2020 Matriculation Examination

Sample Question 1
MATHEMATICS: Time allowed: 3 hours
WRITE YOUR ANSWERS IN THE ANSWER BOOKLET.
SECTION (A)
(Answer ALL questions.)

1.(a) The function f and g are defined for real numbers of x ≥ 1 by f (x) = ax − b and
2x + 1 3 1
g(x) = . Find the values of a and b for which (g ◦ f ) (1) = and (f ◦ g) (3) = .
3x − 1 2 2
(3 marks)

(b) What number should be added to 2x3 − 3x2 − 8x so that the resulting polynomial leaves
the remainder 10 when divided by 2x + 1? (3 marks)
 n
1
2.(a) In the binomial expansion of 1 − , the sum of the second term and third term is zero.
10
Find the value of n. (3 marks)
√ √ √
(b) How many terms of the series 3 + 3 + 3 3 + ... gives the sum 39 + 13 3? (3 marks)
!
x2 8
3.(a) If the matrix is a singular, find the possible values of x. (3 marks)
3 x2 + 2

(b) A box contains 3 white, 5 red and some blue balls. If a ball is chosen at random from the
1
box, the probability that it will be red is . Find the number of blue balls in the box.
3
(3 marks)

4.(a) In the figure, ∠ABC = 30◦ , AB = BC and AD is a tangent. Find ∠BDA. (3 marks)

(b) Given that p⃗ = 3 î + 15 ĵ and ⃗q = î − 6 ĵ find the unit vector whose direction is opposite
to 2⃗p + ⃗q. (3 marks)

5.(a) If α + β + γ = 90◦ , prove that tan α tan β + tan β tan γ + tan γ tan α = 1 (3 marks)
√
x−3 t−t t
(b) Calculate lim √ √ and lim 3 . (3 marks)
x→3 3 x − 3 3 t→∞ 2t 2 + 3t − 5

Page | 1
 SECTION (B)
(Answer any FOUR questions.)

6.(a) The function h is defined by h : x 7→ ax + b, a 6= −1, for the domain 0 ≤ x ≤ 5. Given

the graph of y = h(x) passes through the point (8, 5) and the graphs of y = h(x) and
y = h−1 (x) intersect at the point whose x coordinate is 3. Find the value of a and of b. (5
marks)

(b) The expression x3 + 8x2 + px − 25 leaves a remainder of R when divided by x − 1 and a

remainder of −R when divided by x + 2. Find the value of p. Hence find the remainder
when the expression is divided by x + 3. (5 marks)
x2 + y 2
7.(a) Let  be the binary operation on R defined by x  y = − xy for all x, y ∈ R. Prove
2
that  is commutative but not associative. (5 marks)

(b) Show that the sum of the coefficients of rth term and (r + 1)th term in the expansion of
(1 + x)n−1 is equal to the coefficient of (r + 1)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)n .
(5 marks)
1
8.(a) Find the solution set in R for the inequation (x + 1)2 < x + 4 and illustrate it on the
4
number line. (5 marks)

(b) If S1 , S2 , S3 be sums to n, 2n, 3n terms of an arithmetic progression, Show that

S3 = 3(S2 − S1 ). (5 marks)

9.(a) The sum of three consecutive terms of a G.P. is 21 and the sum of their squares is 189. Find
the numbers. (5 marks)
√ ! !
3 3 2 2 −1 2
(b) If A = and B = , verify that (A + B)′ = A′ + B ′ and
4 2 0 1 2 4
′ ′
(kB) = kB , where k is a real number. (5 marks)
!
−5 2
10.(a) Find the inverse of the matrix and hence determine the coordinates of the
3 −7
point of intersection of the lines

2x − 5y = 8,
3y − 7x = 1.

(5 marks)

(b) There are n balls in a bag. 6 of the balls are black and all the rest are white. Zaw Thura
picks one ball at random from the bag and does not replace it. He picks a second ball
1
at random from the bag. The probability that he will pick 2 white balls is . Show that
2
n2 − 25n + 84 = 0 and find the total number of balls in the bag. (5 marks)

Page | 2
 SECTION (C)
(Answer any THREE questions.)

11.(a) P T is a tangent and P QR is a secant to a circle. A circle with T as centre and radius T Q
meets QR again at S. Prove that ∠RT S = ∠RP T . (5 marks)

(b) In a given circle, P A is a tangent segment and P BC is a secant segment. Prove that
AB 2 PB
2
= . (5 marks)
CA PC

12.(a) Two circles P and Q intersect at A and D. A line BDC is drawn to cut the circle P at B
and the circle Q at C. If AP DQ is a cyclic quadrilateral, prove that BC 2 = AB 2 + AC 2 .
(5 marks)
x−8
(b) In 4ABC, AB = x, BC = x + 2, AC = x − 2 where x > 4, prove that cos A = .
2(x − 2)
Find the integral values of x for which A is obtuse. (5 marks)

13.(a) A town P is 50 miles away from a town Q in the direction N 35◦ E and a town R is 68 miles
from Q in the direction N 42◦ 12′ W . Calculate the distance and bearing of P from R.
(5 marks)

(b) Find the coordinates of point or points on the curve y = x4 − 2x2 + 3 at which the curve
has horizontal tangent(s). (5 marks)

14.(a) If P is the midpoint of the side CD of the parallelogram ABCD, prove by a vector method
1
that DQ = DB. (5 marks)
3

dy
(b) Given that y = 3x3 − 7x2 + 8, find the value of at the point (2, 4). Hence, find the
dx
approximate increase in x which will cause y to increase from 4 to 4.04.
(5 marks)

Page | 3
 2020 Matriculation Examination
Sample Question 1
Solutions
SECTION (A)

1.(a) The function f and g are defined for real numbers of x ≥ 1 by f (x) = ax − b and
2x + 1 3 1
g(x) = . Find the values of a and b for which (g ◦ f ) (1) = and (f ◦ g) (3) = .
3x − 1 2 2
(3 marks)
Solution
f (x) = ax − b
2x + 1
g(x) = ,x > 1
3x − 1
3
(g ◦ f ) (1) =
2
3
g(f (1)) =
2
3
g(a − b) =
2
2(a − b) + 1 3
=
3(a − b) − 1 2
4(a − b) + 2 = 9(a − b) − 3

5(a − b) = 5

a − b = 1 − − − −(1)
1
(f ◦ g) (3) =
2
1
f (g(3)) =
 2
2(3) + 1 1
f =
 −1
 3(3) 2
7 1
f =
8 2
7a 1
−b=
8 2
7a − 8b = 4 − − − −(2)

(1) × 7 ⇒ 7a − 7b = 7

(2) × 1 ⇒ 7a − 8b = 4
b=3

a−3=1

a=4

Page | 4
1.(b) What number should be added to 2x3 − 3x2 − 8x so that the resulting polynomial leaves
the remainder 10 when divided by 2x + 1? (3 marks)
Solution

Let f (x) = 2x3 − 3x2 − 8x.

Let the required number to add to f (x) be p.
Hence the resulting polynomial is 2x3 − 3x2 − 8x + p.
Let g(x) = 2x3 − 3x2 − 8x + p.
By the problem,
g(x)leaves the remainder 10 when divided by 2x + 1.
1
∴g − = 10
 2
1
g − =0
2
 3  2  
1 1 1
2 − −3 − −8 − + p = 10
 2  2  2
1 1 1
2 − −3 −8 − + p = 10
8 4 2
1 3
− − + 4 + p = 10
4 4
∴p=7

 n
1
2.(a) In the binomial expansion of 1 − , the sum of the second term and third term is
10
zero. Find the value of n. (3 marks)
Solution
 n    2
1 1 1
1− n n n
= C0 (1) + C1 (1) n−1
− n
+ C2 (1)n−2
− + ...
10   10 10
1 n(n − 1) 1
=1+n − + + ...
10 1 × 2 100
n n(n − 1)
=1− + + ...
10 200
By the problem,
n n(n − 1)
− + =0
10 200
−20n + n(n − 1) = 0

n(n − 21) = 0
Sincen n 6= 0, n − 21 = 0
∴ n = 21

Page | 5
 √ √ √
2.(b) How many terms of the series 3 + 3 + 3 3 + ... gives the sum 39 + 13 3? (3 marks)

Solution
√ √
3 + 3 + 3 3 + ...
√
3 √ 3 3
Since √ = 3 and = 3,
3 3
the series has a common ratio.

Therefore, given terms are in G.P.

√ √ √
∴ a = 3, r = 3 and Sn = 39 + 13 3.
√
Sn = 39 + 13 3
a (rn − 1) √
∴ = 39 + 13 3
r−1
√  √
n 
3 3 −1 √ √ 
∴ √ = 13 3 3+1
 3−1 
√ √
n √ √
√

∴ 3 3 − 1 = 13 3 3 + 1 3−1
√
n
∴ 3 − 1 = 13 (3 − 1)
√
n
∴ 3 = 27
√
n √
6
∴ 3 = 3

∴ n=6
!
x2 8
3.(a) If the matrix is a singular, find the possible values of x. (3 marks)
3 x2 + 2
Solution
!
x2 8
Let A =
3 x2 + 2
Since A is singular, det A = 0.
x2 (x2 + 2) − 24 = 0

x4 + 2x2 − 24 = 0

(x2 + 6)(x2 − 4) = 0
Since (x2 + 6) 6= 0,
(x2 − 4) = 0

∴ x2 = 4

∴ x = ±2

Page | 6
3.(b) A box contains 3 white, 5 red and some blue balls. If a ball is chosen at random from the
1
box, the probability that it will be red is . Find the number of blue balls in the box.
3
(3 marks)
Solution

Number of white balls = 3

Number of red balls = 5

Let the number of blue balls = n

Total number of balls = 3 + 5 + n

1
P (Choosing a red ball) =
3
5 1
=
3+5+n 3
3 + 5 + n = 15

∴n=7

Hence there are 7 blue balls in the box.

4.(a) In the figure, ∠ABC = 30◦ , AB = BC and AD is a tangent. Find ∠BDA. (3 marks)

Solution

∠ABC = 30◦ and AB = BC (given)

1
∴ α = γ = (180◦ − 30◦ ) = 75◦
2
◦
θ = γ = 75 (∠ between tangent and chord = ∠ in alternate segment)

Since θ = ∠ABC + ∠BDA,

75◦ = 30◦ + ∠BDA

∴ ∠BDA = 45◦

Page | 7
4.(b) Given that p⃗ = 3 î + 15 ĵ and ⃗q = î − 6 ĵ find the unit vector whose direction is opposite
to 2⃗p + ⃗q. (3 marks)
Solution
p⃗ = 3î + 15ĵ

⃗q = î − 6ĵ

Let ⃗r = 2⃗p + ⃗q.

∴ ⃗r = 2(3î + 15ĵ) + î − 6ĵ

= 7î − 24ĵ
√
∴ |⃗r| = 72 + 242
√
= 49 + 576
√
= 625

= 25

∴ the unit vector whose direction is opposite to 2⃗p + ⃗q = −r̂

1   7 24
∴ −r̂ = − 7î − 24ĵ = − î + ĵ
25 25 25

5.(a) If α + β + γ = 90◦ , prove that tan α tan β + tan β tan γ + tan γ tan α = 1 (3 marks)
Solution
α + β + γ = 90◦

α + β = 90◦ − γ

tan(α + β) = tan(90◦ − γ)

tan α + tan β
= cot γ
1 − tan α tan β
tan α + tan β 1
=
1 − tan α tan β tan γ
tan α tan γ + tan β tan γ = 1 − tan α tan β

∴ tan α tan β + anα tan γ + tan β tan γ = 1

√
x−3 t−t t
5.(b) Calculate lim √ √ and lim 3 . (3 marks)
x→3 3 x − 3 3 t→∞ 2t 2 + 3t − 5
Solution
x−3
lim √ √
x→3 3
x− 33
√ 3 √
3
( 3 x) − 3 3
= lim √ √
x→3 3
x− 33

Page | 8
 √ √
h √ 2 √ √ √
2 i
3
x − 3 ( x) + x · 3 +
3 3 3 3 3
3
= lim √ √
x→3 3
x− 33
h √ √ √ √
2 i
2
= lim ( x) + x · 3 +
3 3 3 3
3
x→3
√
2 √ √ √
2
= 33 + 33· 33+ 33
√
2
= 3 33
5
= 33
√
t−t t
lim 3
t→∞ 2t 2 + 3t −√5
t−t t
= lim √
t→∞ 2t t + 3t − 5
 
√ 1
t t √ −1
 t 
= lim
t→∞ √ 3 5
t t 2+ √ − √
t t t
1
√ −1
t
= lim
t→∞ 3 5
2+ √ − √
t t t
0−1
=
2+0−0
1
= −
2

SECTION (B)

6.(a) The function h is defined by h : x 7→ ax + b, a 6= −1, for the domain 0 ≤ x ≤ 5. Given

the graph of y = h(x) passes through the point (8, 5) and the graphs of y = h(x) and
y = h−1 (x) intersect at the point whose x coordinate is 3. Find the value of a and of b. (5
marks)

Solution

h(x) = ax + b, a 6= −1,

Domain = 0 ≤ x ≤ 5

Since y = h(x) passes through the point (8, 5),

x = 8, y = h(x) = 5

∴ 8a + b = 5

∴ b = 5 − 8a

y = h(x) and y = h−1 (x) interest at the point whose x coordinate is 3.

∴ h(3) = h−1 (3)

Page | 9
 h (h (3)) = 3

h (3a + b) = 3

a (3a + b) + b = 3

3a2 + b (a + 1) = 3

3a2 + (5 − 8a) (a + 1) = 3

5a2 + 3a − 2 = 0

(5a − 2)(a + 1) = 0
2
∴a= or a = −1(reject)
5  
2 9
∴b= 5−8 =
5 5

6.(b) The expression x3 + 8x2 + px − 25 leaves a remainder of R when divided by x − 1 and a

remainder of −R when divided by x + 2. Find the value of p. Hence find the remainder
when the expression is divided by x + 3. (5 marks)

Solution
Let f (x) = x3 + 8x2 + px − 25

Since f (x) leaves a remainder of R when divided by x − 1,

f (1) = R

(1)3 + 8(1)2 + p(1) − 25 = R

1 + 8 + p − 25 = R

p − 16 = R

Since f (x) leaves a remainder of − R when divided by x + 2,

f (−2) = −R

(−2)3 + 8(−2)2 + p(−2) − 25 = −R

−8 + 32 − 2p − 25 = − (p − 16)

−2p − 1 = −p + 16

p = −17

∴ f (x) = x3 + 8x2 − 17x − 25

Page | 10
 x2 + y 2
7.(a) Let  be the binary operation on R defined by x  y = − xy for all x, y ∈ R.
2
Prove that  is commutative but not associative. (5 marks)
Solution
x2 + y 2
xy = − xy for all x, y ∈ R
2
y 2 + x2
∴yx= − yx
2
x2 + y 2
∴yx= − xy
2
∴xy =yx

∴  is commutative.
22 + 42
24= − 2(4)
2
= 10 − 8

=2

(2  4)  6 = 2  6
22 + 62
= − 2(6)
2
= 20 − 12

=8
42 + 62
46= − 4(6)
2
= 26 − 24

=2

2  (4  6) = 2  2
22 + 22
= − 2(2)
2
=4−4

=0

∴ (2  4)  6 6= 2  (4  6)

∴  is not associative.

Page | 11
7.(b) Show that the sum of the coefficients of rth term and (r + 1)th term in the expansion of
(1 + x)n−1 is equal to the coefficient of (r + 1)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)n .
(5 marks)
Solution
(r + 1)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)n−1 = n−1
C r xr

rth term in the expansion of (1 + x)n−1 = n−1

Cr−1 xr−1
(n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1)(n − r)
∴ coefficient of (r + 1)th term = n−1
Cr =
1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1)r
(n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1)
∴ coefficient of rth term = n−1
Cr−1 =
1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1)
n−1 a
Let Cr−1 =
b
(n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1) a
∴ =
1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1) b
(n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1) (n − r) a(n − r)
∴ n−1 Cr = =
1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1) r br
a(n − r) a an − ar + br an
∴ n−1 Cr + n−1 Cr−1 = + = =
br b br br
(r + 1)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)n = n
C r xr

∴ coefficient of (r + 1)th term = n

Cr
n(n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1)
=
1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1)r
n (n − 1)(n − 2)...(n − r + 2)(n − r + 1)
= ×
r 1 × 2 × 3 × ...(r − 2)(r − 1)
n a
= ×
r b
an
=
br
∴ n−1 Cr + n−1 Cr−1 = n Cr

1
8.(a) Find the solution set in R for the inequation (x + 1)2 < x + 4 and illustrate it on the
4
number line. (5 marks)
Solution
1
(x + 1)2 < x + 4
4
(x + 1)2 < 4x + 16
x2 + 2x + 1 < 4x + 16
x2 − 2x − 15 < 0
Let y = x2 − 2x − 15
When x = 0, y = −15
∴ The graph cuts the y-axis at (0, − 15).

Page | 12
 When y = 0, x2 − 2x − 15 = 0

(x + 3)(x − 5) = 0

∴ x = −3 or x = 5

∴ The graph cuts the x-axis at ( − 3, 0) and (5, 0).

∴ Solution set = {x| − 3 < x < 5}

Number Line

8.(b) If S1 , S2 , S3 be sums to n, 2n, 3n terms of an arithmetic progression, Show that

S3 = 3(S2 − S1 ). (5 marks)
Solution

Let the first term be a and the common difference be d.

n
S1 = Sn = {2a + (n − 1) d}
2
2n
S2 = S2n = {2a + (2n − 1) d}
2
3n
S3 = S3n = {2a + (3n − 1) d}
2
2n n
∴ S2 − S1 = {2a + (2n − 1) d} − {2a + (n − 1) d}
2 2
n n
∴ S2 − S1 = {4a + (2n − 1) (2d)} − {2a + (n − 1) d}
2 2
Page | 13
 n
∴ S2 − S1 = {4a + 4nd − 2d − 2a − nd + d}
2
n
∴ S2 − S1 = {2a + 3nd − d}
2
n
∴ S2 − S1 = {2a + (3n − 1) d}
2
3n
∴ S2 − S1 = {2a + (3n − 1) d}
2
∴ S2 − S1 = S3

9.(a) The sum of three consecutive terms of a G.P. is 21 and the sum of their squares is 189.
Find the numbers. (5 marks)
Solution
x
Let the three consecutive terms be , x, xr.
r
x
∴ + x + xr = 21
r
x
∴ + x = 21 − x
r
Squaring both sides,
x 2
+ x = (21 − x)2
r
 x 2
+ 2x2 + (xr)2 = 441 − 42x + x2
r
 x 2
∴ + x2 + (xr)2 = 441 − 42x
r
By the problem,
 x 2
+ x2 + (xr)2 = 189
r
∴ 441 − 42x = 189

42x = 252

x=6
6
∴ + 6 + 6r = 21
r
6
+ 6r = 15
r
6 + 6r2 = 15r

6r2 − 15r + 6 = 0

2r2 − 5r + 2 = 0

(2r − 1) (r − 2) = 0
1
∴ r= or r = 2
2
1
When r = and x = 6, the numbers are 12, 6, and 3.
2
When r = 2 and x = 6, the numbers are 3, 6, and 12.

Page | 14
 √ ! !
3 3 2 2 −1 2
9.(b) If A = and B = , verify that (A + B)′ = A′ + B ′ and
4 2 0 1 2 4
′ ′
(kB) = kB , where k is a real number. (5 marks)
Solution
 √   
3 3 2 2 −1 2
A= , B =  
4 2 0 1 2 4
 √   
3 3 2 2 −1 2
A+B = + 
4 2 0 1 2 4
 √ 
3+2 3−1 2+2
= 
4+1 2+2 0+4
 √ 
5 3−1 4
= 
5 4 4
 
5 5
 
 √ 
(A + B) = 
′
 3 − 1 4 

 
4 4
   
3 4 2 1
   
 √   
A′ = 
 3 2  ′ 
 , B =  −1 2


   
2 0 2 4
     
3 4 2 1 5 5
     
 √     √ 
A′ + B ′ =  3 2  
 +  −1 2
=
  3−1 4 

     
2 0 2 4 4 4
∴ (A + B)′ = A′ + B ′
   
2 −1 2 2k −k 2k
kB = k  = 
1 2 4 k 2k 4k
 
2k k
 
 
(kB) = 
′
 −k 2k 

 
2k 4k
   
2 1 2k k
   
   
kB ′ = k 
 −1 2  =  −k 2k
 


   
2 4 2k 4k
∴ (kB)′ = kB ′

Page | 15
 !
−5 2
10.(a) Find the inverse of the matrix and hence determine the coordinates of the
3 −7
point of intersection of the lines 2x − 5y = 8, 3y − 7x = 1. (5 marks)
Solution
 
−5 2
Let A =  
3 −7
det A = 35 − 6 = 29 6= 0

∴ A−1 exists.
 
1  −7 −2
∴ A−1 = 
29 −3 −5
2x − 5y = 8

3y − 7x = 1

Changing order we get,


−5y + 2x = 8 
− − − − − − − (1)

3y − 7x = 1
Transforming into matrix form,
    
−5 2 y 8
    =   − − − (2)
3 −7 x 1
   
y 8
Let X =   and B =   , then
x 1
AX = B

∴ A−1 AX = A−1 B

IX = A−1 B

X = A−1 B
    
y 1  −7 −2 8
∴   =  
x 29 −3 −5 1
   
y −56 − 2
  = 1  
x 29 −24 − 5
     
y −58 −2
  = 1  = 
x 29 −29 −1
∴ (x, y) = (−1, −2)

Page | 16
10.(b) There are n balls in a bag. 6 of the balls are black and all the rest are white. Zaw Thura
picks one ball at random from the bag and does not replace it. He picks a second ball
1
at random from the bag. The probability that he will pick 2 white balls is . Show that
2
n2 − 25n + 84 = 0 and find the total number of balls in the bag. (5 marks)
Solution

Total number of balls = n

Number of black balls = 6

∴ Number of white balls = n − 6

1
P (getting 2 white balls) =
2
n−6 n−7 1
∴ × =
n n−1 2
n − 13n + 42
2
1
=
n −n
2 2
2n2 − 26n + 84 = n2 − n

∴ n2 − 25n + 84 = 0 ⇐ (proved)

(n − 21) (n − 4) = 0

n = 21 or n = 4

Since n > 6, n = 4 is impossible.

∴ n = 21

∴ There is 21 balls in the bag.

SECTION (C)

11.(a) P T is a tangent and P QR is a secant to a circle. A circle with T as centre and radius T Q
meets QR again at S. Prove that ∠RT S = ∠RP T . (5 marks)
Solution

Page | 17
 Proof: In ∆P T Q, α = γ + ∠RP T (exterior ∠ of ∆ = sum of opposite interior ∠s)

In ∆P T Q, β = ∠R + ∠RT S (exterior ∠ of ∆ = sum of opposite int erior ∠s)

Since T Q and T S are radii of  T,

TQ = TS

∴α=β

∴ γ + ∠RP T = ∠R + ∠RT S

Since γ = ∠RT S, (∠ between tangent and chord = ∠ in alternate segments)

∠RT S = ∠RP T

11.(b) In a given circle, P A is a tangent segment and P BC is a secant segment. Prove that
AB 2 PB
2
= . (5 marks)
CA PC

Solution
Proof: In ∆P AB and ∆P CA,

α=γ (∠ between tangent and chord = ∠ in alternate segments)

∠P = ∠P (common ∠)

∴ ∆P AB ∼ ∆P CA (AA corollary.)
α(∆P AB) AB 2
∴ = − − − − − − − − − −(1)
α(∆P CA) CA2
Draw AD⊥P C,

∴ ∆P AB and ∆P CA have the same altitude AD.

α(∆P AB) PB
∴ = − − − − − − − − − −(2)
α(∆P CA) PC
By (1) and (2),
AB 2 PB
2
=
CA PC

Page | 18
12.(a) Two circles P and Q intersect at A and D. A line BDC is drawn to cut the circle P at B
and the circle Q at C. If AP DQ is a cyclic quadrilateral, prove that BC 2 = AB 2 + AC 2 .
(5 marks)
Solution

Proof: Since AP DQ is a cyclic quadrilateral,

∠P + ∠Q = 180◦ (sum of interior opposite ∠s of cyclic quadrilateral)

But ∠P = 2∠B and ∠Q = 2∠C.

∴ 2∠B + 2∠C = 180◦

∴ ∠B + ∠C = 90◦

∴ ∠BAC = 90◦

∴ ∆BAC is a right triangle.

∴ BC 2 = AB 2 + AC 2
x−8
12.(b) In 4ABC, AB = x, BC = x + 2, AC = x − 2 where x > 4, prove that cos A = .
2(x − 2)
Find the integral values of x for which A is obtuse. (5 marks)
Solution
AB = x, BC = x + 2, AC = x − 2, x > 4 Since A is obtuse,

By the law of cosines, cos A < 0

x−8
AB 2 + AC 2 − BC 2 2(x − 2)
<0
cos A =
2 · AB · AC x−8
<0
x + (x − 2)2 − (x + 2)2
2
x−2
=
2 · x · (x − 2) Since x > 4, x − 2 > 2.
x + x2 − 4x + 4 − x2 − 4x + 4
2
= ∴x−8<0⇒x<8
2 · x · (x − 2)
x − 8x
2 ∴4<x<8
=
2 · x · (x − 2) ∴ The integral values of x between
x−8
=
2(x − 2) 4 and 8 are 5, 6 and 7.

Page | 19
13.(a) A town P is 50 miles away from a town Q in the direction N 35◦ E and a town R is 68 miles
from Q in the direction N 42◦ 12′ W . Calculate the distance and bearing of P from R.
(5 marks)
Solution

P Q = 50 mi, QR = 68 mi
P Q = 50 mi, QR = 68 mi
◦ ◦ ◦
∠P QR = 35 + 42 12′ = 77 12′
No Log
By the law of cosines,
6800 3.8325
P R2 = P Q2 + QR2 − 2 · P Q · QR cos Q
◦
P R2 = 502 + 682 − 2(50)(68) cos 77 12′ cos 77◦ 12′ 1.3455
◦
P R2 = 2500 + 4624 − 6800 cos 77 12′ 1507 3.1780

P R2 = 7124 − 1507

P R = 74.95 mi

No Log
P R2 + QR2 − P Q2
cos γ =
2(P R)(QR) 7741 3.8888
5617 + 4624 − 2500
cos γ =
2(74.95)(68) 74.95 1.8748
7741
cos γ = 136 2.1335
74.95 × 136
◦
cos γ = cos 40 35′ 4.0083
◦
γ = 40 35′ cos 40◦ 35′ 1.8805

13.(b) Find the coordinates of point or points on the curve y = x4 − 2x2 + 3 at which the curve
has horizontal tangent(s). (5 marks)
Solution
Curve: y = x4 − 2x2 + 3
dy x = −1 ⇒ y = (−1)4 − 2(−1)2 + 3 = 2
= 4x3 − 4x
dx x = 0 ⇒ y = (0)4 − 2(0)2 + 3 = 3
= 4x(x2 − 1)
= 4x(x + 1)(x − 1) x = 1 ⇒ y = (1)4 − 2(1)2 + 3 = 2
The curve has horizontal tangents when The points on the curve y = x4 − 2x2 + 3
dy
=0 at which the curve has horizontal tangents are
dx
4x(x + 1)(x − 1) = 0
(−1, 3), (0, 3) and (1, 2).
x = 0 or x = −1 or x = 1

Page | 20
14.(a) If P is the midpoint of the side CD of the parallelogram ABCD, prove by a vector
1
method that DQ = DB. (5 marks)
3
Solution
−→ −−→
Let AB = ⃗a and AD = ⃗b
−−→ −→ 1
∴ DP = P C = ⃗a
2
−→ −−→ −−→ ⃗ 1
AP = AD + DP = b + ⃗a
2
−−→ −→ −−→ ⃗
DB = AB − AD = b − ⃗a

Since A, Q, P are collinear, assume that

−→ −→
AQ = hAP .
 
−→ 1 h
∴ AQ = h ⃗b + ⃗a = h⃗b + ⃗a
2 2
Similarly D, Q, B are collinear, assume that
−−→ −−→
DQ = k DB
−→ −−→ −−→
∴ AQ − AD = k DB
h
h⃗b + ⃗a − ⃗b = k⃗b − k⃗a
2
h
⃗a + (h − 1)⃗b = k⃗b − k⃗a
2
h
∴k= and h − 1 = −k
2
∴ 2k = h and 2k − 1 = −k
1
∴ 3k = 1 ⇒
3
−−→ 1 −−→
∴ DQ = DB
3
1
∴ DQ = DB
3
dy
14.(b) Given that y = 3x3 − 7x2 + 8, find the value of at the point (2, 4). Hence, find the
dx
approximate increase in x which will cause y to increase from 4 to 4.04.
(5 marks)
Solution
y = 3x3 − 7x2 + 8 
dy 
δy = δx
dy
= 9x − 14x dx (2,4)
dx 
0.04 ' 8δx
dy 
= 9(2) − 14(2) = 8
dx (2,4) δx ' 0.05
Let y0 = 4 and y1 = 4.04
∴ x is approximately increased by 0.05.
∴ δy = y1 − y0 = 0.04

Page | 21