APPLIED MECHANICS LAB MANUAL

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT
SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY
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1 Cam Analysis Apparatus

2 Universal Governor Apparatus

3 Static and Dynamic Balancing Apparatus

4 Motorized Gyroscope Apparatus

5 Universal Vibration Apparatus-I

6 Universal Vibration Apparatus-II

7 Universal Vibration Apparatus-III

8 Energy of Flywheel Apparatus

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Energy of Flywheel Apparatus
 Description

As we knew, a flywheel is a spinning wheel or disc with a fixed axle so that

rotation is only about one axis. Energy is stored in the rotor as kinetic energy, or
more specifically, rotational energy. And the kinetic energy of a rotating object is
analogous to linear kinetic energy and can be expressed in terms of the moment
of inertia and angular velocity. Hence so as demonstrate this very simple /
fundamental concept we developed this “Energy of Flywheel” set up.

Here a well sized Fly wheel made out of M.S. Material, which is mounted
on a shaft, in such a way that Centre of Flywheel & the through shaft remains
same. Ends of this Flywheel carrying shaft are held with Bearing blocks so as to
minimize the rotational friction. This total assembly is mounted on a base plate in
such a way that, entire set up could be placed in a wall mounted fashion. Enough
long rope is provided along with weights and weight hanger to apply required
angular velocity to fly wheel under consideration. Here flywheel peripheral side is
provided with a strip Mark & correlative pointer. This helps user to count number
of Flywheel revolutions during experiment w.r.t. provided stop Watch refer the
view below.
 Operating Instructions

1. Following steps are required to be followed & ensured, before using he

Experimental set up.

a) Ensure that all mounted parts like flywheel, bearing blocks, through
shaft, Pointer etc. are intact.
b) Ensure that total set up is fitted firmly on the wall at about eye site
level
c) Others like stop watch, rope, and weights & weight hangers are your
disposal.
2. Just once again ensure all the steps given above are followed.

3. Now wind the rope on the free/ open shaft, which is seen on the sides of
flywheel under experimentation, in such a way that rope gets freely away from
the shaft, when flywheel gets its rotation.

4. Keep the rope in same wound condition & hook up weight hanger at its free
end. And without allowing it to fall freely, add a weight in the weight hanger. Still
don’t allow it to fall.

5. Now keep the stop watch ready to start the experiment.

6. Now allow free fall of weight in such a way that, as weight comes down by
gravity, rope gets unwound accordingly. And at the end when weight just reaches
the ground, it clears rope contact from shaft.

7. Now during step (6) measure time for free fall of weight.

8. And immediately after step (6) measure number of revolutions before flywheel
starts decelerating.

9. Note down the readings as per the given observation sheet.

10. After completion of experiment isolate rope, weight set etc and keep them safely.

11. Please keep entire set up in safe and dry place.

Note:

1. Always take at least three readings for step 7 and 8 and use average readings
out of it. This will avoid manual errors during noting.
2. Sometimes instead of weight hanger, weights itself are provided with
hook/hanger.
3. Due to practical considerations and other involved factors in noting in short time,
expected results may be matching with actual by at least ± 10% to ±50% error.
 Observations
1. Operate entire set up in a careful way, especially free fall weight.
2. Note down the respective readings.

Flywheel dimensions:

Diameter:

Thickness:

Weight pan basic weight:

Free fall time Vs weight

1.

2.

3.

4.

Speed Vs weight

1.

2.

3.

4.
 Calculations
1. Theoretical Moment of Inertia of solid disk, I= 0.5*m*r2
௚
2
2. Actual Moment of Inertia of solid disk, I= m * r *ቀ − 1ቁ
௥ఈ

I= moment of Inertia, m= mass of falling weight

r= effective radius of rope and shaft, g= 9.81m/s2, =Angular acceleration

Sample Example:

Now Theoretical Moment of Inertia is calculated as-

Flywheel details:

Diameter: 246mm

Thickness: 30mm

Weight: 11.65kg

I= 0.5*m*r2

Now Actual Moment of Inertia is calculated as-

Falling weight details:

Shaft + Rope diameter: 32mm

Weight: 1kg

Free fall time Vs weight

1. 7 sec 1kg

Speed Vs weight

1. 1 rev/sec 1kg

௚
I= m * r2 *ቀ − 1ቁ
௥ఈ

ω =ω0+αt