih* 0+0+6 VMc]]c) j+
//4*/5X8 Bocf+ J]+ =j* R = * ^c_l* 5)04)63 VNce_m /705-)2.2)401*02X8 Bocf+ J]+
<l_o /+./ UGABM]b 5742*46X8 Bocf+ Oiol+ M][h^* V<A,,/1703X8 H[lm+ K[^+ >_`*
j[]* .*.2*. VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+ 065X') ]cn[hî ]ig `l_koÑh]c[ [ [^p_lnÑh]c[ ^_
=_lh[lî ^_ >f[l[p[f j[l[ i j[j[ @oaÑhci &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ 020') i ko[f ]ig
mo[ _r]_mmcp[ jl_i]oj[ÅÄi ]ig fcnÖaci ]illc[ i lcm]i ^_ m_ nilh[l i mo]_mmil
î cgj_l[îl >ihmn[hnchi) _g p_t ^_ mo]_mmil î [jámnifi K_^li &=l^+ >fl+
=ihm* 1+0+3 VG_]f_l]k*Mi]b[cm 07120X'+ Kicm _g\il[ òhÄi m_d[ jimmÖp_f ^ct_l)
]ihìlg _ m_ ^ct ]ig `l_koÑh]c[) ko_ [ ]ih]_jÅÄi ^[ cal_d[ h[ <fn[ D^[^_
HÇ^c[ ìc ^_m_hpifpc^[ [j_h[m ^_ og[ g[h_cl[ dolÖ^c][) _ hÄi ^_ og[ g[h_cl[
n_ifáac][ ó jil _r_gjfi) _g Oig|m ^_ <kochi ó Ç jimmÖp_f [`clg[l ko_ [
^_`chcÅÄi ^_m_hpifpc^[ j_f[ D^[^_ HÇ^c[ V+++X _l[ gocni `l[][ j[l[ n_gjim ^_
]lcm_ ]ig i [ko_f_ î ]cmg[ô &C_cgj_f V.60/X) j+ ...'+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) Oc[ai
^_ Qcn_l\i) hi òjlcg_cli nl[n[î mi\l_ [ cal_d[ô &BlÇaicl_ V.632X) j+ 00-8
<lkocffcÉl_ V.6/3X) j+ .-') _rjfc]io ko_ ò[ ]ih`cmmÄi ^_ `Ç _mn| jlch]cj[fg_hn_
jl_i]oj[^[ ]ig îcm [mmohnim) >lcmni ]ig i i M_c _ i ][\_Å[ _ [ cal_d[ ]igi
i l_chi _ i ]ilji ^_f_ô) g[m _mm_m îcm [mmohnim má l_]_\_l[g cao[f [n_hÅÄi
îm îonil_m ^[ cal_d[ ò_g himm[ Çji][) ] al[Å[m [ og[ ][om[ ][\Öp_f) jicm Ç
[jlijlc[î ko_ im jli`_mmil_m ^[ m[al[^[ îonlch[ `[f_g _g _mj_]c[f mi\l_ô
[ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[ &E[]+ Qcn+ L_a* ]bl* jl+ V<lkocffcÉl_) j+ 53*54X'+
< cal_d[) og[ p_t ko_ m_ nilhio j[ln_ ^[ ^cm]ommÄi îonlch[c hi chÖ]ci î
mÇ]ofi SDQ) j[mmio [ m_l) _g _mj_]c[f hi mÇ]ofi SQ) og [ ko_mnÄi cgjiln[hn_
io [ jlch]cj[f ko_mnÄi) òi jlcg_cli _ g[cm ohcp_lm[f jihni òh^[g_hn[f ^[
îonlch[ _ ^[ ]cÑh]c[ ^[ `Çô &Ei+ M[a+ Ffnl[k* VH[hmc /674/4*/5X8 N_a+ Gi^* 45
VG[^h_l) j+ 3-X') ^[ ko[f ni^[m [m ionl[m îonlch[m ^_j_h^c[g+ Aic [mmcg ko_
hi >ih]cfci ^[ =[mcfÇc[ òn[hni im n_áfiaim î ]ih]cfci ko[hni im fÖ^_l_m îm
n]b_]im m_ pcl[g ]igj_fcîm [ ^cm]oncl i ]ih]_cni ^[ cal_d[ ]igi i òh^[*
g_hni j[l[ niîm im cn_hm î jlial[g[ô &FlÄg_l V.65-X) j+ 36'+ < j[lncl
* "! ©©© D>2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
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ôl[hn_ i mÇ]ofi SQ) im nÖnofim ^_ ko[nli ^_f_m ji^_g mojlcl im nÖnofim mi\
im ko[cm _r[gch[l [m ^cm]ommä_m îm ko[nli [nlc\onim ^[ cal_d[ [`clg[îm hi
]l_î hc]_hi8 h[ l_[fc^[^_) [ il^_g ]lihifáac][ ^_mm_m n_rnim ]ill_mjih^_
} il^_g îm [nlc\onim h i ]l_î+
< o h c^ [ ^ _ ^ [ ca l_ d[
EiÄi B_lmih) _g .1-6) _m]l_p_o og nl[n[î chncnof[î+,! ohc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[
&B_lm+ Ohc^* ca* VBfilc_or 37.03*12X'+ I_mm_ nl[n[î) _f_ momn_hn[ ko_ [ ohc*
^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ òm_gjl_ mi\l_pcp_ô) g[m n[g\Çg _hmchio ko_ ò_mm[ ohc^[^_
jl_]cm[ m_l l_[fct[^[ V+++X jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[ ohcÄiô &B_lm+ Ohc^* ca* VBfilc_or
37.03*04X'+ ?icm _m]lcnil_m î mÇ]ofi [hn_lcil nchb[g ^cmnchaocî _hnl_ im nlÑm
ncjim ^_ ohc^[^_ h[ cal_d[8 og[ òohc^[^_ ^[ nin[fc^[^_ô) ]igjimn[ ^_ ]lcmnÄim
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^[ ko[f im g _g\lim ^[ cal_d[ _l[g ]ihìlg[îm og [i ionli j i l g_ci îm
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î i\d_ncpi ]igog _ î òh^[g_hni ]igog ^[ cal_d[ ìlh_]cî jil >lcmni)
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? [ g_mg[ g[h_cl[) g_mgi ko[hî J]eb[g h_aio ko_ i j[j[) ]ihìlg _
ìl[ jlig_ncî [ K_^li) jimmoÖ[ [ [onilc^[^_ ãhc][ j[l[ fca[l _ ^_mfca[l &Hn
.3+.6') _f_ ìc _g `l_hn_ _ _rjfc]io ko_ og[ p_t ko_ [ [onilc^[^_ j_ln_h]c[
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îonlch[ &B_lm+ Ohc* ca* VBfilc_or 374)6X'8 jicm ]ihìlg _ ^cmm_) _g .11.) og
^_`_hmil ^_ og ]ih]cfci7 ò< ][om[ ^_mm_ ]cmg[ hÄi _mn| jlch]cj[fg_hn_ h[
f_c) g[m hi `[ni _ h[ ^cp_lmc^[^_ ^[ îonlch[ ]ig l_f[ÅÄi } `Çô &@\_h+ =ihmc^*
. V> L N; .275-.X'+ <fc hÄi j[l_]c[ b[p_l h_hbog jl_]_^_hn_ bcmnálc]i) ^_
ko[fko_l giî hi J]c^_hn_) j[l[ _mm_ ]cmg[+ < jlájlc[ ilniîrc[ ^_ òni^[ [
`Ç ][náfc][ô _mn[p[ _g lcm]i &Acff+ A_mn* ]ih_* =ihmn( jl+ VAche_ /7.0X8 B_lm+ Gi^*
b[\* VBfilc_or 370-*0.X8 <ff+ ?j* Di* R R CCC; V?o Kch /755-X') _ [ [jimn[mc[
_g g[mm[ p_ci [ m_ nilh[l og[ [g_[Å[ a_hoÖh[ %;pcm* Mca* VAche_ 0740X8 <ff+
0 QKGB?BC B? GENCH? 777 %''
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jil mo[ p_t) ji^c[ _`_no[l [ ]ihp_lmÄi _g g[mm[ &C_hl+ G[ha+ =ihm* j[]* .
VC[l^n /70*1X' ^_ gofÅog[him j[l[ i ]lcmnc[hcmgi &Ei+ M[a+ ?j* .0+cc+.104
U=<.705-X'+ >ihìlg_ EiÄi B_lmih ^cmm_ og[ p_t [jám [ ionl[) i ]cmg[ _l[
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m_o _fi ]ig òm_o ãhc]i ][\_Å[) >lcmniô &N_a+ H_onl* /+1 V> LN; .1+044X' _
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ko_ òhimmi ilaofbi _ g_mkochb_tô ìl[g im l_mjihm|p_cm j_fi ]cmg[ ]ig
im al_aim &Ic]if+ >f+ Loch* ca* 1/ V>ipcff_) j+ .15X'8 io [ch^[ [ [^p_lnÑh]c[ ^_
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jli\f_g[ ^[ [onilc^[^_ j[j[f hÄi m_lc[ mo`c]c_hn_ j[l[ m[h[l [ lojnol[ _hnl_
[m cal_d[m i]c^_hn[f _ ilc_hn[f &B_lm+ Mo\* m]bcmg* VBfilc_or 37//X'+ EiÄi B_l*
mih) l_]ihb_]_hî ko[hni i J]c^_hn_ ^_pc[ [i ]ihb_]cg_hni _ jc_^[^_ î
Jlc_hn_ &B_lm+ M_lg* //. VBfilc_or 27/.-X') f[g_hn[p[ ko_ ò[ail[ hchaoÇg m_
cgjiln[mm_ô &B_lm+ M_lg* /./ VBfilc_or 2755X' _ chn_ljl_nio [ ^cpcmÄi ]igi
og[ bcmnálc[ [^gihcnálc[ ^_ ]igi) _g ko[fko_l ]cmg[) [ [ÅÄi ohcf[n_l[f ^_
og[ `[]ÅÄi má ji^c[ ^_cr[l [ [fc_h[ÅÄi [ch^[ jcil &B_lm+ =ih]* oh* i\_^* VBfi*
lc_or 372/X8 B_lm+ =ih^* ca* VBfilc_or 3702X8 <ff+ Chmn* on* VAche_ 0732X8 <ff+ G[n*
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<[m* ]ih]* 2- UG = .764X8 Ei+ M[a+ Al[_]* U= < .700∏'+
<m h_ai]c[Åä_m ]ig im al_aim ncp_l[g ]igi og ^_ m_om cgjiln[hn_m
mo\jliônim [ jliôÅÄi ^_ nl[ôÅä_m f[nch[m ^_ p|lcim îm j[cm al_aim) _g
j[lnc]of[l h[m gÄim î giha_ ][g[fôf_hm_ _ bog[hcmn[ <g\limci Ol[p_lm[lc+
@f_ ]ig\chio i chn_l_mm_ him j[cm al_aim ]ig i ^_m_di ^_ [f][hÅ[l og g_*
fbil _hn_h^cg_hni ]ig [ cal_d[ al_a[ &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .+.0 &H[lnÉh_*?ol[h^
07/2X' _ l_]ihb_]_o ko_ og \ig _hn_h^cg_hni îm j[cm m_lc[ _mm_h]c[f j[l[ [m
h_ai]c[Åä_m cgch_hn_m &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* ./+./ VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 071-1X'+ Kicm
im al_aim _mn[p[g nl[t_hî ]ig _f_m og ]ihncha_hn_ ^_ _mno^cimim _ n[g\Çg
gocnim fcplim &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .6+03 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 07303X'+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi)
_f_ omio i jl_`|]ci ^_ og[ ^_ mo[m nl[ôÅä_m j[l[ m_ ^clcacl [i j[j[ ]ig og
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j[l[ i `l[][mmi ^_f_m _g _hn_h^_l [m ]ih^cÅä_m ko_ ìl[g ìlgof[^[m j[l[ [
h_ai]c[ÅÄi &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* 0+.0 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 0735*36X'+ @l[ _mm_h]c[f)
^cmm_ <g\limci Ol[p_lm[lc j[l[ i j[j[) _mno^[l _ nl[ôtcl im j[cm) òim al_aim hÄi
g_him ko_ im f[nchimô &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .+.2 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 070.X'+ N_o jlá*
jlci _mnoî f_pio*i [ f_l j_f[ jlcg_cl[ p_t [ i\l[ BcmnÜlc[ _]f_mc{mnc][( ^_ @omÇ\ci)
_g al_ai) ko_ ^_]f[lio7 ò< i\l[ g_ `[m]chio n[hni ko_ Ç ^c`Ö]cf ^_ []l_^cn[lô
&<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .2+.-)./+6 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 072-5)1-/X'+ <g\limci []bio
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[ ^_ <aimnchbi mi\l_ BÑh_mcmô &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .2+3).2+0 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^
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][om[ ^[ cgjiln~h]c[ ^_f[m j[l[ im ^_\[n_m ]ig im al_aim &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j*
./+14 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 07103X'+ No[m nl[ôÅä_m ^[ i\l[ g[lnclifáac][H pc^[ ^_
=lcmÜmnigi _m]lcn[ jil K[f|^ci _ M_lgâ_m mi\l_G[n_om ^_ >lcmámnigi &<g\l+ Ol[p+
P_lm* J[fc* jl+ VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 07361X8 <g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .3+/ VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^
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nigi _ m_om _hmch[g_hnim &<g\l+ Ol[p+ ?j* .2+0 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 07162X'+
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_f_ _gjl__h^_o òhÄi má ]ig jl[t_l) g[m ]ig al[h^_ ^_f_cn_ô &<g\l+ Ol[p+
?j* .3+// VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 0722.X' _ ko_ ]igjf_nio [ ^_mj_cni ^[ ò_rnl_g[
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0 QKGB?BC B? GENCH? -/5
`[f[p[ j[l[ gocnim ^_ m_om ]ihn_gjil~h_im f[nchim î mÇ]ofi SQ ko[hî

]ihnl[mnio [ òm[\_îlc[ _ _fikoÑh]c[ô ^_mm_m j[cm al_aim ]ig [ mcno[ÅÄi
ch]_ln[ ^[ cal_d[ al_a[ h[ko_f_ gig_hni &<g\l+ Ol[p+ P_lm* G[h* =[f* jl+
UJA .2/7.0*.1X'+
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pcn* 1+03 V?[pcm) j+ 044X') h_g n[gjio]i [ f_acncgc^[^_ î omi î jÄi m_g
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al_aim _ im f[nchim [ l_mj_cni ^_mm_ [mmohni _l[ g[cm p_l\[f ko_ mo\mn[h]c[f
&H[lm+ K[^+ >_`* gch* ./+1 V=l[gjnih) j+ 04X'8 _ g_mgi ko[hî [ h_a[ÅÄi
î @cfciko_ ìc linof[^[ ]ig i b_l_mc[) _mm[ linof[ÅÄi ji^c[ m_l []igj[hb[^[
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cal_d[ al_a[ ilniîr[' [ j[lncl ^_ mo[ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi _rjfÖ]cn[ j_f[ cal_d[ f[nch[
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l_chi ^_ >lcmniô &Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R = * ^c_l* 60 VNce_m /735-X') jicm _mm_ n_lgi)
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g_o M_chi hÄi Ç ^_mn_ g ohîô &Ei+ K[l+ Jh^* 5 VG_]f_l]k .6-X' ]igi m_o
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j_l`_cn[g_hn_ >lcmniô _ òhÄi ko_lc[ h[^[ ^_ [onilc^[^_ _]f_mc|mnc][ô) gocnim
^_ ]odim \_h_`c]c[îm l_òn[l[g mo[ òhip[ îonlch[ô mi\l_ [ ji\l_t[ h[
cal_d[ &P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn* 2+0 V?[pcm) j+ 1/0) 1/3v'+ @g \il[ m_d[ og[ ][fãhc[
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^_ ji\l_t[ _ î _p[ha_fbi mÄi p_l^[^_clim m[]_lîn_mô &[j+ P\+ >[m+ M[h]n*
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&P\+ >[m+ Nl* m]_f* v,!444.-7.04¡X' ^[ il^_g `l[h]cm][h[) g[m _g ãfncg[ [h|fcm_
-1, ### D=2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
_l[ òi [fc]_l]_ ^[ jlájlc[ cal_d[ô &P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn* 0+6 V?[pcm) j+ /--X8 <ha+
>c[l+ ;Ñp* J_f* ..5 U; @ B 067.15X') og [fc]_l]_ _ og[ òj_l`_cn[ ]ihdohÅÄiô
&=[lnb+ Kcm+ Ko[^* 1- V.1657H4pX' ]ig ?_om ko_ nchb[g mcî i\fcn_l[îm
him mÇ]ofim ^_jicm ^_ >lcmni [nÇ [ pch^[ ^_ Al[h]cm]i ^_ <mmcm &=[lnb+ Kcm+
=ihìlg* 6+/+1 U;h[f* @l[h]* 17046X'+
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lcno[cm ìl[g linof[^[m ^_ òb_l_mc[ô &Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R = * ^c_l* 6 VNce_m /7051X8
H[lm+ K[^+ >_`* j[]* /+.1+5 VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+ /15*16X' j_fim îcm j_hm[îl_m
g[cm ch`fo_hn_m _ jlipi][ncpim ^[ jlcg_cl[ g_n[^_ î mÇ]ofi SDQ) Bocfb_lg_
^_ J]eb[g _ H[lmÖåi ^_ K|ô[ &_g\il[ ò[ ch`foÑh]c[ î [hnc]f_lc][fô H[l*
mÖfci ^_ K|ô[ òmi\l_ im big_hm ^_^c][îm ^[ cal_d[ô ]igi Bocfb_lg_ ^_
J]eb[g òm_d[ _rnl_g[g_hn_ p[filct[^[ô' &J\_lg[h V.630X) j+ 0/1'+ <j_m[l
^_ [ jimm_ ^_ \_hm goh^[him _g mc g_mg[ hÄi nilh[l [faoÇg òcgj_l`_cniô
&Bocf+ J]+ =j* R = * ^c_l* .-3 VNce_m /7443X' _ [j_m[l ^_ m_l h_]_mm|lci ko_ j_fi
g_him [faohm ]lcmnÄim ]ihncho[mm_g [ jimmocl \_hm goh^[him &Bocf+ J]+ Ij*
R = * ^c_l 3 VNce_m .7 033X') [m j[f[pl[m ^_ >lcmni j[l[ i dip_g lc]i7 òN_ pi]Ñ
ko_l m_l j_l`_cni) p|) p_h^[ im m_om \_hmô &Hn .6+/.' _mn[\_f_]_g [ ^_`chcÅÄi
^_ òj_l`_cÅÄiô j[l[ niîm ko_ m_ _mìlÅ[lc[g j[l[ [f][hÅ|*f[ h[ cal_d[ &Bocf+
J]+ Ij* R= * ^c_l 45 VNce_m /7303X'+ Kicm ò_mm[ ji\l_t[ n_g ^_ m_l ]ihmc^_l[^[
]igi _mj_]Ö`c][g_hn_ _p[haÇfc][ ko_ Ç ][l[]n_lÖmnc][g_hn_ _hmch[^[ hi _p[h*
a_fbi _ ^_m`lon[^[ jil [ko_f_m ko_ ko_l_g m_aocl ]ig j_l`_cÅÄi [ îonlch[ î
_p[ha_fbiô &Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R= * ^c_l* /0 VNce_m /7135*36X'+ < p_l^[^_cl[ j_l`_cÅÄi
]ihmcmnc[ _g m_l òog cgcn[îl ^_ >lcmniô &Bocf+ I]* <_h* .+2 VNce_m 07.50*51X'
_ îm [jámnifim _g mo[ ji\l_t[+ C[pc[ og[ ^c`_l_hÅ[ _hnl_ im [jámnifim _ im
ionlim ]lcmnÄim _g mo[ [^_mÄi } l_al[ _mnlcn[ ^_ ji\l_t[) g[m j[l[ im [jámnifim
[ hilg[ _l[7 òIÄi n_hbi jl[n[ h_g ioliô &<n 0+38 Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R = * ^c_l* .--
VNce_m /742.X'+ @f_m ncp_l[g ^_ ]ihìlg[l mo[ ji\l_t[ [i _r_gjfi ^_ ji\l_t[
nin[f î jlájlci >lcmni &Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R= * ^c_l 6 VNce_m /7053*54X' ko_) ]igi
?_om) jimmoÖ[ ni^[m [m ]icm[m) g[m) ]igi big_g) l_hoh]c[l[ [ _f[m &Bocf+ J]+
Ij*R=*^c_l ..)2 VNce_m/71.-).+02/X' &B ocf+J ]+<_h* .+.2 VNce_m07/-4X8=ih[*
al+ J[oj* U; @ B //70/0X'+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) K_^li _ m_om mo]_mmil_m hÄi ji^c[g
l_cpch^c][l m_l pca|lcim ^_ >lcmni hi îgÖhci ^_mn_ mi\l_ [m jimm_m n_gjil[cm
_ mi\l_ i l_chi n_gjil[f) jicm _mm_ îgÖhci j_ln_h]c[ [ mo[ h[nol_t[ ^cpch[
&Bocf+ J]+ Ij* R=($* ^c_l* 60 VNce_m /7353*54X'+ H[lmÖfci ^_ K|ô[ &H[lm+ K[^+
>_`* j[]* /+.0+// VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+ /0/X' ó òh^[g_hn[î h_mm[m c^Çc[m ^_
ji\l_t[ ]igi j_l`_cÅÄi _ ^_ >lcmni ^_ []ilî ]ig mo[ h[nol_t[ bog[h[ ]igi
òn_hî i\m_lp[î [ g[cm [fn[ ìlg[ ^_ ji\l_t[ g_lcnálc[ô &H[lm+ K[^+ >_`*j[]*
/+.0+00 VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+ /05X ó ìc _g `l_hn_ j[l[ ^_hoh]c[l òim mo]_mmil_m
0 O?KP? GENCH? ### -1-
^_ >lcmni _ îm [jámnifimô &H[lm+ K[^+ >_`* j[]* /+.1+.1 VKl_pcnÇ*Jlnih) j+

/2.*2/X' ko_ m_ [jlijlc[l[g ^_ n_ll[m _ ]c^[^_m+ @f_ moa_lco [nÇ g_mgi ko_
>lcmni òjlic\cl[ [im [jámnifim _ [im mo]_mmil_m ^_mn_m ko[fko_l îgÖhci mi\l_
im \_hm n_gjil[cmô &H[lm+ K[^+ >_`* g_h* 0+2 V=l[gjnih) j+ 4X'+
Jm j_hm[îl_m g[cm gi^_l[îm ó l_]ihb_]_hî ko_ _mm[ ][gj[hb[
j[l[ ò[fcpc[lô &Rs]+ M_lg* .+1 V.K4EA57/40X' [ cal_d[ _ i ]f_li ^_ mo[ lcko_t[
[ `cg ^_ l_mn[ol[l [ m[hnc^[^_ ^[ ji\l_t[ _p[haÇfc][ m_lc[ mcgjf_mg_hn_ og
mo\n_l`ãaci j[l[ [ ò[o^|]c[ô ^[m [onilc^[^_m _ jlÖh]cj_m f_caim _ [hnc]f_lc][cm
&C_hl+ G[ha+ N_f* .5 VK_t .*..72/5X' j[l[ _mjifc[l [m jimm_m ^[ cal_d[ &B_lm+ Hoj*
VBfilc_or 37/-.*/X' ó n_hn[l[g l_^_`chcl [ ko_mnÄi+ Pg[ ^[m []om[Åä_m ]ihnl[
Oig|m ^_ <kochi ìc ko_ _f_ `[fbio [i chn_ljl_n[l [m j[f[pl[m òhÄi f_p_g
h_g ioliô &Hn .-+6' ]ig i og[ il^_g &Oim+ <k+ M* N* /+/+.52+3 [^ . V?^*
F_ih* .-7146X'+ J m [jifiacmn[m [ `[pil ^_ Oig|m ^_ <kochi &Bocf+ H[l+ =ilh
Nig* 4/ U<c\f* Nig* 67/63X' ^_]f[l[l[g ko_) m_ _mm[ _l[ og[ il^_g) j_ln_h]c[
[j_h[m } gcmmÄi h[ bcmnálc[ î _p[ha_fbi _ ko_ hÄi m_ [jfc][p[ ò[ niîm im
]lcmnÄimô &=ilh ñKo[l_ó 4/ V<c\f Nig* 67/6∏ 8 <ff+ M_lg* /- V.16-7>flX'8 g[m
[ []om[ÅÄi &Bl[\+ =f+ =[h* gcmm* 4-+O VJ\_lg[h*>ioln_h[s 07.40X' n[g\Çg
][j[]cnio [faohm ^_f_m [ ch^c][l [ [g\caoc^[^_ ^[ ji\l_t[ ]igi _pc^Ñh]c[
^_ m[hnc^[^_ _ [ [laog_hn[l ko_ [ [onÑhnc][ j_l`_cÅÄi ji^c[ ]i_rcmncl ]ig [
ji\l_t[ _ ]ig [ lcko_t[ &=ilh ñM]c_hôgó 4.) 63 U<c\f* Nig* 0.7/4.) 0/0X'+ <
ji\l_t[ _g mc g_mg[ _ jil mc g_mg[ hÄi _l[ h_]_mm[lc[g_hn_ og[ pclno^_ _
hÄi _l[ [ g_mg[ ]icm[ ko_ j_l`_cÅÄi &>ill+ ñKo[ln' 4. V<c\f* Nig* 67/61*62X8
<h^l+ K_l+ >_]* <[p* V<JCL .-732*33X'+ J m bommcn[m n[g\Çg _mn_h^_l[g [i
]f_li m_]of[l &Cm+ Mp[n 4 vCl[\|e) j+ 34X' [ [jfc][ÅÄi ^[ jlic\cÅÄi òhÄi f_p_g
h_g ioliô &Hn .-+6') g[m _mm[ jimcÅÄi ìc ]ihn_mn[^[ jil p|lcim ^_ m_om iji*
h_hn_m &Ei+ K[f+ >c[f* V= < .7.55X'+ @hnl_ [ jlic\cÅÄi [\mifon[ ^[ ji\l_t[ ^[
cal_d[ `_cn[ j i l Rs]fc``_ _ EiÄi Comm _ [ l_cpch^c][ÅÄi [\mifon[ } jlijlc_^[^_
]igi og ^cl_cni ^cpchi jil j[ln_ îm n_á]l[n[m j[j[cm) ò[ cal_d[ ^_`_h^_ i
g_ci*n_lgi ][náfc]iô ^_ ko_ [ jimm_ ^_ jlijlc_^[^_ hÄi _l[ ch]ihmcmn_hn_
]ig [ m[hnc^[^_) g[m hÄi _l[ og[ ch`_lÑh]c[ ^[ ]igcmmÄi ^_ >lcmni j[l[ K_^li
&<ff+ Jin* _]]f* V?o Kch /76/3X'+ J m big_hm ^[ cal_d[ hÄi _mn[p[g i\lca[îm [
nl[n[l [m jimm_m ^[ g_mg[ g[h_cl[ ko_ im [jámnifim [m nl[n[p[g &B_lm+ Ji^*
_]f* ./ VBfilc_or 37/06X'+ I[ p_l^[^_) [ lcko_t[ n_gjil[f []ogof[^[ h[ cal_d[
jlcgcncp[ j_fim òîonil_m ^[ n_ifiac[ô ìl[ og[ ]ihm_koÑh]c[ ^_ mo[ n_ifiac[
mÄ &B_lm+ Hoj* VBfilc_or 37.61X'+
J ][mi g[cm hin|p_f ^_mm[ lcko_t[ &_ i i\d_ni g[cm hinálci ^_ ògolgol[ÅÄiô
mi\l_ i [mmohni' &K_^+ K[f+ Ji^* j[j* .+.+0+/ VNn_ff[) j+ ..1*/-X' ìc i î]og_hni
?i[ÅÄi ^_ >ihmn[hnchi &[j+ E[]+ >_ll+ O\* a_mn* 1+S{+.1.1 VAche_ /7.61X') ko_
D= 2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
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ji^_ m_lpcl ]ig i og ãncf Öh^c]_ j[l[ ^c`_l_hn_m [ncno^_m _g ^cl_ÅÄi } l_f[ÅÄi
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.17.44X' lc^c]of[lctio [ hiÅÄi ^_ ko_ ò[ cal_d[ ^_ >lcmni [f][hÅ[l[ og _mn[î
^_ j_l`_cÅÄi [j_h[m h[ko_f_ gig_hni _g ]do_ []_cn[l[ g[n_lc[fg_hn_ i ji^_l
^_ >Çm[lô &>b_f+ M n pl* .+/1 U=ig* //74-X8 >cp+ Kl[a+ ?j* rc+.10. [j+ Ei+ M[a+
<i_* 5- UG= .7.25X'+ >ihmn[hnchi òkocm m_l g[cm moncf ko_ >lcmniô) g[m jlipio
m_l og ò^_gâhciô ko_ m_ôtco [ cal_d[ [i ]illigjÑ*f[ ]ig lcko_t[m ] ji^_l
&Rs]+ M_g* 1+.3)/+3 V.KUEA.07.0/)6+04*05X'+ N_o ]igj[hb_cli bommcn[d[]i\i
^_ Hc_m ]ih]il^[p[ ko_ [ ?i[ÅÄi _l[ og[ i\l[ î ^_gâhci) g[m []l_m]_h*
nio ko_ >ihmn[hnchi [ `ct_l[ ò]ig \i[m chn_hÅä_mô &E[]+ Hcm+ Md_p* 57./ UJl[g*
.570/6X'+ ? [hn_ <fcabc_lc momn_hnio ko_) _g jlcg_cli foa[l) >ihmn[hnchi hÄi
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VMc]]c) j+ /24X8 Q[cf+ >ih* =ihmn 10 UGABKAG; .-7.-5X'8 _hko[hni Bocfb_lg_
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[onÑhnc][) ]igi jlip[ ^_ ko_ i cgj_l[îl hÄi l_]_\_o mo[ [onilc^[^_ _ jimm_m
î j[j[) g[m pc]_*p_lm[ &Bocf+ J]+ Jin* j[j* .+./ VNce_m .720X'+ I i _rnl_gi
ijimni î _mj_]nli jifÖnc]i) @aÖ^ci ^_ K_lãac[ omio [ ?i[ÅÄi j[l[ jlip[l
ko_ i j[j[ nchb[ ^_ `[ni f_acncgc^[^_ j[l[ l_cpch^c][l mo[ [onilc^[^_ _ jimm_m
&<_a+ K_l+ Ch ` U<JCL .-7./5X') _ >ihl[î ^_ H_a_h\_la ]b_aio [nÇ g_mgi
[ [laog_hn[l ko_ >ihmn[hnchi [hn_m ^_ m_l \[nct[î òhÄi _l[ cgj_l[îl hi
jf_hi m_hncî ^[ j[f[pl[ U[\omcpim _l[n cgj_l[nilW jilko_ _f_ l_ch[p[ ìl[ ^[
cal_d[ô) g[m _mm[ ]ihp_lmÄi _ \[ncmgi &_ [ ?i[ÅÄi' go^[l[g _mm[ ]ih^cÅÄi
&>ihl+ H_a+ Nl[hm( cgj* /. U<JCL .-70.3X'+ H[m) j[l[ ionlim ^_`_hmil_m îm
^cl_cnim j[j[cm) _l[ h_]_mm|lci chmcmncl klc_ >ihmn[hnchi òi\n_p_ i cgjÇlci ^_
ìlg [ domn[) ^_ []ilî ]ig i ^cl_cni bog[hiô [ `cg ^_ jlin_a_l m_o ^cl_cni
^_ ]_^_l _mm_ cgjÇlci j[l[ i j[j[ &X[]+ Qcn+ L_a* ]bl* /+.-) /+2 V<lkocffcÉl_) j+
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/76/3X' _fiac[l[g [ ?i[ÅÄi ^_ >ihmn[hnchi &<ff+ G [n - VJ[ef_s) j+ /26X8 <ff+
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i jlájlci >ihmn[hnchi ]ig i i ]ogjlcg_hni ^[ jli`_]c[ \Ö\fc][ &B_lm+ Ji^*
_]f* ./ VBcilc_or 37/04X'+ < î[ÅÄi hÄi jlip[p[ ko_ i ko_ i cgj_l[îl nchb[
ìc ilcach[fg_hn_ jlijlc_^[^_ î j[j[8 _f[ jlip[p[ ko_ [m jimm_m n_gjil[cm
hÄi ]illig j_l[g _i cjmi [ m[hnc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ &B_lm+ =ih_* oh* i\_{* VBcilc_or
2721*22X') _ ko_ i j[j[ ]igj[lncfb[lc[ mo[ lcko_t[ ]ig [ cal_d[ &Ei+ N]b_f+
;pcm* ./ U=< 57...*./X'+ @g og[ ][n_ailc[ _mj_]c[f îm j_hm[îl_m î mÇ*
]ofi SQ &Ic]if+ >om+ =ih_* ][n* 0+/ VC_c^_f\_la .170/5*/6X8 <g\l+ Ol[p+ Il*
<[m* VH[hmc /67./22X' _mn[p[g [ko_f_m ko_ ko_mncih[p[g [ [on_hnc]c^[^_ ^[
?i[ÅÄi òh^[g_hn[îm hi _mnoî [][^Ñgc]i _ him òh^[g_hnim bcmnálc]im
0 O?KP? GENCH? ### -1/
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òbcmnilc[ hÄi Ç bcmnilc[ô &Q[cf+ >ih* =ihmÑ* .+/4)1+03 VG A B K A G ; .-752)64X'+
J m jlijih_hn_m ^_ òi g_ci*n_lgi ][náfc]iô []l_^cn[p[g _mn[l _f_m g_m*
gim ^_`_h^_hî [ chn_alc^[^_ î @mn[î) \_g ]ig i [ m[hnc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[) _g
_mj_]c[f ]ihnl[ [ko_f_m òb_l_a_mô ko_ j[l_]c[g _mn[l _hmch[hî ko_ hchaoÇg
ji^c[ ^_n_l ^_ ìlg [ [^_ko[^[ i jimni h[ cal_d[ io hi @mn[î [ g_him ko_
_f_ g_mgi ìmm_ domni _ m[hni &B_lm+ Pc^* _mj* 0 VBfilc_or 07.2-X'+ J jlch]cjci
^_f_m) _g ijimcÅÄi [ Rs]fc``_ _ EiÄi Comm) _l[ ko_ n[hni h[ cal_d[ ko[hni hi
@mn[î [nÇ g_mgi òog big _g chdomni ji^_ n_l i ^cl_cni ^_ aip_lh[lô &<ff+
Chî]n* V?o Kch .7316X'+ I i ko_ ^ctc[ l_mj_cni } ko_mnÄi jifÖ^][) _mm[ ][l[]n_*
lct[ÅÄi jifÑgc][ j[l_]_ m_l g[cm []ol[^[ j[l[ Rs]fc``_ ko_ j[l[ EiÄi Comm)
g[m himmi chn_l_mm_ [koc Ç h[ _]f_mcifiac[+ O[hni Rs]fc``_ ko[hni EiÄi Comm
òh^[g_hn[l[g mo[ _]f_mcifiac[ h[ ^_`chcÅÄi ^[ cal_d[ ]ig i i hãg_li ^_
jl_^_mnch[îm &p_d[ j+ .02*3 []cg[') [ ko[f) jil mo[ p_t) _l[ [ jl_mmojimcÅÄi
j[l[ [ _mncjof[ÅÄi ^_ ko_ i j[j[ má g_l_]c[ i nÖnofi ^_ òpca|lci ^_ >lcmniô
òm_ _f_ ìmm_ og gchcmnli `c_f) jl_^_mnch[î j[l[ [ afálc[ î ][\_Å[ V^[ cal_d[X)
E_mom >lcmniô &Cm+ Ca* .1 C VObigmih) j+ .-6X8 Rs]+ ?]]f . V.K4EA27.6X'+ J
>ih]cfci ^_ >ihmn[hÅ[ ]ih^_hio _mm_ _hmch[g_hni) _ EiÄi B_lmih i ch]foco
_hnl_ im ò[lncaim ]ihncîm ìlg[f io cgjfc]cn[g_hn_ hi nl[n[î ^_ EiÄi Comm
^_ Kl[a[ chncnof[î Mi\l_ [ cal_d[( m_aochî im _llim ^_ Eibh Rs]fc``_ &B_lm+ ?j*
02 VBfilc_or /7.30X'8 _mm[ j_l]_jÅÄi jlcp[lc[ i ]lcmnÄi ^_ ko[fko_l ]_ln_t[
mi\l_ i gchcmnÇlci ^[ cal_d[ &B_lm+ Ji^* __f* . VBfilc_or 37/./X'+ Pg[ a_l[ÅÄi
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n[hni ko_ i j[j[ m_d[ `c_f) _f_) _g\il[ _g mo[ gil[f jimm[ m_l Ögjci) ji^_
_ ^_p_ m_l ]b[g[î öm[hniõ io [nÇ g_mgi öm[hnÖmmcgiõ ô &C_hl+ F[fn+ Fc\*
jl[_^c]* VH[hmc /67644X8 K_^+ Gon+ Fca*`l[n* 4 V<JCL .-726*30X8 <fp+ K_f+ Jf[h_(
_]]f* .+21 V.23-715lX8 Ooll+ ;a* Lig* VH[hmc 0-7.-0.*00X'+
@ l_f_p[hn_ i `[ni ^_ ko_ _f_ m_aoco _g `l_hn_ ^cl_ni j[l[ ^_`chcl i òh*
^[g_hni ^_mm[ chmcmnÑh]c[7 ò<mmcg n[g\Çg [ cal_d[ ][náfc][ Ç ^_higch[^[
öm[hn[õ hÄi jil ][om[ ^[ m[hnc^[^_ ^_ niîm ko_ _mnÄi jl_m_hn_m h_f[) og[
p_t ko_ gocnim ^_f_m mÄi j_][îl_m) g[m jil ][om[ îm m[hnim i`Ö]cim _ ^[
m[hnc^[^_ îm m[]l[g_hnim jl_m_hn_m h[ cal_d[ô &C_hl+ F[fn+ Fc\* jl[_^c]* VH[hmc
/67644X'+ Kicm [ ko_mnÄi îonlch[c h[m ^cm]ommä_m mi\l_ i [mmohni ^_ og j[j[
Ögjci _l[ [ m[hnc^[^_ ^[ jlájlc[ cal_d[) [mmcg ]ig i [ ko_mnÄi îonlch[c h[m
^cm]ommä_m mi\l_ i ko_ `[t_l m_ i j[j[ ìmm_ b_l_a_ _l[ [ ch`[fc\cfc^[^_ _ ch*
^_`_]nc\cfc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ &p_d[ j+ .4-*4/ [\[cri'+ Bl[Å[m _g j[ln_ [i ]cmg[ _
_g j[ln_ ò} ih^[ [m]_h^_hn_ î îh[ncmgiô &J\_lg [h V.630X) j+ ///' him
mÇ]ofim S DQ _ SQ &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ 3-*3.) /11) /3.*3/') [ []_cn[ÅÄi ko[m_ ohc*
.21 ©©© D=2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
p_lm[c ^[ îonlch[ ^_ <aimnchbi &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ 0./*.1' ^_ ko_ im m[]l[g_hnim)

_g òh^[g_hnim i\d_ncpim) _l[g p|fcîm) ch^_j_h^_hn_g_hn_ ^[ pclno^_ io
cgjc_^[^_ î gchcmnli io îm l_]cjc_hn_m) ]ig_Å[l[g [ [jl_m_hn[l `cmmol[m
l_f_p[hn_m+ Jm ko_ pc_l[g [ [jic[l [ [onilc^[^_ j[j[f n[g\Çg ìl[g _rjfÖ]cnim
_g mo[ [^_mÄi } jimcÅÄi nl[^c]cih[f mi\l_ _mm[ ko_mnÄi+ < òm[hnc^[^_ô _l[ ^_
îcm ncjim) ko_l ^[ j_mmi[ ko_l ^[ jimcÅÄi) _ má [ ãfncg[ [`_n[p[ im m[]l[g_hnim
&<_a+ Mig+ Ca*jin* .+/ VN]bift) j+ 4X'+ H_mgi og m[]_lîn_ il^_h[î jil og
\cmji [^_jni î ]cmg[ io b_l_a_ hÄi l_]_\c[ og[ hip[ il^_h[ÅÄi [i pifn[l }
ohc^[^_ ][náfc][) ^_m^_ ko_ i jlájlci \cmji ncp_mm_ mcî p[fc^[g_hn_ ]ihm[al[î
_ ncp_mm_ m_aocî i lcno[f ^_ il^_h[ÅÄi ^[ cal_d[ ]ig [ chn_hÅÄi ^_ ]ih]_^_l
[m m[hn[m il^_hm ^[ cal_d[ &<_a+ Mig+ L_h*j[j* .-+4 V.2217.2p*.3lX'+ N_lc[ `|]cf
l_jliôtcl _mm[m ^_]f[l[Åä_m ^_ ionlim jlin[aihcmn[m j[j[cm î mÇ]ofi SDQ)
]igi) jil _r_gjfi) i `l[h]cm][hi _mjclcno[f ûfp[li K_f|aci &<fp+ K_f+ Jf[h_(
_]]f* .+6 V.23-7/pX8 <fp+ K_f+ ?j* .+.6).-+3) .-+.0)..+..).0+.- VH_h_abch) j+
..*./) 24) 3/*32) 44).-4X'+
I i _hn[hni) _mm[m ^_]f[l[Åä_m n[g\Çg [j[l_]_g h[ko_f_m _rjih_hn_m
îm `l[h]cm][him _mjclcno[cm ^[ ji\l_t[ _p[haÇfc][ ko_ _l[g ch]f_g_hn_m
_g m_om [n[ko_m ]ihnl[ [m ìlg[m n_i]l|nc][m ^[ n_ilc[ ^[ [onilc^[^_ j[j[f+
Kil cmmi) Bocfb_lg _ ^_ J]eb[g) òh^[g_hn[î _g og[ j[mm[a_g ^[ f_c
][hâhc][ u=ilj* Dol* =[hh*6 >_]l* Al[n* /+.+.+44 VAlc_^\_la .7051X') l_d_cnio
ko[fko_l ^c`_l_hÅ[ _hnl_ [ _o][lcmnc[ jl_j[l[^[ jil og m[]_lîn_ Ögjci _
[ko_f[ ]ihm[al[^[ j i l og big _g \ig &Bocf+ J]+ =ilj* / V=cl]b) j+ .35X'+
P\_lnchi ^_ >[m[f_ ó ]igi [jifiacmn[ j[l[ im `l[h]cm][him _mjclcno[cm _ j[l[
i fÖ^_l ^_f_m) K_^li EiÄi Jfcpc ó l_d_cnio [ []om[ÅÄi ^_ ko_ b[pc[ ò[faog
[jiciô _g K_^li EiÄi Jfcpc j[l[ [m òb_l_mc[mô ko_ [`clg[lc[g _mm[ ^c`_l_hÅ[
&P\+ >[m+ M[h]f* [j* U;FE A ;ù; /71./X'+ @g \il[ P \_låhi hÄi h_a[mm_ ko_
b[pc[ m[]_lîn_m Ögjcim _ ò][lh[cmô) him ko[cm hÄi mi\l[l[ h[^[ ^[ |ao[ ^[
pc^[ &P\+ >[m*; l\* pcn* 0+0 V?[pcm) j+ .11X') _f_ [mm_aolio [im \_h_`c]c|lcim î
\[ncmgi _ ^_ ionlim m[]l[g_hnim ko_ i `[ni ^_ m_l_g gchcmnl[îm jil og
m[]_lîn_ Ögjci hÄi johb[ _g lcm]i [ p[fc^[^_ îm m[]l[g_hnim) og[ p_t
ko_ i jlájlci >lcmni _l[ ^_ `[ni i gchcmnli _) jil ]ihm_aochn_) ò[ l_[fc^[^_
î m[]l[g_hniô _mn[p[ jl_m_hn_ &P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn* 0+/ V?[pcm) j+ .05*06X'+
@f_) [i g_mgi n_gji) []ihm_fbio i `c_f [ _pcn[l im m[]_lîn_m ko_ _mn[p[g
]f[l[g_hn_ _g og[ ]ih^cÅÄi ^_ j_][î giln[f) _g\il[ [ ò^cm]cjfch[ m_d[
gocni `[fb[ bid_) _ g[f_m chnif_l|p_cm m_d[g nif_l[îmô) ^_ g iî ko_ }m p_*
t_m _l[ h_]_mm|lci òl_]_\_l im m[]l[g_hnim ^_ og m[]_lîn_ ]ihn[hni ko_
_f_ m_d[ []_cni j_f[ cal_d[ô &P\+ >[m+ ;l\* pcn* 1+2 V?[pcm) j+ 0-/*0X'+ < cal_d[
][náfc][ ]ihncho[lc[ ][náfc][ g_mgi m_ [j_h[m og `c_f [^_lcmm_ [ _f[ &P\+ >[m+
0 O?KP? GENCH? æ 22
; l e pcc* 1+03 V?[pcm) j+ 042X') g_mgi m_ i jlájlci j[j[ ìmm_ og b_l_a_ io

og ][om[îl ^_ ]cmg[+
< n_h^Ñh]c[ ^_ m_om ]ihn_gjil~h_im _ îm _mno^cimim g i^_lhim ^_
dohn[l EiÄi Comm [ Rs]fc``_ ò]igi og l_\_f^_ ]ihnl[ [ il^_g _mn[\_f_]c^[ô
&[j+ Njche[ V.633X) j+ 02-' _ ]igi og h_iîh[ncmn[ Ç ]igjl__hmÖp_f } fot
îm gocnim _gjlÇmncgim) gocnim ^_f_m n_rno[cm) î l_ìlg [îl chafÑm him
_m]lcnim î l_ìlg [îl n]b_]i) g[m) h_mm_ ][mi) _f_m ^_p_g m_l ^cmnchaocîm7
Rs]fc``_ p_ci j[l[ h_a[l [ p[fc^[^_ îm m[]l[g_hnim [^gchcmnl[îm jil og
òm[]_lîn_ Ögjciô) g[m EiÄi Comm hÄi i m_aoco h_mm[ c^_c[) _g \il[ [faohm
îm ^cm]Öjofim ^ _di Äi Comm i n_hb[g m_aocî+ Rs]fc``_) _g m_o nl[n[î chnc*
nof[î Mi\l_ i îgchci ]cpcf) `_t ko_mnÄi ^_ i\m_lp[l ko_ g_mgi m_ og gchcmnli
ìmm_ ]ofj[î ^_ j_][î giln[f) ò?_om) _g ]odi hig _ _f_ _mn| gchcmnl[hî)
mojl_ i ko_ m_l| ^_ \_h_`Ö]ci j[l[ [ko_f_m ko_ l_]_\_g i m[]l[g_hni ]igi
m_ og big _g domni _mncp_mm_ om[hîô i ji^_l j[l[ gchcmnl[l &Rs]+ =cp* îg*
.+0 U Q CQ 17/1X'+ @f_ [`clg[l[ [ g_mg[ ]icm[ _g og ^_ m_om m_lgä_m [h*
n_lcil_m &Rs]+ M_lg* .+1 V Q fQ z V.MV&( g[m ko[fc`c][l[ _mm[ c^_c[ _g m_lgä_m
jimn_lcil_m [i ^ct_l ko_ cmmi) òn[fp_t _g [faog m_hncîô &Rs]+ M_lg* .+1-
UQ FQ 57/35X') ìmm_ p_l^[^_ io ko_ im jl_f[îm _ j[j[m Ögjcim hÄi nchb[g
i ji^_l ^[m ]b[p_m &Rs]+ M_lg* .+2. v QFQ#/0R d') og[ p_t ko_ [m jlig_mm[m
^_ >lcmni j[l[ im [jámnifim hÄi m_ [jfc][p[g [ _mm_m jl_f[îm &Hn .3+.5).68
Ei /-+/.*/0' ò[ g_him ko_ _f_m m_aocmm_g im [jámnifim _g mo[ gil[fô &Rs]+
M_lg* 1+/- VQ CQ .07.42X'+ Jm ]lcmnÄim ^_p_g `[f[l ]ihnl[ _mm_m m[]_lîn_m
_ _pcn[l [m gchcmnl[Åä_m ^_f_m &Rs]+ M_lg* 0+0 jicm b[pc[ og[
^c`_l_hÅ[ _hnl_ ò[ \ih^[^_ gil[fô ^_ og[ bámnc[ ]ihm[al[^[ jil og \ig
m[]_lîn_ _ [ ^_ og[ bámnc[ ]ihm[al[^[ j i l og big _g g[fcahi &Rs]+ ?o]*
1 VDKUEA.37..0X'+ >b_f]c]eã n[g\Çg ^_`_h^c[ ko_ im m[]l[g_hnim) ko[hî
mÄi l_]_\cîm ^[m gÄim ^[ko_f_m ]od[ `Ç _mn[p[ giln[) òhÄi \_h_`c]c[gô i
]lcmnÄi &>b_f+ Mn* pl* /+./) .+0 U=ig* //7/24*25) ..*./X8 >b_f+ Jimn* 1/ U=ig*
.3754X') jicm _mm_m m[]_lîn_m aoc[g [m [fg[m ò[j_h[m j[l[ i ^_gâhciô &>b_f+
=le* VK_nlå) j+ .--X'+
@g \il[ >b_f]c]eã n_hb[ l_]_\cî [ [^_mÄi ^_ ionlim bommcn[m h[ chmcm*
nÑh]c[) j[l[ [ ko[f _l[ jimmÖp_f ]cn[l [ [onilc^[^_ ^_ Oig|m ^_ <kochi &Oim+
<k+ M* N* 0+5/+6 V?^* F_ih* ./7/35X') ^_ ko_ _l[ j_][î l_]_\_l i m[]l[g_hni
^_ og m[]_lîn_ ko_ [ j_mmi[ m[\c[ m_l og j_][îl) cmmi hÄi nl[hmìlg[p[
i bommcncmgi _g òh_iîh[ncmgiô &>cp+ Kl[a+ ?j* rc+.10. [j+ Ei+ M[a+ <i_* 5-
UG= .7.3/*30X'+ J jlájlci EiÄi Comm jlic\co ò^[l ^Ötcgi j[l[ [ gcmm[ io
iopcl [ gcmm[ô ^_ og m[]_lîn_ ch^cahi) g[m _rjfc]io cg_^c[n[g_hn_7 òIÄi
ko_ [ gcmm[ hÄi m_lc[ m[hn[ô &Cm+ Mp[n* 4 VCl[\|e) j+ 4/*40X'+ @f_) Ç ]f[li)
D=2" B2>C2" 42CN<:42 6 2@?BCN<:421
-12 <:!
_h`[nctio ko_ òniî \ig ]lcmnÄi Ç og m[]_lîn_) g[m h_g niî m[]_lîn_ Ç
og \ig ]lcmnÄiô &Cm+ M[h_n* 33+/ VAf[dÉb[hm 07014X' _ ko_ og m[]_lîn_ Ögjci
_l[ òog pca|lci î [hnc]lcmniô &Cm+ Ca* .2+F VObigmih) j+ ./6*0-X'+ H[m _f_
jlimm_aoco j[l[ _hmch[l [ p[fc^[^_ îm m[]l[g_hnim ]_f_\l[îm jil ko[fko_l
m[]_lîn_ ko_ ìl[ il^_h[î ^_ ìlg [ [jlijlc[^[ _ ko_ jl_n_h^c[ gchcmnl[l
i m[]l[g_hni &Cm+ M_hn* 1+.0+0 VAf[dÉb[hm /7251X8 Cm+ Ca* .-+H VObigmih) j+
55X') og[ p_t ko_ [faoÇg ko_ _l[ _f_ g_mgi cgjoli [ch^[ ji^c[ jolc`c][l
ionl[ j_mmi[ &Cm+ M_hn* 1+2+0*1 VAf[dÉb[hm /721. *1/X'+ Acf_ ]cnio ]ig [jlip[ÅÄi
[ [^p_lnÑh]c[ ^_ <aimnchbi ko_ [ko_f_m ko_ jl_a[p[g >lcmni òj i l ][om[
^_ a[hbi n_ll_hiô &<a+ ´ ∂ !Di* 13+3 V= = MF 0371-.X') [ch^[ [mmcg) _mn[p[g
jl_a[hî >lcmni _ òjil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_f_m [ pit ^_ >lcmni Ç iopc^[ô &Cm+ Ca*
.5+C VObigmih) j+ .30X'+ EiÄi Comm j_lg[h_]_o jlárcgi ^[m ìlgof[Åä_m
^_ Rs]fc``_ h[ h_a[ÅÄi ko_ [ il^_h[ÅÄi nilh[p[ [nÇ g_mgi im m[]_lîn_m
Ögjcim _g og[ j[ln_ ^[ cal_d[ &Rs]+ ?]]f .6 VDAOÂ 27110*12X') g[m cmmi
hÄi i `_t h_a[l [ p[fc^[^_ ^[ il^_h[ÅÄi ^_f_m &Cm+ Ca* 2+B*C VObigmih) j+
03*05X'+ <ch^[ [mmcg) m_om chcgcaim i []om[l[g ^_ îh[ncmgi _) _hnl_ m_om
m_aocîl_m) ìc _mj_]c[fg_hn_ E[]i\i ^_ Hc_m ko_ m_ _mìlÅio j[l[ ^cmmi]c[l
mo[ ][om[ ^_ ko[fko_l cgjfc][ÅÄi ^_mm_ ncji+ @f_) _hko[hni ^_crio ]f[li
ko_ im `[fmim ]lcmnÄim) ko_l f_caim ko_l m[]_lîn_m) hÄi j_ln_h]c[g } cal_d[
p_l^[^_cl[ &E[]+ Hcm+ Td_p* ..7/ UJl[g* .571-6X') hÄi ìc g_him ]f[li [i ^_*
]f[l[l ko_ òog[ j_mmi[ ]illig jc^[ chn_lcilg_hn_ ji^_ g[hn_l og ][lai _
[onilc^[^_ _mjclcno[cm _ \[nct[l _ ]ihm[al[l i ]ilji _ i m[hao_ î N_hbilô
&E[]+ Hcm+ Td_p* .4+1 UJl[g* .6735X'+ < j_l]_jÅÄi ijimn[ m_lc[ og[ ìhn_ ^_
^ãpc^[ _ ]ihòmÄi n[hni j[l[ i m[]_lîn_ ko[hni j[l[ [m j_mmi[m &E[]+ Hcm+
Td_p* .57..*.0 UJl[g* .67.4-X'+
EiÄi Comm) _g og jihni) p[c [fÇg ^[ n_ilc[ [aimnchc[h[ ]ihp_h]cih[f
mi\l_ [ p[fc^[^_ &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /3.*3/'7 i _n_lhi ^cf_g[ g_^c_p[f ^[ ]ih^c*
ÅÄi î m[]_lîn_ ko_ i\n_p_ mo[m m[hn[m il^_hm jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_ mcgihÖ[+
< mcgihÖ[ _l[ og jli\f_g[ ko_ n[g\Çg chkoc_n[p[ im ijih_hn_m ^_ EiÄi
Comm %M_lg*!]ih_*! =ihmn* /0+cc+.1.3) fJ+p+.1.3 VAche_ /710/*00)11/*11X8 Ic]if+
>f+ Loch*! ca* .2*.4) /0 V>ipcff_) j+ ./1*/2) .0-X8 N_a+ Mcg* [j+ N_a+ B cmn*! ]ih]*
<[m* 5+./ UG = .6360*63X8 N_a+ A[\l* / U> LN; .17020X8 @m]+ ; pcm*! U=< .7/.5X8
Eof+ >_m+ Mcg*! U=< 57.02*06X'+ <nÇ g_mgi [ko_f_m ko_ ^_higch[p[g im bom*
mcn[m ^_ òb_l_a_m g i^_lhimô pc[g ko_ òog big _g pclnoimi _ n_g_hn_ [
?_om ko_ hÄi kocm_mm_ m_ ]ig jlig _n_l ]ig [ mcgihÖ[ ^c`c]cfg_hn_ i\n_lc[
og \_h_`Ö]ci _]f_mc|mnc]iô &H[n+ >l[]+ =ih^* ..)6 VR[f]b .*.716)06X8 <g\l+
Ol[p+ ? j* .+.1 VH[lnÉh_*?ol[h^ 07/5X8 Ei+ N]b_f+ ; pcm* . U=< 57..-X8 H[n+
H[sh+ =ihmofn* . U=< 5730X') _ ko_ im mcgihÖ[]im nl[tc[g dofa[g_hni mi\l_ mc
0 O?KP? GENCH? 777 %)+
g_mgim g_mgi ko[hî jl_j[l[p[g m[]l[g_hnim p|fcîm %M_lg* ]ih_* =ihmn*

.5+pc+.1.3 vAche_ /712-X'+ Pg \cmji ko_ mio\_mm_ mi\l_ og mcgihÖ[]i ] hÄi
`ct_mm_ h[^[ _l[ ]ãgjfc]_ î `[fnimi &@m]+ =[h*ji_h* V.16.73ld'+ EiÄi Comm)
]ihp_h]cî ]ig i _mn[p[ ^_ ko_ òb| gocni jio]im m[]_lîn_m ko_ hÄi nÑg
og[ il^_h[ÅÄi mcgihÖ[][ô &Cm+ Mp[n* / VCl[\|e) j+ /4X') ijohb[*m_ [ niî
j[a[g_hni ^_ n[r[m j[l[ [ gchcmnl[ÅÄi ^_ ko[cmko_l îm m[]l[g_hnim &Cm+
M_hn* f+<+ch]+.+6+ VAf[dÑb[hm /74*5X'+ @f_ ^_`chc[ [ mcgihÖ[ ]ig i ò[ chn_hÅÄi
]ihm]c_hn_ ^_ ]igjl[l io p_h^_l [fai _mjclcno[fô &Cm+ ?ll* 3 VMs\[) j+ 2/X8
Cm+ Mp[n* 4 VCl[\|e) j+ 32X'+ Kil cmmi) _f_ ch]foco ]g mo[ ^_`chcÅÄi ^_ mcgihÖ*
[]i hÄi má i m[]_lîn_ ko_ ]igjl[p[ mo[ il^_h[ÅÄi _ i \cmji ko_ j[a[p[
mo\ilhi j[l[ ]ihm_aocl m_o ][lai &Cm+ Mp[n* 6 VCl[\|e) j+ 5.X') g[m n[g\Çg
i f_cai ko_ i`_l_]c[ ^chb_cli _g nli][ îm m_lpcÅim ^[ cal_d[+ Pg[ p_t ko_ [
mcgihÖ[) hi chÖ]ci ^[ D^[^_ HÇ^c[) _l[ og[ òb_l_mc[ô &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ 16') EiÄi
Comm m_ [jlijlcio ^_mm[ ^_mcah[ÅÄi &Cm+ M_hn* 1+.0+2)1+/2+1 VAf[dÑb[hm /7254*
55) 31-*11X') ]ig i i `_t >b_f]c]eã) ko_ nilhio og[ jl|nc][ ^_higch|*f[ ò[
g[cil b_l_mc[ ^_ ni^[mô ó jl|nc][ _mm[ ko_ jlipi]io [m i\d_Åä_m ^_ EiÄi
^_ M[aom[ hi >ih]cfci ^[ =[mcfÇc[ &>b_f+ Jimn* 5) 04 U=ig* .17.-0) .37..2X8
>b_f+ Mn* pl* /+/4 U=ig* //7/63X8Ei+ M[a+ [j+ G[ol+ M_c]b+ >colh* 4+{+.100 UG=
.70-1X'+ EiÄi B_lmih) og n_áfiai [hnc*bommcn[ [hn_lcil) n[g\Çg i\d_nio [
og[ c^_hnc`c][ÅÄi [onig|nc][ ^_ ni^[ mcgihÖ[ ]ig i b_l_mc[ _ nl[hkocfctio
im ]lcmnÄim jl_i]oj[îm ]ig [ _`c]|]c[ ^[m gchcmnl[Åä_m îm mcgihÖ[]im ko_
ò>lcmni) i j[j[ mojl_gi) mojlco _ ]ihncho[ [ mojlcl i ko_ `[fn[ [im jl_f[îm
h_mm_m ][mimô &B_lm+ Mcg* VBfilc_or 37.4.*4/X'+
EiÄi B _lmih) [ ^_mj_cni ^_mm[m a[l[hnc[m mi\l_ [ _`c]|]c[ m[]l[g_hn[f _
p[fc^[^_ i\d_ncp[) l_]ihb_]_o ko_) _hnl_ im m[]l[g_hnim) [ j_hcnÑh]c[) ]igi
[ jl_a[ÅÄi) _l[ og ][mi _mj_]c[f &Oim+ R[f+ =igj* m_lg* . V>b[lf[h^) j+ 0/6*
0-X'+ < j_hcnÑh]c[ i]oj[p[ og foa[l jli_g ch_hn_ ]ig i i l_]olmi _mjclcno[f
òg[cm cgjiln[hn_ _ ko[m_ i l_]olmi chn_al[fô j[l[ gocnim ]lcmnÄim &B_lm+
M_lg* /.2 VBfilc_or 27.1.X'8 ]ihìlg _ og n_áfiai `l[h]cm][hi ]ig_hn[l[)
][^[ og îm nlÑm ]igjih_hn_m ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ moj_l[p[ i ji^_l î ^_gâhci
^_ og[ ìlg [ _mj_]c[f &=[lnb+ Kcm+ Ko[^* // V.1657B3pX'+ < j_hcnÑh]c[) h[m
gÄim ^_ og j[c ]ih`_mmil b[\cfcîmi _ ]igj[mmcpi) _l[ og chmnlog_hni j[l[
l_mn[ol[l [i ][gchbi l_ni [ko_f_m ko_ b[pc[g m_ ^_mpc[î _ j[l[ ]ihìln[l
im ^_m]ihmif[îm) g[m m_ _f[ _l[ [^gchcmnl[^[ ^_ ìlg[ ch_jn[) niî i jli*
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ko_ [ m_j[l[ÅÄi ^[ cal_d[ _l[ _ll[^[ &Vp_d[ j+ 01/ [\[cri8 <_a+ >[lf+ Joh* VH[h*
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jlial[g[ ^[ M_ìlg[+
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bog [hi nchb[g ^_ m_l l_d_cn[îm m_ _mncp_mm_g _g ]ih`fcni ]ig [ @m]lcnol[
&B_lm+ Onl[k* VBfilc_or .-722X') g[m _mm[ ]ih]il^~h]c[ hÄi _l[ [ g_mg[ ]icm[
ko_ ^_]f[l[l òko_l_l m_aocl _ []_cn[l má [ @m]lcnol[ô &B_lm+ M_hn* fcn* VBfilc_or
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ni^[m [m [ln_mô &Oim+ F_gj+ >ion* dop* . VKibf 17.5.*5/X') ko_l ]lcmnÄm ko_l
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i\l[ ^_ >lcmni) j[l[ i ò]ihmifiô ]lcmnÄi %@ilg* =ih_* M* >* 5+54 V<_e*( j+ .-13X')
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gi g[cil ^_ Gon_li &Gon+ >nm]\* E[n* /+/+0. U<_e*( j+ 32/X'+ Gon_li ]ihm_aoco
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0 PCLILEG? B? ANQT //4
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mo[ l_mmoll_cÅÄi) chn_lligj_o i ji^_l ^[ giln_+
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0 PCLILEG? B? ANQT +( © / / 6
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j[nlÖmnc]idiÄi @]if[gj|^ci) `_t ]ig ko_ _mm_ mojimni ò]ihm_hmi ]igogô
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ch^cpÖôim ^[ M_ìlg[ M[^c][f) jil mo[ p_t) ]ig_Å[l[g [ [n[][l im îag[m
^[ Olch^[^_ _ ^[m ô[m h[nol_t[m _g >lcmni &p_d[ j+ 060*1-/ [\[cri') _f_
p_ci [ []b[l [ch^[ g[cm cgj_l[ncpi [ [`clg[ÅÄi î ]ihm_hmi ][náfc]i ]igi
og[ g[l][ ^[ cal_d[ [onÑhnc][+ < ^_]f[l[ÅÄi ^_ f_[f^[^_ [i >l_î Ic]_hi h[
=ih`cmm~i ^_;oam\ola &=ih`*;oa* .+. v <_e*( j+ 2-X' _ [ ch]iljil[ÅÄi î >l_î
îm <jámnifim) î >l_î Ic]_hi _ î >l_î ^_ <n[h|mci %Fc\* =ih_* U<_e*( j+
/. *0-X' hi ]ilji îag|nc]i ]ig i ko[f i j[mnil nchb[ ^_ m_ ]igjlig_n_l
j[l[ [ il^_h[ÅÄi _l[g ni^[m _rjl_mmä_m ^_mm_ ]igjligcmmi ]ig [ ][nifc]c*
^[^_ ^[ îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[) [ ^_mj_cni î l_]ihb_]cg_hni ^_ ko_ [nÇ g_mgi
i >ih]cfci ^_ Ic]_c[ ìl[ òcgjlo^_hn_ô &H_f+ Ca* U=L /073-3X' _g l_f[ÅÄi
[ [faohm jihnim _ ko_ _mm_m ]l_îm hÄi ]ihnchb[g [faog[m ^[m îonlch[m
&]igi [ ^[ domnc`c][ÅÄi j_f[ `Ç' ko_ Gon_li m_f_]cih[l[ ]igi _mm_h]c[cm j[l[
i m_hncî î _p[ha_fbi &p_d[ j+ //. []cg['+
< mo\mncnocÅÄi ^_ og[ ^_`chcÅÄi òh]cih[f jil og[ ^_`chcÅÄi chmncno]cih[f
^[ h[nol_t[ ^[ cal_d[ _ [ jl_i]oj[ÅÄi ]ig ][niå]c^[^_ hi _hmch[g_hni mi\l_
/1/ ± ? 6E2>86<9? 4?=? ? C6B?DA? 52 :8A6;2
[ _o][lcmnc[ moa_l_g ]ig i im m[]l[g_hnim _l[g cgjiln[hn_m j[l[ [ îonlc*

h[ ^[ cal_d[+ < jl_a[ÅÄi î _p[ha_fbi _ [ [^gchcmnl[ÅÄi îm m[]l[g_hnim
_l[g _f_g_hnim ]ihmncnoncpim ^[ cal_d[ u=ih`*;oa* 4+/ V<_e*( j+ 3.X'7 ìc jil
chn_lgÇ^ci î \[ncmgi ko_ òìgim l_]_\cîm chc]c[fg_hn_ hi ]lcmnc[hcmgiô
&Gon+ >nm]b* E[n* 1+/ V<_e*) j+ 36.X'8 ^[ g_mg[ g[h_cl[) òi _p[ha_fbi chn_cli
_ i [lncai î ]l_î7 ö>l_ci h[ m[hn[ cal_d[ ]lcmnÄ) hi j_l^Äi îm j_][îmõ mÄi
ch]iljil[îm h_mm_ m[]l[g_hni V[ _o][lcmnc[X _ i`_l_]cî [ hám jil chn_lgÇ^ci
^[ j[f[pl[ô &Gon+ >nm]b* E[n* 2+0. U<_e*) j+ 4.0*.1X'+ <fÇg ^cmmi) [i `[f[l mi\l_
[ domnc`c][ÅÄi má j_f[ `Ç _l[ _mm_h]c[f ko_ i n_lg i òmáô hÄi ìmm_ _hn_h^cî
]igi _r]fochî [ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om _ im m[]l[g_hnim) jicm _mn_m _l[g im g_cim
j_fim ko[cm [ `Ç _l[ ]lc[^[ %;jif* =ih`*;oa* 1+40 U<_e*( j+ .42X'+ Jm m[]l[g_h*
nim _l[g og[ j[ln_ nÄi ch_rnlc]|p_f ^[ îonlch[ ^[ domnc`c][ÅÄi ko_ ko[hî
im [h[\[ncmn[m l_d_cn[l[g [ j_l]_jÅÄi ilniîr[ ^_ \[ncmgi &Gon+ Qc_^* V Q;
/37.3.*3/X' io ko[hî UoÖhafci l_d_cnio [ j_l]_jÅÄi ilniîr[ ^[ _o][lcmnc[)
Gon_li [laog_hnio ko_ _f_m) j[l[ m_l ]ihmcmn_hn_m &Gon+ Qiln* UQ; /07./4X8
Gon+ ;\* =bl* UQ; /370.4X') hÄi ji^c[g momn_hn[l ]ill_n[g _hn_ [ ko_mnÄi
]_hnl[f ^[ domnc`c][ÅÄi h_g ko[fko_l ionl[ îonlch[) _g\il[ _f_ _mncp_mm_
^cmjimni [ l_]ihb_]_l ko_ i ch^cpÖôi ji^c[ m_l m[fpi jil iopcl [ j[f[pl[ ^_
?_om g_mgi ^_mm[ ìhn_ &Gon+ Qc_^* UQ; /37.31X'+ H[m im m[]l[g_hnim _l[g
nÄi pcn[cm ko_ ko_g m_ _ha[h[mm_ ]ig _f_m) òg_mgi _g og ãhc]i jihniô)
nchb[ ^_ m_l _pcn[î &Gon+ ; \* =bl* UQ; /3701.X'+
Jm m[]l[g_hnim _l[g pcn[cm hÄi má jilko_ j_ln_h]c[g [i ]ilji î
_hmch[g_hni _m]lcnol[c &_g\il[ n[g\Çg jil cmmi) Ç ]f[li') g[m jilko_ _f_m)
_hn_h^cîm ^[ ìlg[ [jlijlc[^[) _l[g og[ _jÖnig_ î jlájlci _p[ha_fbi
&Gon+ >nm]b* E[n* 1+. U<_e*( j+ 36.X'8 m_g _f_m hchaoÇg ji^c[ m_l ]lcmnÄi+ Gon_li)
_g og ^_ m_om jlcg_clim _m]lcnim g[cm [gjf[g_hn_ ^cmm_gch[îm) I ][ncp_cli
\[\cfàhci ^[ cal_d[ &p_d[ j+ 0/0 [\[cri') ^_^c]io*m_ } ko_mnÄi îm m[]l[g_hnim
]ig i n[cm ]ig g[cm ^_n[fb_m î ko_ n_p_ g_mgi _g mo[m i\l[m jimn_lcil_m
ko_ _mn[p[g chn_l_mm[^[m _g og io ionlim îm m[]l[g_hnim ch^cpcô[cm+
Gon_li ó i\m_lp[hî) ]ig i ionlim [hn_m ^_f_ &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /21*238 j+
046*5- [\[cri') ko_ hi I ipi O_mn[g_hni [ j[f[pl[ f[nch[ òm[]l[g_hnogô)
]igi og[ nl[ôÅÄi î n_lg i al_ai ògsmnÉlcihô) hÄi mcahc`c][p[ i ko_ [ cal_d[
`ch[fg_hn_ p_ci [ jl_n_h^_l ]ig i n_lg i òm[]l[g_hniô _ ko_ >lcmni g_mgi)
^_ []ilî ]ig omi î I ipi O_mn[g_hni &DOg 0+.3') _l[ i m[]l[g_hni _g og
m_hncî ãhc]i ó l_pco im m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim ^[ cal_d[ g_^c_p[f _ ^_hoh]cio im
[\omim [im ko[cm _f_m nchb[g mcî mo\g_ncîm hi _hmch[g_hni _ h[ jl|nc][)
ch]fochî [ hÄi _hnl_a[ î ]|fc]_ } f[c]c^[^_ &Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 372-/*4X'+
òN_g ^ãpc^[) i [\omi g[cm j_lp_lmi ^_ niîmô &Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 372-4X'
0 ACKPN?IGB?BC BL CR?KECIFL &('
n[hni hi _hmch[g_hni ko[hni h[ jl|nc][ _l[ [ hiÅÄi ^_ ko_ im m[]l[g_hnim

\_h_`c]c[p[g jil ][om[ î gÇlcni bog[hi _) _mj_]Ö`c][g_hn_) ko_ [ _o][lcm*
nc[ _l[ òolh[ \i[ i\l[ _ og m[]lc`c]ciô &Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 372./X'8 jicm _mm[
hiÅÄi [n[][p[ i ]_lh_ ^[ g_hm[a_g î _p[ha_fbi+ Gon_li) _g og nl[n[î
[gjfc[hî [faog[m ^[m ko_mnä_m f_p[hn[^[m _g mo[ i\l[ I ][ncp_cli \[\cfàhci
^[ cal_d[( l_p_fio*m_ [ch^[ g[cm ch_kocpi][g_hn_ ]ihnl[ [ ^_`chcÅÄi g_^c_p[f _
]ihn[a_g îm m[]l[g_hnim _ chmcmnco ko_ [m ô[m ]icm[m _mm_h]c[cm _g ko[fko_l
m[]l[g_hni _l[g [ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om _ i mch[f _rn_lhi _) jil ]ihm_aochn_) i
\[ncmgi _ [ _o][lcmnc[ _l[g im ãhc]im m[]l[g_hnim p_l^[^_clim ^[ cal_d[ î
I ipi O_mn[g _hni &Gon+ ;h\* V Q; ..7121X'+ < cal_d[ hÄi nchb[ [onilc^[^_
j[l[ chmncnocl hipim m[]l[g_hnim j[l[ im ko[cm hÄi b[pc[ il^_g _ jlig_mm[
_rjfÖ]cn[m h[ @m]lcnol[ &Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 3+23-*3.X'+ Dmmi _r]foÖ[ im ionlim
^cnim m[]l[g_hnim7 ]ih`clg[ÅÄi) g[nlcgâhci) il^_h[ÅÄi _ _rnl_g[ ohÅÄi
&Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 3723-*3.X'+ < l_d_cÅÄi ^[ n_hn[ncp[ ^_ _rj[h^cl i hãg_li
^_ m[]l[g_hnim ^_ îcm j[l[ m_n_ j[mmio [ m_l og j[^lÄi h[m jifÑgc][m jli*
n_mn[hn_m) ]ihìlg _ gimnl[ i l_j_ncî nl[n[g_hni î [mmohni jil =offcha_l
&=fhal+ Aah* 2+<+3*2+=+3 V.22.7/-*/.X8 =fhal+ >_]* 2+3 V.22/70/3lX8 =fhal+
Mog* 5+1 V.2237.11pv'+ < j_hcnÑh]c[ &io g[cm [jlijlc[^[g_hn_ [ ]ih`cmmÄi
_ [ [\mifpcÅÄi' _l[ og ][mi _mj_]c[f &Gon+ Jl_{* .-+cp+.20. UQ; 01*.70--X'+
I [ i\l[ I ][ncp_cli \[\cfàhci ^[ cal_d[ _ n[g\Çg _g î]og_hnim jimn_lcil_m
^[ M_ìlg[ ^_ Gon_li) [ jimcÅÄi nÇ]hc][ ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ ]ig i m[]l[g_hni
]ihncho[p[ [g\Öao[ &Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ; 372-.) 24/X8 Gon+ >nm]b* E[n* 1+41
U<_e*( j+ 4-2)2 V(; j i f =ih`*;oa* ./+1.).0+1 U<_e*( j+ /26)/6/X8 >b_g+ ?r[g*
=Nlc^* /+4+.+.+1 VKl_omm) j+ 1/3X'+ I [ p_l^[^_) [ jimcÅÄi nÇ]hc][ hÄi _l[ gocni
cgjiln[hn_) _g j[lnc]of[l jilko_ i òm[]l[g_hniô _l[ og n_lg i _]f_mc|mnc]i)
_ hÄi \Ö\fc]i+ < ]ih`cmmÄi) ko_l ìmm_ m[]l[g_hn&w ko_l hÄi) ]ig ]_ln_t[ _l[
og g_ci ^_ al[Å[) î ko[f Gon_li ^cmm_7 òO_lc[ mcî îg ch[î _ _mnl[hao*
f[î j_fi ^_gâhci b| gocni n_gji m_ [ ]ih`cmmÄi Vjlcp[^[X hÄi ncp_mm_ g_
momn_hn[îô &Gon+ Jl_^* .3+ccc+.2// UQ; .-*...73.+3/X'+
J ko_ ^_o } ]ih`cmmÄi _mm_ ji^_l al[h^_ _ _`c][t hÄi ìc m_o foa[l _g og
mcmn_g[ m[]l[g_hn[f nin[f) g[m mo[ l_f[ÅÄi ]ig [ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om hi _p[ha_*
fbi &=ah+ M[]* V.2/27<1pX'+ @f[ _l[ og[ ìlg[ _mj_]c[fg_hn_ j_lmih[fct[^[
^[ [\mifpcÅÄi a_l[f ko_ _l[ jli]f[g[^[ io) ^_ [faog giî) ^_pc[ _mn[l _g
niî m_lgÄi &Gon+ Big* ][m[ UQ; 2/72/-X'+ ? _ <aimnchbi pc_l[ [ `álgof[7
ò< j[f[pl[ Ç []l_m]_hn[^[ [i _f_g_hni) _ _mn[ m_ nilh[ og m[]l[g_hni) h[
p_l^[^_) og ncji ^_ j[f[pl[ pcmÖp_f _g mc g_mg[ô &p_d[ j+ ../ []cg[8 <a+ ?p*
Di* 5-+0 U==MF 0372/6X'+ < jlcg_cl[ g_n[^_ ^[ `álgof[ j[mmio [ m_l og[ ^_`c*
hcÅÄi [gjf[g_hn_ om[^[ ^[ h[nol_t[ ^_ og m[]l[g_hni &Uo+ N`* U=L 6.7/15X8
( * * SSS ? 6E2>86<9? 4?=? ? C6B?DA? 52 :8A6;2
Gon+ ; ln* ?mg * 0+2 U<_e*( j+ 116*2-X8 Blij+ F_s\* . V.22371-pX') _hko[hni [
_rjl_mmÄi òj[f[pl[ pcmÖp_fô j[mmio [ m_lpcl ]igi ^_mcah[ÅÄi ^_ m[]l[g_hni
hÄi má j[l[ Gon_li _ m_om ]if_a[m) ko_ n_h^c[g [ `[f[l ]iil^_h[^[g_hn_ ^_
j[f[pl[ _ m[]l[g_hni %;jif* =ih`* ;oa* .0+2 U<_e*) j+ 116*2-X') g[m ^_ ìlg[
[ch^[ g[cm [jlijlc[^[ j[l[ >[fpchi _ m_om ]if_a[m) _g ]odim _hmch[g_hnim
jl_îgch[p[ og[ [n_hÅÄi [ _mm_ [mj_]ni ^[ îonlch[ m[]l[g_hn[f mi\l_
og[ jl_i]oj[ÅÄi ]ig ko_mnä_m ]ig i [ h[nol_t[ ^[ jl_m_hÅ[ _o][lÖmnc][
&p_d[ j+ /21 [\[cri'+ < j[f[pl[) n[g\Çg j[l[ Gon_li) _l[ [ ìlÅ[ ko_ în[p[
og m[]l[g_hni ]ig mo[ jimcÅÄi _mj_]c[f7 i \[ncmgi òhÄi V_l[X g_l[g_hn_
|ao[) g[m [ |ao[ om[^[ ^_ []ilî ]ig [ il^_g ^_ ?_om _ ]ih_]n[^[ ]ig
[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_omô &Gon+ Ef* E[n* 1+. U<_e*( j+ 2.2X'8 h[ _o][lcmnc[ òhÄi V_l[X
i ]ig_l _ i \_\_l _g mc g_mgim Vko_X jliôt Vim _`_cnim î m[]l[g_hniX)
g[m [m j[f[pl[m öj[l[ pi]Ñõ _ öj[l[ i j_l^Äi îm j_][îmõ ô &Gon+ En* E[n* 3+5
U<_e*( j+ 2/-X8 =ah+ <_^* ..2/27=1lv'+ Kil _mm[ l[tÄi) _f_ ji^c[ ch]focl _g og[
fcmn[ îm g_cim j_fim ko[cm i _p[ha_fbi _l[ nl[hmgcncî hÄi má ò[ j[f[pl[
il[fô _ im nlÑm m[]l[g_hnim î \[ncmgi) ^[ _o][lcmnc[ _ î òji^_l ^[m ]b[p_mô
h[ [\mifpcÅÄi) g[m n[g\Çg ò[ gãno[ ]ihp_lmÄi _ ]ihmifi îm clgÄimô ko_
n[g\Çg _l[ og ][h[f j[l[ [ g_mg[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om &Gon+ ; ln* ?mg * 0+1
U<_e*( j+ 116X'+
< ^_mcah[ÅÄi) hi _p[ha_fbi) ^[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om ]ig i og[ òj[f[pl[
il[fô hÄi _l[ j_]ofc[l [ _mm[ j[mm[a_g him ;lncaim ^_ ?mg[f][f^_( g[m _l[ og
n_g [ j_lmcmn_hn_+ Lo[hî _f_ m_ l_`_lco } j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om hi _p[ha_fbi)
_rjfc]io Gon_li) òhÄi V_mn[p[X `[f[hî mi\l_ i _p[ha_fbi _m]lcni) g[m mi\l_
i _p[ha_fbi il[fô &Gon+ ;g \l* =[n* UQ ; 474/.X'+ Gon_li) òh^[g _hn[î _g
og[ _ncgifiac[ ^_ E_láhcg i &Cc_l+ B_\l* hig* H[nn+ = U= = MF 4/7.02X' ko_
nchb[ _g ]igog ]ig m_o chcgcai Eib[hh @]e &@]+ ´¥* . <^p+ 0 V.20-*.)
2lX') _rjfc]io ko_ i hig _ \Ö\fc]i ò=_n`[aÇô &Hn /.+.' nchb[ i m_hncî ^_
òog[ ][m[ ^[ \i][) _ hÄi og[ ][m[ ^[ j_h[ô jilko_ i jlájlci >lcmni hÄi
_m]l_p_l[) g[m jl_a[l[) _ hÄi il^_h[l[ ko_ m_om ^cm]Öjofim _m]l_p_mm_g) g[m
ko_ jl_a[mm_g) ^_ g iî ko_ òi _p[ha_fbi jimm[ m[cl ^[ @m]lcnol[ g iln[ _
^[m j_h[m j[l[ pit _ [ \i][ pcp[mô &Gon+ Ecl]bjimn Æ∫+ . <^p+ VQ ; .-*.*/715X'+
<mmcg) _hko[hni i n_rni f[nchi ^[ =ih`cmm~i ^_ ;oam\ola nilhio [ ]ih^cÅÄi
j[l[ [ ohc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ ò[ ]ih]il^~h]c[ _g l_f[ÅÄi } îonlch[ î _p[ha_fbi
_ } [^gchcmnl[ÅÄi îm m[]l[g_hnimô) i n_rni [f_gÄi cao[fg_hn_ [onilcn[ncpi
^_]f[l[p[ ko_ òÇ mo`c]c_hn_ j[l[ [ p_l^[^_cl[ ohc^[^_ ^[ cal_d[ ]lcmnÄ ko_ i
_p[ha_fbi m_d[ jl_a[î _g ]ihìlg c^[^_ ]ig og _hn_h^cg_hni joli ^_f_
_ ko_ im m[]l[g_hnim m_d[g [^gchcmnl[îm ^_ []ilî ]ig [ j[f[pl[ ^cpch[ô
& ¡=ih`* ;oa* 4+/ U<_e*) j+ 3.X'8 jl_mogcp_fg_hn_) i ch^cpÖôi nchb[ ^_ _hn_h^_l
0 ACKPN?IGB?BC BL CR?KECIFL (*+
[ òîonlch[ô } fot î ko_ _l[ òjl_a[îô _ pc]_*p_lm[+ < i\d_ÅÄi ]ihmn[hn_ ^_

ionlim n_áfiaim jlin_mn[hn_m) ^_ UoÖhafci [im M[^c][cm) _l[ ko_ ò_f_m _hmch[g
ko_ i @mjÖlcni N[hni p_g [ hám jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^[m himm[m jlájlc[m jl_j[l[*
Åä_m) j_hm[g_hnim _ i\l[m) m_g [ j[f[pl[ _rn_lh[ î _p[ha_fbiô u=ihd* ;oa*
2+1 U<_e*( j+ 25X'+ @g \il[ ?_om ìmm_ chko_mncih[p_fg_hn_ ihcjl_m_hn_) _f_
hÄi ko_lc[ m_l ]ihb_]cî io [jl__h^cî } j[ln_ ^_ mo[ j[f[pl[ &Gon+ Qiln*
UQ ; /07.2.X'+ I [ ?c_n[ ^_ Rilgm) Gon_li ^cmm_ ko_ mo[ ]ihm]cÑh]c[ _l[
][ncp[ ^[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om &Gon+ Qilg* V Q ; 47544X'+
N_l| ko_ _mm[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om _l[ c^Ñhnc][ } ^[ =Ö\fc[; @mm[ ko_mnÄi)
]ig i [ ko_mnÄi ^[ îonlch[ ^[ _o][lcmnc[ ^_m_hpifpc^[ j i l <aimnchbi &p_d[
pif+ .) j+ 0-4*6') nilhio*m_ _f[ g_mg[ og jihni ^_ mo\m_ko_hn_ ]ihnlipÇlmc[
n_ifáac][) ]od[ jlch]cj[f ko_mnÄi _l[ [ îonlch[ ^[ chmjcl[ÅÄi \Ö\fc][ ^_m_hpif*
pc^[ j_f[ a_l[ÅÄi m_aochn_ ^_ m_aocîl_m ^_ Gon_li _) ^_jicm) ìc l_jo^c[^[
jil a_l[Åä_m [ch^[ jimn_lcil_m) ]ig [g\[m [m `[]Åä_m l_cpch^c][hî [ [oni*
lc^[^_ î l_ìlg[îl+ @g \il[ [ ko_mnÄi) jiln[hni) m_d[ og [h[]lihcmgi)
[g\im im f[îm _h]ihnl[l[g [faog[ momn_hn[ÅÄi h[ fchao[a_g ^_ Gon_li+
>ihìlg _ i\m_lp[gim) _f_ ]ihmc^_l[p[ [ j[f[pl[ `[f[^[ g[cm p[fcim[ ko_ [
j[f[pl[ _m]lcn[ ^[ @m]lcnol[+ @f_ fcîo ]ig p|lcim fcplim î <hncai _ î Iipi
O_mn[g_hnim) []cg[ ^_ noî ]ig [ _jÖmnif[ ^_ Oc[ai) ^_ og[ g[h_cl[ ^c`Ö]cf
^_ b[lg ihct[l ]ig og[ îonlch[ moj_lcil ^[ chmjcl[ÅÄi _ ch_ll[h]c[ \Ö\fc][m
&Gon+ P i l *H N* UQ ; > < 37204X8Gon+ =[n* \[\* VQ ; 37..5X'+ Gon_li) []cg[ ^_
noî) ]ih]_hnl[p[*m_ }m p_t_m h[ ]_hnl[fc^[^_ _ h[ [onilc^[^_ î _p[ha_fbi
]ig og[ chn_hmc^[^_ ko[m_ i\m_mmcp[) n_mn[hî [ jl|nc][ fcnãlac][) i jl_]_cni
Çnc]i _ [nÇ g_mgi i îag[ n_ifáac]i jil g_ci ^_mm_ ]lcnÇlci) _g p_t ^_ j_f[
hilg [ ^_ ]ihìlg c^[^_ ]ig i m_hncî fcn_l[f î n_rni \Ö\fc]i+
>ihnoî) ko[hî jl_mmcih[î j[l[ [on_hnc][l m_o _hmch[g_hni h[ ]ih*
nlipÇlmc[ mi\l_ [ îonlch[ n_ifáac][ ó ]igi) jil _r_gjfi) ^[ jl_m_hÅ[ l_[f
î ]ilji _ î m[hao_ ^_ >lcmni hi jÄi _ hi pchbi ^[ ]_c[ î N_hbil ó )
Gon_li chpi][p[ [ hilg [ ^_ ]ihìlg c^[^_ ]ig i m_hncî fcn_l[f î n_rni
\Ö\fc]i &Gon+ Qiln* UQ ; /0762*66X8 Gon+ ; \ * =bl* UQ ; /371-0*4X'7 òPg n_rni
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big_h[a_[l[g ]ig i og òg|lnclô &=fhal+ ; f\* V.20/7<4l*<4pX8 =fhal+ >_]*
2+4 V.22/7010lX' _ og òjli`_mmil `c_f _ pcailimi ^[ cal_d[ô &>[fp+ Q_mn* . V= L
04750X'+ @mm_m [n[ko_m ]b_a[l[g chc]c[fg_hn_ [ ^cmmo[^cl >[fpchi ^_ [nÇ g_m*
gi f_l UoÖhafci &>[fp+ Q_mn* . U=L 0472.X'+ >[fpchi ìc _g `l_hn_ ]lcnc][hî
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l_[fc^[^_ô m_ dohn[p[8 _f_) jil mo[ p_t) ]lcnc]io Gon_li jil ]ihncho[l [ `[f[l)
[ ^_mj_cni ^_ mo[ l_d_cÅÄi ^[ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi) ^_ og[ g[h_cl[ ko_ ^[p[ [
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_ og lcail ko_ ìl[g ]ihmc^_l[p_fg_hn_ [fÇg ^_ Gon_li+ ; ]f[l_t[ _ [ ]_ln_l[
ioji^_l ^[ j[f[pl[ ^_ >_om ìc i nÖnofi î jlcg_cli fcpli cgjiln[hn_ ^_ Pflc]i
UoÖhafci _ og n_g[ l_]ill_hn_ ^_f_ &Uo+ Ef[l* U=L 557005*51X8 Uo+ A_h* ./7.
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Bim* /+. VFosj_l .71.3X') ]od[m l_aof[g_hn[Åä_m _l[g òg[h^[g_hnim îm
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jimmÖp_f fiai pcl [ j_hm[l ko_ mo[ j[f[pl[ ^_m]lcncp[ `[pilcn[ j[l[ i @mjÖlcni
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i _hmch[g_hni î @mjÖlcni N[hni _mn| } j[ln_ ^[ j[f[pl[) _hnÄi _f_ Ç l|jcî
_g m_ ]illcaclô &Ailmng[h V.63/X) j+ 42'+ <mmcg) _f_) ^_ og[ g[h_cl[ l_gc*
hcm]_hn_ î h_ijf[nihcmgi chc]c[f ^_ <aimnchbi &p_d[ pif+ .) j+ /65') ji^c[
`[f[l î @mjÖlcni N[hni ]ig i ò_mm_ g_mnl_ chn_lcilô &>[fp+ Lig* 472 VK[le_l)
j+ .1-X') g[m ^_jicm) h[ g_mg[ i\l[) _f_ [nio i @mjÖlcni } j[f[pl[ _ [ j[f[pl[
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jl_a[ÅÄi ^[ j[f[pl[ _ ò[ l_p_f[ÅÄi _mj_]c[f î @mjÖlcniô ]igi [ ][om[ ^[
]ihp_lmÄi hi _f_cni &>[fp+ I]]* jlip* .0*.1 U=L 0470.1*.2X'+
>[fpchi) _g m_o jlcg_cli _m]lcni ]ihb_]cî) _rjfc]io [ `l[m_ ò\om][hî
[ domncÅ[ ^_ ?_omô ]ig i òjl_m[ } j[f[pl[ ^_ ? _omô &Hn 2+.-' _ ^_mjl_t[hî
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.-7/ VK[le_l) j+ ///X'+ Kil ]ihm_aochn_) i [fc]_l]_ ^[ l_fcacÄi hÄi _l[ [ l_p_*
f[ÅÄi m_]l_n[) g[m i gchcmnÇlci ^[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om &>[fp+ Lig* .7.3 VK[le_l)
j+ /2X'+ < g_hn_ bog[h[) him fcgcn_m jl_m]lcnim j_f[ j[f[pl[) _ [j_h[m [fc)
ji^c[ ]ihn_gjf[l im ògcmnÇlcim î ]Çoô &>[fp+ Lig* .-75 VK[le_l) j+ //4X'+ Jm
gcmnÇlcim ^_ ?_om _ mo[ g[d_mn[^_ hÄi ji^c[g m_l ]ihb_]cîm h_g bihl[îm
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`cg î g ohî m_lc[ ^_ ionl[ g[h_cl[ &>[fp+ Lig* .17.. VK[le_l) j+ /65X'+ <
j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om) ]ig i òi g iî hilg[fô ^_ nl[hmgcmmÄi ^[ p_l^[^_ ^cpch[)
ò_l[ _rcac^[ j[l[ i p_l^[^_cli ]ihb_]cg_hni ^_ ?_omô8 cmmi _l[ [j_h[m ^_
[]ilî ]ig ò[ ^cmj_hm[ÅÄi ]igog ^_ ?_omô) _ i [jámnifi òhÄi ko_lc[
jl_m]l_p_l og[ f_c j[l[ [ al[Å[ V^_ ?_omXô [i h_a[l j_lgcmmÄi [ ?_om j[l[
nl[\[fb[l ìl[ ^_mm[ ^cmj_hm[ÅÄi &>[fp+ Lig* .-7.1 VK[le_l) j+ /0/X'+
K[l[ _mm_ j[l[îri) ^_ ko_ i big _g _mn[p[ jl_mi } j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om)
g[m ko_ ?_om hÄi _mn[p[ jl_mi [ _f[) b[pc[ j[l[f_fim h[ îonlch[ g_^c_p[f
îm m[]l[g_hnim &p_d[ j+ .-6 []cg[' _ ìc } l_]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^[ cgjiln~h]c[
îm m[]l[g_hnim ko_ im jli`_mmil_m l_ìlg[îm [jfc][l[g _mm_ j[l[îri ^_
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j[f[pl[) î jÄi) î m_hncî fcn_l[f _ îm m[]l[g_hnim ]ig i i g_ci j_fi ko[f
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8?I?RN? C COM\NGPL /20
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hÄi ^_p_ m_l [nlc\oÖ^[ _g og m_hnc^&' ãhc]i [im m[]l[g_hnim &J_]+ ;hncmsh* .3
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io h[ pit î jl_a[îl) n[g\Çg hÄi _mn[p[ fi][fg_hn_ jl_m_hn_ hi jÄi î
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h_g g_him) ko_ [ jl_m_hÅ[ hi ionli7 j[f[pl[ _ m[]l[g_hni _l[g mcgÇnlc]im+
Kil ]ihm_aochn_) [ cmmi) ^_ []ilî ]ig >[fpchi) m_aoco*m_ ko_ òim ]lcmnÄim)
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m[]l[g_hnim jil g_ci ^[ j[f[pl[ _ im jl_h^_l[ } j[f[pl[) [ cmmi) ^_ []ilî
]ig =offcha_l) m_ao_*m_ ko_ ò[ j[f[pl[ î N_hbil Ç g[cm cgjiln[hn_ ko_ im
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cmmi []ihn_]c[ ]ig im m[]l[g_hnim &>[fp+ Lig* 0+/ VK[le_l) j+ 22X'+
(+* JHS 2 @2<2EA2 6 2 E?>C256 56 56DB
< `álgof[ g[cm ch]cmcp[ j[l[ _mm_ _hn_h^cg_hni ^[ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ [ j[f[pl[
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g[m ko_ [ail[ j[mmio [ m_l [ `[pilcn[ îm jli`_mmil_m l_ìlg[îm &G[m+ M[]l*
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]ih]_cni ^] j[f[pl[ pcmÖp_f) ko_ òm_gjl_ ]ih`_mm[gimô &>[fp+ Q_mn* .) 0 U=L
047.6).5.X') og òh^[g_hni ]g ]igog ]ig m_om ijih_hn_m) g[m [`clgio
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]ig i h[^[ g[cm ko_ j[f[pl[m pcmÖp_cm &>[fp+ Q_mn* 0 U=L 047/.4X'+ @mn[p[ n[g*
\Çg ^_ []ilî ]ig [ n_ifiac[ m[]l[g_hn[f ^_ <aimnchbi h[ chn_ljl_n[ÅÄi ^[
jl_m_hÅ[ ^_ >lcmni ò_g niî foa[lô [ ^_mj_cni ^_ mo[ ò[omÑh]c[ ^_ []ilî
]ig [ ][lh_ô ]ig i [ jl_m_hÅ[ ^[ko_f_ òko_ _mn| ]ihim]i _g mo[ j[f[pl[ô)
jicm _mm[ jl_m_hÅ[ má m_ [jfc][p[ } jl_a[ÅÄi î _p[ha_fbi &>[fp+ Q_mn* 0 U=L
047.4/X'+ >ihìlg_ @]if[gj|^ci d| chmcmncl[) ìc ]ig [ ò][lh_ _ i m[hao_ ^_
mo[ j[f[pl[ô ko_ >lcmni honlc[ ni^[ [ l[Å[ bog[h[ &J_]+ =ilj* V.2/27A/pX'+
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ò`[aofb[ô hÄi _l[ ò[ko_f[ jil g_ci ^[ ko[f _mn[gim mod_cnim } [p_lmÄi _ } cl[
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hi ][ncp_cli [i ^_gâhci7 i ]ih]cfci ^_`chco cmmi ]ihnl[ im p|lcim ncjim ^_ j_*
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himmi N_hbil E_mom >lcmni) ko_ him l_]ih]cfc[ ]ig ?_om jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_
m_o m[hao_ô+ J ]ih]cfci) _g ijimcÅÄi [i [h[\[ncmgi) ^_`_h^_o i \[ncmgi
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j[l[ cmmi hi I ipi O_mn[g_hni) hoh][ i _hn_h^_l[ ]ig i j_][î hi m_hncî
_mnlcni ^[ j[f[pl[ &>Olc^+ 2+ >_]l* . V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 332*34X'+
>ihìlg_ [ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi î _hmch[g_hni ^_ Gon_li mi\l_ [ ]ihncho[ÅÄi
î j_][î ilcach[f hi l_a_h_l[î gimnl[l[) [ îonlch[ î j_][î ilcach[f
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/.+pc+ .213 V>O.-720-v') i jlch]cj[f jihni ^_ ^c`_l_hÅ[ ]ig im jlin_mn[hn_m
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[ domnc`c][ÅÄi jl_m_hn_ _hnl_ [ko_f_m ko_ [`clg[p[g ]igj[lncfb[l [ nl[^cÅÄi
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} M_ìlg[ m_g _hpifp_l*m_ h[m ^cmjon[m ^[m ^cp_lm[m _m]if[m ^_ n_ifiac[ hi
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]cfci ôl[hn_ ni^[ [ m_aoh^[ g_n[^_ î [hi ^_ .213+- ]ih]cfci ó jl_mn[hî
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chãg_lim _m\iÅim ^_ ^_]l_nim) j_fi g_him ]ch]i i`c]c[cm _ ^cp_lmim _mìlÅim
ch^cpcô[cm) _g _mj_]c[f ^_ N_lcj[hî+ I_hbog ionli ^_]l_ni ^_mm_ ]ih]Ö*
fci _ [faohm jio]im ^_]l_nim ^_ [faog ionli ]ih]cfci [hn_m io ^_m^_ _hnÄi
l_]_\_l[g ]oc^[î nÄi g_nc]ofimi+ < _pifoÅÄi î ^_]l_ni n[g\Çg f_pio [
og _m]f[l_]cg_hni _mnlonol[f &N_lcj+ >__l* domn* ìlg* [fn* V= N 275/5*00X' ko_
j[l_]_ n_l ncî ilca_g hi m_aohî _m\iÅi jlijimni jil N_lcj[hî) _g /3
^_ [aimni ^_ .213) _ _hnÄi ìc om[î hi jlájlci m_aohî _m\iÅi î ]ih]cfci
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/0+cr+.213 V3O271/-X') jil g_ci î ko[f i ]ihn_ãî jimcncpi î ^_]l_ni ìc
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&K[]b+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .4+S{+.213 V>4%274/4X'8 jicm n[f ò]_ln_t[ô _l[ ò_mnl[hb[
}m @m]lcnol[mô &O[j+ Il[f* .-+.1 VHsfcom /7044X'+ Aic) ò`[f[hî ^_ giî a_l[f)
[jlip[î jil niîmô ko[hî) d| _g dofbi ^_ .213 &>Olc^+ ;]n* pcc+.213 V>O
27060X') [ jlcg_cl[ ìlg [ î ^_]l_ni `[f[p[ ]ihnl[ òi _lli jil g_ci î ko[f
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? 1 BL BLEJ? ©©©HJN
m_ [`clg[ ko_ im domnc`c][îm hÄi má ]ihd]]nol[g) g[m m[\]g ]ig ]_ln_t[)
ko_ mÄi jl_^_mnch[îm _ _mnÄi h[ al[Å[ ^_ ?_omô dohni ]ig i _lli l_f[]ci*
h[î ^_ òko_ niîm domnc`c][îm mÄi i\lca[îm [ []l_^cn[l hcmmi ^_ ìlg[
`clg_ _ ]ig ]_ln_t[ô &>Olc^+ >__l*domn* .+.5 V342706-ºX'8 [ch^[) ò[ko_f_m ko_
ko_l_g ^cm]onclô i [mmohni nchb[g ^_ n_l og[ ijilnohc^[^_ ^_ `[t_l cmmi
&H[ln+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .0+pccc+.213 V34271-3ºX'+ @f_m `ct_l[g cmmi dohni ]ig [
ko_mnÄi ^[ domncÅ[ cgjon[^[ &_g\il[ im g[cm j_l]_jncpim l_]ihb_]_mm_g ko_
[m ô[m ko_mnä_m _l[g \_g ^cmnchn[m' &>Olc^+ ; ]n* .2*/3+S+.213 V34%272/0*
30/X' _) ^_jicm) _g og[ m_mmÄi _mj_]c[f má mi\l_ [ ]_ln_t[ &H[t+ [j+ >Olc^+
; ]n* /.+r+ .213 V3O2725.*6-v'+ Hocnim ^_f_m ]cn[l[g [ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi ^_ Oig|m
^_ <kochi &>Olc^+ ; ]n* .4+rcc+.213 V34%274/4*/5d' ^_ ko_ òhchaoÇgô) _r]_ni
jil g_ci ^_ l_p_f[ÅÄi _mj_]c[f) òm[\_ m_ n_g al[Å[ m[hnc`c][îl[ô &Oim+ <k+
M* N* /+.+../+2 U?^* F_ih* 470/3*/4X' _g\il[ ìmm_ jimmÖp_f m[\_l _ _mj_l[l
ò^_ ìlg [ ]ihd_]nol[f òh^[g_hn[î _g mch[cmô &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .3+r+ .213)
.6+S+.213) /.+r+.213 U= N 27213) 23-) 231) 255X8 >[d+ Moggof* ? V.20-7A1lX8
>[d+ Jola* / VGsihm .7..4X'+ < ]ih^cÅÄi mi\l_ [ l_p_f[ÅÄi _mj_]c[f ]i\lc[ [m
^_]f[l[Åä_m ^_ ò]_ln_t[ô _ òmo`c]cÑh]c[ô _g K[ofi &Mg 5+05)06 VQofa+E8 />i
./+6' &ko_ i ][l^_[f Kif_) jil _r_gjfi) _mn[p[ ^cmjimni [ [jfc][l ^_ ìlg[
a_l[f [ niîm im ]lcmnÄim VKif+ =ih_* 14 V.23/7/4p*/5lX' _) h[ chmcmnÑh]c[ îm
`l[h]cm][him) hi ][mi ^_ Al[h]cm]i ^_ <mmcm &Goh+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .2+S+.213
V34272/2*/3ºX8 K[]b+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* 6+rc+f213 v 3 O 2731/*10X'+ @l[ jimmÖp_f
`[f[l ^_ og[ ò]_ln_t[ ^_ ]ihb_]cg_hniô io ^_ ò]_ln_t[ ^[ `Çô io ^_ og[
ò]_ln_t[ gil[fô8 [ jlcg_cl[ ^_mn[m _l[ ^_`chcncp[g_hn_ cgjimmÖp_f òhi ]olmi
hilg[f îm _p_hnim Um_]ohôg f_a_g ]iggoh_gVV [ n_l]_cl[ _l[ ^_`chcncp[*
g_hn_ jimmÖp_f &I[p+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .6+S+.213 V3427226ºX'+ J jli\f_g[ _l[
[ m_aoh^[ &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .4+pccc+f 213 U= N 271-6X') m_ m_g og[ l_p_f[ÅÄi
_mj_]c[f ò[faoÇg ji^_ m[\_l ]ig ]_ln_t[) ]ig [ ]_ln_t[ ^[ `Ç) ko_ _mn| _g
V_mn[î ^_X al[Å[ô &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /5+pccc+.213 V34271.5*.6ºX'8 _ _l[ cmmi ko_
im ^_\[n_îl_m &>Olc^+ ; ]n* 6+.+.214 V3 4 2 74 4 0 ºX') _ ^_jicm i ]ih]cfci jil
g_ci ^_ m_o ^_]l_ni) h_a[p[g7 òIchaoÇg ji^_ m[\_l ]ig [ ]_ln_t[ ^[ `Ç)
ko_ hÄi ji^_ _mn[l mod_cn[ [ _lli) m_ i\n_p_ [ al[Å[ ^_ ?_omô &>Olc^+ 3+ >_]l*
.+6 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 341X'+
< l_ [ ` cl g [ Å Ä i ^ [ ca l_ d[ _ ^ i ^ i a g [
N_lc[ og [ni al[p_ ^_ l_ô]cihcmgi ]ih]_hnl[l*m_ _r]fomcp[g_hn_ h[m
hip[m ^_`chcÅä_m î >ih]cfci ^_ Ol_hni) ko_ ìc og[ l_mjimn[ } M_ìlg[8
_g\il[ _mm[m m_d[g m_g ^ãpc^[ [m g[cm cgjiln[hn_m ^[m himm[m h[ll[ncp[m) _f[m
má i]oj[l[g i ]ih]cfci ôl[hn_ i jlcg_cli io îcm jlcg_clim [him ^_ mo[m
^_fc\_l[Åä_m+ I [ p_l^[^_) b| ]ihmc^_l|p_f gÇlcni bcmnálc]i j[l[ [ j_l]_jÅÄi
/2, 2 567:>:FL? 52 @2AC:4D<2A:5256 5? 42C?<:4?#A?=2>?
^_ ko_ [m jlch]cj[cm l_[fct[Åä_m î ]ih]cfci) g_mgi j[l[ [ bcmnilc[ ^[ îonlc*

h[ ^[ cal_d[) hÄi _mn[p[ ^_ ìlg[ [faog[ _g mo[m ìlgof[Åä_m îag|nc][m)
g[m _g mo[ f_acmf[ÅÄi [ l_mj_cni ^[ l_ìlg[ _ [^gchcmnl[ÅÄi ^[ cal_d[+ Kil
_r_gjfi) [m ô[m _rcaÑh]c[m ^_ ko_ ni^[ ^ci]_m_ [mmog_ l_mjihm[\cfc^[^_
^cl_n[ j_fi nl_ch[g_hni î ]f_li &>Olc^+ /0+ >_]l* .5 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 42-*
20X' _ j_f[ l_mn[ol[ÅÄi ^[ jl_a[ÅÄi [ m_o foa[l [jlijlc[î h[ pc^[ ^[ cal_d[
&>Olc^+ /1+ >_]l* 1 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 430X' f_p[l[g } ]lc[ÅÄi î m_gch|lci
n_ifáac]i g i^_lhi &hi `cg) hi jlin_mn[hncmgi _g [faohm j[Öm_m _ n[g\Çg
hi ][nifc]cmgi*lig[hi h[ g[cilc[ îm j[Öm_m' ó ]ihnlif[î j_f[ cal_d[)
cmif[î ^[m ionl[m `[]of^[^_m ^[ ohcp_lmc^[^_ _ ^_pin[î _r]fomcp[g_hn_ }
jl_j[l[ÅÄi jli`cmmcih[f îm m_lpim ^[ cal_d[+ Ooî cmmi n_g ]ihm_koÑh]c[m
^_ fihai [f][h]_ h[ bcmnálc[ ^[ îonlch[ ^_m^_ i mÇ]ofi SQD [nÇ bid_+
<fÇg ^cmmi) i >ih]cfci ^_ Ol_hni [înio ^_`chcÅä_m ^_ ^cp_lm[m îonlc*
h[m _g ko_ [ l_ìlg [ ^[ cal_d[ _ î îag[ _l[ ^_ `[ni og[ l_[`clg[ÅÄi ^[
cal_d[ _ î îag[ ]ihìlg _ _mn[\_f_]cî j_fi ò]ihm_hmi ^_ ionlim ]ih]cfcim
_ îm j[cmô &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+ jl+ V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 351X'+ @mm[ l_[`clg[ÅÄi
_hpifpc[ jlch]cj[fg_hn_ i mcmn_g[ m[]l[g_hn[f dohni ]ig [faog[m ^_ mo[m
cgjfc][Åä_m îonlch[cm) ]ig i jola[nálci) n[hni ko[hni gocn[m ^_ mo[m cgjfc*
][Åä_m ^cm]cjfch[l_m) ]ig i i ^cpál]ci+ <m pc]cmmcno^_m î ]ih]cfci ó jl[a[)
ao_ll[ _ jifÖnc][ n[hni cgj_lc[f ko[hni _]f_mc|mnc][ ó ìl[g l_mjihm|p_cm jil
jlifiha[l [ ^cm]ommÄi _ [ll[mn[l [ jligofa[ÅÄi ^_mm_m ^_]l_nim jil og j_lÖ*
iî ^_ g[cm ^_ ^_t_mm_cm [him _) jil ]ihm_aochn_) j_f[ _gcmmÄi [ jl_mn[Åä_m
î ko_ ^_p_lc[ m_l og[ l_ìlgof[ÅÄi ohc`c][^[ ^[ nl[^cÅÄi ][náfc][*lig[h[
mi\l_ im m[]l[g_hnim7 i ^_]l_ni mi\l_ im m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim ìc _gcncî _g
0 ^_ g[lÅi ^_ .214 &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* . V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 351*53X') g[m im
[lncaim mi\l_ i g[nlcgâhci má ìl[g _gcncîm _g .. ^_ hip_g\li ^_ .230
&>Olc^+ /1+ >_]l* . V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 420*26X'+
< lin[ncpc^[^_ îm j[lnc]cj[hn_m _ îm jihnim ^_ pcmn[ nilhio cgjil*
n[hn_ [ c^_hnc`c][ÅÄi ^[ ]ih_rÄi ^_mm_m ^_]l_nim ]ig [ko_f_m ^[m jlcg_cl[m
m_mmä_m) ko_ `[tc[g l_`_lÑh]c[ [im m[]l[g_hnim &>Olc^+ 2+ >_]l* /+0) 3+ >_]l*
.+3 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 333) 340X'8 cmmi n[g\Çg nilh[p[ cgj_l[ncpi [`clg[l
[ ]ih_rÄi ]ig im ]ih]cfcim [hn_lcil_m) []cg[ ^_ noî ]ig i L o[lni >ih*
]cfci ^_ G[nlÄi) ^_ ./.2 &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /2.*2/') _ i >ih]cfci ^_ Afil_hÅ[) ^_
.106 &p_d[ pif+ /) j+ /63*66'+ Pg n_áfiai `l[h]cm][hi) [i ]ig_hn[l mi\l_
i ][n|fiai ^_ _llim jlin_mn[hn_m mi\l_ im m[]l[g_hnim ko_ ìl[ l_^cacî
j[l[ m_lpcl ^_ òh^[g_hni j[l[ [m ^cm]ommä_m &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .4+.+.214 V= N
27502*06X') l_f[nio i foa[l _g ko_ ][^[ og ^_f_m d| ìl[ ]ih^_h[î &>_h+
[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /-+ü+.214 U= N 27512*13X'+ < òmo]chn[ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi U\l_pÑmmcg[
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? C BL BLEJ? ©©© "$
ìlgof[vô mi\l_ ò[ p_l^[^_ îm m[]l[g_hnimô [în[^[ _g Afil_hÅ[ &>Afil+

V.105*12X >_]l*;lg* 2 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 21-*1.X' ^_`chcl[ ]igi hilg[ncpi
i l_mofn[î î ^_m_hpifpcg_hni g_^c_p[f ^[ îonlch[ îm m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim
&p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /2/*30'+ <koc _g Ol_hni) jiln[hni) ìc jimmÖp_f ]ih^_h[l [
îonlch[ m[]l[g_hn[f jlin_mn[hn_ òjilko_ _f[ d| ìl[ ]ih^_h[^[ hi >ih]cfci
^_ Afil_hÅ[ô &G[ch+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /-+.+.214 U= N 2752-X8 K[n[p+ [j+ >Olc^+
;]n* /1+.+.214 U= f%2752/X'+ J ko_ i >ih]cfci ^_ Afil_hÅ[ ^cmm_ mi\l_ im m[*
]l[g_hnim m_j[l[îm n[g\Çg ìc i òh^[g_hni j[l[ dofa[l im ^_mpcim) ko_l
h[ _o][lcmnc[ &>_h+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 1+{+.214 V>O27543*44v' ko_l hi ]ih]_cni
^_ og ][l|n_l m[]l[g_hn[f ]ih`_lcî) jil _r_gjfi) h[ ]ih`clg[ÅÄi jil og
\cmji &>lt+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /.+cc+.214 V>O27636*4-X'+ @g \il[ i ^_]l_ni î
L o[lni >ih]cfci ^_ G[nlÄi hÄi n_hb[ ^_cr[î i n_lg i ònl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄiô
cgoh_ [i ^_\[n_ _g Ol_hni) [ îonlch[ ^[ jl_m_hÅ[ l_[f n[g\Çg ]ih`_mm[
_g m_om ^_]l_nim ^cm]cjfch[l_m ìc jlcpcf_ac[^[ _ ]ihnchoio [mmcg &>Olc^+ .0+
>_]l* 3 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 363X8 H[r+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .-+cc+.214 V>4%276-3X'+
@mm_ [gjfi ]ihm_hmi mi\l_ i ]ihn_ãî _mm_h]c[f ^[ îonlch[ ][náfc][*li*
g[h[ îm m[]l[g_hnim f_pio og îm ]ijl_mc^_hn_m î ]ih]cfci) ][l^_[f >_lpchc)
[ moa_lcl ko_ h[ g[cilc[ îm m_n_m m[]l[g_hnim m_lc[ ^_mh_]_mm|lci og _rn_h*
mi ^_\[n_ &>_lp+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 3+pc+f214 V= N 3*.7.62X'8 i ]ih]cfci ó [jám
ò_r[gch[l j[f[pl[ jil j[f[pl[ im ]~hih_m mi\l_ [ îonlch[ î m[]l[g_hni ^[
_o][lcmnc[ hÄi má ko[hni [ m_o ]ihn_ãî) g[m n[g\Çg ko[hni [ mo[ ìlg [ô
&^_ g iî ko_ _f_m _mn[p[g [ail[ jl_j[l[îm j[l[ jo\fc][ÅÄi' &[j+ >Olc^+
;]n* 0.+Q+.214 V>4%3*f7f 33*34X' ó hÄi ^_pc[ òj_l^_l n_gji _r[gch[hî _
l_mifp_hî i ]ihn_ãî _ im ]~hih_m j[l[ niîm im m[]l[g_hnimô &>_lp+ ?j*
/.+Q+.214 V>O ..7/-1X'+ @g og[ m_mmÄi jimn_lcil) i [h`cnlcÄi î ]ih]cfci) i
][l^_[f \cmji ^_ Ol_hni &Q[o]b+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 5+{ü+.214 V> O 27.-.-*..X')
l_j_nco og[ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi [hn_lcil [i ^_]f[l[l mo[ òjl_`_lÑh]c[ jil [îl[l _mm_
m[]l[g_hni V^[ _o][lcmnc[X g[cm m[al[î) _g p_t ^_ ^cm]oncl [ l_mj_cni ^_f_ô
&H[^l+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /.+cr+.22. V>O4*D7.11X'+ Ac]io ]f[li him fihaim ^_\[n_m
ko_ n[hni [ ]lÖnc][ ^[ pcmÄi ][náfc][*lig[h[ îm m[]l[g_hnim jil p|lcim jli*
n_mn[hn_m ko[hni [i jfol[fcmgi hÄi l_mifpcî ^[m n_ilc[m _o][lÖm^][m g_^c_p[cm
jimn_lcil_m nilh[lc[ ch_pcn|p_f ò[ ^cm]ommÄi î [mmohniô g_mgi _hnl_ [ko_f_m
ohcîm h[ ^_`_m[ ^[ jl|nc][ ^_ ò[îl[lô _mm_m m[]l[g_hnim &>Olc^+ .0+ >_]l*
.+2 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 362*63X'+ I i _hn[hni) im ^_\[n_m) jil g[cm fihaim ko_
n_hb[g mcî) n[g\Çg ìlh_]_l[g [ ijilnohc^[^_) g[cm î ko_ `ct_l[g [m
^cm]ommä_m [hn_lcil_m &p_d[ j+ 011 []cg[') j[l[ i ]ih]cfci m_l f_g\l[î ^_ ko_
nchb[ cgjimni [ mc g_mgi i Cgcn_ ^_ ò]ih^_h[l [m b_l_mc[m) _ hÄi ^_ ^_]c^cl
[m ^cmjon[m _m]if|mnc][mô &Bo_l+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /. +cr+f 22. V34%4*.7.14X'8 i
/2. 2 567:>:FL? 52 @2AC:4D<2A:5256 5? 42CN<:4?#A?=2>?
ko_ nchb[ ^_ m_l ò^_`chcîô ) ^_ []ilî ]ig i \cmji Hommi) òhÄi V_l[gX [m
ijchcä_m _m]if|mnc][mô &Homm+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n 6+S+.22. V>O4*D7.56X') g[m i
_hmch[g_hni ^[ cal_d[+ ò<m ijchcä_m îm îonil_m ko_ _mnÄi h[ ]ihnlipÇlmc[
_hnl_ ][náfc]imô n_g ^_ m_l _rjl_mm[ fcpl_g_hn_ hi ]ih]cfci) g[m hÄi ^_`chc^[
]ig i îonlch[ ^[ cal_d[ &=l[a+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* ./+ccc+.22/ V>O4*D7122X'+
@g \il[ i ^_m_hpifpcg_hni bcmnálc]i ^[ îonlch[ îm m[]l[g_hnim n_hb[
ilca_g h[ ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi îm ^cp_lmim m[]l[g_hnim ó []cg[ ^_ noî i \[ncmgi)
[ _o][lcmnÖ[) [m m[hn[m il^_hm _ [ j_hcnÑh]c[ó j[l[ [ ^_`chcÅÄi ^_ òm[]l[g_h*
nim _g a_l[fô _ [ c^_hnc`c][ÅÄi ^_f_m ]ig i m_n_ _g hãg_li &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+
/25*3-') noî ^_ []ilî ]ig [ ^_`chcÅÄi a_l[f î ko_ nilh[ og m[]l[g_hni
[jlijlc[î) i >ih]cfci ^_ Ol_hni &p_d[ j+ /1/*11 []cg[' ìc i\lca[î j_fim
[n[ko_m) ]ig i i ^[ i\l[ I ][ncp_cli \[\cfàhci ^[ cal_d[( ^_ Gon_li) [ cl h[ ^cl_ÅÄi
ijimn[ &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .4+c+ .214 V= N 27505X'+ < jlcg_cl[ n[l_`[) jiln[hni) ìc
[ l_[`clg[ÅÄi ]ih]cfc[l î >ih]cfci ^_ Afil_hÅ[ mi\l_ im m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim+ <
^_]f[l[ÅÄi î ijih_hn_ ^_ Gon_li) <g\limci >[n[lchi) ^_ ko_ ni^[m [m j[m*
m[a_hm l_ohc^[m mi\l_ im m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim n[h^[m îm l_ìlg[îl_m ò^_pc[g
m_l ]ih^_h[^[m ]ig i b_l_a_m) og[ p_t ko_ _f[m _l[g ]ihnl|lc[m [i omi ^[
cal_d[ V][náfc][X lig[h[ô) ji^c[ m_l jl_g[nol[ ]ihìlg _ [jl_m_hn[^[ &<g\l+
>[nb+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n .3+cc+.214 V3O2.600X'8 g[m im nl_t_ ]~hih_m [în[îm
j_fi ]ih]cfci ^_jicm ^[ ^cm]ommÄi ^_f_m [hoh]c[p[g _mm_ ncji ^_ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi
&>Olc^+ ;]n* f+ccc+.214 V>4%27653*6.X') _g\il[ ]ig g[cm ]oc^[î î ko_ _l[
pcmÖp_f _g ìlgof[Åä_m [hn_lcil_m+ <mmcg) _f_m l_j_ncl[g i ]ihn_ãî _ [nÇ
g_mgi [ fchao[a_g î >_]l_ni mi\l_ im [lgÉhcim( _g Afil_hÅ[ &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l*
.+.+. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X') g[m n[g\Çg l_j_ncl[g ^[ g_mg[ ìlg[ îm
^_]l_nim [hn_lcil_m _g Ol_hni &>Olc^+ 3+ >_]l* .+4 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 340X' [i
[]l_m]_hn[l og[ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi [ ko[fko_l îonlch[ ^_ òmá `Çô _g ]ih_rÄi ]ig
[ al[Å[ îm m[]l[g_hnim &>Olc^+ 4+ >_[* .+.+.) .+.+2) .+.+5 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch)
j+ 351*52X'+ < ]ifi][ÅÄi ^[ îonlch[ îm òm[]l[g_hnim _g a_l[fô hi niji
^[ f_acmf[ÅÄi îonlch[c î ]ih]cfci mi\l_ i [mmohni ]b_aio [ og[ ]ih]fomÄi
jl_]cjcn[^[ ^[ g[cilc[ ^[m ko_mnä_m f_p[hn[^[m _g ^_\[n_m mo\m_ko_hn_m
mi\l_ i ][l|n_l m[]l[g_hn[f) _g\il[ hÄi i n_hb[ `_cni) _) ]ig i _l[ ^_ _mj_*
l[l) `[]cfcnio i ][gchbi j[l[ og[ òîonlch[ô [\l[ha_hn_ îm m[]l[g_hnim
ch^cpcô[cm &@mk+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .2+cc+.214 U= N 2760-X8 K_l+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n*
0-+pc+.23/ V>O5731-X'+
J jlcg_cli _hnl_ im _llim jlin_mn[hn_m ko_ m_lpco ^_ \[m_ j[l[ [m ^cm]om*
mä_m u=ihòÑ* ]ih`*;oa* .0 V=$=$[nb 007..-*..X' _) ^_jicm) j[l[ im ]~hih_m [în[*
îm _g 0 ^_ g[lÅi ^_ .214 ìc [ h_a[ÅÄi ^_ ko_ b[pc[g òm_n_ m[]l[g_hnim ^[
cal_d[) h_g g[cm h_g g_himô &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n .4+.+.214 V>4%27502X'+ @g \il[
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? C BL BLEJ? 777 '*'
biop_mm_ [laog_hnim hog_lifáac]im j[l[ i _hmch[g_hni ^[ cal_d[ &K[m]b+ [j+

>Olc^+ H ü. êºf+cc+.214 U= N 276//X' _ n[g\Çg og[ ^_n_lgch[^[ mcg_nlc[ _hnl_
im m_n_ j_][îm giln[cm io [m m_n_ pclno^_m _ im m_n_ m[]l[g_hnim &Nif+ [j+
>Olc^+ ; ]n* /3+.+.214 V>O27524X8 Hlnl+ [j+ = N ä^* ; ]n* 0+ü{+.214 V>O27.--/X')
n[hni i ^_m_hpifpcg_hni g_^c_p[f ko[hni im ^_\[n_m ^[ M_ìlg[ nilh[l[g [
ko_mnÄi ^[ chmncnocÅÄi îgchc][f ^_]cmcp[ &p_d[ j+ .-5*6) /10) 0/0*/1 []cg['+
Kicm ]ihìlg _ ]ig_hn[p[ i l_mogi ^[ ^cm]ommÄi) ìc h_]_mm|lci) ^_ og f[î)
]ih^_h[l [ []om[ÅÄi ^_ òko_ h_g niîm im m[]l[g_hnim ìl[g chmncnoÖîm
jil >lcmniô _) ^_ ionli f[î) [ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi ^_ òko_ [fai má Ç m[]l[g_hni m_
_mncp_l ]ihncî h[m @m]lcnol[mô &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /6+.+.214 V>O27534X'+ Lo[hî
og[ [p[fc[ÅÄi jl_]cm[ î ]lcnÇlci f_pio } ]ih]fomÄi ^_ ko_ [ l_`_lÑh]c[ him
_p[ha_fbim } ohÅÄi j_fim ît_ ^cm]Öjofim &H] 3+.0' hÄi ji^c[ m_l [jfc][^[
^cl_n[g_hn_ [i m[]l[g_hni ^[ _rnl_g[*ohÅÄi _ ko_) jil ]ihm_aochn_) [ ãhc][
l_`_lÑh]c[ h[ @m]lcnol[ ko_ m_ [jfc][p[ _l[ [ ^_ Oc[ai 2+.1).2) ko_ òm_ [domn[
gocni \_g } ^_`chcÅÄi ^_ m[]l[g_hniô) [ jlip[ ^[ chmncnocÅÄi îgchc][f
n_p_ ^_ pcl _g og [laog_hni [ jimn_lcilc ^_ m_om _`_cnim &M[p+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n*
/0+S+.22. V>O 4*.7/23X'+ >ihnl[ [ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi ^[ M_ìlg[ &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n*
.4+.+.214 V34%27505X' ^_ ko_ [ ohÅÄi _ [ ]ih`clg[ÅÄi ìl[g chmncnoÖ^[m j_fim
j[cm ^[ cal_d[ &<jif+ = ih`*;oa* .0+3 V<_e*) j+ /60X8 Gon+ =[n* \[\* UQ ; 37234*
4.X') niîm ]ih]il^[l[g ko_ òog[ p_t ko_ _f[m mÄi m[]l[g_hnim ^[ hip[ f_c)
^ct*m_ ko_ ìl[g chmncnoÖîm jil >lcmni jilko_ mÄi i [fc]_l]_ ^[ cal_d[ ko_
p_ci [ hám ^_ >lcmniô &Nif+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /4+.+.214 V>O27526X'+ Kiln[hni) i
jlcg_cli _ òh^[g_hn[f ]~hih_ mi\l_ im m[]l[g_hnim ^ctc[7 òN_ [faoÇg ^ct
ko_ im m[]l[g_hnim ^[ hip[ f_c hÄi ìl[g niîm chmncnoÖîm jil E_mom >lcmni)
himmi N_hbil) io ko_ _l[g g[cm io g_him ko_ m_n_ V+++X io ko_ [faog ^_m*
m_m m_n_ hÄi Ç p_l^[^_cl[ _ _mnlcn[g_hn_ og m[]l[g_hni) ko_ m_d[ [h|n_g[ô
&>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+.+. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 351X'+ C[pc[ og ò]ihm_hmi ]igog
Vmcgcf[lX h[ cal_d[ ][náfc][ô &>jl+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /.+cc+ .214 V>4%27636X' j[l[ i
_hmch[g_hni ^_ ko_ i \[ncmgi) [ ]ih`clg[ÅÄi _ [ il^_h[ÅÄi ]ih`_lc[g og
ò][l|n_lô ch^_fÇp_f &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+.+6 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X' _ hÄi nchb[
^_ m_l l_j_ncî &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+/+.. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 353v') \_g ]igi
j[l[ [ l_[`clg[ÅÄi î jlch]Öjci [hncîh[ncmn[ &p_d[ j+ .20*3- []cg[' ^_ ko_
_hko[hni og m[]l[g_hni p|fcî _rcac[ ^_ m_o gchcmnli [ chn_hÅÄi ^_ jl_j[l[l
og m[]l[g_hni ^[ cal_d[) i m[]l[g_hni hÄi ^_j_h^c[ ^[ ^cahc^[^_ gil[f î
gchcmnli &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+..*./ V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X'+
J \[ncmgi) h_mm[ _mnlonol[ î mcmn_g[ m[]l[g_hn[f) ìc i jlcg_cli [ l_]_\_l
m_o jlájlci ]ihdohni ^_ ]~hih_m) [n[][hî niîm ko_ ò^ct_g ko_ h[ cal_d[
V][náfc][X lig[h[ &[ gÄ_ _ [ g_mnl[ Vg[n_l _n g[acmnl~V ^_ ni^[m [m cal_d[m' hÄi b|
%(& ### 2 567:>:FL? 52 @2AC:4D<2A:5256 5? 42C?<:4?#A?=2>?
îonlch[ p_l^[^_cl[ l_`_l_hn_ [i m[]l[g_hni î \[ncmgiô &>Olc^+ 4+ >__l* .+/+0

V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X'+ J g[cm òh^[g_hn[f ^_mm_m ]~hih_m) hi _hn[hni) hÄi
ìc ^clcacî ]ihnl[ [ n_ifiac[ m[]l[g_hn[f ^_ Gon_li8 jicm) ^_ []ilî ]ig mo[
_f_p[^[ îonlch[ î \[ncmgi _ ^[ l_a_h_l[ÅÄi \[ncmg[f &p_d[ j+ /1/ []cg[') hÄi
g_him ko_ ^_ []ilî ]ig [ îonlch[ nlc^_hnch[) niîm ko_ _hmch[p[g ko_ òi
\[ncmgi Ç ij]cih[f) io m_d[) hÄi Ç h_]_mm|lci j[l[ [ m[fp[ÅÄiô io òko_ [ |ao[
p_l^[^_cl[ _ h[nol[f hÄi Ç h_]_mm|lc[ j[l[ i \[ncmgiô nchb[g ^_ m_l ]ih^_h[*
îm &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+/+2).+/+/ V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X'+ @mm[ _ ionl[m b_l_mc[m
]ih^_h[^[m him ]~hih_m) []cg[ ^_ niîm i l_jã^ci î \[ncmgi ch`[hncf &p_d[
j+ 051*60 [\[cri') molacl[g hi gipcg_hni [h[\[ncmn[ &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+/+./*
.1 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 353X') [i ko[f im ^_\[n_m hi ]ih]cfci má ^_l[g [n_hÅÄi
i][mcih[f &N_lcj+ [j+ = Nä}*; ]n* .6+cc+.214 V>O27630X'+ <m îonlch[m ^[m cal_*
d[m fon_l[h[m _ l_ìlg[^[m) [ ^_mj_cni ^[m i\d_Åä_m jlin_mn[hn_m &p_d[ j+ 0/0
[]cg[') _l[g i [fpi jl_n_h^cî j_fi [h|n_g[ ]ihnl[ [ jimcÅÄi ^_ ko_ òj_fi
\[ncmgi [ko_f_m ko_ mÄi \[nct[îm j[mm[g [ m_l ^_p_îl_m má ^[ `Ç) g[m hÄi
^[ i\m_lp~h]c[ ^[ f_c ^_ >lcmni chn_cl[ô &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+/+4 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch)
j+ 352X'+ < ^_mj_cni ^[m fcgcn[Åä_m g_niîfáac][m ko_ i ]ih]cfci cgjâm [ mc
g_mgi) og îm ^_\[n_m _hnl_ im îonil_m ^[ D^[^_ HÇ^c[ _h]ihnlio m_o
][gchbi him ]~hih_m &Oim+ <k+ M* N* 0+05 U?^* F_ih* ..705.*54X') _g j[ln_
jilko_ ìc l_pcpcî j_fim jlin_mn[hn_m7 [ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ i \[ncmgi ]lcmnÄi _ i
^_ EiÄi =[ncmn[) ko_ >[fpchi nilh[l[ ò_r[n[g_hn_ i g_mgiô &>[fp+ Chmn* V.203X
1 V=[lnb*Ic_m_f .7./6X'+ J ]ih]cfci) _g ijimcÅÄi [ _mm[ j_l]_jÅÄi) ^_]f[lio
[h|n_g[ [ c^_c[ ^_ òko_ i \[ncmgi ^_ EiÄi nchb[ [ g_mg[ ìlÅ[ î \[ncmgi
^_ >lcmniô &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l* .+/+. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 352X'+
Aic ko[m_ `lomnl[hn_ ko[hî i ]ih]cfci) ^_jicm ^_ nl_t_ ]~hih_m mi\l_ im
m[]l[g_hnim _ ko[nilt_ mi\l_ i \[ncmgi) [][\io jil jligofa[l nlÑm ]~hih_m
mi\l_ [ ]ih`clg[ÅÄi+ J m îcm jlcg_clim ^_mn_m ^_pin[îm } ^_`_m[ î ][l|n_l
m[]l[g_hn[f ^[ ]ih`clg[ÅÄi) d| [`clg[î hi ^_]l_ni mi\l_ im m[]l[g_hnim
_g a_l[f8 i n_l]_cli ^_pin[î } c^_hnc`c][ÅÄi î \cmji) _g p_t ^_ og òmcg*
jc_m m[]_lîn_ô) ]ig i òi gchcmnli omo[fô ^_mm_ m[]l[g_hni &>Olc^+ 4+ >_]l*
.+0+.*0 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 353X'+ Dmmi _mn[\_f_]_o og j[^lÄi ó îag|nc]i
^[ îonlch[ [gjfc`c][^[ j_f[ ^cm]cjfch[) [ ^_`_m[ ^[ ch]fomÄi h[ fcmn[ îm m_n_
m[]l[g_hnim m_ m_ao_ [i _m]f[l_]cg_hni ^[m ko_mnä_m f_p[hn[^[m j_f[ [^gchcm*
nl[ÅÄi _ [jfc][ÅÄi ó ko_ i ]ih]cfci n_p_ ^_ m_aocl _g mo[ ^_`chcÅÄi ^_ ][^[
og îm ionlim nlÑm m[]l[g_hnim7 [ _rnl_g[*ohÅÄi _g /2 ^_ hip_g\li ^_
.22. &>Olc^+ .1+ >_]l* / V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4.-*..)4.0X'8 [m m[hn[m il^_hm _g
.2 ^_ dofbi ^_ .230 &>Olc^+ /0+ >_]l* . V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 41/*11X'8 _ jio]i
[hn_m î [^c[g_hni î ]ih]cfci) i g[nlcgâhci _g .. ^_ hip_g\li ^_ .230
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? C BL BLEJ? 777 %('
&>Olc^+ /1+ >__l* . V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 420*26X'+ Lo[hî) hi chÖ]ci ^[m ^_fc\_*
l[Åä_m mi\l_ i g[nlcgihci) ìc moa_lcî j_fi dolcm]ihmofni ][háhc]i _ j_fi
\cmji N_\[mnc[hi Kcabchi ko_ ò[m jimcÅä_m îm fon_l[him ^_pc[g m_l jimn[m
mi\ [h|n_g[) g[m ni^[m [m ionl[m ko_mnä_m ìmm_g nl[n[^[m Vmi\ i nÖnofi ^_v
l_ìlg[ô &Kah+ [j+ = N ä ^ *; ]n* .6+cr+.214 V>O3*D714.X') _mm[ ìc og[ l_`f_rÄi
og n[hni mcgjf_m ^_g[cm ^_mm_ j[^lÄi) ko_ nchb[ jl_]_^_hn_ g_^c_p[f &p_d[
pif+ 0) j+ /3-*3.'+ @g \il[ i ]ih]cfci n_hb[ ^_]l_n[î og ]ihdohni m_j[l[î
^_ ^_t ò]~hih_m ]ih]_lh_hn_m } l_ìlg[ î g[nlcgihciô &>Olc^+ /1+ >_[*
.*=[h* V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 422*26X') n[g\Çg ch]iljilio _g m_om ]~hih_m
îonlch[cm) m_aohî og ]~hih_ ^_`chchî i g[nlcgâhci ]ig og m[]l[g_h*
ni &>Olc^+ /1+ > _[* .+. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 421X') iht_ ]~hih_m ^cm]cjfch[l_m
]ihmc^_l[hî [ jifca[gc[) im cgj_^cg_hnim ^_ ]ihm[haochc^[^_ _ [`chc^[^_)
i ^cpál]ci _ ko_mnä_m l_f[]cih[^[m &>Olc^+ /1+ > _[* .+/*./ V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+
421*22v'+ <mmcg) i ]ih]cfci) ]ig _`_cni) m_aoco [m l_]ig_h^[Åä_m ^_ Kcabchi+
<m òjimcÅä_m îm fon_l[himô }m ko[cm Kcabchi m_ l_`_lco _l[g jlch]cj[f*
g_hn_ [ko_f[m _g ko_ Gon_li h_a[l[ [ ^_`chcÅÄi m[]l[g_hn[f ^_ ][m[g_hni)
^_higch[hî*i òog [mmohni m_]of[l _rn_lhiô &Gon+ =[n* \[\* V Q; 3722-*2..8
Gon+ ?bm[]b* V.P; 0-*...7/-2X'8 =o]_l) jil _r_gjfi) nchb[ nl[hmìlg [î i
[mmohni _g l_mjihm[\cfc^[^_ î @mn[î omolj[^[ j_f[ cal_d[ ][náfc][*lig[h[
&=o]+ L_ah* =bl* /+.2 VNnl[m\iola .27.2/*20X'+ @l[mgi n[g\Çg ]cnio E_làhc*
gi _ <aimnchbi ]igi jlip[ ^_ ko_ i omi î Iipi O_mn[g_hni î n_lgi
òm[]l[g_hniô j[l[ i ][m[g_hni &@` 2+0/ VQofa+X') ]cn[î ]ig i n_rni*jlip[
hi >ih]cfci ^_ Afil]hÅ[ &>Afil+ V.105*12X > _[* ; lg * v<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+
22-X') hÄi nl[hmìlg[p[ h_]_mm[lc[g_hn_ i g[nlcgâhci _g m[]l[g_hni ^[
cal_d[ &@l[m+ Toh* Lf[m`* VUEü 67036X'+ N_lcj[hî) jl_j[l[î ]igi m_gjl_ ]ig
og[ j[mm[a_g ijimn[ ^_ <aimnchbi &<a+ H ojn* _n* ]ih]oj* .+/.+/0 U= M?F
1/7/03X') l_mjih^_o ko_ i g[nlcgâhci nchb[ ni^[m [m ko[fc`c][Åä_m j[l[ m_l
og m[]l[g_hni7 ò@f_ n_g [ j[f[pl[ V^_ ?_omX) n_g og _f_g_hni _ ]ih`_l_
al[Å[ } ko[f n_g m_g_fb[hÅ[ô &N_lcj+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* //+cr+.214 V>O3*DD7.15X'+
< [jfc][\cfc^[^_ î n_rni*jlip[ j[^lÄi j[l[ [ _rnl_g[*ohÅÄi &Oa 2+.1).2'
l_]_\_l[ ]lÖnc][ m_g_fb[hn_ jil j[ln_ îm jlin_mn[hn_m) g[m ìc [ail[ n[g\Çg
]ih`clg[î ko_ nchb[ [ [onilc^[^_ ^[ òjligofa[ÅÄi jil Oc[ai) i [jámnifi
_ clgÄi î N_hbilô &>Olc^+ .1+ >_[* /+. V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4.-X'+ K[l[ i
][l|n_l m[]l[g_hn[f ^[ il^_h[ÅÄi) ko_ [ ;jifiac[ ^[ =ih`cmm~i ^_ ;oam\ola
[]b[l[ cll_jl__hmÖp_f ]ihn[hni ko_ m_ l_`_lcmm_ [i ògchcmnÇlci ^[ j[f[pl[ô
u;jif* = ih`*;oa* .0+..*./ U<_e*( j+ /60*61X') ìl[ i òn_mn_gohbi ^[ @m]lcno*
l[) ^[ nl[^cÅÄi [jimnáfc][ _ i ]ihm_hmi oh~hcg_ îm j[cmô ko_ m_ ^_mn[]io
]ig i jlip[) ]ig [m j[f[pl[m ^_ K[ofi j[l[ Ocgán_i mi\l_ i òîg ^_ ?_om
/22 2 567:>:FL? 52 @2AC:4D<2A:5256 5? 42CN<:4?#A?=2>?
ko_ _mn| _g pi]Ñ g_^c[hn_ [ cgjimcÅÄi ^[m gchb[m gÄimô &/Og .+3 VQofa+X'
]ig i i fi]om ]f[mmc]om &>Olc^+ /0+ >_]l* .+0 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 41/X'+ Dmmi) jil
mo[ p_t) f_pio } l_[`clg[ÅÄi ^[ _mnlonol[ bc_l|lkoc][ ^[ cal_d[ _ ^[ [onilc^[*
^_ _jcm]ij[f ]ig i og[ òhÅÄi ^cmnchn[ &_g\il[ hÄi ]ig i og m[]l[g_hni
^cmnchni) i _jcm]ij[î m_hî [hn_m i jf_hi _r_l]Ö]ci î m[]_l^á]ci' &>Olc^+
/0+ >_]l* 1) =[h* 4 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 41/*11X'+ d| ko_ [ g[cilc[ ^[ f_acmf[ÅÄi
^[ l_ìlg[ î ]ih]cfci fc^[p[ ]ig im \cmjim _ m[]_lîn_m) [koc n[g\Çg i
j[^lÄi ^_ îonlch[ îag|nc][ ìc [gjfc[î j_f[ ^cm]cjfch[ i\nc^[+
J m[]l[g_hni ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ n_p_ og j[j_f mchaof[l him ^_\[n_m ^[
M_ìlg[+ >ihìlg _ i ]ih]cfci i\m_lpio hi jl_`|]ci ^_ m_o ^_]l_ni mi\l_
[ j_hcnÑh]c[ &>Olc^+ .1+ >_]l* f+jl+ V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4-0X') b[pc[ og òj[*
l_hn_m]i U]iah[nciW jlárcgiô _hnl_ [ j_hcnÑh]c[ _ [ domnc`c][ÅÄi ^_ g iî ko_
i ]ih]cfci ìl[ i\lca[î [ nl[n[l gocn[m ^[m ko_mnä_m ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ _g m_o
^_]l_ni [hn_lcil mi\l_ _mm[ îonlch[ &>Olc^+ 3+ >_]l* .1 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+
343*44X'+ @mm_ j[l_hn_m]i hÄi _l[ g_him pcmÖp_f h[m îonlch[m j_hcn_h]c[cm
îm l_ìlg[îl_m) im ko[cm ó jil ][om[ ^[ [\mifpcÅÄi m_l ò[ jlájlc[ pit î
_p[ha_fbiô %; jif =ih`* ;oa* 1+/4. U<_e*( j+ /.1X') _ m_l l_]_\c^[ j_f[ `Ç ó [
fca[l[g chncg[g_hn_ } domnc`c][ÅÄi j_f[ `Ç) g[m ko_) ]ihìlg _ i\m_lpio
@\_lb[l^ =cffc]e) ^_ >ifâhc[) n[g \Çg g[hc`_mn[l[g [g\cp[fÑh]c[ mi\l_ [
jimcÅÄi m[]l[g_hn[f ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ &=cff+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /3+S+.22. V>O4*G/36X8
p_d[ j+ /10 []cg['+ Eib[hh B lijj_l) ]if_a[ ^_ =cffc]e) _h`[nctio ko_ òh_g
ni^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ Ç og m[]l[g_hni) g[m má [ko_f[ ko_ m_ ]ih]foc _g [\mifpcÅÄiô
&Blij+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /2+r+ .22. V>4 4*D7/33X') [ ko[f i m[]_lîn_ jlihoh]c[p[
hÄi jil m_o jlájlci ^cl_cni) g[m j_f[ [onilc^[^_ ^_ >lcmni8 O[jj_l) _]i[hî
? ohm N]inom &p_d[ j+ .6/*61 []cg[') n[g\Çg c^_hnc`c]io [ [\mifpcÅÄi ]igi
i ]ihn_ãî _mm_h]c[f î m[]l[g_hni &O[j+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /.+S+.22. U= N
4*.7/15X'+ Kil cmmi) i ]ih]cfci) hi _m\iÅi ^_`chcncpi ^_ m_o ^_]l_ni) ^_higc*
hio [m j[f[pl[m î m[]_lîn_) ò_o i [\mifpiô &ko_ _l[g [i g_mgi n_gji
og [ni do^c]c[f) ^_ []ilî ]ig im ]~hih_m î ]ih]cfci V>Olc^+ .1+ =[h* 6
&<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4./'8 >[mnl+ B[_l* / &.24.7.-3'X' ò[ ìlg [ î m[]l[g_hni
^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ô hi m_h[î [lcmninÇfc]i ^[ j[f[pl[ òìlg[ô &>Olc^+ .1+ >_]l*
.+0 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4-1X'+
<mmcg) m_ [ [\mifpcÅÄi) ^_ []ilî ]ig i >ih]cfci ^_ Afil_hÅ[) ìmm_ [
òìlg[ô) òim [nim ^_ j_hcnÑh]c[ô &]ihnlcÅÄi) ]ih`cmmÄi _ m[ncm`[ÅÄi' _l[g
òjil [mmcg ^ct_l) [ g[nÇlc[ Uko[m_ g[n_lc[Xô &>Afil+ V.105*12X >_]l* ; lg *
V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 215X') ^_m^_ ko_ ][^[ m[]l[g_hni nchb[ ^_ n_l n[hni
ìlg[ ko[hni g[nÇlc[ &p_d[ pif+ 0) j+ /24'+ J _m\iÅi jl_fcgch[l î ^_]l_ni
nlc^_hnchi ^_higchio*im [j_h[m ^_ ò[ g[nÇlc[ô î m[]l[g_hni) g[m ^cp_l*
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? C BL BLEJ? SSS /23
mim j[lnc]cj[hn_m ^_`_h^_l[g [ l_mn[ol[ÅÄi ^[m _r[n[m j[f[pl[m î ]ih]cfci

[hn_lcil &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /-+*/.+cr +f22. V>O4*G0/5*0-X'+ Ciop_ [nÇ g_mgi
og n_áfiai ko_ i\d_nio [ ^_mcah[ÅÄi ò^_mm_m nlÑmô [nim ]ig i òj[ln_m ^[
j_hcnÑh]c[ ]ig i m[]l[g_hniô &K_l+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .0+rc+.22. V>O4*D70.2X'+
< ìlgof[ÅÄi jimcncp[) [în[^[ j_fi ]ih]cfci _g /2 ^_ hip_g\li ^_ .22.)
l_mn[olio [ _rjl_mmÄi òjil [mmcg ^ct_l) i [mmohniô) g[m n[g\Çg _gjl_aio
[ _rjl_mmÄi òj[ln_m ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ô j[l[ im nlÑm ò[nim î jlájlci j_hcn_hn_ô
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]~hih_m mi\l_ [ ]ihnlcÅÄi) hÄi fcîo ^_ ìlg[ [faog[ ]ig im [nlcnim) g[m)
_g mo[ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi îonlch[c jimcop[) ]b[gio i [nlcni ^_ òog îg ^_ ?_om _
og cgjofmi î @mjÖlcni N[hniô ko_ jl_j[l[p[ i j_][îl j[l[ []_cn[l [ al[Å[
i`_l_]c^[ hi m[]l[g_hni ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[8 hi _hn[hni) [ ]ihnlcÅÄi) m_g _mm_
m[]l[g_hni) hÄi f_p[p[ } domnc`c][ÅÄi &>Olc^+ .1+ >_]l* .+1 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+
4-2X'+ < m_aoh^[ ^[m j[ln_m ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[) [ ò]ih`cmmÄi m[]l[g_hn[f m_]l_n[ô ^_
niîm im j_][îm giln[cm [i m[]_lîn_ hÄi _l[ og[ g_l[ ònl[^cÅÄi bog[h[ô)
g[m og [mmohni ^[ òf_c ^cpch[ô ko_ _l[ i\m_lp[î h[ cal_d[ ^_m^_ m_o chÖ]ci
&>Olc^+ .1+ >_]l* .+2) =[h* 3*5 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4-2*4) 4./X'+
J ]ih]cfci) ko[hni } òm[ncm`[ÅÄiô j_hcn_h]c[f) i\m_lpio ko_) ò^_ ni^[m [m
j[ln_m ^[ j_hcnÑh]c[ô) _f[ _l[ ò[ g[cm [n[][^[ _g himm[ jlájlc[ Çji][ô &>Olc^+
.1+ >_]l* .+5 V<f\_lcai*E_^ch) j+ 4-5X' ]ig \[m_ hi `[ni ^_ ko_ _f[ ^_jl_]c[
[ m[^m`[ÅÄi j_fi j_][î l_[fct[^[ jil >lcmni &p_d[ j+ //2 []cg['+ Blijj_l)
ôl[hn_ i ^_\[n_ ]ih]cfc[l &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /1+S+.222 V= N 4*.7/31X') i\d_nio
[ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi ^_ og il[îl [hn_lcil ^_ ko_ h[ j_hcnÑh]c[ ò`[t_gim m[ncm`[ÅÄi
jil og[ i`_hm[ ]ihnl[ ?_om) jiln[hni jil ]ofj[) _ hÄi má jil johcÅÄiô8 [i
]ihnl|lci) chmcmnco Blijj_l) ò[ i`_hm[ `_cn[ [ ?_om Ç ch`chcn[ _ hÄi ji^_ m_l
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il[îl_m) j[l[ [\l[h^[l [ [j[l_hn_ ]ihnl[^cÅÄi _hnl_ [ m[ncm`[ÅÄi jliôtc^[
j_f[ j_hcnÑh]c[ _ [ m[ncm`[ÅÄi jliôtc^[ j_f[ _rjc[ÅÄi ^_ >lcmni) ^_m]l_p_l[g
[ jlcg_cl[ ]ig i og[ ìlg[ ^_ ò öj[lo]cjV[lgimX îm m_om V^_ >lcmniX mi`lc*
g _g imõ VMg 5+.4 &Qofa+'X _ ^_ n_l [ m[^m`[ÅÄi ^_f_ [jfc][^[ [ hám) ^_ giî
ko_ jimm[gim [i g_mgi n_gji m_l afilc`c][îm ]ig _f_ô &Bo]ll+ [j+ >Olc^+
;]n* 3+Sü+.22. v>O4*D7/64X8 Homm+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 6+rc+f22. VçO4*D70-2X'+ @
im ]~hih_m î ]ih]cfci) j[l[ [ g_mg[ `ch[fc^[^_) ]ih^_h[p[g i _hmchi ^_
ko_ [ òm[ncm`[ÅÄi Vj_hcn_h]c[fX j[l[ im j_][îm) hi ko_ ^ct l_mj_cni [ mo[
johcÅÄi n_gjil[f) hÄi Ç ^_ g[h_cl[ [faog[ _hnl_ao_ [ ?_om jil chn_lgÇ^ci
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/24 2 567:>:FL? 52 @2AC:4D<2A:5256 5? 42CN<:4?#A?=2>?
[m chôfa_h]c[m ]igi og ji^_l _gjl_a[î j_f[ cal_d[ òg_mgi him n_gjim

g[cm [hncaimô &[j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n .6+pc+.214 U= N 3*.7//1X') g[m []l_m]_hnio
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l_`f_rÄi } _o][lcmnc[) _ ôl[hn_ og al[h^_ j_lÖiî ^_ n_gji) ko_ | niîm
im ionlim m[]l[g_hnim dohnim+ < jlcg_cl[ ]igjcf[ÅÄi îm _llim îm jlin_m*
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ìl[g chmncnoÖîm h[ g_mg[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om+ @g \il[ [faohm m_hncmm_g ko_
_mm[ ^_]f[l[ÅÄi hÄi ^_pc[ m_l [nlc\oÖ^[ [ Gon_li) g[m [ UoÖhafci &O[\+ [j+
>Olc^+ ; ] n /1..214 V>O2752/X8 Blij+ F_s\* / V.2237/3.p*/3/lX') _l[ ]f[li
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_mj_]c[f _g pclno^_ ^_ m_o ]ihn_ãîô &>lt+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /. +cc+ .214 U= N
27636X'+ < _mj_]c`c][ÅÄi ^_mm_ ]ihn_ãî ìc [ ko_mnÄi g[cm cgjiln[hn_ hi
jlcg_cli _mn|aci îm ^_\[n_m ]ih]cfc[l_m) jicm [ g[cilc[ ^[m ionl[m ko_mnä_m
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[ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi) _ _g Ol_hni) cmmi j[mmio [ m_l i ì]i î ]ih]cfci ó [
nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi ]ig i og[ ìlg[ ^_ _rjl_mm[l i ]ihm_hmi îm mÇ]ofim ^_
ko_ i ]ilji _ i m[hao_ ^_ >lcmni &>ihm+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* .5+cc+.214 V>O27604X'
_mn[p[g jl_m_hn_m òp_l^[^_cl[ _ l_[fg_hn_ _g `[ni l_[fô &<\+ >lcm+ [j+ >Olc^+
; ]n* .3+Q+.214 U= N 3*..76X'+ J ]ih]cfci) ]ih^ct_hn_ ]ig i ^_m_di _rjl_mmi
[hn_m &p_d[j+ 026*3. []cg[') n[g\Çg n_hnio _g l_f[ÅÄi [ _mm[m ko_mnä_m _pcn[l
[ cgjl_mmÄi ^_ hipc^[^_ [i ò^_`_h^_l i m_hncî îm ]ih]cfcim [hn_lcil_mô
&Aim_+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ]n* /6+cr+.22. V3444*.7.35X') i ko_) h_mm_ ][mi) mcahc`c][p[
[]cg[ ^_ niîm i L o[lni >ih]cfci ^_ G[nlÄi &G_ih+ [j+ >Olc^ *; ] n* 4+{+.214
V3¶2.552X8 G__+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n 5+{P214 V>O27.-.-X'+
<m i\d_Åä_m } nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi ìl[g `_cn[m mi\ ^cp_lmim òh^[g_hnim
^cmnchnim &p_d[ j+ /3-*3. []cg['+ < j[lncl î omi j_fim l_ìlg[îl_m ^[ `l[m_
^_ <aimnchbi) ò>l_c[) _ pi]Ñ d| n_l| mcî [fcg_hn[îô &Qcmîg+ [j+ >Olc^+
; ]n* 6+{+.214 V>O27560X8 G_ih+ [j+ >Olc^+ ; ] n 4+{+.214 V>4%27556X' ó ]odi
m_hncî [onÑhnc]i n_p_ ^_ m_l ^_`_h^cî ]ihnl[ [ko_f_m ko_ [ om[p[g ]ig i
m_hncî ^_ òko_ <aimnchbi h_a[ i ]ig_l m[]l[g_hn[fô &>ihm+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n*
.5+cc+.214 V>O2761/X' ó `c]io _pc^_hn_ ko_) _hnl_ im _llim îm jlin_mn[hn_m
_hog_l[îm) òi ^_ UoÖhafci) @]if[gj|^ci _ îm m[]l[g_hn|lcimô) _l[ _hmch[l
0 NC?DGNJ?YXL B? GENCH? C BL BLEJ? 6-,9 '*-
òko_ h[ _o][lcmnc[ hÄi _mn[p[g ^_ `[ni Vjl_m_hn_mX i ]ilji _ i m[hao_ ^_ himmi

N_hbil E_mom >lcmniô &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 0{+.214 V>O27536X'+ <mmcg) i jihni ^[
i\d_ÅÄi ^_f_m } nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi hÄi _l[ [ n_ilc[ ^[ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi ]igi
n[f) g[m [ îonlch[ ^[ jl_m_hÅ[ l_[f+ J g_mgi _l[ p_l^[^_ j[l[ [m [mj_lmä_m
^_ >[fpchi mi\l_ i omi ^[m j[f[pl[m ^_ chmncnocÅÄi ]igi olh[ òg|ac][ô &>ihm)
[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .5+cc+.214 V3427610X8 p_d[ j+ /21 []cg['+ H[m _l[ h_]_mm|lci
[p[ff[l [ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi _g ]igj[l[ÅÄi ]ig [m n_ilc[m [fn_lh[ncp[m) ]igi
[ [hckocf[ÅÄi îm _f_g_hnim &Qcmîg+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 6+{+.214 V3 4 % 27566X'
io [ hiÅÄi îm m_aocîl_m ^_ Rs^c``_ ^[ òl_g[h_h]c[ô ^_f_m) ]ih^_h[^[ hi
>ih]cfci ^_ >ihmn[hÅ[ &G_ih+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 4+{+.214 V3427551X'+ òJ h^_ im
chcgcaim ^[ p_l^[^_ `c][g g[cm i`_h^cîmô h[ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi) i\m_lpio i
[onil ^_ og[ ^[m [jl_m_hn[Åä_m g[cm ]oc^[îm[m mi\l_ i [mmohni) òÇ i hipi
_) ]ig i ^ct_g) jiln_hnimi n_lg iô8 g[m [m g_mg[m i\d_Åä_m ji^c[g m_l
f_p[hn[^[m &_ _l[g' j[l[ n_lgim hÄi \Ö\fc]im ]igi òbigiiomcimô &>ihm+ [j+
>Olc^+ ;]n* .5+cc+.214 V3427611X8 K_l+ [j+ >Olc^ *; ]n* /3+cr+.22. V344*.7.30X8
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_r]_ÅÄi } ^_]f[l[ÅÄi jlijimn[ hi ]~hih_ ^_ ko_ òhimmim j[cm _ [ cal_d[
][náfc][ ohcp_lm[f ^_higch[g ^_ ìlg [ g[cm [jlijlc[^[ _mm[ go^[hÅ[ Vîm
_f_g_hnimX ^_ önl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄiõ ô &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 0+S+.22. V344*.7.45X'+
Kicm) []l_m]_hnio _f_) òhÄi _mn| \_g ]f[li koÄi [hncaim mÄi _mm_m himmim j[cm
ko_ om[p[g _mm_ n_lg i önl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄiõ h_g Ç ]_lni ko_ [ cal_d[ ][náfc][
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cal_d[ ^c`c]cfg_hn_ biop_ og V]ih]cfciX g[cm a_l[f _ ohcp_lm[fô ko_ i Lo[lni
>ih]cfci ^_ G[nlÄi &I[om+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /5+cr+.22. V344*..7.24X') [ch^[
[mmcg _f_ ]b_aio } ]ih]fomÄi ^_ ko_ [ [j[l_hn_ jl_mmÄi ^[ b_l_mc[) _ hÄi [
[^_ko[ÅÄi ch_l_hn_ î n_lgi) ìc l_mjihm|p_f j_f[ [îÅÄi î n_lg i ònl[h*
mo\mn[h]c[ÅÄiô j_fi ]ih]cfci &I[om+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 6+S+.22. V344*..7//4X'+
Pg ^_ m_om ]if_a[m moa_lco ko_ i n_lg i Ç g_h]cih[î) g[m ko_ òhÄi j[l_]_
m_l V_g mc g_mgiX og[ g[nÇlc[ ^_ `Çô [ ^_mj_cni ^_ m_o omi j_fim >ih]cfcim
^_ G[nlÄi _ ^_ Afil_hÅ[ &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* .6+cr+.22. V344*.7./2X'+ < fchao[a_g
`ch[f î ^_]l_ni ^_ .. ^_ iono\li ^_ .22. j[l_]_ n_l f_p[î _g ]ihn[ _mm_m
jli\f_g[m8 jicm [`clg[p[ [ ògo^[hÅ[ ^_ ni^[ [ mo\mn~h]c[ô î jÄi _ î pc*
hbi h[ mo\mn~h]c[ î ]ilji _ î m[hao_ ^_ >lcmni) []l_m]_hn[hî ko_ ò_mm[
go^[hÅ[ Ç ]ihp_hc_hn_ _ [jlijlc[^[g_hn_ ^_higch[^[ nl[hmo\mn[h]c[ÅÄi
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/01*04') _ ìc j[l[ i m[]lc`Ö]ci ko_ i ]ih]cfci m_ pifnio [ j[lncl ^_ mo[ ]ihmc*
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^_ ko[m_ iht_ [him _hnl_ im ^_]l_nim mi\l_ [m ô[m îonlch[m _o][lÖmnc][m'+
E| _g .214) N]lcj[hî _ ionlim nchb[g ]igjcf[î j_fi g_him ô[m mÇlc_m ^_
ò[lncaim îm b_l_a_m mi\l_ i m[]lc`Ö]ci ^[ gcmm[ô j[l[ m_lpcl ^_ \[m_ j[l[ [
^cm]ommÄi _ ^_`chcÅÄi ^_f_m &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /6+pcc+.214 V34%3*.70/.*/0X8 N_lcj+
[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* cp+.214 V= N 3*.70/0*/2X'+ >ihìlg_ [ ]ihnlipÇlmc[ [hn_lcil
^_crio ]f[li) ìc [ i\d_ÅÄi îm jlin_mn[hn_m ó hÄi g_him ko_ [ ^[ko_f_m
ko_ []_cn[p[g [ jl_m_hÅ[ l_[f ko_ îm ko_ [ h_a[p[g &p_d[ j+ /10) /32*33
[]cg[' ó ^_ ko_ ]b[g[l [ gcmm[ ^_ m[]lc`Ö]ci cll_g_^c[p_fg_hn_ ncl[p[ î
m[]lc`Ö]ci ^[ ]lot mo[ mchaof[lc^[^_ _ [nlc\oÖ[ }m i\l[m bog[h[m i ko_ má ìc
[f][hÅ[î j_f[ al[Å[ ^cpch[ _g >lcmni+ Jm j[cm î ]ih]cfci) [i l_ohcl _mm[ i\*
d_ÅÄi) ]ih]_hnl[l[g*m_ []cg[ ^_ noî h[ l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ i m[]lc`Ö]ci î >[fp|lci
_ i m[]lc`Ö]ci ^[ gcmm[+ J _m\iÅi î ^_]l_ni ^_ 0 ^_ d[h_cli ^_ .22/ om[p[ [
òfchao[a_g ^_mm_m îcm m[]lc`Ö]cim jilko_) _g\il[ [ pÖncg[ m[]lc`c]c[f Ubimnc[W
m_d[ ãhc][ _ [ g_mg[ V+++X) i g iî ^_ _rcmnÑh]c[ _ ^_ m_l i`_l_]cî Ç ^cmnchniô
&[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 0+.+.22/ V3O4*G414X'+ Pg _m\iÅi l_pcm[î ó _g l_mjimn[
} ]lÖnc][ _rjl_mm[ j_fi [l]_\cmji ^_ Bl[h[^[) g[m ]igj[lncfb[^[ jil ionlim
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>Olc^+ ;]n* 4+G.22/ V3)4%4*.7114X' ó ^_]f[l[p[7 ò< g_mg[ pÖncg[ m[]lc`c]c[f
î ]ilji _ m[hao_ ^_ >lcmni i`_l_]c^[ h[ gcmm[ ìc cgif[^[ h[ ]lot) i g_m*
gi ]il^_cli V^_ ?_omX _ hÄi ionli &Ei .+/6'8 Ç i ãhc]i >lcmni m[]lc`c][î _g
niî foa[l) _ _f_ Ç i ãhc]i _ i g_mgi mogi m[]_lîn_ j[l[ [g\im) _f_ ko_ Ç
pÖncg[ _ m[]_lîn_ [i g_mgi n_g jiô &[j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* /-+.+.22/ V34 4*.7145X8
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j[l[ momn_hn[l mo[m c^Çc[m j[lnc]of[l_m) _l[ ^c`Ö]cf ó _ n[g\Çg ^_mh_]_mm|lci
ó ^_`_h^_l i ][mi ^[ gcmm[ ]igi m[]lc`Ö]ci _g og[ \[m_ jol[g_hn_ \Ö\fc][
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?cihcmci) i [l_ij[acn[) jlip[p[g ko_ [ i`_ln[ î m[]lc`Ö]ci ^[ gcmm[ j[l[ i
g ilni p_ci ò^_ og[ nl[^cÅÄi [jimnáfc][ô &>ihm+ [j+ >Olc^+ ;]n* 6+pccc+f 214
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6+ü+.22/ V3444*.7116X'+ I_mm[ il^_g) i ò`[t_lô hÄi m_ l_`_lc[ [i ò]ig_lô io
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1-- ?B 56B27:?B @2A2 2 4?>C:>D:5256 2@?BC?<:42
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chn_lgÇ^ci ^_f[m+ Kiln[hni) ko[hî i Iipi O_mn[g_hni) ^_ []ilî ]ig i
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0 F GOP] NG? B ? ? IG? K Y? AAA 102
=i[ j[ln_ ^_mm[ n_ifiac[ ^_ ^_]l_nim) ko_ ji^c[ `[]cfg_hn_ m_l _rj[h^c^[
[ j[lncl ^_ ionl[m ìhn_m î mÇ]ofi SQDD) _l[ jio]i g[cm ko_ og[ nl[hmji*
mcÅÄi îm _hmch[g_hnim ^_ >[fpchi _ ^[m jlcg_cl[m a_l[Åä_m ^_ n_áfiaim
l_ìlg[îm j[l[ [ _mmÑh]c[ ^[ îag|nc][ jlin_mn[hn_ ilniîr[) ]ig m_o
]ihm_ko_hn_ [j[l[ni `cfimá`c]i) ^c`_lchî ^[ko_f[m a_l[Åä_m jlch]cj[fg_hn_
jil mo[ jl_]cmÄi mcmn_g|nc][) g[m hÄi j_f[ mo\mn~h]c[ ^_ mo[ îonlch[+ J ko_
]ifi]io i mÇ]ofi SQDD &_ mo[ [hn_]cj[ÅÄi hi mÇ]ofi SQD' } j[ln_ _l[ mo[
]ih]_hnl[ÅÄi h[ ò_r_]oÅÄi î ^_]l_niô) _g p_t ^_ hi jlájlci ò^_]l_niô+
=i[ j[ln_ î pi][\of|lci ^[ @m]lcnol[) g_mgi m_ chn_ljl_n[î ^_ ìlg[
jl_^_mnch[]cihcmn[) fc^[p[ _g jlcg_cl[ chmn~h]c[ ]ig ò[ _r_]oÅÄi î ^_]l_*
niô) _ hÄi ]ig i ò^_]l_niô ]ig i n[f7 _g\il[ ìmm_ f_aÖncgi _rnl[jif[l [nÇ
[ _r_]oÅÄi î ^_]l_ni &F_]e+ Mcmë* 0+. V.3.27/12X') im ^[îm î n_rni \Ö\fc]i
_l[g bcmnálc]im) hÄi g_n[`Ömc]im+ < =ih`cmm~i ^_ Q_mngchmn_l ^_pinio m_o n_l*
]_cli ][jÖnofi [i nájc]i) òJ ^_]l_ni _n_lhi ^_ ?_omô %Q_mn* =ih`* 0 VHåff_l)
j+ 216*20X') ]igi n[g\Çg `ct_l[g gocn[m ]ih`cmmä_m l_ìlg[^[m [hn_m ^_f[8
g[m m_o mÇncgi ][jÖnofi) ò< [fc[hÅ[ ^_ ?_om ]ig i big _g ô %Q_mn* =ih`* 4
VHåff_l) j+ 225*3-X') ofnl[j[mmio _mm[m ]ih`cmmä_m) jicm ò[koc j_f[ jlcg_cl[ p_t
og[ ]ih`cmmÄi nilh[ [ îonlch[ ^[ [fc[hÅ[) ^_ ìlg[ [onilcn[ncp[) i\lca[nálc[
j[l[ og[ cgjiln[hn_ cal_d[ô &N]bl_he V.6/0X) j+ 5/'+
@mm[ ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^_ Çji][ _ bcmnálc[) j[l[ im ][fpchcmn[m ilniîrim)
hÄi mcahc`c][p[ ko_ im ^_]l_nim _n_lhim ^_ ?_om _mn[p[g ^_ [faog giî
]ih^c]cih[îm jil ko[f nchb[ ^_ m_l [ l_mjimn[ bog[h[ _ bcmnálc][ [ _f_m
&C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 2+.. V.4--*.7.2.X'+ <faohm n_áfiaim fon_l[him) [ `cg ^_ _pcn[l
[ hiÅÄi ^_ og[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi [\mifon[ _ [l\cnl|lc[) _hmch[p[g ko_ òmigim
_f_cnim ]ig \[m_ _g V_rX himm[ `Ç ^cpch[g_hn_ jl_pcmn[) ko[hî _mn[ jil `cg
m_ [ji^_l[ î gÇlcni ^_ >lcmniô &Lo_h+ N_if* 0+/+/+1 V.4.2*..72/X' _ n[g\Çg
h[ l_jlip[ÅÄi òh^[g_hn[^[ h[ jl_m]cÑh]c[ ^_ ?_om ^[ ^_m]l_hÅ[ &>[fip+
; ln* `c^* 0+/+1. V.3517000*04X'8 [ ko_mnÄi n[g\Çg ^_mj_ln[p[ i pcpi chn_l_mm_
îm n_áfiaim ][náfc]im*lig[him &No[l+ Jl[_^* /+/0+1 VQcpÉm .710/X'+ Jm n_á*
fiaim l_ìlg[îm) ]igi im j_f[ac[him _ im [lgchc[him) ijom_l[g*m_ [ _mm[
_rjfc][ÅÄi7 [ `Ç _l[ i _`_cni ^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi) hÄi mo[ \[m_ io ][om[ _`c]c_hn_
&<g_m+ =ilih* .+3).+.- V.30/714)35*4.X8 F_]e+ Mcmn* 0+. V.3.27/13*16X8 C_c^+
=ilj* n_if* 2+1/ V.4--*.7.34X'8 jicm h_g g_mgi >lcmni _l[ [ ][om[ g_lcnálc[
^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi io i òh^[g_hni ko_ jl_]_^c[ [ _f_cÅÄi &Kif[h+ Mshn[a* 1+6
V.3.47/14X') g[m _f_ g_mgi _l[ òi _f_cniô %=ihm* b_fp* 2+.1 VIc_g_s_l) j+ 40.*
0/X'+ <ch^[ [mmcg) m_ i ^_]l_ni ^[ l_jlip[ÅÄi jl_j[l[î jil ?_om [hn_m ^[
bcmnálc[ bog[h[ _) jil ]ihm_aochn_) m_g ][om[) hÄi ìc _g mc g_mgi [ ][om[
î j_][î h[ bcmnálc[ bog[h[ _) jiln[hni) hi m_hncî _mnlcni &?[h+ B[_l*
('* & 5 ? 8 = 2 4 ? > 7 6 B B :? > 2 < 6 = D = 4 A :B C :2 > :B = ? 5 :E :5 :5 ?
V.25-7..1X8 Kif[h+ Mshn[a* 1+3 V.3.47/1.X8 C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 2+33 V.4--*.7.46X')
n[g\Çg hÄi _l[ [ ][om[ ^[ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi &Kif[h+ Mshn[a* 1+.- V.3.47/2/X')
_hnÄi _l[ h_]_mm|lci c^_hnc`c][l i j_][î bog[hi h[ bcmnilc[ ]igi [ ][om[
^[ ]ih^_h[ÅÄi h[ jl|nc][ &C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 2+26 V.4--*.7.41*42X') m_hÄi ^[
l_jlip[ÅÄi h[ n_ilÖ[ &=lh+ >i]n* ì_^* /+1+6 V.3557.2-X'+
Kil cmmi) [ g[cm ch_pcn|p_f ^[m ko_mnä_m f_p[hn[^[m j_f[ îonlch[ ][fpc*
hcmn[ ilniîr[ îm ^_]l_nim ó ko_l i ôjfi ^_]l_ni ^[ _f_cÅÄi _ l_jlip[ÅÄi
f_p[mm_ _g ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi [ ko_^[ ^_ <^Äi _ @p[ ko_l hÄi &>[fp+ Chmn* V.226X
/+./+2 V=[lnb*Ic_m_f 0711/*10X' ó nilhio _mm_h]c[f ko[fko_l ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^_
n_g ji _ bcmnálc[ j[l[ [ _rjfc][ÅÄi î ko_ [ l_jlip[ÅÄi cgjfc][p[+ C[pc[ ô[m
[fn_lh[ncp[m jlch]cj[cm hi nl[n[g_hni ^_mm[ ko_mnÄi) _g a_l[f c^_hnc`c][^[m
]ig i mojl[f[jm|lc[ _ ch`l[f[jm|lc[ &io mo\f[jm|lc['7 [ jlcg_cl[) ò_g l_f[ÅÄi
[i `cg) [ m[\_l) [ pc^[ _n_lh[ô hÄi nl[hmìlg[p[ [ ]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^[ ko_^[
_g og[ j[ln_ h_]_mm|lc[ î ^_]l_ni jilko_ ò[ ko_^[ hÄi _l[ og g_ci _g
^cl_ÅÄi [i `cg) g[m [hn_m og cgj_^cg_hniô _) j_fi g_him ^_ []ilî ]ig
[faohm mcmn_g[m) ò[ jlájlc[ ]lc[ÅÄi _ ko_^[ î big _g ìl[g jl_^_mnch[^[m
jil ?_omô8 [ m_aoh^[) d| ko_ i ^_]l_ni _hpifpc[ òl_^_hÅÄi _ l_a_h_l[ÅÄiô)
]ih]foÖ[*m_ ko_ òi ^_]l_ni ^_ _f_cÅÄi ch]foÖ[ h_]_mm[lc[g_hn_ ]ihm]cÑh]c[ _
]ihmc^_l[ÅÄi ^[ ko_^[ô &F_]e+ Mcmn* 0+. V.3.27/11X') ]ihìlg_ ]ifi]io Eib[hh
C_chlc]b C_c^_aa_l) ]ig \[m_ hcmmi [ l_^_hÅÄi) _g [faog m_hncî) _l[ og[
òl_mjimn[ô [i j_][î _ } ko_^[ &C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 2+01*02 V.4--*.7.3-*3.X'+
C_c^_aa_l ]b_aio [ nl[hmìlg[l [ ò_f_cÅÄiô _ [ ò[fc[hÅ[ Vcn_mn[g_hn[h!Xô
_g mchâhcgim &C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 2+/3 V.4--*.7.24X') dohn[hî im îcm ]ih]_cnim)
jil _r_gjfi) _g m_o _hmch[g_hni ^_ ko_ ò[ko_f_m ko_ j[lnc]cj[g ^_ `[ni
^[ [fc[hÅ[ Ul_l_ì_^_l[ncVô _l[g im ko_ m_lc[g jl_m_lp[îm j[l[ i `cg &C_c^+
=ilj* n_if* /1+. V.4--*..7044X'+ Jonlim n_áfiaim l_ìlg[îm) ]ig i Rcffc[g
<g_m) n[g\Çg ^cm]oncl[g [ chn_l*l_f[ÅÄi _hnl_ im îcm ]ih]_cnim &<g_m+
=ilih* 2+/ V.30/71-.X'+ <g_m n_hnio ^_cr[l ]f[li ko_ biop_ ò[j_h[m og [ni
^_ pihn[^_ jlijlc[g_hn_ _g ?_omô jilko_ _f_ Ç _n_lhi _) j i l _mm[ l[tÄi)
ò[j_h[m og ^_]l_ni mi\l_ i `cg _ im g_cimô8 hÄi i\mn[hn_) òm_aohî himm[
g[h_cl[ ^_ ]ih]_\_l) ?_om) h[ il^_g ^_ chn_hÅÄi) `_t [ pihn[^_ i `cg) [hn_m
î g_ci) _g\il[) h[ il^_g ^_ _r_]oÅÄi) _f_ kocm_mm_ i g_ci jlcg_cli [hn_m
^_ mo[ ^cl_ÅÄi j[l[ i `cgô &<g_m+ G[ll* .+/2 V.31/7.-2X'+ <mmcg) b[pc[ og[
mcg_nlc[ _hnl_ i ko_ ?_om ^_]l_n[l[ h[ _n_lhc^[^_ _ i ko_ ]ih`_lcl[ hi n_g*
ji &F_]e+ Mcmn* 0+. V.3.27/12X') ]ihìlg _ [ fchao[a_g î I ipi O_mn[g_hni
^_cr[ ]f[li &<l_n *; ]n* /714 V.26-7/1pX'+ < l_f[ÅÄi [g\Öao[ _hnl_ [ îonlch[
^[ jl_^_mnch[ÅÄi _ [ îonlch[ ^[ jlipc^Ñh]c[) ko_ ìl[ og jli\f_g[ j[l[
[ n_ifiac[ l_ìlg[^[ ^_m^_ [m ChmncnoÑ[m ^_ EiÄi >[fpchi &p_d[ j+ /52 []cg[')
0 F GOP] NG? B ? ? IG? K Y? 777 ('+
[ch^[ [mmcg) ^_g ihmnlio [ mcg_nlc[ &<l_n+ C D &=* 2*3 V.3.47/5*1-X'+ ? _ []ilî
]ig [faohm) i n_lg i òjlipc^Ñh]c[ô &C\ ..+1-' ji^c[ m_ l_`_lcl [ òog ^_]l_ni
_n_lhi ^_ ?_om mi\l_ noî ko_ nchb[ ^_ m_l hi ònoliô &Kif[h+ Mshn[a* 3+.
V.3.47000X'8 ionlim) [j_m[l ^_ l_]ihb_]_l_g ko_ b[pc[ domnc`c][ncp[ \Ö\fc][
j[l[ i omi &<n /+/0') ]ihmc^_l[p[g*hi òhÄi jl_]cmiô) jl_`_lchî l_m_lp[l
[ j[f[pl[ j[l[ òi jlájlci [ni ^_ ]ihm_lp[l _ ^clcaclô h[ bcmnálc[) hÄi j[l[ i
ò^_]l_ni VjlÇ*bcmnálc]i _ jlÇ*n_gjil[fX j[l[ ]ihm_lp[l _ aip_lh[l [m ]icm[mô
&F_]e+ Mcm%* .+4 V.3.27..1X'+ ? [ g_mg[ ìlg[) b| [faohm fcplim [][^Ñgc]im
^_ n_ifiac[ &p_d[ j+ /50 []cg[' ko_) m_aochî i jl_]_^_hn_ î =[n_]cmgi ^_
B_c^_f\_la u=[n* B_f^* 21 VIc_m_f) j+ .3/X') ìl[g [ll[hd[îm ^_ g[h_cl[ [
]ihmc^_l[l [ îonlch[ ^[ _f_cÅÄi ]igi j[ln_ ^_ mo[ ^cm]ommÄi ^[ _]f_mcifiac[
&<fmn+ N_if ][n* /+.. V.3.67046X'+
@mm_ g Çniî ^_ nl[n[l [ îonlch[ ^[ _f_cÅÄi _l[ ]ihmcmn_hn_ ]ig [ ò_m*
mÑh]c[ô ^[ n_ifiac[ ^[ [fc[hÅ[) d | hi `cg î mÇ]ofi SQD) Mi\_ln Miffi]e)
n_áfiai _m]i]Ñm) [`clgio7 òJ niî ^[ j[f[pl[ ^_ ?_om n_g ko_ p_l ]ig
[faog[ [fc[hÅ[) jicm ?_om má m_ ]igohc][ ]ig i big _g jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_
og [ [fc[hÅ[ô &Miff+ Pi]* _`* / V.264X'+ Eib[hh C_chlc]b <fmn_^ ó [i [laog_h*
n[l ko_ m_g [ îonlch[ ^[ [fc[hÅ[ òh_hbog ]ihn_rni ^[ m[al[^[ @m]lcnol[
ji^_ m_l _rjfc][^[ ^_ ìlg[ máfc^[) h_hbog[ îonlch[ ^[ n_ifiac[ ji^_ m_l
nl[n[^[ ^_ giî [jlijlc[î) h_hbog[ ]ihnlipÇlmc[ ji^_ m_l ^_]c^c^[ ^_
ìlg [ []ol[^[ô ó ][l[]n_lctio [ îonlch[ ]ig i i ò_m]iji î ][n_]cmgiô _
jlimm_aoco j[l[ l_p_l ni^[m [m ionl[m îonlch[m ^[ n_ifiac[ mcmn_g|nc][ } fot
î ][n_]cmgi &<fmn+ N_if ][n* .+/ V.3.67/5*/6X'+ Eib[hh_m =l[ohcom) [i ^[l [i
m_o fcpli i nÖnofi Æ îonlch[ ^[m [fc[hÄ[m io ! mcmn_g[ ^_ n_ifiac[ ^c^{nc][ _ ^_ l_òn[Ä~i)
nl[hmìlg io [ [fc[hÅ[ hi jlch]Öjci ila[hct[îl ^_ mo[ îag|^][ &=lh+ >i]n*
ì_^* 0+5+. V.3557/13X'+ ? _ []ilî ]ig [ch^[ ionli îag|nc]i l_ìlg[î) [
[fc[hÅ[ ò_l[ [ _mmÑh]c[ _ i ]_lh_ ^_ ni^[ [ m[al[^[ @m]lcnol[ô } ko[f) ]igi ò[
hilg [ _ [ ìlg[ô) noî ]ihncî h[ @m]lcnol[ nchb[ ^_ m_ l_`_lcl &C_c^+ =ilj*
n_if* 6+1*2 V.4--*.70-/X'+ @ [nÇ g_mgi og n_áfiai ko_ m_ l_]omio [ ^_pin[l
og ][jÖnofi _mj_]c[f } [fc[hÅ[ jil ]ihmc^_l[l i n_lg i ]igi g_n[`álc]i _ hÄi
]ih]il^[l ko_ ]ihmncnoÖ[ ò[faog ncji ^_ îonlch[ j_]ofc[l _ _mm_h]c[f h[ n_i*
fiac[ô) [ch^[ [mmcg) [`clg[l[ ko_ ò[ îonlch[ ko_ im n_áfiaim nl[hmìlg[l[g
_g og[ jl|nc][ ^_ nl[n[g _hni mi\ i nÖnofi ^_ ö[fc[hÅ[õ _mn| jlij[a[^[ jil
ni^[ [ îonlch[ ^[ i\l[ ^_ >lcmni _ n[g\Çg jil ni^[m [m îonlch[m ^[ himm[
domnc`c][ÅÄi _ m[hnc`c][ÅÄiô &F_]e+ Mcmn* 00+0 V.3.27/35X'+
< hiÅÄi ^_ [fc[hÅ[) jil ][om[ ^_ mo[ jli_gchÑh]c[ h[ fchao[a_g ^[ =Ö\fc[)
hÄi j_ln_h]c[) Ç ]f[li) [j_h[m } n_ifiac[ l_ìlg[^[7 Oig|m Nn[jf_nih) n_áfiai
^[ >ihnl[ll_ìlg[) omio [ hiÅÄi ^_ [fc[hÅ[ j[l[ jlip[l ko_ [m jlig_mm[m
0 / 4 óóó ? 5 ? 8 = 2 4 ? > 7 6 B B :? > 2 < 6 = D = 4 A :B C :2 > :B = ? 5 :E :5 :5 ?
^[ ò[hnca[ [fc[hÅ[ io n_mn[g_hniô hÄi _mn[p[g ]ih`ch[^[m ò}ko_f[ b_l[hÅ[

n_ll_h[ ^[ n_ll[ ^_ >[h[Äô &Nn[jf+ @iln* .+0 U? L F .307.3pX'8 _ <\l[b[g >[fip)
i pcailimi [hnc][fpchcmn[) [laog_hnio òh^[g_hn[î h[ c^_c[ ^_ [fc[hÅ[ ko_
hi <hncai O_mn[g_hni d| b[pc[ [ domnc`c][ÅÄi j_f[ `Ç &>[fip+ ; ln* `c^* 0+/+5
V.3517/33X') _g\il[ _f_ n_hb[ [n[][î [ òn_ifiac[ `_^_l[fô l_ìlg[^[ &>[fip+
; ln* `c^* 0+1+3 V.3517015*2/X'+ >ihnoî) ìc [koc ko_ [ c^_c[ ]ihm_aoco [ail[
m_l ^_ `[ni l_]ihb_]c^[+ <ìl[ m_o m_hncî m_]of[l io dolÖ^c]i) [ ^_`chcÅÄi
n_ifáac][) ]ig [ ko[f [ g[cilc[ îm n_áfiaim l_ìlg[îm ]ih]il^[p[) _l[7
òPg[ [fc[hÅ[ ^_ ?_om Ç og []ilî _hnl_ ?_om _ i big_g ]ig i jlijámcni
^_ [f][hÅ[l i moggog \iholl; &=lh+ >i]n*ì_^* 0+5+. V.3557/16X'8 io) ^_ ìlg[
g[cm [gjf[) òog j[]ni io []ilî ^_ ?_om ]ig i big _g jil g_ci î ko[f
i N_hbil) jil chn_lgÇ^ci î _gch_hn_ ^cl_cni ko_ n_g _ ^_ mo[ mchaof[l \ih*
^[^_) jlig_n_ pc^[ _n_lh[ mi\ ^_n_lgch[^[m ]ih^cÅä_m _ m_f[ i []ilî ]ig
^_n_lgch[îm mch[cm _) jil [mmcg ^ct_l) ]igjlig_n_*m_ ]ig _f_ô &C_c^+ =ilj*
n_if* 6+5 V.4--*.70-0X8 =o][h+ Chmn* //+. V.3-27//.X'+ @mm_m m_fim ^[ [fc[hÅ[ _l[g
im m[]l[g_hnim &Ol_f+ ?m]if* chmn* / V.3-3762X'+ H[m ?_om _ i big_g hÄi _l[g
cao[cm h[ [fc[hÅ[7 ?_om _mncjofio _ jlig_n_o [ m[fp[ÅÄi _ [ pc^[ _n_lh[ j[l[
i big_g) _hko[hni i big _g ò[no[ ]ig i m_aohî _mncjof[hn_ô _ ò_mncjof[
^_ hipiô [i m_ ]igjlig _n_l ]ig mo[ `Ç _g ?_om _ mo[ `c^_fc^[^_ } [fc[hÅ[
&C_c^+ =ilj* n_if* 6+.. V.4--*.70-1X'+
I i _hn[hni) b[pc[ gocni g_him ]ih]il^~h]c[ [ l_mj_cni î hãg_li _
hig_h]f[nol[ _r[nim ^[m mÇlc_m ^_ [fc[hÅ[m ko_ ?_om `_t ]ig [ l[Å[ bog[*
h[+ < =ih`cmm~i ^_ Q_mngchmn_l ^cmnchaoco ô[m ^_mm[m [fc[hÅ[m dohni ]ig og
mo\]ihdohni ^_ îcm _mn|acim h[ m_aoh^[ [fc[hÅ[7 ò[ [fc[hÅ[ ^_ i\l[m) h[ ko[f
ìc jlig_nc^[ pc^[ [ <^Äi _) h_f_) j[l[ mo[ jimn_lc^[^_) ]ig [ ]ih^cÅÄi ^[
i\_^cÑh]c[ j_l`_cn[ _ j_mmi[fô8 _ ò[ [fc[hÅ[ ^[ al[Å[ô _g >lcmni ko_ ò ìc
[^gchcmnl[^[ ^_ ìlg[ ^cmnchn[ hi n_gji ^[ f_c _ hi n_gji î _p[ha_fbiô+
<g[hî Kif[hi) _g mo[ p_lmÄi ^[m ô[m [fc[hÅ[m) []l_m]_hnio [ pcmÄi ^_ ko_
?_om òl_j_ncl[ [ [fc[hÅ[ V^_ i\l[mX ]ig i jipi ^_ Dml[_f jil chn_lgÇ^ci ^_
HicmÇmô &>i]]+ M* N* .2+1.+.1 V.33271/3X') _g\il[ [ [fc[hÅ[ ^[ al[Å[) h_mm_
g_ci n_gji) n_hb[ ]ig_Å[î ]ig [ jlig_mm[ î ò^_m]_h^_hn_ ^_f[ V^[
gofb_lXô &Bh 0+.2' j[l[ <^Äi _ @p[ ^_jicm ^[ ko_^[) [fc[hÅ[ _mm[ ko_) jil
mo[ p_t) ìc ^cpc^c^[ _hnl_ ò[ [hnca[ [fc[hÅ[ ^[ al[Å[ô [hn_m ^_ >lcmni _ ò[
hip[ [fc[hÅ[ ^[ al[Å[ô ^_jicm ^_ >lcmni &Kif[h+ Mdhn[a* 3+00 V.3.4712.*2/X'+
<ch^[ b[pc[ má ô[m [fc[hÅ[m) g[m _f[m m_ mi\l_johb[g ^_ g[h_cl[ [ moa_lcl
[ jimmc\cfc^[^_ ^_ b[p_l ^_ `[ni nlÑm [fc[hÅ[m+
@mm[ jimmc\cfc^[^_ p_ci [ m_l og[ l_[fc^[^_ h[ n_ifiac[ ^[ [fc[hÅ[ ^[
ò_m]if[ ^_ N[ogolô _ ^_ Hi%cm_ <gsl[on) ko_ ò^_p_ m_l ]ihmc^_l[^[ ]igi
0 F GO P] NG? B ? ? IG? K Y? 777! ('-
i ^cmjimcncpi [jlip_cn[î _ om[î jil V_f_mX V+++X j[l[ ]illcacl i ko_ ]ihmc^_*
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J \_lg [h) C ]cei <oaomnchom+ Nb_ B[lp_mn i ` G_^c_p[f Nb_ifias6 A[\lc_f <c_f [h^ F [n_ G_^c_p[f
Higch[fcmg* >[g\lcâ_) H[mm+) .630+
å ( G[mn_lm i ` nb_ L_ìlg[ncih6 Nb_ + cg_la_h]_ i ` [ H_q Chn_ff_]no[f=fcg[n_ ch ?olij_* Ol[ôtcî jil
? _hhcm H [lnch+ >[g\lcâ_) .65.+ < l_chn_ljl_n[ÅÄi î mÇ]ofi SQD } fot îm mÇ]ofim S DQ _
S Q Ç jlip[p_fg _hn_ [ n_h^_h]c[ g[cm cg jiln[hn_ h i _mnoî ]ihn_g jil~h_i ^[ M_ìlg[+
J tg _hn) Nn_p_h @ + fb _ ;a_ i ` L_ìlg( -.1,)-11,6 ; h Chn_ff_]no[f[h~ L_fcaciom Bcmnils i ` F[cn_
G_^c_p[f [h^ L_ìlg[ncih ?olij_* I _q C[p_h) .65-+ P g l_f[ni _kocfc\l[î _ [\l[ha_hn_
î j_lÖiî+
K[o]e) Rcfb_fg+ %.I[ncih[fcmg [h ^ @ olij_[h >blcmnc[hcns%ô+ Dh ?hpclihg_hn[f@[]nilmch =blcmnc[h
Bcmnils( _^cn[î j i l Ei b h O big [m H]I_cff) H [nnb_q Njche[ _ C [lif^ M+ Rcffioab\p) j+
/53*0-0+ >bc][ai) .606+
å ( Nb_ B_lcn[a_ i ` nb_ L_ìlg[ncih* N _^+ I _q Tile) .63.+
K_fce[h) E[limf[p+ @lig Fonb_l ni Ec_le_a[[l^6 ; Mno^s ch nb_ Bcmnils i ` Nb_ifias* N[chn Giocm) .62-+
Mcnm]bf) J nni + >iag_ha_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Jlin_mn[hncmgom6 Ahnh^f[a_h oh^ Alohâãa_ ^_l nb_ifiacm]b_h
A_^[he_h) oh^F_bl\cfôha ch ^_hjlin_mf[hncm]b_h Ecl]b_h* 0 pifm+ G_cjtca _ B inncha_h) .6-5*
/4+ J jlcg _cli [ m_l \_g *mo]_^cî _g f_p[l [ ^_`chcÅÄi ^[ òbcmnálc[ ^ i îag [ô [fÇg ^[
Çji][ ^[ M_ìlg [+
N]b[``) Kbcfcj+ Nb_ Bcmnils i ` nb_ =l__^m* Qifog_ . ^_ Nb_ =l__^m i ` =blcmn_hîg* 0 pifm+ I _q
Tile) .6.6+
N]binn_hfib_l) F [lf+ <c\fcial[jbc_ aol ^_onm]b_h A_m]bc]bn_ cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l Af[o\_hmmj[fnoha( -1-3)
-141* 3 pifm+ G_cjtca) .600*1-+
N]]\_la) M_chbif^+ F_bl\o]b ^_l >iag_ha_m]bc]bn_* 1ò ]^+ l_p+ 1 pifm+ =[m_f) .620*21+
Njcnt) G_qcm R Nb_ L_fcaciom L_h[cmm[h]_ i ` nb_ A_lg[h Bog[hcmnm* >[g\lcâ_) H[mm+) .630+
O big [mcom) B inn`lc_^+ > c_ >iag_ha_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Gcnn_f[fn_lm oh^ ^_l L_ìlg[ncihmX_cn* @lf[ha_h)
.543+
Olche[om) >b[lf_m+ Ch Iol Cg[a_ [h^ Fce_h_mm6 Bog[hcns [h^ >cghcns ch Cn[fc[h B og [hcmn Nbioabn*
/ pifm+ >bc][ai) .64-+
Oli_fnm]b) @ lh mn+ Nb_ Mi]c[f N_[]bcha i ` nb_ =blcmnc[h =bol]b_m* . pifm+ DhnliôÅÄi ^_ C + Mc]b[l^
I c_\obl+ Ol[ôtcî j i l J fcp_ Rsih+ I _q Tile) .63-+
Q[][hn) E_[h*Hc]b_f*<f`l_^) _n[f+) _^m+ >c]ncihh[cl_ ^_ nbÅifiac_ ][nbifcko_* .2 pifm+ K[lcm) .6-0*2-+
R[l`c_f^) =_hd[g ch =l_]e_hlcâ_+ =[fpch [h^ ;oaomnch_* Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .623+
.! " j fo l [ fcm g i ^ i o nl ch [ c h i `ch [ f ^ [ D ^ [ ^ _ H Ç ^ c[

=[fc]) >b[lf_m+ > _ ^_\cnij_]][nc ilcach[fcm ch < * Pclach_ G[lc[6 chp_mnca[fcih_m ^_ î]nlch[ ko[g n_hocn
Ci[hh_m > ohm M]inom* Mig_) .61.+
å ( Ci[hh_m > ohm M]inom _n bcmnilc[ Cgg[]of[n[_ =ih]_jncihcm* Mig_) .622+
ó + öO b _ Gc`_ [h^ Rilem i ` Ei b h ? o h m N]inomô+ Dh Dibh >ohm M]inom( -.21)-521( _^cn[î jil
Eibh F+ Ms[h _ = _lh[l^ch_ H+ =ih[hm_[) j+ . */4+ R [mbchanih) .632+ @mm[m i\l[m ^_ =[fc])
dohni ]ig mo[ _^cÅÄi ^[m p|lc[m p_lmä_m ^_ @ m]i ni ]g M_hn_hÄ[m) nl[hmìlg [l[g i _mnoî
^_ @ m] i ni _ î _m]incmg i) _g _mj_]c[f h[ îonlch[ ^[ al[Å[ _ ^_ H[lc[+
=_og_l) Eib[hh_m+ ò<oaomnchcmg om o h ^ O big cmg om ch ^_l nb_ifiacm]b_h Klchtcjc_hf_bl_
^_m <_ac^com M ig [homô+ M]bif[mnce 0/ &.624') j+ 21/*3-+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O *+-
=fiig`c_f^) H ilnih+ ñJc_lm Jfiqg[h [m [ @ioln__hnb =_hnols ;ji][fsjm_* I _q =lohmqc]e)

I+E+) .63.+
=ioqmg[) Rcffc[g E[g_m+ öO b _ Oqi A[]_m i ` Cog [hcmg 7 Nnic]cmg [h^ <oaomnchc[hcmg
ch M_h[cmm[h]_ O b i o a b n¬ + Dh Cnch_l[lcog cn[fc]og6 Nb_ Jli`cf_ i ` nb_ Cn[fc[h L_h[cmm[h]_ ch nb_
G cllil i ` Cnm ?olij_[h Nl[hmìlg[ncih( >_^c][n_^ ni J[of I me[l Elcmn_ff_l( _^cn[î j i l C_cei
< oaomnchom J \ ]lg [h ] O big [m <+ =l[^s) El+) j+ 0*3-+ G_c^_h) .642+
=o_m]b]l) B[\lc_f+ Nb_ ?o]b[lcmnc] N_[]bchai` Qcffc[g I]eb[g* N[chn =ih[p_hnol_) I+T+) .62-+
Pg[ ^_`_m[ ^[ ilniîrc[ _mm_h]c[f ^_ J ]eb[g+
=oll) ?[pc^+ òN]inom [h^ Ol[hmo\mn[hnc[ncih + G_^c[_p[f*Mno^c_m 01 &.64/') j+ 003*2-+
>[ff[_s) Al_^_a[h^+ òGõch`fo_h]_ _ n f[ ^c`òmcih ^_ n; l\ i l Pcn[_ ^ õG%\_lnch ^] >[m[f_ô+ L_po_
^ bcmnilc_ _]]fÅmc[mncko_ .4 &.6/.') j+ 200*13+
>[ffom) ? [hc_f <ha_fi Kbcfcj+ Nb_ =ih^_gh[ncih i ` Mn* fcilh[m [ n Irìl^* / ]^+ D*ihîh) .622+
>[j_ff_) =+ òG Ocrofn]nõ j[m][f) i_opl_ ^_ N[chn < g \licm_ + Dh Gcm]_ff[h_[ Acip[hhc G_l][f"( j+
/.6*13+ Mig_) .613+
>if[m[hnc) Bcip[hhc+ D Nm+ >oilc ^c B _mo _ ^c H[lc[ h_ff ; l\il Pcn[_ &.0-2' ^c Gc\_lnchi ^[
>[m[f_) J+ H chô+ Gcm]_ff[h_[ @l[h]_m][h[ 26 &.626') j+ 0-*36+
> ioln_h[s) Rcffc[g E+ òI ig ch[fcmg [h^ G[n_ H_^c_p[f O bioabn7 < =c\fcial[jbc][f @mm[sô+
Nb_ifiac][f Mno^c_m 00 &.64/') j+ 4.3*01+ P lh aoc[ j[l[ [ p[mn[ _ ^_m_hpifpc^[ fcn_l[nol_+
å ( ;^[g Qi^_\[g6 ; h Chnliô]ncih ni B cm O `_ [h^ Qlcncham* G_c^_h) .645+
? [g _l[o) Moîf`+ > c_ ;\_h^g[bfmf_\l_ ^_m Higch[fcmgom( chm\_mih^_l_ ^c_ ^_m A[\lc_f <c_f* Bc_m*
m_h) .630+
? _nnfi``) R_lh_l+ > c_ C ; g pih ^_l []]_jn[nci ^cpch[ \_cDib[hh_m > ohm M]inom g cn \_mih^_l_l<_lcc]e)
mc]bncaoha ^_l L_]\n`_lncaohamf_bl_* R_lf) .621+ J m _`_cnim î òpifohn[lcmg iô h[ min_lcifiac[+
?c Aih ri) G[ol_hncom+ òG[ H[lcifiac[ ^_ N+ =_lh[l^chi ^[ Nc_h[) J+A+H+ > ihp + Gcm]_ff[h_[
@l[h]_m][h[ ^ f &.614') j+ 0*.-/+
?ioaf[mm) @ + E[h _ ?_gjm_s7 Domnc`c][ncih ch F[n_ G_^c_p[f Jl_[]bcha6 ; Mno^s i ` Dibh A_cf_l i `
E_cm_l\_la* G_c^_h) .633+
@ ]e]lg [hh) Rcffcacm+ Qiln oh^ Qclefc]\e_cn6 > [m Mjl[]bp_lmn[h^hcm ch ^_l Nb_ifiac_ Al_ailm pih
Lcg chc oh^ m_ch Q_cn_hpcle_h ch ^_l ;oaomnch_lm]bof_* R ålt\ola) .645+
@blf_) Al[ht+ %? _ l F [g j ` og ^c_ G_bl] ^_m bc+ O big [m pih < koch ch ^ _h _lmn_h `åg`tca
E[bl_h h[]b m_ch_g O i^ + T_cnm]blc`n$ò l e[nbifcm]b_ Nb_ifiac_ 04 &.6.0') j+ /33*0.5+
@ g g _h) <kocfch+ òC _chlc]b p i h G[ha]hmn_ch oh^ ^c_ ? cmeommcih cc\_l ^c_ @gj`Ähahcm
H[lc_hm + Dh Nb_ifiac_ ch A_m]bc]bn_oh^ A_a_gp[ln6 @_mnm]blc`nGc]b[_fM]bg[om( j+ 3 / 2 2 - º+ Hohc]b)
.624+ < ]ih^cÅÄi [ch^[ ch^_`chc^[ ^[ îonlch[+
@ lhmn) R%cfb]fg+ A inf oh^ G_hm]b [g Pil[b_h^ ^_l L_ìlg[ncih6 <ch_ Ohn_lmo]boha "ol Gil[f)
jbcfimijbc] oh^ nb_ifiac_ \_c A[\lc_f Lc^* G_cjtca) .6//+
A[lnbcha) Eibh A *__+ òKimn Obig [g 7 cg[a_m i ` Nn+ O big [m <koch[m ch nb_ <][^_gc] Ob_ifias.
i ` B [\lc_f =c_fô+ ? cmm_ln[ÅÄi ^_ îonil[g _hni) ? oe_ Phcp_lmcns) .645+
A_]e_m) F[lf+ > c_ L_]\n`_lncaohamf_bl_ ^_m A[\lc_f< c^ oh^ cbl_ Mn_ffoha chh_lb[f\ ^_l higch[fcmncm]b_h
M]bof_* H åhmn_l) .6/2+
B _lim[) Kc_nli K[ifi+ Og[h_mcgi ]lcmnc[hi ^_f J_nl[l][6 ch`fo_ht[ [aimfchc[h[( [nnch_hX_ g_^c_p[f"*
Oolch) .633+ P g _mìlÅi ^[ ]lÖnc][ j[l[ ò m_]of[lct[lô i j_hm[g _hni ^_ K_nl[l]i+
B filc_or) K[f_g áh+ òG_m > i ll_]ni l_m + L_]b_l]b_m ^_ nb_ifiac_ [h]c_hh_ _n gÅ^cÅp[f_ .1 &.614') j+
/54*0-1+ J m nl[n[îm [hncnig cmn[ îm mÇ]ofim S DDD _ SDQ+
C [l[jch) O b + òJ jl_^_mnch[^ë Flcmnipid ji h[o]c =f+ Dp[h[ ? o h m N ein[ VJ h nb_ jl_^_m*
nch[ncih i ` >blcmn []]il^cha ni nb _ n_[]bcha i ` =f_mm_^ Ei b h ? ohm N]inomX+ =iff_]n[h_[
@l[hlcm][h[ Mf[pc][( j+ /34*0.-+ Nc\_hce) .602+
C_sh]e) Q[f_hm+ ò? _ l lc]bn_lfc]b_ > b[l[en]l ^_m = ommm[el[g _hnm h[]b Ei b [h h _m ? ohm
N]inomô+ @l[h`cme[hcm]b_ Mno^c_h 14 &.632') j+ 006*1.1+
(), ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 2 A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
Flcmn_ff_l) K[of J me[l+ <oaomnch_ [h^ nb _ @[lfs M_h[cmm[h]_ô+ L_pc_q i ` L_fcacih 5 &.611')
j+ 006*25+
G_``) B ilîh+ <l[^q[l^ch_ [h^ nb_ J_f[ac[hm6 ; Mno^s i ` B cm ñ>_ ][om[ ^_có [h^ Cnm Ijjih_hnm*
>[g\lcâ_) .624+
å ( Al_ails i ` Lcgchc6 Nl[^cncih [h^ Chhip[ncih ch @ioln__hnb =_hnols Nbioabn* I _q Tile) .63.+
D+]pc) Bcofci <oaomni+ K_hmc_li ]f|mmc]i _ j_hmc_li ]lcmnc[hi h_f öN_]l_nog õ_ h]ff[ öA[gcfc[lcõ
^_f K_nl[l][ + Æ n_Ö_ _ Lig[ 02 &.600') j+ 30*5/+
Gil_htch) K[m]b[f+ G[lcifiac[ f[]i\c [ P[l[ach_( I*J* Mig_) .62.+
H]>o_) d[g _m A+ ¡O b _ ? i]nlch_ i ` O l[hmo\mn[hnc[ncih `lig = _l_ha[l nblioab Ol_hn7 O b_
Kichn [ n Dmmo_ô+ B [lp[l^ Nb_ifiac][f L_pc_q 3. &.635') j+ 052*10-+ P g _r[g _ máfcî _ ãncf+
H ]B chh) =_lh[l^) _^+ Pcmcihm i ` nb_ ?h^6 ;ji][fsjnc] Nl[^cncihm ch nb_ Gc^^f_ ;a_m* I _q Tile)
.646+
H[afcih_) Mi]]i+ CC ]ih]_nni ^ c ]ihp_lmcihm _o][lcmnc][ ch ?ac^ci Lig[hi* = _h_p_hni) .61.+ J
jfol[fcmgi h[ n_ilc[ _o][lcmnc][+
H [hîhh_n) Kc_ll_+ G_f[ha_m Nbigcmn_m* K[lcm) .6/0+
H[hm_ffc) M[iof+ F [ ñF_]nol[ moj_l;ji][fcjmcgó ^ c Jc_nli ^ c Acip[hhc Ifcpc6 Lc]_l]b_mof _m][nifiacmgi
g_^ci_p[f_* Mig_) .622+
Hcha_m) K[lnb_hcom+ > c_ Ah[^_hf_bl_ ^_m > ohm M]inom [ o ` cbl_h [ha_\fc]b_h J_f[ac[hcmgom oh^ M_gc)
j_f[ac[hcmgoma_jlc`c* H åhmn_l) .6-3+ P g jlcg _cli _mìlÅi h[ l_chn_ljl_n[ÅÄi+
I if[h) Fc_l[h+ Nb_ Cggiln[fcns i ` nb_ Miof [h^ nb_ L_moll_]ncih i ` nb_ <i^s []]il^cha ni Acf_m i `
Lig_6; Bcmnilc][f Mno^s i ` [ -/nb =_hnols• Nb_ifiac][fJli\f_g* Mig_) .634+
J[ef_s) Al[h]cm+ I [nol[f G[q) nb _ =iljomGsmnc]og( [h^ > ihm_hn ch >ih]cfc[l O b i o a b n `lig
Eibh i ` K[lcm ni H [nnbc[m P aihcom + Mj_]ofog 23 &.65.') j+ 453*5.-+
J \_lg [h) C_cei <oaomnchom+ ;l]b\cmbij Nbig[m <l[^q[l^ch_6 ; @ioln__hnb =_hnols ;oaomnchc[h*
Pnl_]bn) .624+
ó + öA i o ln__h nb > _hnols M_fcaciom O bioabn7 < Kl_g [nol_ Kli`cf_ô+ Mj_]ofog 20 &.645') j+
5-*60+
Jt[_n[) EimÇ H[lÖ[+ F [ ohcÜh \cjimn{nc][ m_aäh ?ac^ci Lig[hi* @ f @m]ilc[f) .632+
J tg _hn) Nn_p_h @ + Bigi Mjclcno[fcm6 ; =igj[l[ncp_ Mno^s i ` nb_ ;hnblijifias i ` Dib[hh_m N[of_l(
D_[h A_lmih [h^ G [lnch Fonb_l %-1,5)-2&* G_c^_h) .636+
K[hh_h\_la) R if`b[ln+ > c_ Jl|^_mnch[ncihmf_bl_ ^_m > ohm Meinom cg Tom[gg_hb[ha^_l m]bif[mncm]b_h
F_bl_hnqc]efoha* B inncha_h) .621+
Mi_hm]b) Al_^_lc]e E[g _m+ ?[lfs Nbigcmnc] M]biif* ? o\oko_) Diq[) .631+
N]bq[gg) C _lg [hh+ >[mainnfc]b_ Pilb_hpcmm_h b_c >ohm Meinom oh^m_ch_h _lmn_h;hb^ha_lh* Dhhm*
\lo]e) .601+ @mj_]c[fg _hn_ p[filct[î j i l mo[ _rn_hm[ l_`_lÑh]c[ [ g [n_lc[f g [hom]lcni
îm jlcg il^cim ^ [ _m]if[ _m]incmn[+
N_^f|e) E[h+ N{\ilmeÅ nl[en{ns _o]b[lcmnc]eÅ VO[\ilcn_ _o]b[lcmnc] nl[]nmX+ = lhi) .6.5+
N__\_la) M_chbif^+ > c_ Nb_ifiac_ ^_mDib[hh_m > ohm M]inom6 ?ch_ îag_ha_m]bc]bnfc]b_ Ohn_lmo]boha*
G_cjtca) .6--+
Ng[ff_s) =_lsf+ òO b _ =c\f_ [h^ @n_lhcns7 Ei b h Rs]fc`Km ?cf_g g [ ó * Diolh[fi` nb_ Q[l\ola [h^
=ioln[of^ Chmncnon_m .4 &.631') j+ 40*56+
Nn_h_]e) I c]bif[m C + M{_h]_ [h^ =l_[ncih ch nb_ Gc^^f_ ;a_m6 B_hls i ` F[ha_hmn_ch %^* -/53& ih
A_h_mcm* I i nl_ ? [g _) Dh^+) .643+
Ol[jj) ?+ <oaomnchc[h O b_ifias i ` nb _ .1nb > _hnolsô+ Dh ;oaomnchc[h[( _^cn[î j i l A+ Minb
[h^ I+ O__oq_h) j+ .13*/41+ I _q Tile) .623+
Olche[om) >b[lf_m+ ö@ l[mg om) <oaomnch_) [h^ nb_ Iigch[fcmnm ô+ ;l]bcidccl L_ìlg[ncihma_m]bc]bn_
33 &.643') j+ 0*0/+
ó _ J \_lg [h) C _cei <oaomnchom) _^m+ Nb_ Jolmocn i ` Bifch_mm* G_c^_h) .641+
Ooggch_ffi) B+ ?cgg[]if[n[ ]ih]_lh_^íG [lc[ _nf[ m]oif[;aimnchc[h[ ^_fm_]ifi R CP * L ig _( .61/+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O SSS ()-
Qcah[or) K[of *Domnc`c][ncih _n jl_^_mnch[ncih [o R C P _ mcÇ]f_6 > ohm M]in( Jc_ll_ ^$;olcif_( =ocff[og_
^ I]][g( AlÅaicl_ ^_ Lcgchc* K[lcm) .601+
Uoa[d) H[lc[hom+ ò< mmog jnci =+ H+ Qclachcm ch ; l\il Pcn[_ =lo]c`cr[_D_mo &[+ .0-2' Al+ P\]lnchc
^_ >[m[fc) J +H chô+ Gcm]_ff[h_[ @l[h]_m][h[ 13 &.613') j+ ./1ó 23+
Uog e_ff_l) <îf[l+ ò? c_ <oaomnch_lm]bof_ ^_m H cnn_f[fn_lm + ;h[f_]n[;oaomnchc[h[.3 &.631')
j+ .34*/3/+
/ + P h [ ) m [ h n[ ) ] [ ná fc] [ _ [ j i m ná fc] [ ;
<hnih[ttc) B cip[hhc+ òG il_hti Q[ff[ _ f[ ? ih[tcih_ ^c > ihmn[hnchi h_f m_]ifi S Q + Lcpcmn[
^c mnilc[ ^_ff[ =bc_m[ ch Cn[fc[ 0 &.62-') j+ .6.*//2+
<lkocffcÉl_) C _hlc S[pc_l+ C Æ jfom [h^_h nl[cnÉ ^_ n?afcm_6D[]ko_m ^_ Pcn_l\_ ñ> _ l_acgch_ ]blcmnc[)
hi * K[lcm) .6/3+
=[lnim) Al[hncm_e Hc]b[f_e+ O n_l{g Ñ ~hhimn G * D[eio\e[ Mn`c\l[ VOb_ fcn_l[ls []ncpcns i `
H [mn_l E[eio\_e t_ Nncp\l[d+ Kl[ao_) .6/2+
å ( =_]bs p î\ÅBomipÅ V=ib_gc[ ch nb _ [a_ i ` CommX+ Kl[ao_) .614+
å ( J_nl =b_f~]e`( ô]biphÑ in__D_^hins \l[nlmeÅ VK_n_l >b_f]c]es) nb _ mjclcno[f `[nb_l i ` nb_
P hcn[m Al[nlog X) Kl[ao_) .625+
=_lhb_cg ) @ lh mn+ òKifcncm]b_ =_alc``_ ^_m Hcnn_f[fn_lm cg Gc]bn_ ^_l < hm]b[ooha_h <oaom*
nchm + >_onm]b_ T_cfm]blc`n`ã l A_m]bc]bnmqcmm_hm]b[`n 5 &.563'7 .*/0+
= _nnm) M_ach[f^ M i\_ln+ ?mm[sm ch ="_]b Bcmnils* G ihîh) .636+ P g ][jÖnofi _mj_]c[fg_hn_
ã^f &ª+ .0/*26'7 ò<m ch`fo_h]c[m chaf_m[m _ n]b_][m h i g ipcg _hni bommcn[ +
=osn[_ln) @fcacom+ ò>cl][ î]nlch[g ? ohm N]inc ^_ nl[^cncih_ _ n ^_ N]lcjnon[ [^hin[ncih_mô+
;hnihc[hog 1- &.632') j+ 013*3/+
>iha[l) Tp_m+ ò<mj_]nm _]]fÇmcifiacko_m ^_ f[ ko_l_ff_ _hnl_ g _h^c[hnm _n mÇ]ofc_lm ^[hm f[
m_]ih^_ g icnc] ô S fDD_ mcÉ]f_ _ n f_ ^ _\on ô SfQ_ + ;l]bcp_m ^bcmnicl_ î]nlÑh[f_ _n fcnnÅl[cl_
ô gks_h {a_ 03 &.63.') j+ 02*.2.+
Al[he) F [lf Nomi+ ò Qcn[ [jimnáfc][+ < hm|nt_ tol [jimnifcm]b_h G _\_hmìlg ch ^_l [fn_h
F cl]b_ô+ T_cnm]blc`n`ccl Ecl]b_ha_m]bc]bn_ 5/ &.64.') j+ .12*33+
Al[ht_h) <oaomn+ ò? [t Fihtcf ^_l @chb_cn+ @chcaoham\_g åboha_h o h ^ eihtcfc[l_ B_^[he_h
[ o ` ^_g F ihmn[ht_l F ihtcf+ ? c_ ? _el_n_ öC [_] m[h]n[ õ oh^ öAl_ko]hm+ Dh > [m Eihacf
pih Eihmn[h" <_cnl[a_ns] m_ch_l A_m]bc]bn_ oh^ Nb_ifiac_( _^cn[î j i l < oaomn Al[ht_h _ Rifà[ha
Håff_l) j+ 36*../+ Al_c\ola) .631+
B _q clnb) <f[h+ G[lmcfcom i ` J[ô[ [h^ G_^c_p[fJifcnc][fJbcfimijbs* I _q Tile) .62.+- ][jÖnofi
chncnof[î ò J jipi ^[ cal_d[ô &j+ /3-*0-/' Ç _mj_]c[fg _hn_ j_lnch_hn_+
B l[o_ln) C _lg [hh pih+ ò F ihl[^m pih H _a_h\_la > blihce o h ^ m_ch öKf[h]nom _]]f_mc[_ ch
B _lg [hc[g * h ô Bcmnilcm]b_mD[bl\o]b // &.6-.') j+ 30.*54+
B l[om) Al[hncm_e+ òO b _ >lcmcm i ` nb_ H c^^f_ <a_m [h^ nb _ C ommcn_mô+ Dh Nb_ L_ìlg[ncih ch
G_^c_p[fJ_lmj_]ncp_( _^cn[î j i l Nn_p_h @ + J tg ]hn) j+ 43*.-0+ >bc][ai) .64.+
B lÇaicl_) M_ach[f^+ <lohi ^_ M_ahc _rÅaÇn_ gÅ^cÅp[f _n nbÅifiac_h gih[mncko_* Njif_ni) .632+
C_cgj_f) C _lg [hh+ >c_nlc]b pih H c_g %][* -/0,)-0-4&* H åhmn_l) .60/+
C_h^lcr) N ]inn C+ ò Dh L o_mn i ` nb _ P_l[ ?]]f_mc[6 O b _ >lcm_m i ` G[n_ H_^c_p[f @]]f_mcifias +
Pc[nil 3 &.643') j+ 014*45+
C ijechm) d[mj_l+ ; =ih^m_ Chnliô]ncih ni nb_ Jbcfimijbs i ` Hc]bif[m i ` =om[* H chh_[jifcm) .645+
Colf_s) H+ ò öN]lcjnol[ Nif[ õ7 Rs]fc`` [h^ C cm > lcnc]mô+ Nl[^cnci .3 &.63-') j+ /42*02/+
E[]i\) @ + A+ ?mm[sm ch nb_ =ih]cfc[l ?ji]b* 0[ _^+ I i nl_ ? [g _) Dh^+) .630+
Eiol^[ch) >b[lf_m H [lc_ B[\lc_f+ Oh iopl[a_ chÅ^cn ^_ AcfÑ_m ^_ Lig_ _h `[p_ol ^_ f[ J[j[onÅ*
K[lcm).525+
F[fcpi^[) M i\ _ln _ Fif_mhse) <+ >[m bommcncm]b_ >_he_h cg Fc]bn_ m_ch_lKo_ff_h* =_lfch) .636+
(*$ ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 2 A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
F[gchmes) Ciq[l^) _ n [f+ òH [mn_l I c]bif[m i ` ? l_m^_h7 O b _ J f^ > ifil [h^ nb_ I_q+ N_*
f_]n_^ Rilem > ihnl[moha nb _ Klcgcncp_ >bol]b [h^ nb_ M ig [h > bol]bô+ Nl[hm[]ncihm i `
nb_ ;g_lc][h Jbcfimijbc][fMi]c_ns( h+m+ 22) j n+ . &.632') j+ 0*60+
F [hniliq c]t) @ lh mn C [lnqca+ Nb_ E cham Nqi <i^c_m6 ; Mno^s ch G_^c[_p[f Jifcnc][f Nb_ifias
Klch]_nih) .624+
F _lh) Alcnt+ Bog[h[ =cpcfcn[m6 Mn[[n( Ecl]b_ oh^ Eofnol* G _cjtca .6.0+
Fl[g_l) R_lh_l+ Eihm_hm oh^ L_]_jncih6 P_l`[mmohamjlchscjc_h ^_l Ecl]b_ cg ?[mc_l Eihsc+c[lcmgom*
H åhmn_l) .65-+
Fl]bÜ|e) <fismcom+ > _ gn[ _f ij_lcbom fi[hhcm ^_ L[aomci* Mig_) .63-+
å ( =_]\ipÅ h[ \[mcf_dmeÅg mhÅgo VOb_ >t_]bm [n nb_ >ioh]cf i ` =[m_f'+ Mig_) .634+
F lij[nm]b_e) Alc_^lc]b+ > [m M]blc`njlchsdj ^_l fonb_lcm]b_h Ecl]b_* Qifog _ .7 > c_ Pila_m]bc]bn_6
> [m ?l\_ ^_m Gcnn_f[fn_lm* G _cjtca .6-1+
Fs\[f) Qf[mncgcf+ G * D[h B om6 ^cpin [ o]_hf VH[mn_l Ei b h C om 7 fc`_ [h^ n_[]bcham'+ / pifm+
Kl[ao_) .6/0*/3+ J pifog _ / &_g ô[m j[ln_m' Ç i l_mog i ^cmjihÖp_f g[cm ]ig jf_ni ^[
n_ifiac[ ^_ Comm+
G[g\_ln) H [f]ifg ? [pc^+ @l[h{m][h Jip_lns6 Nb_ >i]nlch_ i ` nb_ ;\mifon_ Jip_lns i ` =blcmn [h^
nb_ ;jimnf_m ch nb_ @l[h]cm][h Il^_l( -.-,)-/./* G ihîh) .63.+ @ mm_ _mnoî) [i ]ihnl|lci ^]
gocn[m ionl[m i\l[m g i^_lh[m) f_p[ [ mÇlci [ ko_mnÄi îonlch[c h i g ipcg _hni `l[h]cm][hi+
G[jj[l_hn) K+ ^_+ ò G[ ko_mncih ^ o ]ig g _hn[cl_ mol f[ =off_ OEh[g m [ h ] n [ g + ;l]bcp_m
^bcmnilc_ î]nlÑh[f_ _n fcnnÅl[cl_ ôG#s_h){a_ .0 &.61-*1/') j+ ./.*2.+
G_]f_l]k) &n[ h * D_[h ^_ J[lcm _n f_]]fÅmcifiac_ ^ o R CCC_ mcÅ]f_* K[lcm) .61/+
H[]_e) E[h+ N{\il pbomcfmeÅg l_pifo_hng êìì(%VO[\il ch nb_ C ommcn_ l_pifoncih[ls gip_g _hn'+
/[ _^+ Kl[ao_) .622*23+
H]A[lf[h_) F+ = *Dibh Qs]fc``_ [h^ nb_ <_achhcham i ` ?hafcmb Hih]ihìlgcns* G ihîh) .62/+
H ]B chh) = _lh[l^+ ò<ha_f Kij_ [h^ K[j[f < hnc]blcmn + =bol]b Bcmnils 14 &.645') j+ .22*40+
H ]B l[^_) < lnb o l N+ Nb_ Jifcnc][f Nbioabn i ` Qcffc[g i ` I]eb[g6 J_lmih[f [h^ Chmncnoncih[f Jlch)
lcjc_m* >[g\lcâ_) .641+
H ih[b[h) < lnb o l K+ Dibh i ` J[lcm ih Lis[f [h^ J[j[f Jiq_l* I _q Tile) .641+
Hill[ff) Ei b h =lcgs[l^+ A_lmih [h^ nb_ Al_[n M]bcmg* H[h]b_mn_l) .63-+
Hillcmm_s) O big [m @+ ò Al[h]cm]om U[\[l_ff[ &.03-*.1.4'7 K[j[]s) >igg ohcns) [h^ Gcgcn[*
ncihm oj i h < onbilcnsô+ Dh L_ìlg [h^ ;onbilcns ch nb_ G_^c_p[f[h^ L_ìlg[ncih =bol]b( _^cn[î
j i l B os Acn]b Gsnf_) j+ 04*21+ R [mbchanih) .65.+
J[ef_s) Al[h]cm+ Nb_ Jifcnc][fNbioabni ` Jc_ll_ ^; cffs6 Nb_ Pifohn[lcmn Nl[^cncih* I _q C[p_h) .631+
J \]lg [h) C]cei <oaomnchom+ @il_lohh_lm i ` nb_ L_ìlg[ncih6 Nb_ Mb[j_ i ` N[n_ G_^c_p[f Nbioabn
Cffomnl[n_^ \s E_s >i]og_hnm* I _q Tile) .633+
K[][on) H[l]_f+ N [ nbÅi]l[nc] -.Åafcm_ _f f_jiopicl [o gid_h }a_* K[lcm) .624+
K[m]i_) G+ <*D_[h A_lmih6 Jlch]cjf_m i ` =bol]b L_ìlg* G_c^_h) .64/+
Kiof_n) A+ F [ j[opl_nÅ _n f_mj[opl_m ^[hm C i_opl_ ^_ A_lmih* K[lcm) .630+
Kl_omm) C [hm+ > c_ Pilmn_ffoha_h pig ;hnc]blcmn cg mj[n]l_h Gcnn_f[fn_l( \_c Fonb_l oh^ ch ^_l eih`_m)
mcih_ff_h Jif_gce* G _cj tca .6-3+
M[ob) C + ?+ > [m < cf^ ^_m ;hnc]blcmnm cg Gcnn_f[fn_l6 Pih Ns]ihcom sog ^_onm]b_h Msg\ifcmgom*
H åhmn_l) .64/+
McpcÉl_) E_[h+ F_jli\f_gm ^_ C Åafcm_ _n ^_ f Ån[n [o n_gjm ^_ Jbcfcjj_ f_ <_f6 ?fo^_ ^_ nbÉifiac_jimcncp_*
Giop[ch [h^ K[lcm) .6/3+
ó + òP h_ jl_g c_l_ öN i g g _ % ô jiopicl jihnc`c][f7 G_ K[j_ ]b_t <oaomnch ^ õ< h]ih_ô+ L_po_
^_m m]c_h]_m l_fcac_om_m .5 &.605') j+ .16*50+
N]bift) Mc]b[l^+ > c_ Jo\fcscmnce so lT _cn Jbcfcjjm ^_m M]b^h_h oh^ <ihc`[s P CCC* Nnonna[ln) .6-0+
å ( Oh\_e[hhn_ ecl]b_hjifcncm]b_ Mnl_cnm]blc`n_h [om ^_lT _cn Fo^qcam ^_m <[s_lh %-/.3)-/10&6 ;h[fsm_h*
Mig_) .6..+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O SSS ( * %
N]båmmf_l) C _lg [hh+ > _l Jlcg[n ^_l b_cfca_h M]blc`c [cm nb_ifiacm]b_m oh^ e[hihcmncm]b_m Jli\f_g cg
Mj|ngcnn_f[fn_l* R c_m\[^_h) .644+
Ncagoh^) K[of @ + Hc]bif[m i ` =om[ [h^ G_^c_p[f Jifcnc][f Nbioabn* >[g\lcâ_) H[mm+) .630+
Njche[) H[nnb_q+ ò K_n_l >b_f]c]es) nb _ Njclcno[f A[nb_l i ` nb _ P hcn[m A l[nlog + =bol]b
Bcmnils ./ &.610') j+ /4.*6.+
ï *Dibh B om$ =ih]_jn i ` nb_ =bol]b* Klch]_nih) .633+
ó ) _^+ ;^pi][n_m i ` L_ìlg6 @lig Qs]fc` ni@*l[mgom* Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .625+
Njcnt_l) G_i+ =f[mmc][f [h^ =blcmnc[h C^_[m i ` Qilf^ B[lgihs6 Jlif_aig_h[ ni [h Chn_ljl_n[ncih i `
nb_ Qil^ñMncggoha $* =[fncgil_) .630+
Nnc]ef_l) < fìhm H+ ò K[j[f Dh`[ffc\cfcnsó [ O bcln__hnb*> _hnols Dhp_hncih + =[nbifc] Bcmnilc][f
L_pc_q 3- &.641') j+ 1/4*1.+
Nncha_l) > b[lf_m G+ Bog[hcmg [h^ nb_ =bol]b @[nb_lm6 ;g\liaci Nl[p_lm[lc %-/42)-0/5& [h^
=blcmnc[h ; hnckocns ch nb_ Cn[fc[h L_h[cmm[h]_* <f\[hs) .644+
Oc_lh_s) =lc[h+ @ioh^[ncihm i ` nb_ =ih]cfc[l Nb_ils6 Nb_ =ihnlc\oncih i ` nb_ G_^c_p[f =[hihcmnm`lig
Al[nc[h ni nb_ Al_[n M]bcmg* >[g\lcâ_) .622+
å ( Ilcachm i ` J[j[f Ch`[ffc\cfcns6 --1,)-/1,* G_c^_h) .64/+
P ffg [hh) R[fn_l+ Ilcachm i ` nb_ Al_[n M]bcmg* G ihîh) .616+
Q iiabn) K[of ^_+ òG _ ]ih]cfc[lcmg_ [or ]ih]cf_m ^_ > ihmn[h]_ _ n ^_ =[f_ + Dh F _ ]ih]cf_ _f f_m
]ih]cf_m( _^cn[î j i l = _lh[l^ = inn_) j+ .10*5.+ K[lcm) .63-+
å ( ObÅlÅmc_ ^_D_[h Bom* Giop[ch) .63-+
å ( `[]i\_ffom ^_ Mnlc\li % ` -0.5&( jl_gc_l nbÅifiac_h ô bommcncmg_* Giop[ch) .64/+
R [nnm) K[ofch_ Hi``[nn+ Hc]if[om =om[hom6 ; @c`n__hnb)=_hnols Pcmcih i ` G[h* G_c^_h) .65/+
R _chmn_ch) ? ih[f^+ M[pih[lif[ [h^ @fil_h]_6 Jlijb_]s [h^ J[nlcincmg ch nb_ L_h[cmm[h]_* Klch]_nih)
.64-+
Rcfem) Hc]b[_f E+ Nb_ Jli\f_g i ` Mip_l_cahns ch nb_ CX[n_l Gc^^f_ ;a_m6 Nb_ J[j[f Gih[l]bs qcnb
;oaomnchom Nlcogjbom [h^ nb_ Jo\fc]cmnm* >[g\lcâ_) .630+
S c\_ln[ s Miko_n[) = [lnifig Ç H[lc[+ Aoco N_ll_h[( ][lg_fcn[ ^_ J_ljchs|* =[l]_fih[) .60/+
U _g [h) E[lif^ F hir+ Nb_ Bommcn_ Gip_g_hn6 ; <c\fcial[jbc][f Aoc^_* < h h < l\il) .644+
0 + J _ p [ h a _ fb i ] i g i i n _ m i o l i ^ [ ca l_ d[
<fnb[om) K[of+ Nb_ Nb_ifias i ` G [lnch Fonb_l* Ol[ôtcî j i l M i\ _ln >+ N]bofnt+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[)
.633+
<ofÇh) B omn[`+ =blcmnom Pc]nil6 ; h Bcmnilc][fMno^s i ` nb_ Nbl__G [ch Nsj_m i ` nb_ C^_[ i ` ;nih_g_hn*
O l[ôtcî j i l <+ B + C _\_ln+ M_cg jl_mmi ]ig og [ chnliôÅÄi ^_ d[limf[p K_fce[h+ I _q
Tile) .636+ =[chnih) Mif[h^ C+ B_l_ C Mn[h^6 ; F c`_ i ` G [lnch Fonb_l* I _q Tile) .62-+
= [lnb) F [lf+ ò< hm[nt o h ^ < hmc]bn ch Gonb_lm < \_h^g [bfmf_bl_ + Dh > c_ Nb_ifiac_ oh^ ^c_
Ecl]b_( /7/3*42+ Hohc]b) .6/5+
=cffcha) @ch[l+ I ol =[ffcha* Ol[ôtcî j i l > ihl[^ =_la_hî``+ Mi]e Dmf[h^) ...+) .62/+
= ilhe[g g ) C_chlc]b+ F o nb _cm Qilf^ i ` Nbioabn* Ol[ôtcî j i l H [lnch C+ =_lnl[g + N[chn
Giocm) .625+
å ( Fonb_l [h^ nb_ I f^ N_mn[g_hn* Ol[ôtcî j i l @ lc] R _ Monb >+ B lcnm]b+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .636+
=isf_) H [ldilc_ J õMiole_+ ?l[mgom ih f[hao[a_ [h^ G_nbi^ ch Nb_ifias O ilihni) .644+
>[lfmih) @ ^ a [l H [lnch+ Nb_ L_chn_ljl_n[ncih i ` Fonb_l* Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .615+
>f_\m]b) R cffc[g <+ ?haf[h^$m ?[lfc_mn Jlin_mn[hnm( -1.,)/1* I _q C[p_h) .631+
@\_fcha) B _lb[l^+ ?p[ha_fcm]b_ ?p[ha_fc_h[omf_aoha* Hohc]b) .61/+
å ( Fonb_l6 ; h Chnliô]ncih ni B cm Nbioabn* Ol[ôtcî j i l M+ <+ R cfmih+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .64-+
å ( Fonb_lmno^c_h* / pifm+ Oo\cha_h) .64.*44+
&($ ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 M A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
G cp li m l c] i m _ g j _ l] _ j Å Ä i _ ch ì l g [ Å Ä i +
@f_ln) R_lh_l+ Nb_ Mnlo]nol_ i ` Fonb_l[hcmg* Ol[ôtcî j i l R [fn_l <+ C [hm_h+ Kláfiai ^_
E[limf[p K_fce[h+ N[chn Giocm) .63/+
@ha_ff[h^) C[hm+ G_f[h]bnbih6 Af[o\_lí oh^ B[h^_fh* Hohc]b) .60.+
Al[he) Al[ht C _lg [hh M_chbif^+ > c_ Nb_ifiac_ ^_lEiheil^c_hìlg_fbcmnilcm]b)îag[ncm]b _hncpc]e_fn
oh^ \_f_o]bn_n* 1 pifm+ @lf[ha_h) . 5 2 5 3 2 º+
Al[_he_f) K_n_l+ N_mncgihc[ J[nlog6 Nb_ @oh]ncih i ` nb_ J[nlcmnc];laog _hn ch nb_ Nb_ifias i ` Jbcfcj
G_f[h]bnbih* B _h_p[) .63.+
B _llcmb) =lc[h <+ Al[]_ [h^ L_[mih6 ; Mno^s ch nb_ Nb_ifias i ` cGnb_l* J rìl^) .63/+
B l[h_) G_c`+ =ihnl[ A[\lc_f_g6 Fonb_lm ;om_ch[h^_lm_ncÄoha g cn A[\lc_f< c_f ch ^_l ^cmjon[nci ]ihnl[
m]bif[mnc][g nb_ifiac[g -1-3* Ol[ôtcî j i l @f`lc_^_ Kog j+ > ij_hb[a_h) .63/+
å ( > c_ =ih`_mmci;oaomn[h[6 ?ch`ncbloha ch ^c_ B[ojna_^[he_h ^_l fonb_lcm]b_h L_ìlg[ncih* Ol[ôtcî
j i n @ \_lb[l^ C [l\mg _c_l+ B inncha_h) .64-+
C[ceif[) G[olc+ A_m_nXoh^?p[ha_fcog \_cG[nnbc[m@f[]comfffslc]om6 <ch_ Ohn_lmo]bohaaolfonb_lcm]b_h
Nb_ifiac_ pil ^_l Eiheil^c_hìlg_f* Goh^) .62/+
C_[^f_s) Ei b h + Fonb_lôm Pc_q i ` =bol]b Bcmnils* I _q C[p_h) .630+
C _lg [hh) Moîf`+ Fonb_lm Nb_m_ ñA_l_]bn oh^ Moh^_l mjaf_c]b $* B ccn_lmfib) .63-+
Ci``g[h) =_han M+ Fonb_l [h^ nb_ Gsmnc]m6 ; L_)?r[gch[ncih i ` Fonb_lôm Mjclcno[f ?rj_lc_h]_ [h^
B cm L_f[ncihmbcj ni nb_ Gsmnc]m* H chh_[jifcm) .643+
Ciff) F [lf+ Fonb_l* Qifog_ . ^_ A_m[gg_fn_;o`m~nms "olEcl]b_ha_m]bc]bn_* 4m _^+ Oå\cha_h) .615+
< ìhn_ ^ i _mnoî g i ^ _lh ^[ n_ifiac[ ^_ Gon_li+
Ei[]bcgm_h) K[of+ òGi]c ]ig g oh_m7 @ ch _ P hn_lmo]boha tol B_cmn_ma_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Cog[hcm*
gom oh^ ^ _ l M _ìlg [ncihó*W[bl\o]b ^_l Fonb_l)A_m_ffm]b[`n 5 &.6/3') j+ / 4 6 4 º+
F [nn_h\om]b) A_l^ch[h^+ Fonb_lm Mn_ffoha "o ^_h ieog_hcm]b_h Msg\if_h* B c_mm_h) .550+ <
^_mj_cni ^_ m_o og mÇ]ofi ^_ c^[^_) _mm_ nl[n[g _hni [ch^[ Ç i g _fbil ^_mm_ nájc]i pcn[f+
Fämnfch) Eofcom+ Nb_ Nb_ifias i ` Fonb_lch Cnm Bcmnilc][f >_p_fijg_hn[h^ Chh_l B[lgihs* Ol[ôtcî
j i l >b[lf_m @ + C[s+ / pifm+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .562*64+
Gche) R% > [m Lcha_h Fonb_lm og ^c_ @l_cb_cn ^_l Nb_ifiac_ pih ^_l Jbcfimijbc_ Hohc]b) .61-+
H[ol_l) Rcfb_fg+ ò H _f[h]bnbihm <hn_cf [g Nnl_cn tqcm]b_h Gonb_l oh^ @ l[mg omô+ ;l]bcp
` c l L_ìlg[ncihma_m]bc]bn_ 16 &.625') j+ 66*..2+ H _mmh_l) Ei[]bcg + Ecl]bfc]b_ O_\_lfc_`_lohaoh^
; onilcn|n cg @f[]comel_cm6 Mno^c_h "o ^_h G[l\ola_l T_hnolc_h* =_lfch) .631+
Hif^[_he_) B å h nb _l+ M]blc`np_lmn^h^hcm oh^ M]blc`n^_onoha cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l L_ìlg[ncih* Qif+ .7
G[nnbc[m @f[]com Cffsh]om* Nnonna[ln) .603+
I [a_f) R cfb_fg @ lhmn+ Fonb_lm ; h n_cf [h ^_l =ih`_mmci ;oaomn[h[* B ån_lmfib) .60-+
I i nb ) B inn`lc_^+ Aloh^fchc_h ^_l Nb_ifiac_ ^_m G [lnch =b_ghcnm%* I+ j+) .60-+
J \_lg [h) C _cei <oaomnchom+ òA[]c_hnc\om L oi^ ch m_ _mn ? _om h i h ? _h_a[n B l[nc[g 7
M i\_ln C if]in) J+K+) [h^ nb _ =_achhcham i ` Gonb_lõm O b_ifiasô+ Dh Nb_ L_ìlg[ncih ch
G_^c_p[f J_lmj_]ncp_( _^cn[î j i l Nn_p_h @ + J tg _hn) j+ .6*1.+ >bc][ai) .64.+
K[nnih) C oab+ Nb_ ?``c][]s i ` Jon[ncp_; nnlcncih ch nb_ >i]nlch_ i ` Nb_ifiac[hm i ` nb_ R P C [h^ R P C C
=_hnolc_m* Mig_) .633+
K_fce[h) E[limf[p+ Fonb_l nb_ ?rjimcnil6 Chnliô]ncih ni nb_ L_ìlg_lôm ?r_a_nc][f Qlcncham* Gcpli
[mmi]c[^î [ Fonb_lôm Qilem6;g_lc][h ?^cncih* N[chn Giocm) .626+
å ( I\_^c_hn L_\_fm6 =[nbifc] Mo\mn[h]_ [h^ Jlin_mn[hn Jlch]cjf_ ch Fonb_lôm L_ìlg[ncih* I _q Tile)
.631+
ó + ò< îf` p i h C [lh[]e i h G onb_l + Dh Chn_ljl_n_lm i ` Fonb_l6 ?mm[sm ch Bihil i ` Qcfb_fg
J[o]e( _^cn[î j i l E[limf[p K_fce[h) j+ /20*41+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .635+
K_m]b) J nni C _lg [hh+ > c_ Nb_ifiac_ ^_l L_]b`_lncaoha \_c G [lnch Fonb_l oh^ Nbig[m pih ;koch*
H[cht) .634+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O SSS ( * '
K`ålnh_l) Nn_jb_h+ Fonb_l [h^ ; koch[m ih M[fp[ncih* Ol[ôtcî j i l @^q[l^ L ochh+ Kláfiai
^_ E[limf[p K_fce[h+ I _q Tile) .631+
Kl_a_l) Rcfb_fg+ G [nnbc[m @f[]com Cffslc]om oh^m_ch_ T_cn* . pifm+ @lf[ha_h) .526*3.+
Kl_hn_l) M_ach+ Mjclcnom =l_[nil* Ol[ôtcî j i l Ei b h H+ E_hm_h+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .620+
å ( > _l \[lgb_laca_ Lc]bn_l6Domncnc[ > _cj[mmcp[ ch Fonb_lm ñ>c]n[n[ moj_lJm[fn_lcogó* <[lbom) .63.+
Mc_nm]b_f) @ lh mn+ > [m Jli\f_g ^_l mebn\[l)ohmc]bn\[l_h Ecl]b_ \_c Fonb_l* G_cjtca) .60/+
Mojj) @ + B ilîh+ Nb_ Lcabn_iomh_mm i ` Ai^6 Fonb_l Mno^c_m* I _q Tile) .621+
N]b__f) J nni + G [lnch Fonb_l6 Pig E[nbifcacmgom ííolL_ìlg[ncih* 0[ _^+ / pifm+ G_cjtca) .6/.*0-+
N]bfche) @ ^g oh^+ Nb_ifias i ` nb_ Fonb_l[h =ih`_mmcihm* Ol[ôtcî j i l K[of A+ F i_bh_e_ _
C _l\ _ln E+ <+ = iog [h+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .63.+
N]bo\_ln) C [hm pih+ <_e_hhnhcm\cfôhaoh^ L_fcacihmjifcnce %-1.0)-1/0&* B inb[) .6.-+
N__\[mm) B inn`lc_^+ > [m l_ìlg[nilcm]b_ Q_le ^_m ;h^l_[m Imc[h^_l* I ol_g \_la) .634+
N__\_la) @ lc]b+ Fonb_lm Nb_ifiac_6 Gincp_ oh^ C^__h* . pifm+ B inncha_h _ Nnonna[ln) .6/6*04+
Nn_chg _nt) ?[pc^ >+ Fonb_l [h^ Mn[ojcnmÄ ; h ?mm[s ch nb_ Chn_ff_]no[f Ilcachm i ` nb_ Jlin_mn[hn
L_ìlg[ncih* ? olb[g ) .65-+
Nnl[omm) B _l[f^+ Fonb_lôm Biom_ i ` f_[lhcha* Chî]nlch[ncih i ` nb_ Sioha ch nb_ A_lg[h L_ìlg[ncih*
=[fncgil_) .645+
O _h^_l) O big [m I+ Mch [h^ =ih`_mmcih ih nb_ ? p_ i ` nb_ L_ìlg[ncih* Klch]_nih) .644+
Q[dn[) Qcfgim) _^+ Fonb_l oh^G_f[h]bnbih6 L_`_l[n_ ^_m .* Chn_g[ncih[f_h Fonb_lìlm]bohameihal_mm_m*
B inncha_h) .63.+
Qcah[or) K[of+ Fonb_l5 ]igg_hn[n_ol ^_m M_hn_h]_m* K[lcm) .602+ Q ia_fm[ha @ lc]b+ > c_ ;h`^ha_ ^_l
=blcmnifiac_ Fonb_lm h[]b ^_l_lmn_h Jm[fg_hpilf_moha* =_lfch) .6/6+
Rif`) @ lh mn+ J_l_alch[nci* / pifm+ Hohc]b) .63/+
1+ < j [ f[ p l [ _ [ p i h n[ ^ _ ^ _ ? _ o m
=[lnb) F[lf+ Nb_ B_c^_f\_la =[n_]bcmgì l Ni^[s* Ol[ôtcî j i l Nbclf_s >+ B onblc_) El+ Mc]bgih^)
.631+ > ihb_]cg _hni bcmnálc]i ]ig \ch[î ]ig j_l]_jÅÄi n_ifáac][+
=[lnb) K_n_l+ > [m Jli\f_g ^_l h[nãlfc]b_h Nb_ifiac_ \_c =[fpch* Hohc]b) .602+
=[e_l) E+ R%[ph_+ B_chlc]b <offcha_l [h^ nb_ =ip_h[hn Nb_ Inb_l L_ìlg_^ Nl[^cncih* < nb_hm) J bci)
.65-+
=[ln_f) J me[l+ D[h F [mec* Qifog _ .7 -055)-112* R%[lm[q) .622+
=c]eh_ff) @ ^q [l^ Eibh+ ; Nb_ifiac][fChnliô]ncih ni nb_ Nbclns)Hch_;lnc]f_m* 0ò _^+ G ihîh) .622+
< mcno[ÅÄi [g \Öao[ îm / 5 ;lncaim ]ig i og [ ]ih`cmmÄi ò l_ìlg [^[ô ^cm]onc^[ n[g \Çg
j i l H [lnch N]bgc^n+
=ct_l) @ lh mn+ Mno^c_h "ol A_m]bc]bn_ ^_m ;\_h^g[bfmnl_cnm cg -2*D[blboh]f_ln* ? [lg mn[^n) .63/+
=ib[n_]) Eim_`+ =[fpch oh^ ^[m L_]bn* A_o^cha_h) .621+ @mj_]c[fg _hn_ j li ò h ^ i _g mo[
^cm]ommÄi ^[ òf_c h[nol[fô +
å ( <o^Å oh^ =[fpch6 Mno^c_h aol A_^[he_hq_fn ^_m`l[hXimcm]b_h @lãb\og[hcmgom* B l[t) %.62-+
= l[s )Ei b h N + Nb_iîl<_ma`m >i]nlch_ i ` Jl_^_mnch[ncih* Ic_qeiij) .642+
= lohh_l) K_n_l+ Pig Af[o\_h b_c =[fpch* Occ\cha_h) .6/2+
>iolpicmc_l) E[]ko_m+ F [ hincih ^Åafcm_ ]b_V <o]_l ^[hm mih ^Åp_fijj_g_hn bcmfilcko_* K[lcm) .600+
?[pc_mõ M oj_ln @ + Nb_ Jli\f_g i ` ;onbilcns ch nb_ =ihnch_hn[f L_ìlg_lm* G ihîh) .613+
?iq_s) @ ^q [l^ <+) El+ Nb_ Ehiqf_â_ i ` A i^ch =[fpch$m Nb_ifias* I _q Tile) .62/+ @m]f[l_]_^
g ocn[m ko_mnä_m h i j_hm[g _hni ^_ >[fpchi+
@_ffm) C[mncham+ G [lnch <o]_l* I _q C[p_h) .60.+
Ailmng [hh) C + E[]emih+ Qil^ [h^ Mjclcn6 =[fglcm >i]nlch_ i ` <c\fc][f;onbilcns* Nn[hìl^) .63/+
B[hi]ts) <f_r[h^l_+ =[fpch nbÅifiac_h ^_ n Åafcm_ _n |o gchcmnÇl_* K[lcm) .631+
? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 M A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
( * ( SSS
B _llcmb) = lc[h <+ òEi b h >[fpch ih G o nb _lô+ Dh Chn_ljl_n_lm i ` Fonb_l( _^cn[î j i l E[limf[p
K_fce[h) j+ 34*63+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .635+ B _mnnc]b) > blcmnijb+ Tqchafc [cm Nb_ifia_6 Af[ob_ oh^
A_cmn \_cg Tãl]b_l L_ìlg[nil* U olc]b) .634+
B l__hmf[^_) Nn[hf_s G[ql_h]_+ ò @hafcmb Q_lmcihm i ` nb_ =c\f_) .2.2*.3..ô+ Dh $Nb_ =[g)
\lcâ_ Bcmnils i ` nb_ <c\f_6 Nb_ Q_mn`lig nb_ L_ìlg[ncih ni nb_ Jl_m_hn >[s( _^cn[î j i l Nn[hf_s
G[ql_h]_ B l__hmf[^_+ >[g \lcâ_) .630+
Bl_m]b[n) H [lnch+ ò? _ l =oh^_ma_^[he_ ch ^_l Ob_ifiac_ ^_m mj|n_h H cnn]f[fn_lmô+ T_cnm]blc`n
ò l Ecl]b_ha_m]\c]bn_ 5. &.64-') j+ 11 * 30+ J ]ihn_rni g_^c_p[f ^_ og n_g [ ^[ M_ìlg [+
B låntg []b_l) Mc]b[l^ C + Qiln oh^ A _cmn ? ch_ bcmnilcm]b_ oh^ îag[ncm]b_ Ohn_lmo]boha "og
Ah[^_hgcnn_f ^_m Qiln_m* G_cjtca) .6-/+
C[o]e) R cfb_fg*<f\_ln+ > c_?lq|bfn_h6 Jl[^_mnch[ncih oh^B_cfma_gmmb_cn h[]b =[fpch* B ccn_lmfib)
.62-+
Ciffq_a) R[fn_l+ B_chlc]b <[ffcha_lm B[om\o]b6 ? ch_ Ohn_lmo]boha ccb_l ^c_ ;h`^ha_^_l l_ìlgc_ln_h
Jl_^canOn_l[nol* I _oecl]b_h) .623+
å ( H_o_ Ohn_lmo]boha_h •aolA_m]bc]bn_ oh^ Cd_bl_ ^_m B_c^_f\_la_lE[n_]bcmgom* / pifm+ I _oecl]b_h)
.63.*35+
Fc]e_f) R[fn_l+ P_lhoh`n oh^ I``_h\[loha \_c Nb_iîl <_)∑§6 Tog Jli\f_g ^_m P_lb[fnhcmm_m pih
Nb_ifiac_( Jbcfimijbc] oh^Mn[[n* I _oecl]b_h) .634+
Fibf_l) R[fn_l+ Tqchafc oh^ Fonb_l6 Cbl Mnl_cn ã\_l ^[m ;\_h^g[bf h[]b m_ch_hjifcncm]b_h oh^ l_fc)
acim_h <_`c_boha_h* . pifm+ G_cjtca) .6/1*20+ P g îm _mnoîm g [cm cg jiln[hn_ ^_ ]ig i i
jlin_mn[hncmg i m_ ^cpc^co+
F lom]b_) R_lh_l+ > [m Qcle_h ^_m B_cfca_h A_cmn_m h[]b =[fpch* B inncha_h) .624+
G[ha) <oaomn+ > _l?p[ha_fc_heigg_hn[lG [lnch <onn_lm oh^ ^c_ Aloh^)aãa_ m_ch_l Nb_ifiac_* G_cjtca)
.6--+
å ( > _l B_c^_f\_la_l E[n_]bcmgom* G_cjtca) .6.0+
Gi]b_l) B i nn`lc_^ R+ Tqchafcôm Nbioabn H _q J_lmj_]ncp_m* G_c^_h) .65.+
H ]? ihh_ff) Fcfc[h+,`n!:ì =[fpch( nb_ =bol]b( [h^ nb_ ?o]b[lcmn* Klch]_nih) .634+ P g [ chn_ljl_*
n[ÅÄi b[lg ihcim[ ^_ og n_áfiai ][náfc]i*lig[hi+
H]G_ff[h^) Eim_jb >+ Nb_ Pcmc\f_ Qil^m i ` Ai^6 ; h ?rjimcncih i ` nb_ M[]l[g_hn[f Nb_ifias i `
J_n_l G [lnsl P_lgcafc;*>* -1,,)-12.* Bf[maiq ) .624+
H]I_cff) Ei b h O big [m+ òO b _ >bol]b ch Ncrn__hnb*>_hnols M _ìlg _^ O b_ifias *Diolh[f
i ` L_fcacih // &.61/') j+ /2.*36+
ó + òO b _ ? i]nlch_ i ` nb_ Hchcmnls ch M_ìlg _^ Ob_ifiasô+ =bol]b Bcmnils ./&.610') j+ 44*64+
ó: _^+ Ei b h >[fpch+ Chmncnon_m i ` nb_ =blcmnc[h L_fcacih* / pifm+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .63-+ J jlch]cj[f
chnÇljl_n_ ^_ >[fpchi _ î ][fpchcmni h i _mnoî [][^Ñg c]i ^_ `[f[ chaf_m[+
Ic_m_f) R cfb_fg+ Nb_ Nb_ifias i ` =[fpch* Ol[ôtcî j i l C + F hcabn+ Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .623+ Kli*
p[p_fg_hn_ i g _fbil nl[n[g _hni mcmn_g|nc]i+
K[le_l) O big [m C _hls Giocm+ Nb_ >i]nlch_ i ` nb_ Ehiqf_â_ i ` Ai^6 ; Mno^s ch =[fpchôm Nb_ifias*
B l[h^ M[jc^m) Hc]b+) .626+
K[o]e) Rcfb_fg+ >[m L_c]b Aifn_m [ o ` ?l^_h6 Onijc_ oh^ Q clefc]be^n* =_lfch) .6/5+
Kiff_n) E[]ko_m Q+ Bof^ls]b Tqchafc _n f[ L_ìlg_ _h Mocmm_* K[lcm) .630+
Kinn_l) B _ila_ Mc]b[l^+ Tqchafc* >[g\lcâ_) .643+
M[cnn) Ecff+ Nb_ ?o]b[lcmnc] Nb_ifias i ` Nb_iîl_ <_a[6 >_p_fijg_hn i ` nb_ L_ìlg_^ >i]nlch_* >b[g *
\_lm\ola) K[+) .64/+
N]bgc^n) H [lnch+ ò? c_ F cl]b_ p i h @ haf[h^ [fm B _a_hmn[h^ ^_l F ih`_mmcihmeoh^_ô+ Dh ?l)
h_o_loha ^_l?ch_h Ecl]b_6;l\_cn_h [om Ecl]b_ha_m]\c]bn_ oh^ Eih`_mmcihmeoh^_ B_chlc]b <ilhe[gg
öaog 21* A_\olnmn[aa_qc^g_n( j+ 5/*..1+ B inncha_h) .633+
N]bq_ct_l) <f_r[h^_l+ >c_jlin_mn[hncm]b_h T_hnl[fîag_h ch cbl_l?hnqc]efoha chh_lb[f\ ^_l l_ìlgc_ln_h
Ecl]b_* / pifm+ U olc]b) .521*23+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O SSS * , T+
Ngcnm) G+ M[chn ;oaomnch ^[g Ni_opl_ ^_D_[h =[fpch* / pifm+ <mm_h) .624*25+
Nn[_^ne_) Ei[]bcg + > c_ Nb_ifiac] ^_mòha_h <offcha_l* U olc]b) .63/+
å ( B_chlc]b <[ffcha_l <c\fcial[jbc]6 <_m]bl_c\_h^_m P_la_c]bhcm ^_l a_^lo]en_h Q_le_ pih B_chlc]b
<[ffcha_l* U olc]b) .64/+
ó*) [h^ Gi]b_l) B inn`lc_^ R+ Af[o\_h oh^ <_e_hh_h6 0,, D[bl_ =ih`_mmci B_fp_nc][ Jimn_lcil6
;e[^_gcm]b_ @_c_l* =_lh) .633+
Nnlibf) C_hlc+ <o]_l( bog[hcmn_ ]blÅnc_h* K[lcm) .606+
Nno_lg [hh) R [fn_l @ + ; =lcnc][f Mno^s i ` =[fpchôm =ih]_jn i ` @[cnb* Oofm[) .62/+
Oill[h]_) O big [m A+ =[fpchôm >i]nlch_ i ` G[h* G ihîh) .616+
ó*) ]^+ Nb_ M]biif i ` @[cnb6 Nb_ =[n_]bcmgm i ` nb_ L_ìlg_^ =bol]b* I _q Tile) .626+
Q[h =o l]h) K[of+ =blcmn ch Iol Jf[]_6 Nb_ Mo\mncnoncih[ls =b[l[]n_l i ` =[fpchôm >i]nlch_ i ` L_]ih]cfc[)
ncih* B l[h^ M[jc^m) Hc]b+) .624+ R[ff[]_) Mih[f^ N+ =[fpch$m >i]nlch_ i ` nb_ Qil^[h^ M[]l[g_hn*
@^ch\olab) .620+
R [fnih) M i\_ln >+ Tqchafcôm Nb_i]l[]s* O ilihni) .634+
R[l`c_f^) =_hd[gch =l_]e_hlcâ_+ =[fpch [h^ =[fpchcmg* I _q Tile) .60.+
R_h^]f) Al[haicm+ =[fpch6 Nb_ Ilcachm [h^ >_p_fijg_hn i ` B cm L_fcaciom Nbioabn* Ol[ôtcî jil
Kbcfcj H[cl]n+ I _q Tile) .630+
R_lhf_) K[of+ =[fpch* Qifog_ 0 ^_ > _l _p[ha_fcm]b_ Af[o\_ h[]b ^_h B[ojnm]blc`n_h ^_l L_ìlg[nil_h*
Oå\cha_h) .6.6+
2+ < ^ _ `ch cÅ Ä i ^ [ j [ l nc] o f[ l c^ [ ^ _ ^ i ] [ ná fc] i *li g [ h i

=l[ohcm]b) M_chb[l^+ > c_ Nb_ifiac_ ^_l L_]bf`_lncaoha cg ñ?h]bclc^cihé %-1/4& ^_mDib[hh_m =lij)
j_l* H ohmn_l) .641+
?ioaf[m) Mc]b[l^ G*D[]iji M[îf_ni( -033)-1036 Bog[hcmn[h^ L_ìlg_l* >[g \lcâ_) H[mm+) .626+
A_hfih) ?+ B_l_ms [h^ I\_^c_h]_ ch Nlc^_hnch_ Cn[fs6 =[l^ch[f Jif_ [h^ nb_ =iohn_l L_ìlg[ncih*
>[g\lcâ_) .64/+
B _cm_fg [hh) E) M+ ò ?[m H cmmp_lmnÄh^hcm å\ _l ^[m Q_nb[fnhcm pih N]blc`n oh^ Ol[^cncih ch
^_l e[nbifcm]b_h O b_ifiac_ô+ Oh[ M[h]n[Q &.623') j+ .0.*2-+
B colc[ni) <+ H+ F _ nl[^cacihc h_ff[ CP M_mmci ^_f =ih]cfci ^c Nl_hni* Qc]_ht[) .61/+
B iffi\) C + @lc_^lc]b H[om_[6 Jli\f_g_ ^_l A_a_hl_ìlg[ncih* Q c_hh[) .62/+
B innf_l) Eim_jb+ >_lb_cfca_ Nbig[m pih; k o ch oh^ ^c_ pilnlc^_hnchcm]b_h Nbigcmn_hcc\_l^c_ Qcleoha_h
^_m <ommm[el[g_hnm* Al_c\ola) .6-1+
C _`h_l) E+ > c_ ?hnmn_bohama_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Nlc_hn_l L_]b`_lncaoham^_el_n_m* K[^_l\ilh) .6-6+
C_hhca) B _lb[l^+ =[d_n[h oh^ Fonb_l6 ? ch bcmnilcm]b_l <_cnl[a aol <_a_ahoha pih Nbigcmgom oh^
L_ìlg[ncih* Nnonna[ln) .633+
C _ln_) < îf`+ > [m e[nbifcm]b_ Fonb_l\cf^ cg <[hh ^_l Fonb_leigg_hn[l_ ^_m =i]bfôm* 0 pifm+
H åhmn_l) .610+
Dm_lfib) @ lhmn+ > c_ ?o]b[lcmnc] ch ^_l >[lmn_ffoha ^_mDib[hh_m ? ]e* H åhmn_l) .62-+
å ( > _l E [g j` og ^c_ G_mm_ ch ^_h _lmn_hD[bla_bhn_h ^_l ;om_ch[h^_lm_n)soha g cn Fonb_l* H åhmn_l)
.62.+
E_^ch) C o\_ln+ E[nbifcm]b_ L_ìlg[ncih i^_l A_a_hl_ìlg[ncih6 ? ch P_lmo]b aol Ef[loha ^_l <_alc``_
h_\mn _ch_lDo\cf~ogm\_nl[]bnohaã\_l ^[m Nlc^_hnch_l Eig`c* Go]_lh_) .613+
å ( J[j[f F_a[n_ [n nb_ =ioh]cf i ` Nl_hn6 =[l^ch[f M_lcj[hî* Ol[ôtcî j i l A+ >+ @]ebi``+ N[chn
Giocm) .614+
å ( A_m]bc]\n_ ^_mEihm`fm pih Nlc_hn* 1 pifm+ _g 2+ Al_c\ola) .616*42+ &nl[ôÅÄi j[l[ i chafÇm ^_
@ lh _ mn B l[`ö*; Bcmnils i ` nb_ = ig [fi ` Nl_hn* N[chnGiocm) .624*+' @ o g [ i\l[ ch^cmj_hm|p_f+
F i]b) R+ ò ? [m O lc_hn_l F ihtcfm^_el_n ? _ j_]][ni ilcach[fc + Nb_ifiacm]b_ Ko[ln[fm]blc`n 62
&.6.0') j+ 10-*2-) 20/*318 63 &.6.1') j+ .-.*/0+
IKK ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 2 A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
F limm) <+ ò? c_ G _bl_ p i h ^_l P h\_`f_]en_h @g j`|hahcm [oç ^_g F ihtcf p i h O lc_h nô+
T_cnm]blc`nòle[nbifcm]b_ Nb_ifiac_NJ( &.6-1') j+ 425*33+
G[_gg _l) C oai+ > c_ pilnlc^_hnchcm]b)e[nbifcm]b_ Nb_ifiac_ ^_m L_ìlg[fcihmX_cn[fn_lm* =_lfch) .525+
G[o]b_ln) Alc_^lc]b) > c_ cn[fc_hcm]b_h fcn_l[lcm]b_h A_ah_lFonb_lm* Al_c\ola) .6./+
G[olc_lm) B+ ^_m+ òNn+ <oaomnch _ n f[ ko_mncih ^_ f[ ]_lncno^_ ^_ f[ al~]] [o >ih]cf_ ^_ O l_hn +
Dh ;oaomnchom G[acmn_l( .7.-2.*34+ K[lcm) .621+ G]hh_lt) C+ ò? [m F ihtcf p i h O lc_hn oh^
nb_ifiacm]b_ N]bofg _choha]hô+ M]bif[mnce 1 &.6/6') j+ 05*20+
H]>ihc][) `[g_m+ ?hafcmb Bog[hcmnm [h^ L_ìlg[ncih Jifcnc]m oh^_l B _hls P CCC [h^ ?^q[l^ PC*
J rìl^) .632+
H[c]bf_) <+ > _l E[hih ^_l bc\fcm]b_h <ã]b_loh^ ^[m ≠µ±©∞Ø¨ pih Nlc_hn* Al_c\ola) .6/6+
H[lcom) Mc]b[l^ >+ òO big [m H il_ [h^ nb_ C _l_nc]mô+ ? cmm_ln[ÅÄi ^_ îonil[g _hni) T[f_
Phcp_lmcns) .63/+
J õH[ff_s) Ei b h R+ Acf_m i ` Pcn_l\i ih =bol]b [h^ L_ìlg6; Mno^s ch L_h[cmm[h]_ Nbioabn* G_c^_h)
.635+
J lncao_m) @ ^g ih^+ òy ]lcnol_m _ n nl[^cncihm [jimnifcko_m [o >ih]cf_ ^_ O l_hn_ + L_]b_l]b_m
^_ m]c_h]_ l_fcac_om_ 03 &.616') j+ /4.*66+
K[m) K+ òG [ î]nlch_ ^_ f[ îo\f_ domnc]_ [o >ih]cf_ ^_ O l_hn_ + ?jb_g_lc^_m Nb_ifiac][_ Fip[)
g_hm_m 0- &.621') j+ 2*20+
K_h[aim) G+ ò G[ î]nlch[ ^_f j_]][ni ilcach[f _h _f >ih]cfci ^_ O l_h ni ô+ Dh Gcm]_ff[h_[ =igcf)
f[m 1 &.612') j+ ./4*/40+
Kifg[h) Kihnc_h+ >c_jif_gcm]b_ G_nbi^_ ^_l _lmn_h A_ah_l ^_l L_ìlg[ncih* H åhmn_l) .60.+
å ( F$ÅfÅg_hn bcmnilcko_ ^[hm f[ ]ihnlip_lm_ l_fcac_om_ ^ o R P C_ mc$_]f_* B _g \fior) .60/+
Må]e_ln) C [hhm+ > c_ L_]b`_lncaohamebl_ [ o d ^_g Nlc^_hnchcm]b_h Eihacf* =ihh) .6/2+
å ( > c_ nb_ifiacm]b_ ?hnqc]efoha A[mj[li =ihn[lchcm* = ihh) .6/3+
N]b_he) R+ L_ach[f^ Jif_* G ihîh) .62-+
N]bl_c\_l) B _ila) _^+ > [m Q_fneihacfpih Nlc_hn M_ch Q_l^_hoh^ Qcle_h* / pifm+ Al_c\ola) .62.+
> ihnÇg [lncaim _mj_]Ö`c]im mi\l_ p[lcim ^_]l_nim) j i l _r_gjfi) mi\l_ [ @ m]lcnol[ &.7026*
5-' _ mi\l_ [ domnc`c][ÅÄi &.7..4*10'+
N]bonn_) < hh_ E[]i\mih+ J_n_l J[of P_la_lci6 Nb_ G [echa i ` [h Cn[fc[h L_ìlg_l* B _h_p[) .644+
N]bq_ct_l) E+ ;g\limcom =[nb[lchom Jifcnom* H åhmn_l) .6.-+
Ncgih]_ffc) K[ifi) #f_[m_ L_ach[f^ Jif_6 ?l_mc[ _ m[hncn| h_ff_jif_gc]b_ l_fcacim_ ^_f ^hko_]_hni* Mig_)
.644+
Nn[e_g_c_l) @ + > _lE [g j` olh ;oaomnchom [ o ` ^_g Nlc^_hnchog* K[^_l\ilh) .604+
Nnojj_lc]b) Mi\_ln+ > _l Bog[hcmgom oh^ ^c_ Qc_^_lp_l_chcaoha^_l Eih`_mmcih_h* G_cjtca) .603+
Od_lh[a_f) I __f[e N_l[qfiie+ B_hls P CCC [h^ nb_ Fonb_l[hm6; Mno^s ch;hafi)Fonb_l[h L_f[ncihm
`lig -1.- ni -103* N[chn Giocm) .632+
R _^_q_l)E* Dib[hh >c_n_h\_la_l* A l_c\ o la .555+
Rc]em) E[l_^+ =[d_n[h L_mjih^m6 ; L_[^_l ch L_ìlg[ncih =ihnlip_lms* R [mbchanih) .645+
3 + J m ^ _ m [ `ci m j [ l [ [ ] i h nch o c^ [ ^ _ [ j i m ná fc] [

=[chnih) Mif[h^ C + > [pc^+ilcm6 Qc_^_ln[o`_l ohÊ[gj`_l`ncl Nif_l[ha cg -2*D[blboh^_ln* Ol[ô*
tcî j i l C [di C i f\ i lh _ < hh_g [lc_ C if\ilh+ G _cjtca .604+
å ( B ohn_^ B_l_nc]6 Nb_ O `_ [h^ >_[nb i ` Gc]b[_f M_lp_nom( -1--)-11/* /( _^+ = imnih) .63-+ <
^cm]ommÄi ^[ O lch^[^_ &j+ /.*23' ] ]f[l[ _ ]ihpch]_hn_+
=[og [hh) >f[l_h]_+ A_q[fnfimcae_cn cg N[nc`_lnog6 ?ch_ Ohn_lmo]boha aol nb_ifiacm]b_h ? nb ce ^_m
i\_l^_onm]b_h N[o`_lnogm ^_l L_ìlg[ncihma_cn* G_c^_h) .635+
=_[]bs) <fpch+ Nb_ =ih]_jn i ` Al[]_ ch nb_ L[^c][f L_ìlg[ncih* I c_oq eiij) .644+
7@N?O OCAQKBUNG?O OCICAGLK?B?O SSS ( * +
=_h^_l) C [lif^ N+ =ihl[^ Al_\_Ø %][* -054)-1.2&6 Nb_ @ioh^_l i ` nb_ Mqcmm <l_nbl_h* B imb_h)
Dh^+) .62-+ =[mc]+
ó + ò< h[\[jncmn O b_ifias i ` ? cm]cjf_mbcj + G_hhihcn_Ko[ln_lfs L_pc_q .0 &.62-') j+ /2*0/+
ó + òO b _ K[]c`cmg i ` nb_ Ncrn__hnb*>_hnols <h[\[jncmnmô+ =bol]b Bcmnils/1 &.622') j+ ..6*0.+
=f[he_) Alcnt+ öO=_nl[]bnoha_h tog [fn_mn_hNc[1]lV/|m,s[nhEôV;hnÜpòlL_ìlg[ncihm``m]fG-n_04 &.61-')
j+/1-*16+ Pg _mno^]:^[(M]\f_cn\_cg=ih`_mmcih* =ige[gg) C_chlc]b+ öö<omm_l_loh^ chh_l_lH_hm]b \]c
Gonb_l oh^ ^_h Njclcno[fcmn_hô+ Dh Cg[ai> { <Ånl|asXnb_ifiadm]b_h;hn\lijifia+_( _^cn[î jil C_chlc]b
=ige[gg) j+ 52*.-6+ Bc_mm_h) .60/+
=ola_pch) Al_^_lc]e C + ñ=lc\l[nci ;f]bil[hJ6 Hc]bif[m =om[homôm =lcnc]cmg i ` nb_ Eil[h ch nb_
Fcabn i ` B cm Jbcfimijbs i ` L_fcacih* I _q Tile) .636+
>b_p[fc_l) Kbcfcjj_) _ n [f+) _^m+ >cihsmc[][6 L_]o_cf îhh[hn F$_hm_g\f_ ^_m nl[ô]ncihm f[nch_m ^_m
iopl[a_m [nnlcboÅm [o >_hsm ^_ F;lÅij[a_* / pifm+ K[lcm) .604*2-+
>bg[d) Go^qce+ @[omn Mi]sh( -1/5)-2,0* R[lm[q) .630+
>c[m_h) >f[om*K]n]l+ ;h[\[jncmg6 ; Mi]c[f Bcmnils( -1-1)-2-4* Dnb[][) .64/+
>ibh) I ilg [h+ Nb_ Jolmocn i ` nb_ Gcff_hhcog* L_pifoncih[ls G_mmc[hcmg ch G_^c_p[f[h^ L_ìlg[ncih
?olij_ [h^ Cnm <_[lcha ih Gi^_lh Nin[fcn[lc[h Gip_g_hnm* /[ _^+ I _q Tile) .63.+
?[pcm) F _hh_nb Mih[f^+ ;h[\[jncmg [h^ ;m]_nc]cmg6 ; Mno^s ch Chn_ff_]no[f Ilcachm* N]innm^[f_)
K[+) .641+
@^q[l^m) H [le P+ Fonb_l [h^ nb_ @[fm_ <l_nbl_h* Nn[hìl^) .642+
@ffca_l) R[fn_l+ Nbig[m G cchnmsl6 Cr\_h oh^ Q_le* B inncha_h) .642+ @ g g c) =+ ò DD ^_]l_ni nlc*
^_hnchi moff[ Qofa[n[ h_c ]ig g _h^ ^_ff[ jlcg [ jif_gc][ jlin_mn[hni*][nnifc][ô+ ;ha_fc]og
0- &.620') j+ .-4*0-+
A[mn) C_chif^+ B_chlc]b <offcha_l oh^ ^c_ Nô`_l* R _c]lbi`) .626+
A_ffg[hh) R[fn_l) _^+ C [hm ? _h]e+ M]blc`n_h* 0 pifm+ B ån_lmfib) .622*3-+
Alc_^g [hh) M i\_ln) _^+ Af[o\_hmpsoahcmm_ i\_l^_onm]b_l N[oà_mchhn_h( pif+ /+ B ån_lmfib) .634+
ó + ò N]bf_cnb_cg >ih`_mmcih &.2/4' [h^ J nb _ l ? i]nlch[f Rlcncham i ` nb _ Nqcmm = l_nbl_h ch
[ C cnb_lni P hehiq h @ ^cncihô+ G_hhihcn_ Ko[ln_lfs L_h_q .3 &.61/') j+ 5/*65+
B_l^_m) C[si+ Fonb_lm Mnl_cn g cn ^_h M]bq^lg_g og ^[m l_]bf_ P_lmn[h^hcm ^_m A_m_nmsmGim_* Binncha_h)
.622+
Bf[q_) R[fnb_l+ M_\[mnc[h @l[h]em ohecl]bfc]b_m =blcmn_hnog6 @ ãl i^_l qc^_l Ecl]b_oh^ >iag[:
G_cjtca) .6./+
B álmec) Fihl[^+ Als_ails J[q_f U < ls_`h6 Gihial[g[ U âc_diqjifmec_d fcn_l[nols [ld[hmec_d R P C
qc_eo VBl_ails K[of i ` =lt_tch7 [ g ihial[jb `lig nb_ bcmnils i ` nb_ Kifcmb <lc[h fcn_l[nol_
i ` nb _ mcrn__hnb ]_hnolsX+ >l[]iq) .6/6+
B lcnm]b) @ lc] R+ Nbig[m G ãhnmsl6 L_ìlg_l qcnbion [ =bol]b* Kbcf[^_fjbc[) .634+
C_af_l) <f`l_^+ Alcmn oh^ M]blc`n \_c M_\[mnc[h @l[h]e <ch_ Mno^c_ "ol A_m]bc]bn_ ^_m Mjclcno[fcmgom
ch ^_l L_ìlg[ncihmmscn* A l_c\ o la .56/+ < ch^[ og [ g ihial[`c[ cg jiln[hn_+
C _lmb\_la_l) B os @ ) _^+ Nb_ L_]ip_ls i ` nb_ ;h[\[jncmn Pcmcih6 ; Mcrnc_nb ;hhcp_lm[ls Nlc\on_ ni
B [lif^M* <_h^_l* N]innm^[f_) K[+) .624+
Ccff_l\l[h^) C [hm Ei[]bcg+ >c_jifcncm]b_ ? nb ce ^_m i\_l^_onm]b_h N[o`_lnogm6 Ccch_ Ohn_lmo]boha
Xol L_fcacihm) oh^ A_cmn_ma_m]bc]bn_ ^_m -2*D[blboh^_lnm( G_c^_h) .63/+
å ( ; <c\fcial[jbs i ` ;h[\[jncmg( -1.,)-2/,* @ feb[ln) Dh^+) .63/+
ï * ; @_ffiqmbcj i ` >cm]ihn_hn* I _q Tile) .634+
Cif_]t_e) C_cht+ Bog[hcmncm]b_ <c\^jbcfifiac_ [fm L_ìlgjli\f_g \_c?l[mgom pih Linn_l^[g( Nbig[m
Gil_ oh^ Qcffc[g Nsh^[f_* G_c^_h) .642+
Ff[[mm_h) R[cn_l+ ò Njclcno[fct[ncih ch nb_ M _ìlg [ncihô G_hhihcn_Ko[ln_lfs L_pc_q 04 &.630')
j+ 34*45+
024 ©©© ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 2 A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
Cej& KjWd_ibWm( Mi]chc[hcmg ch Jif[h^6 Nb_ Mi]c[f [h^ Jifcnc][f C^_[m i ` nb_ Jifcmb ;hfcnlchcn[lc[hm
ch nb_ Mcrn__hnb [h^ M_p_hn__hnb =_hnolc_m* LhWZkp_Ze feh =Whb Eehi[ O_bXkh( :eijed& +3/1(
ChW^d& ;ehd[b_ki( G_hhi Mcgihm %-052)-12-&6 ? ch <_cnl[a "ol A_m]bc]bn_ oh^ Nb_fiac_ ^_l N[o`)
a_mchhn_h* CWhbihk^[& +3-0(
D_jj[bb& >hWdab_d @ ( Nb_ ;h[\[jncmn Pc_q i ` nb_ =bol]b* ,W [Z( :eijed& +3/2(
De[iY^Yh& Be^d J( Nb_ >cpch_ =iggohcns6 Nlchcns( =bol]b( [h^ ?nbc]m ch L_ìlg[ncih Nb_ifiac_m*
C_hail_bb[& E_iiekh_& +32+(
EWhj_d_& EW]ZW( @[omni Milchi _n f[j_hmÅ_ mi]chc_hh_* HWh_i& +301(
Nb_G_hhihcn_ ?h]s]fij_^c[6; =igjl_b_hmcp_ L_`_l_h]_ Qile ih nb_;h[b[jncmn)G_hhihcn_ Gip_g_hn*
. lebi( KYejjiZWb[& HW(& +3//'/3(
F[kcWdd& ?[h^WhZB( ç èJ[Y^j\[hj_]kd]ê kdZ èH[hied ;^h_ij_ê Wbi Ze]cWj_iY^[ ?bWkX[di\hW][d
X[_ Z[d Luk\[hd Z[h J[\ehcWj_edip[_j ( T_cnm]blc`n`ã l Ecl]b_ha_m]bc]bn_ 1* #+3/3$& f( 0,'1/(
F_]]& OWbj[h( > [m <o]b ^_l E_ff_l* Rkh_Y^& +3.3(
Go[h& Be^d K( Fonb_l[h L_ìlg_lm [a[chmn ;h[\[jncmnm6 Fonb_l( G_f[h]bnbih( [h^ G_hcom( [h^ nb_
;h[\[jncmnm i ` =_hnl[f A_lg[hs* L ^[ @W]k[& +30.(
H[b_aWd& BWheibWl( çF[]Wj_l[ L^[ebe]o WdZ Hei_j_l[ J[b_]_ed4 9 KjkZo e \ F_YêbWi ;kiWdki >_
j[]_`c^_c * Ad Nb_ Pc[ H_a[ncp[( ikffb[c[djWho dkcX[h e \ Jlo^_hnc[( f( 0/'12( 9kabWdZ& +32+(
J[[i& LêcWi& [Z( Nb_ L[]ipc[h =[n_]bcmg( qcnb Hin_m [h^ Cffomnl[ncihm* DedZed& +2+2(
KWYîi[& ;Whb( >* <[fnb[m[lBo\g[c_l [fm Nb_ifia_* :[hb_d& +3+.( =Z_wve h[_cfh[iiW( 9Wb[d& +31-(
KY^m_dZj& 9Zeb\( B [hm > _h]b ? ch Pile[gj`_l ohîag[ncm]b_h =blcmn_hnogm* KY^bWY^j[hd& +3,.(
K_Z[h& JedWbZ B( ;h^l_[m <i^_hmn_ch pih E[lfmn[^f6 Nb_ >_p_fijg_hn i ` B cm Nbioabn( -1-3)-1.1*
D[_Z[d& +31.(
KjWk\\[h& =j^[bX[hj( çL ^[ 9dWXWfj_ij L ^[ebe]o e \ EWhjohZecé( G_hhihcn_ Ko[ln_lí&º L_pc_q
+3 #+3./$& f( +13',+.(
L[Z[iY^_& B( 9(& [Z( Cn[fc[h L_ìlg[ncih Mno^c_m ch Bihil i ` F[_fcom Mi]chom* >beh[dY[& +30/(
O[d][h& qe ^ d ;^h_ij_Wd( çL ^[ KY^b[_j^[_c ;ed\[ii_ed e \ >W_j^é( G_hhihcn_ Ko[ln_lfs L_pc_q
+3 #+3./$& f(,.-'/-(
å ( Nb_ >i]nlch_m i ` nb_ G_hhihcn_m* KYejjiZWb[& HW(& +3/*(
å ñ& [Z( Nb_ =igjf_n_ Qlcncham i ` G_hhi Mcgihm( ]* V052)-12-* KYejjiZWb[& HW(& +3/0(
O_bXkh& =Whb Eehi[( ; B cmnils i ` Ohcn[lc[hcmg6 Mi]chc[hcmg [h^ Cnm ;hn_]_^_hnm* ;WcXh_Z][&
EWii(& +3.0(
å ( ; <c\fcial[jbs i ` nb_ Jcih__lm i ` nb_ Mi]chc[h)Ohcn[lc[h Gip_g_hn ch Gi^_lh =blcmnc[hcns ch Cn[fs(
Mqcnt_lf[h^( A_lg[hs( Biff[h^* Jec[& +3/*(
å ( ; Bcmnils i ` Ohcn[lc[hcmg ch Nl[hmsfp[hc[( ?haf[h^( [h^ ;g_lc][* ;WcXh_Z][& EWii(& +3/,(
å & [Z( Nb_ Nqi Nl_[ncm_m i ` M_lp_nom ih nb_ Nlchcns* ;WcXh_Z][& EWii(& +3-,(
O_bb_Wci& ?[eh][ @kdjijed& [Z( Mjclcno[f [h^ ;h[\[jncmn Qlcn_lm* H^_bWZ[bf^_W& +3/1(
å ( Nb_ L[^c][f L_ìlg[ncih* H^_bWZ[bf^_W& +30,(
å ( Nb_ Jifcmb <l_nbl_h6 >i]og_hn[ncih i ` nb_ B cmnils [h^ Nbioabn i ` Ohcn[lc[hcmg ch nb_ Jifcmb)
O nbo[hc[h =iggihq_[fnb [h^ ch nb_ >c[mjil[( -2,-å -241* :eijed& +310'13( EWhYW kc
cec [dje Z[Y_i_le dW ^_ijeh_e]hW\_W ZW çWbW [igk[hZW ZW J[\ehcWé(
R[cWd& BWhebZ Cden( Nb_;h[\[jncmnm [h^ nb_ =mj]b <l_nbl_h ch Gil[pc[( -1.2)-2.46 ; Mno^s i `
Ilcachm [h^ =ihn[]nm* Hh}be]e Z[ BWheibWl H[b_aWd( L ^[ @W]k[& +303(
RkYa& Dem[bb @( ç9Xehj_l[ ;ekdj[h J[lebj m_j^_d j^[ J[\ehcWj_edé( =bol]b Bcmnils #+3/1$&
f( ,,+',0(
4+ J ^ i a g [ ] i h `_ mmci h [ f _g o g ] lcm nc[ h cm g i ^ cp c^ c^ i

9Y^kj[]k_& H( K( F [ ohcp_lm[fc^[^ ^_f ]ihi]cgc_hni ^_ > ci _h fimj[a[him6 M_aäh fimjlcg_lim n_ifiaim ^_
f[ =igj[ÖÑ[ ^_DÅmom( -1/0)-204* EWZh_Z& +3/+(
I \l[m m_] o h ^ { lc[ m m_ f_] ci h [ ^ [ m % (*-
9bj^Wki& HWkb( > c_ Jlch]cjc_h ^_l ^_ofm]b_h l_ìlgc_ln_h >iag[nce cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l [lcmnin_fcm]b_h
M]bif[mnce* D[_fp_]& +3+.(
9hc ijhed] :h_Wd ?( =[fpchcmg [h^ nb_ ; g sl[on B_l_ms6 Jlin_mn[hn M]bif[mnc]cmg [h^ Bog[hcmg
ch M_p_hn__hnb)=_hnols @l[h]_* EWZ_ied& O_i(& +303( McW cede]hW\_W [\_Y_[dj[ [ _dijhkj_lW(
:Wkh& èh]( > c_ P_lhoh`n acpcm]b_h Ihnifiac_ oh^@cp[ha_fcog6 <ch_ Ohn_lmo]boha ]ol Nb_ifiac_Dib[hh
;h^l_[m Ko_hmn_^nm* ?Çj[hibe^& +30,(
:_p[h& =hdij( @lccbilnbiîrc_ oh^ L[ncih[fcmgom* Rkh_Y^& +30-(
:ehdaWcc& @[_dh_Y^( G smnce( Mjclcno[fcmgom oh^ ^c_ ;h`{ha_ ^_m Jc_ncmgom* ?_[ii[d& +3,0(
;^WZm_Ya& Gm[d( @lig <immo_fni H_qg[h6 Nb_ C^_[ i ` >i]nlch[f>_p_fijg_hn* ;WcXh_Z][& +3/1(
;h[c[Wdi& ;^Whb[i <Wl_Z( Nb_ L_]_jncih i ` =[fpchcmnc] Nbioabn ch ?haf[h^* MhXWdW& +++(& +3.3(
<Wd_xbek&B[Wd( Ai^ [h^ nb_ Q[sm i ` Ehiqcha* LhWZkp_Ze feh N= JeX[hji( F [m Qeha& +3/1(
<_[p'9b[]h{W& A( ? f ^_m[lliffi ^_ f[ î]nlch[ ^_ f[ C d s H [nol[f _h F o cm ^_ Gifch[ s _h fim g[_mnlim ^_
f[ Ohcp_lmc^[^ ^_ ?pil[ ^_ -121 [ -15-* EWZh_Z& +3/+(
=d][b& H[j[h( > c_ _ch_ Q[bl\_cn ch ^_la_mj[fn_n_h =blcmn_hb_cn6 Ohn_lmo]boha_h aol Nb_ifiac_ A_ila
=[fcrnm* ?ejj_d][d& +310(
=iY^m[_b[h& CWhb( ç< _[ H^_beief^_Y Z[h ifWd_iY^[d KfvjiYêbWij_a Wk\ Z[d Z[kjiY^[d Md_'
lYhi_jtj[dZ[i i_[Xp[^dj[d`W^h^kdZ[hjié( Ad A_m[gg_fn_;o`m~na_ aolEofnola_m]bc]bn_Mj[hc_hm(
[Z_jWZe feh @[_dh_Y^ >_da[& +4,/+'-,/( EÇdij[h& +3,2(
>Wj_e& Gb_l_[h( GÅnbi^_ _n nbÅifiac_6 Crng\_ln >[h_[o _f f_m ^_\onm ^_ f[ m]if[mncko_ lÅìlgÅ_* ?[d[lW&
+310(
>Wkb[dXWY^& @[_d[h( > c_ Mnloenol ^_l Nb_ifiac_ ^_m;g[h^[m Jif[hom pih Jif[hmî`* Rkh_Y^& +301(
å ( Q_a oh^ T c_f ^_l ?le_hhnhcm =blcmnc6 ?ch_ Ohn_lmo]boha aol Nb_ifiac_ ^_m Dib[hh_m =i]]_com*
F[ka_hY^[d& +31-(
>hWdai& JeX[hj K( ; Bcmnils i ` nb_ >i]nlch_ i ` nb_ Qile i ` =blcmn ch Cnm ?]]f_mc[mnc][f >_p_fijg_hn*
, lebi( F [m Qeha& +3+2(
?Wii& O_b^[bc( >c_ A_m]bc]bn_^_ljlin_mn[hncm]b_h >iag[nce ch cbl_g Tom[gg_hb[ha_ g cn ^_l Nb_ifiac_
ã\_lb[ojn* . lebi( :[hb_d& +2/.'01(
?[_][h& F ( > c_ ?[mc_l Ecl]b_ oh^ Nb_ifiac_ cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l Bi]\ilnbiîrc_* Rkh_Y^& +3/,(
?_WYed& ;( F [ m_lih^[ m]if[mnc][* - lebi( E_bWd& +3..'/*(
?eb^l_jp[h& @[bckj( =i_h[ >igchc6 > c_ [fnfonb_lcm]b_;\_h^g[bfmf_bl_ ch cbl_l;om_ch[h^_lm_naoha
g cn ^_g =[fpchcmgom ^[la_mn_ffn [h ^_l fonb_lcm]b_h @lccbilnbiîrc_* Ekd_Y^& S+3-1T(
?kWhZ_d_& JecWde( J[m][fì l I ol Ncg_* LhWZkp_Ze feh :h_Wd Lêc fied( F [m Qeha& +300(
@W]]bkdZ& :[d]j( > c_ B_cfca_ M]blc`n oh^ cbl_ >_onoha ch ^_l Nb_ifiac_Dib[hh A_lb[l^m6 ?ch_ Oh)
n_lmo]boha cc\_l ^[m [fnfonb_lcm]b_ M]blc`np_lmn[h^hcm* DkdZ& +3/+(
@Wp[bjed& Je][h( <f[cm_ J[m][f6 Nb_ A_hcom i ` B cm N ∏ bioabn* H^_bWZ[bf^_W& +31.(
@[_c& CWhb( çRkh ?[iY^_Y^j[ Z[i KWjp[i led Z[h Zeff[bj[d OW^h^[_jé( Af[o\_ oh^F_\_h( f(
1-'31( :[hb_d& +3,0(
@[ff[& @[_dh_Y^( >iag[nce ^_m ^_ofm]b_h Jlin_mn[hncmgom cg m_]ba_bhn_hD[blboh^_lf* ?ej^W& +2/1(
å ( > c_ >iag[nce ^_l _p[ha_fcm]b)l_ìlgc_ln_h Ecl]b_* =Z_jWZe feh =hdij :_p[h( F[ka_hY^[d& +3-/(
ô YedjhWfWhj[ h[\ehcWZW fWhW Wi Yecf_bWwÄ[i Z[ KY^c_Z [ JWjiYêm #l[`W WXW_ne$(
@_bb[hZW_& ?kddWh( L_[mih [h^ L_p_f[ncih ch Lc]b[l^ Biie_l* DkdZ& +30,(
BWdi[d& >hWdwe_i PWl_[h( <[com _n f_ <[c[hcmg_* DeklW_d& +3,1(
@kf\[bZ& J[dWjki( > c_ ? ncb e Dib[hh A_lb[l^m6 ? ch <_cnl[a aog P_lmn~h^hcm ^_l fonb_lcm]b_h ? fbce*
:[hb_d& +3*2(
C_hij[& J[_d^WhZ( >[mT_oahcm ^_m A_cmn_m oh^ ^[mT_oahcm ^_l M]blc`n > [m n_mncgihcog Mjclcnom M[h]nc
chn_lhog [fm b_lg_h_oncm]b)jif_gcm]b_l T_hnl[fb_alc``b_cDib[hh A_lb[l^ ch ^_l;om_ch[h^_lm_naoha
g cn Li\_ln <_ff[lgch* ?ejj_d][d& +310(
CdWff[d& EWhi^Wbb E( Noîl Jolcn[hcmg6 Æ =b[jn_l ch nb_ Bcmnils i ` C^_[fcmg* ;^_YW]e& +3-3(
(+$ ? 3 A 2 B B 6 4 D > 5 2 A :2 B B 6 < 6 4 :? > 2 5 2 B
D[kX[& @Wdi( > c_ L_diglÑ{__h ch ^_l ^_onm]b_h fonb_lcm]b_h Ecl]\_ "olT_cn ^_l Ilnbiîrc_* D[_fp_]&
+3,.(
å ( E[fpchcmgom oh^ CGnb_lnog cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l Ilnbiîrc_* Nebkc[ +4 > _lE[g jòg ^c_ B_llm]b[`n
cg jlin_mn[hncm]b_h >_onm]bf[h^* D[_fp_]& +3,2(
D[mWbj[h& =jdij( Mj[hcm]b)d_mocncm]b_oh^ ^_onm]b)fonb_lcm]b_G_n[jbsmce ^_m -3*D[blboh^_lnm* @WcXkh]
+3-/( 9\_d_ZWZ[i \_bei}\_YWi W Z[if[_je ZWi Z_\[h[dwWi Ze]csj_YWi(
DkXWY& @[dh_ Z[( Molh[nol_f* HWh_i& +3.0( 9 h[bWwve [djh[ W dWjkh[pW [ W ]hWwW(
E_[b& BWd( J[m][f [h^ Nb_ifias* :Wbj_ceh[& +303( =d\Wj_pW e W]eij_Wd_ice j[eb}]_Ye Ze f[diW'
c[dje Z[ HWiYWb(
E_bb[h& H[hho( ?ll[h^ chni nb_ Qcf^_lh_mm* ;WcXh_Z][& EWii(& +3/0( ç9 [iizdY_W ZW j[ebe]_W
fkh_jWdWé #f( .2'32$ x e YWf{jkbe Y[djhWb Ze b_lhe(
FkjjWbb& ?[e\\h[o = Nb_ B ifs Mjclcn ch Jolcn[h @[cnb [h^ ?rj_lc_h]_* Gn\ehZ& +3.0(
G ê;edd[bb& EWhl_d J( Nbig[m Mn[jf_nih [h^ nb_ =iohn_l L_ìlg[ncih* F [m @Wl[d& +30.(
G ê;eddeh& =ZmWhZ <[dd_i& [Z( Nb_ >iag[ i ` nb_ Cgg[]of[n_ =ih]_jncih6 B cmnils [h^ Mcahc`c][h]_*
F ejh[ <Wc[& AdZ(& +3/2(
H[b_aWd& BWheibWl( çFWjkhWb L^[ebe]o _d <Wl_Z @ebbWpé( =ih]il^c[ Nb_ifiac][fGihnbfs +2 #+3.1$&
j+ /20*30+
å ( çL^[ Gh_]_di e \ j^[ GX`[Yj'KkX`[Yj 9dj_j^[i_i _d Dkj^[hWd <e]c Wj_Yié( =ih]il^c[ Nb_i)
fiac][fGihnbfs ,+ #+3/*$& f( 3.'+*.(
å ( çL ^[ =lebkj_ed e \ j^[ @_ijeh_YWbé( ;Wf{jkbe , Z[ Bcmnilc][f Nb_ifias6 =ihnchocns [h^ =b[ha_
ch =blcmnc[h >i]nlch_( f( --'01( F [m Qeha& +31+(
H[j[hi[d& H[j[h( A_m]bc]bn_ ^_l[lcmnin_fcm]b_h Jbcfimijbc]cgjlin_mn[hlcm]b_h >_onm]bf[h^*9D[_fp_] +3,+(
HbWjj& Be^d( L_ìlg_^ Nbioabn [h^ M]bif[mnc]cmg6 Nb_ ;laog_hnmì l nb_ ?rcmn_h]_ i ` Ai^ ch >on]b
Nb_ifias( -131)-21,* D[_Z[d& +32,(
Hh[ki& JeX[hj <( Nb_ Chmjcl[ncih i ` M]lcjnol_6 ; Mno^s i ` nb_ Nb_ifias i ` nb_ M_p_hn__hnb =_hnols
Fonb_l[h >iag[nc]c[hm* EWdaWje& E_dd(& +3//(
å ( Nb_ Nb_ifia i ` Jimn)L_ìlg[ncih Fonb_l[hcmg6 ; Mno^s i ` Nb_ifiac][fJlif_aig_h[* KW_dj Dek_i&
+31*(
å ( çL ^[ Ad\bk[dY[ e \ j^[ >ehckbW e \ ;edYehZ ed j^[ DWj[h Dkj^[hWd GhjêZenoé( Ad
>cm]il^( >c[fiao_( [h^ =ih]il^ Mno^c_m ch nb_ cGnb_l[h L_ìlg[ncih$$m @ilgof[ i ` =ih]il^( [Z_jWZe
feh D[m_i O Kf_jp [ O[dp[b De^\\& f( 20'+*+( H^_bWZ[bf^_W& +311(
JWjiYêm& ;Whb @[_dp( Fonb_lcm]b_ >iag[nce mkpcm]b_h L_ìlg[ncih oh^ ;oèf~loha* ?Çj[hibe^&
+30.'&
J_Y^& 9hj^kh( J[m][fm < cf^ pig G_hm]b_h6 ?ch_ Mno^c_ o\_l ^c_ > c[f_ence pih H [nol oh^ Ah[^_ ch
^_hñJ_hmÅ_m * Rkh_Y^& +3/-(
Jkii[bb& ;edhWZ( ç9h]kc[dji \eh J[b_]_eki Md_jo _d =d]bWdZ& +/-*'+0/*ó*Diolh[f i ` ?]]f_mc)
[mnc][fBcmnils +2 #+301$& f( ,*+',0(
JoWd& =( 9( Nb_ Bcmnilc][f M]bif[lmbcj i ` M[chn <_ff[lgch_* F [m Qeha& +3-0(
JoWd& Be^d C( çL ^[ J[fkjWj_ed e \ Kj( LêcWi Wced] =d]b_i^ Hhej[ijWdj L^_da[hi e \ j^[
K[l[dj[[dj^ ;[djkhoé( H _q M]bif[mnc]cmg .. #+3.2$& f( +'--&+,0',*2(
KY^Whb[cWdd& JeX[hj H( Nbig[m ; koch[m [h^ Dibh A_lb[l^* F [m @Wl[d& +30.(
KY^[da[& >h_[Zh_Y^( > _l Ecl]b_ha_^[he_Dib[hh A_lb[l^m oh^ m_ch_l T_cn* ?Çj[hibe^& +3-+(
KY^b[_\\& 9hdebZ( > c_ M_f\mnelcnce ^_l fonb_lcm]b_h Ecl]b_h cg -3* D[blboh^_ln* :[hb_d& +3-1(
å ( çKfhWY^f^_beief^_[ kdZ Adif_hWj_edij^[eh_[ _c <[da[d Z[i +1( BW^h^kdZ[hji ( T_cnm]blc`n
ò l Ecl]b_ha_m]bc]bn_ /1 #+3-2$& f( +--'/,(
KY^c_Z& @[_dh_Y^( Nb_ >i]nlch[ffb_ifias i ` nb_ CGnb_l[h =bol]b* LhWZkp_Ze feh ;^Whb[i 9k]kijki
@Wo [ @[dho =oij[h BWYeXi( =Z_wve h[_cfh[iiW( E_dd[Wfeb_i& S+30+T(
I \ l[ m m_] o h ^ { lc[ m m_ f_]ci h [ ^ [ m ### A!
KY^hYda& ?ejjbeX( Aiff_ml_c]b oh^<oh^ cg [fn_l_h Jlin_mn[hncmgi( pig_bgfc]e \_cDib[hh_m =i]]_dom*

?Çj[hibe^& +3,-( G b_lhe Z[ KY^h[da [iYbWh[Y[k ck_je ei fh_c}hZ_Wi ZW ^_ij}h_W ZW j[ebe]_W
ZW Wb_WdwW(
KY^Çiib[h& @[hcWdd( ñA_ila = [fcrn( Nb_ifiac_ ohÊcl]b_hjifcfce6 ? ch_ Mno^c_ MKnlI eog_hcm`n[n ^_m
cGn\_lnogm* O_[iXWZ[d& +30+(
KY^m[_jp[h& 9bX[hj( Nb_ K o_mn i ` nb_ Bcmnilc][fD_mom6Æ =lcnc][f Mno^s i ` Cnm Jlial_mm`lig L_cg[lom
ni Ql_^_* LhWZkp_Ze feh O Eedj]ec[ho( =Z_wve h[_cfh[iiW( F [m Qeha& +30+(
K[hl_yh[& Bei[f^ Z[ bW( F [ nbÅifiac_ ^_ <_ff[lgch* ,W [Z( HWh_i& +3*3(
Kfhkd][h& C[_j^ D( Nb_ C _[lh_^ >i]nil Qcffc[g ;g_m6 >on]b <[]ealioh^m i ` ?hafcmb [h^ ;g_lc][h
Jolcn[hcmg* MhXWdW& +++(& +31,(
KjW[^[b_d& =hdij( ;g[hôm Jif[hom pih Jif[hmîl`* :Wi[b& +3//(
Kj[]c__bb[h& >h_[Zh_Y^( T o l Ah[^_hf_bl_ ^_mòha_h Mo[l_6∑* >h[_Xkh]& +3--(
å ( A_m]bc]bf_ ^_m Gifchcmgom* EÇdij[h& +3-/(
LWlWhZ& ?[eh][ @( Bifs Q lcn il Bifs =bol]b6 Nb_ =lcmcm i ` nb_ Jlin_mn[hn L_ìlg[ncih* F[m
Qeha& +3/3(
LêcWi_ki& ?ejj\h_[Z( ç?[iY^_Y^jY ZYh bkj^[h_iY^[d ;^h_ijebe]_[é( Ad =blcmnc J_lmih oh^ Q_le(
,4-*1'/,0( ,ù [Z( =hbWd][d& +2/1(
Lhe[bjiY^& =hdij( P_lhoh`n oh^ I``_h\[loha \_c Dib[hh A_lb[l^ oh^ G_f[h]bnbih* ?ejj_d][d&
+23+( =iiW cede]hW\_W Z[ Lhe[bjiY^ _dWk]khek dve i} ikW fh}fh_W YWhh[_hW WYWZzc_YW&
cWi jWcXxc kc dele _dj[h[ii[ dW j[ebe]_W Ze ixYkbe PNAA(
OWbbcWdd& Be^Wdd[i( > _l Nb_ifiac_b_alc``b_cDib[hh A_lb[l^ oh^ A_ila = [fcrn* LÇX_d][d& +30+(
O[X[h& @Wdi =c_b( >c_jbcfimijbcm]b_ M]bif[mnce ^_m ^_onm]b_h Jlin_mn[hncmgom cg T_cn[fn_l ^_l Il)
nbiîrc_* D[_fp_]& +3*1(
å ( > _l ?ch`fommm ^_ljlin_mn[hncm]b_h M]bofjbcfimijbc_ [ o ` ^c_ ilnbiîr)fonb_lcm]b_ >iag[nce* D[_fp_]
+3*2(
å ( L_ìlg[ncih( Ilnbiîrc_( oh^L[ncih[fcmgom* , lebi( [c -( ?Çj[hibe^& +3-1'/+( Ad\[b_pc[dj[&
[iiW eXhW \_Yek _dWYWXWZW(
!
< fcmn_l H ] B l[ nb
3-212./,
mcmn_g |nc][) b cmná lc][ _ `cfimá`c][
F_pch E+ Q[hbiit_l
H ECEAB "FGBD BG
CKIMN!IBHEJKHANCNDCHFCGLKJEBA
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A Tradição Cristã - Jaroslav Pelikan Vol. 4

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USO EXCLUSIVO DO CANAL GOSPEL BOOK

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