Direction Words Used in Essay Questions

Compare Illustrate
Explain similarities and differences. Explain by using examples.

Contrast Interpret
Explain differences only. Explain in your own words and discuss
significance.
Criticize or evaluate
Make a judgment about strengths and Justify or prove
weaknesses, positive or negative Construct an argument for or against
aspects. and support with evidence.

Define Outline
Give a precise and accurate meaning. Describe in general and cover main
points.
Describe
Provide a detailed account. Relate
Show a connection among ideas.
Discuss or explain
Give reasons, facts, details that show Summarize
you understand. Briefly organize and bring together main
ideas.
Enumerate or list
State points one by one and briefly Trace
explain. Describe a series of steps, stages, or
events.

From The Confident Student by Carol C. Kanar.