The main Allied The main Axis

Great Britain Germany

The United States Japan

China Italy

Soviet Union

Japan was at war with America therefore Americans were enemies to Japanese. It provides
e d f a d c f c be ee a a d e a
brotherhood. It depicts the dilemma of Dr. Sadao - to save the Life of American prisoner of
war as a doctor or to hand him over to the police as a responsible citizen of Japan when the
prisoner of war was washed ashore in a dying state at the doorstep of Dr. Sadao. It analyses
the natural reactions of the servants to the decision of Dr. Sadao to provide shelter to the
enemy soldier during the war period. Hana rises to the occasion to make the situation normal.

Analyze the feelings of a common man towards his friend and an enemy in the state of need.
Put the expressions in the appropriate box from the given list.

establishes empathy, wants to take revenge, feels sorry, feels happy, becomes sympathetic,
wants to help, wants to make fun of, hates, becomes negative, criticizes, comes up with new
ideas to help

Feelings towards the friends Feelings towards the enemy

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
 ACTIVITY-1

Listen to the audio text ( a e 24 37 D . Sada H e a b a f e

Japanese coast where as a little boy he had f e a ed T e e a ca de a d
a, S e ada . )
While listening to the track follow the text-book to ensure the pace of reading with the correct
pronunciation.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XXwxMXHpDHlQlzmdsAzCSzmunkddk-
UG/view?usp=drivesdk
https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?levt1=4-8

D . Sada H e, Fa i Backg d a d Ed ca i

His house at the sea Childhood days of Learning in America Importance of his
coast Dr. Sadao and his working ethics and
father's chief culture
concern
Beginning Sadao was an In order to obtain quality Before his
obedient son. education in medicine and father died
Away from He did surgery, he was sent to Sadao
the material whatever his America. became
world father said. He was 22 years old. famous not
Sada He spent eight years only as a
In the lap of education was there. surgeon but
the nature his father's He got mastery over as a scientist.
chief concern. /exceled in surgery and
Free form He was born medicine. He was good
social and brought He met Hana at Professor at rendering
restriction up in a Ha e e. wounds
traditional He had waited to fall in entirely
His father Japanese love with her until he was clean.
a d, T e family. sure she was Japanese.
 islands His father The professor and his He was
yonder always took wife were kind-hearted perfecting a
(there), they him to the and wanted to help their discovery
are the islands and foreign students. which would
stepping motivated him His wife was voluble render
stones to the by saying that (talks a lot and with wounds
future for they were the enthusiasm about the entirely
Ja a . stepping subject). clean,
Aspiring to stones to the W e Sada fa e a therefore he
connect the future for Hana and gave his was not sent
world of Japan. consent the marriage was abroad with
universal arranged in the old the troops.
brotherhood Japanese way.
His father General
asked who Takima was
could limit an old man
their future. and needed
urgent
medical help
at any time.
For this
reason, Dr.
Sadao was
kept in
Japan.

ACTIVITY-2
Based on above summary of the story, select the point from the given list for the appropriate
place/thought/character and the thematic element.

A. Period of World war

B. The stepping stones to the future for Japan
C. Sada fe a d b e ba d
 D. Center for cross- cultural understanding, Dr. Sadao met Hana first time
E. Vertical thinking vs. lateral thinking
F. Pure Japanese, traditional, conservative believes in social hierarchy
G. H ,e e e a d Ge e a de endency
H. In Japan
I. On the Japanese sea coast
J. His education
Sr. No. Character/place/thought/factor Interpretation
1 Setting of the story

2 Time

3 D c Sada e

4 Father's concern

5 The Islands

6 Hana

7 P f. Ha e e America

8 Sadao as a doctor

9 Way of life

10 Way of thinking

Prisoner of War Washed ashore in a Dying State

He was washed ashore in a dying state and found at the doorstep of a Japanese doctor. Sadao
and Hana went for evening walk at the shore. It was at this moment they saw something black
coming out of the mists. It was a man. He was thrown up out of the ocean with force. He was
moving and unsteadily on his feet. Ha a c ed, W a ? The man was on his hands and
knees crawling. Then they saw him fall on his face and lie there. Sada a d, A f e a
e a a ed f b a . He was wounded. He lay motionless; his face was in the
sand.
He was in wet rags of garments. Sadao turned the man's head. They saw the face. It was a
white man. He was unconscious and knew nothing that they did for him. His wet battered cap
ead US Na - He was a prisoner of war- they recognised the identity. Dr. Sadao checked
the wound with his expert fingers. A gun wound had been reopened. The flesh was blackened
with powder.
The man had been shot and had not been tended. Moreover, the rock had struck the wound.
He was bleeding. He needed urgent medical help. Sada e ed, W a a ed
this man? The man was moaning with pain in his stupor (a state in which you cannot think or
use your senses properly) but he did not awaken.
T e be a ec dd d be bac e ea. Sada a d, a e
himself. Hana agreed to his proposal but did not move ahead.

ACTIVITY-3
Fill in the blanks by using an appropriate word/ a phrase from the given list.
(identity, US Navy, his expert fingers, stupor, dying state)

1. A A e ca e f a a f d a
2. His wet battered cap disclosed his identity as it ead .
3. Dr. Sadao checked the wound ..
4. T e a a a a
5. T e ee ab e a e e dec beca e f e . f e e.

Sada di e a a d Ha a Fi e
If they sheltered a white man in their house they would be arrested and if they turned him
over as a prisoner, he would certainly die. Hana said that the kindest thing would be to put
him back into the sea. But neither of them moved. They were unable to take the decision.
They recognized the identity of the man. He was a prisoner of war. He had escaped and
that's why he was wounded.
They hesitated to put him back into the sea. Dr. Sadao was torn between the two worlds - a
world of his profession and the world of patriotism, sense of loyalty towards his nation. He
was confused. He said what the strange thing it was. If the man were a sound and healthy
person, he could hand him over to the police. He did not care for him. He was his enemy. All
Americans were his enemy. But since he was wounded it was the duty of the doctor to attend
the patient irrespective of their caste, creed, nation or identity. Sada fea ed f e a
reaction to his decision. Hana consoled him. She would tell them that they would intend to
give him to the police after treatment. But main concern was- Sada a df e f
the children. It would endanger their entire family.

They took the man to the house

Sadao took the decision as a doctor. Hana supported him. The man was very light like a fowl
that had been half- starved for long time. He was dirty. He had to be washed. Hana called
Yumi (maid servant) to wash the wounds of the white man. Sadao was very busy with
preparation to operate upon him.

ACTIVITY-4
Choose the appropriate interpretation from the list and put it against the statement given in
the table.

A. Conflict
B. Fear of result
C. Dilemma and sympathy
D. Compassion as a woman
E. Fear and concern as a doctor
F. Inability to take decision

Sr. No. Character Statement Interpretation

1 Dr. Sadao W a a e d
man?

2 Dr. Sadao T e be a ec dd
would be to put him back in the
ea.
 3 Dr. Sadao If e e e ed a e a
our house we should be arrested
and if we turned him over as a
prisoner, he would certainly
d e,
4 Hana T e ee e
do. We must carry him into the
e.

5 Hana D a e ! What if
e d e?

6 Dr. Sadao A a a e something must be

done with him, and first he must
be a ed.

Se a eac i , Ha a esponse and D . Sada Decision

Se a e e Yumi's refusal Hana served the white man Dr. Sadao's depth in
learning and
professional ethics.
Yumi She was asked to Though the loyal He was so busy in
(maidservant) wash the wounds servants denied to his work once he
The old of the white nurse the white man started.
gardener man. Hana was not
The cook She refused it discouraged. He did not respond
stubbornly (with She rose to the Ha a
The two firmness). occasion and stood by comment while
servants were Hana ordered her her husband firmly. operating on the
frightened at to follow the She nursed the white man.
what their command of the man.
master had master. She became the He remembered
just told them. But Yumi was embodiment of love the teaching of his
stubborn not to and affection tendered professor
The old do it. by a mother, sister, a ce f e
gardener told She showed her wife and companion. human body in the
Hana that the loyalty to her surgeon's cardinal
master ought nation not to the She washed the .
not to heal the individual at any wounds of the T eae
wound of this cost. Whiteman. without as
white man. She was frightened but complete
The white Yumi made it clear in her vision to knowledge of the
man ought to very clear that support her husband in body as if you had
die. she was a poor the time of crisis. made it - anything
person and it was She remembered the less than that is
First he was not her business stories of atrocities de .
shot. to help the white and cruelty done by
Then the sea man during the the General and his He always
caught him war period. troops to the enemy murmured/ spoke
and wounded soldiers published in to himself while
him with her Hana tried to the newspaper. doing operation.
rocks. convince her by
saying that they She looked at the
If the master would bring him wounds of the white
heals what the to his senses so man and visualized the
gun did and that they could picture of the General.
what the sea turn him over as He beat is wife cruelly
did, they a prisoner. at home.
would take. He was a human He could be so cruel
being and to the women in his
wounded first power.
helpless man. He would be so cruel
to the enemy Soldier.
 ACTIVITY-5
Choose the appropriate interpretation from the list and put it against the statement given in
the table.

A. Superstitious and worried about the master

B. Refusal with firmness
C. Ha a superiority complex and empathy for the helpless person
D. Ha a anxiety and helplessness
E. D c d and professionalism

Sr. No. Character Statement Interpretation

1 The old T e a e ea e
gardener d f e a . If e
master heals what the gun did and
what the sea did, they will take
e e e .
2 Yumi I a e d ,
I am a poor person and it is not
b e .
3 Hana S dY , a b
a man? And a wounded helpless
a !
4 Dr. Sadao I true; Americans are our
enemies. But I have been trained
not to let a man die if I can help
.
5 Hana Sada , Y e e e
servants feel they cannot stay if
e de a e ea e.
LET US SUM UP
The story is set in the day of world war. A prisoner of war was washed ashore at the door step
of Japanese doctor. Dr. Sadao who completed his education of medicine in America. He has a
dilemma to save the prisoner or to hand him over to the police. He was born and brought up
in a Japanese traditional family.
He took the decision to give him urgent medical help that was required. His decision was
respected by his wife Hana. But the servants openly disobeyed his order. They thought that
their master was driven by the American influence and culture as the later spent his quality
e A e ca. D . Sada fe a e e e e f a riotism.

ANSWERS

Activity-2
Character/place/thought/factor Interpretation
1 H
2 A
3 I
4 J
5 B
6 C
7 D
8 G
9 F
10 E

Activity-3
1. dying state
2. US Navy
3. his expert fingers
4. stupor
5. identity
Activity-4
Character-statement Interpretation
1 A
2 F
3 C
4 D
5 B
6 E

Activity-5
Character-statement Interpretation
1 A
2 B
3 C
4 E
5 D

REFERENCES
NCERT (2019 reprint) Vistas (Supplementary Reader in English for class XII)
Audio text from NCERT Official YouTube channel. (https://youtu.be/o92zKwD3814)

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. H d e e e d ca e a Sada fa e a a e ad a a ?
2. Why was Dr. Sadao being kept in Japan?
3. W a a D c d e a?
4. W a a e a e e e e saw the white man?
5. Dr. Sadao was compelled by his duty as a doctor to help the enemy soldier. Hana
was, his wife, sympathetic to him in the face of open defiance from the domestic
servants. Do you think that Dr. Sadao and Hana studied in America for some time
that helped them to develop the cross-cultural understanding in them? Write a
letter to the editor of daily newspaper, highlighting the global issue of cross-
cultural understanding and pursuing the higher education abroad has co-relation,
in an appropriate format in 150 to 200 words.
INTRODUCTION

The or The Enem by Pearl S. Buck, was set in the days of World war. Japan was at war
with America. Hana played an important role to make the situation normal when the servants
denied to serve the white man as well as Dr. Sadao. They took the final decision to leave the
house. Dr. Sadao realized the importance of the situation and considered it a wake-up call. He
informed as well as persuaded the General to get him rid of Tom, an American prisoner of war.
General Takima elfish nature indirectly facilitated the way to solution. His attitude in the
matter of the enemy soldier was an example of delay of action and compromised on the national
interest for the sake of his own interest.

ACTIVITY

The nature, behavior pattern, way of thinking and way of action towards one another get changed
due to the war-like situation. Choose the appropriate expressions to describe each column.

Patriotic, advocate of universal brotherhood, sensitive to the identity, mother tongue and culture,
sensible, think of only nationalism, believe in violence, belief in mutual understanding and
peace, frightened, confident, driven by ideology, driven by human values, action for the sake
nation, action for the sustainable development, confined to the borders, sky is the limit, glorifies
the past, present gives birth to the future

In the presence of war In the absence of war

1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
ACTIVITY

Listen to the audio text (page 37 I i no r e, Sadao aid har hl American are our enemies.
B I ha e been rained no o le a man die if I can help i . Neither seemed able to say more,
and somehow the household dragged on. The servants grew more watchful. Their courtesy was
as careful as ever, but their eyes were cold upon the pair to whom they were hired to page 48
S range, he ho gh . I onder h I co ld no kill him. )

While listening to the track follow the text-book to ensure the pace of reading with the correct
pronunciation.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KXz8dmKT1Jix6nWr8xqVkGk2AQUKehOS/view?usp=drives
dk
https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?levt1=4-8

The servants became ruthless - took the final decision to leave their master

The servants felt that they couldn't stay if their master hid the white man here anymore. They
were saying that their master and mistress stayed so long in America that's why they had
forgotten to think of their own country first. They thought they liked Americans. Sadao answered
harshly that it was not true. Americans were their enemies. But he had been trained not to let a
man die if he could help him. The servants did not understand this justification. They grew more
watchful. Their courtesy was as careful as ever, but their eyes were cold upon the pair to whom
they were hired. The old gardener aid, I is clear what his Master ought to do. When a man
was so near-death why did he not let him bleed? The cook said contemptuously (scornfully),
The o ng Ma er i o pro d of hi kill o a e life ha he a e an life. Y mi aid adl ,
I i he children of hom e m hink. Wha ill be heir fa e if heir fa her i condemned a
a traitor? They made Hana hear their conversation. On the seventh day, two things happened.
The servants decided to leave. The messenger came. The American prisoner war introduced
himself as Tom.
ACTIVITY-1

Choose the appropriate interpretation from the list and put it against the statement given in the
table.

A. Wish to develop a bond of love and affection/ sense of gratitude

B. Bond of love and affection with the children
C. Reposing a faith in the legacy of cultured family
D. Denied to be turned a traitor
E. Describing the action contemptuously

Sr. No. Character Statement Interpretation

1 The old M old ma er on kno er
gardener well what he ought to do.

2 The cook Tha young master is so proud of

his skill to save life that he saves
any life.

3 Yumi It is the children of whom we must

think what will be their fate if their
fa her i condemned a a rai or.

4 Tom An a , let me tell you that my

name i Tom.

5 Dr. Sadao I i no r e, Sadao aid har hl

American are our enemies. But I
 have been trained not to let a man
die if I can help i .

The servants decided to leave

Hana was terrified and dismayed. But her pride as a mistress would not allow her to show it. She
paid them off and thanked them for all that they had done for her. They were crying but she did
not cry. The cook and the gardener have served Sadao since he was a little boy in his father's
house. Yumi cried because of the children. She asked Hana if the baby missed her too much that
night might send for her. Hana asked Sadao why it was they could not see clearly what they
ought to do. Even the servants saw more clearly than they did. Why they were different from
other Japanese. Sadao did not answer. Dr. Sadao decided to inform the old general about the
white man. After two weeks, he went back to his office and typed a letter to the chief of police
reporting to the whole matter. Tom was recuperating very fast and seemed to be confident. He
felt safe and secured here.

ACTIVITY-2
Select the word or the phrase for each column from the list.

Action / behavior pattern State of mind

Ruthless, expressed openly Worried about the children
Busy with professional ethics Calm and composed
Recuperating Confident and thankful
Controlled her feelings Terrified and dismayed
Condemned the act of kindness Emotional

Character Action / behavior pattern State of mind

Hana

The cook and Gardner

 Yumi

Dr. Sadao

Tom
(American Prisoner War)

The Messenger came to the door in official uniform

They thought that the servants might have told already. The messenger asked doctor to come to
the palace as the old general was in pain again. Hana became tensed up as she thought that the
servants might have informed and the messenger came to arrest Dr. Sadao. He observed the
predicament of his wife and decided to get rid of the white man. Dr. Sadao informed the General
everything. He made clear his motive behind it as a doctor. He assured that he was loyal to his
country. In return the General promised him that he could not be arrested. He depended on his
skills and expertise. He promised him to get rid of the white man. He could send his private
assassins to kill the white man. He showed his level of diplomacy.

Tom and Dr. Sadao

American prisoner of war introduced himself as Tom. He wanted to say thanks to Dr. Sadao but
the doctor was not interested. Tom became sentimental and said that if all the Japs were like him.
Dr. Sadao was very professional. He did not want to develop any kind of emotional bond with
Tom. He concentrated on his professional ethics to save Tom.

ACTIVITY-3
Match the following col mn A i h col mn B
Column-A Column-B
1. The me enger came o Sadao A. but Sadao was practical and professional.

2. Hana was tensed up... B. by sending his private assassins to kill

the Man.
 3. As Dr. Sadao informed the General C. the General promised him that he could
abo he hi e man not be arrested.

4. The General promised Dr. Sadao to D. as she thought that the messenger came
help him o ge rid of he man to arrest Dr. Sadao.

5. Tom wanted to develop the E. because the old General was in pain
rela ion hip again.

Dr. Sadao got rid of Tom

Dr. Sadao was very much tensed. He was obsessed with only one thought - how to get rid of this
man. He waited for the assassins for three nights consecutively but they didn't come. At last, he
decided to let Tom escape. He put his boat on the shore with food and extra clothing in it. He
checked his temperature and the pulse rate. He guided him how to go to the island where he
could get the Korean boat and asked him to stay there until he could get the boat. He directed the
flashlight signals to survive. The man was dressed in Japanese clothes. At the last moment Sadao
wrapped a black cloth about is blond head. The o ng American, i ho ord, hook Sadao
hand warmly and went out.

ACTIVITY-4

Complete the following table of problem solving with the help of following points. Use the
statements given against the tenets of problem-solving procedure

1. He worked with the General as well as the white man to execute his plan one after
another.
2. While supporting the idea of the General he analysed the issue objectively and he thought
creatively to assist the white man to escape in disguise.
3. Finally, he took the decision to let the prisoner go at night and got rid of him.
4. He informed the General and wanted to support his solution by keeping the door open.
 5. He waited for the assassins for three nights consecutively but they didn't come.
6. He collected Information about Korean fishing boat, little island, and water many
fathoms deep there.
7. He checked the man as a doctor and guided him to stay as long as it was required
8. He shared his plan and gave him proper instructions, use of flashes and put himself in his
position while providing the things.

Tenets Statements
Positive attitude
Cope with stress
Acquire information
Awareness and direction
Communicate and empathize
Team work and collaborate
Think critical and creative
Take decision and solve problems

Dr. Sadao repented on his action

Dr. Sadao informed the General that the man escaped. The general expressed his failure to keep
his words to send the assassins to kill the white man. He explained he was careless while dealing
with the issue because of his fragile health. But it was not like of patriotism or a dereliction of
duty. Moreo er, he apprecia ed Dr. Sadao kill and kind na re and a ked him o be re arded.
He remembered his stay in America, the days of discrimination; the Americans were full of
prejudice. How he suffered as a Japanese in America. He wondered why he could not kill him
Tom.
ACTIVITY-5
Select the statement for each skill.
A. He showed his productivity by providing the urgent medical help to the needy and sense
of accountability towards the General.
B. He took the initiative to help the white man thrice as a doctor and a human being.
C. He showed his leadership qualities by leading a team of his family members, a foreigner
and his authority by solving the problem without hurting anyone.
D. He worked with Hana, the General and the white man on different project successfully.
E. He analysed the problem objectively and designed the plan creatively to get rid of Tom.
F. He communicated each decision to Hana, the white man and General wherever it was
required.
G. He was a doctor and aware of his duty.
H. He controlled his emotions till the end.
I. He changed his plans in accordance with the need of the situation.
J. He was very sensible at the time of crisis for example the operation and while letting Tom
go.
K. Finally, he took the decision after waiting for three nights and solved the problem.

21st century skills and the interpretation of thematic expression of The Enemy with
examples
S. No Skills Interpretation with examples

1 Self-awareness and empathy

2 Coping with emotions and coping with
stress
3 Communication
4 Flexibility and adaptability
5 Initiative and self-direction
6 Productivity and accountability
7 Managing and expressing self
8 Decision making/problem solving
 9 Creative and critical thinking
10 Collaboration
11 Leadership

LET US SUM UP

Dr. Sadao, at last, could succeed to resolve the issue that made him very much depressed. He
saved the Life of American prisoner of war thrice. He brought him to his house. He operated
upon him. He made him escape comfortably. There a a momen in doc or life hen he had
to make a hard choice between his role as a private individual (professional doctor) and as a
citizen with a sense of national loyalty. Dr. Sadao was engrossed with his professional ethics
while helping the enemy soldier. On the other hand, Hana, an example of love and affection,
rendered her service in high spirit as a mother, sister and companion does. After all, it proves that
excessive glorification of patriotism (jingoism) is a state of mind driven by overloaded emotions
during war period. It is for the time-being. It lasts transiently. On the other hand, humanism is
the way of life. It fosters the feeling of universal brotherhood forever. Service to man is service
to God.

ANSWERS

Activity-1

1-C
2-E
3-B
4-A
5-D

Activity-2

Character Action / behavior pattern State of mind

Hana Controlled her feelings Terrified and dismayed

The cook and Gardner Condemned the act of kindness Emotional

 Yumi Ruthless, expressed openly Worried about the children

Dr. Sadao Busy with professional ethics Calm and composed

Tom Recuperating Confident and thankful

(American Prisoner War)

Activity-3
1- E
2- D
3- C
4- B
5- A
Activity-4

Tenets Statements
1 D
2 E
3 F
4 G
5 H
6 A
7 B
8 C

Activity-5

Skills Interpretation
with examples

1 G
2 H
3 F
4 I
5 B
6 A
7 J
8 K
9 E
10 D
11 C
 REFERENCES
NCERT (2019 reprint) Vistas (Supplementary Reader in English for class XII)
Audio text from NCERT Official YouTube channel. (https://youtu.be/o92zKwD3814)

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. How did the servants react to the decision of Dr. Sadao?

2. What will Dr. Sadao do to get rid of the man?
3. Why did Dr. Sadao repent on his action of harbouring the enemy?
4. Describe the character of General Takima.
5. Patriotism is a state of mind for the time being. It lasts transiently. On the other hand,
Humanism is the way of life. It fosters the feeling of universal brotherhood. Write a
deba e on Uni er al bro herhood i more impor an han he pa rio i m ei her for he
motion or against the motion in 150 to 200 words.